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Zabuye Salt Lake in Tibet, China is a carbonate-type salt lake, which has some unique characteristics that make it different from other types of salt lakes. The lake is at the latter period in its evolution and contains liquid and solid resources. Its brine is rich in Li, B, K and other useful minor elements that are of great economic value. We studied the concentration behavior of these elements and the crystallization paths of salts during isothermal evaporation of brine at 15°C and 25°C. The crystallization sequence of the primary salts from the brine at 25°C is halite (NaCl) → aphthitalite (3K2SO4·Na2SO4) → zabuyelite (Li2CO3)→ trona (Na2CO3·NaHCO3·2H2O) → thermonatrite (Na2CO3·H2O) → sylvite (KCl), while the sequence is halite (NaCl) → sylvite (KCl) → trona (Na2CO3·NaHCO3·2H2O) → zabuyelite (Li2CO3) → thermonatrite (Na2CO3·H2O) → aphthitalite (3K2SO4·Na2SO4) at 15°C. They are in accordance with the metastable phase diagram of the Na+, K+-Cl?, CO32?, SO42?-H2O quinary system at 25°C, except for Na2CO3·7H2O which is replaced by trona and thermonatrite. In the 25°C experiment, zabuyelite (Li2CO3) was precipitated in the early stage because Li2CO3 is supersaturated in the brine at 25°C, in contrast with that at 15°C, it precipitated in the later stage. Potash was precipitated in the middle and late stages in both experiments, while boron was concentrated in the early and middle stages and precipitated in the late stage. 相似文献
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对近年来我国"大洋一号"科考船在西南印度洋中脊(SWIR)多金属硫化物调查区4个站位所获得的玄武岩进行了岩石学及元素地球化学研究。其岩相学特征为以斑状结构为主,斑晶矿物主要由斜长石、辉石和橄榄石组成。基质以间隐结构为主,主要由斜长石、橄榄石和辉石微晶组成。全岩元素地球化学分析结果表明样品属于亏损型洋中脊玄武岩。矿物化学成分表明斜长石主要为倍长石和拉长石,橄榄石为贵橄榄石。研究区玄武岩具低的Na8、K/Ti比值和LREE/HREE以及较高的Fe8值,可整体归入SWIR 49°E-70°E区指示岩浆熔融程度最高、熔融深度最深的区域内。本次研究为探索SWIR洋脊玄武岩和岩浆熔融等相关研究提供了49.6°E和50.5°E区的新资料,也指示了区内岩浆活动或成矿围岩物质来源的复杂性。 相似文献
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鄂尔多斯盆地中新生代构造应力场 总被引：32，自引：0，他引：32
张泓 《华北地质矿产杂志》1996,11(1):87-92
鄂尔多斯盆地是位于华北克拉通西部的保罗－白垩纪沉积盆地。本文利用中、小型构造的解析成果重建了该盆地中、新生代的区域构造应力场，其中，印支、燕山和喜马拉雅运动最大主压力轴的产状分别为１７９°～３５９°∠２°～３°，１３０°～３１０°∠２°～４°，３０°～２１０°∠１°～２°。这一成果为解释它的形成与演化机制提供了一个重要窗口。 相似文献
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云南大坪金矿床控矿断裂受力机制分析 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
本文通过断裂带构造形迹和结构面力学性质分析、节理统计以及定向薄片显微分析,采用岩组分析法和石英变形纹费氏台测量,测得成矿前期i应力σ_1的产状为NE45°±5°,侧伏角为40°±5°;成矿期主压应力为NW70°±5°,侧伏角35°±5°;成矿期后主压应力转变为SE20°左右,侧伏角约45°。研究表明,成矿期NW向断裂具张扭性,为最佳容矿构造 相似文献
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Dwijesh RAY Sridhar D. IYER Ranadip BANERJEE Saumitra MISRA M. WIDDOWSON 《《地质学报》英文版》2007,81(1):99-112
1 Introduction The Northern Central Indian Ridge (NCIR) between 3° and 11°S latitudes is joined to the north with the slow spreading Carlsberg Ridge (CR; ~24–26 mm/a, full spreading rate) and to the south with the intermediate spreading Southern Central Indian Ridge (SCIR; ~50 mm/ a) (Fig. 1). Earlier petrological investigations of the Central Indian Ridge were concentrated either on or along the CR to the north and at the southern end of the CIR up to the Rodriguez Triple Junc… 相似文献
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白云洞是云南乃古石林地区一个长达380km的岩溶洞穴,位于昆明东南70km。溶洞通道的总体方向为N110°～120°E,N0°～10°W,裂隙方向为N30°～40°W,N20°～30°W。溶洞发育于厚层的下二叠统栖霞组,水流发育,正处于近潜水位阶段。溶洞沉积中存在大量 相似文献
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The apparent polar wander (APW) path from the Tarim block consists of palaeo-magnetic poles ofDevonian (λ=16°N, ψ= 165° E. A_(95)=4°). Late Carboniferous (λ=41° N, ψ=160° E, A_(95)=4°).Permian (λ=61°N, ψ=177° E. A_(95)=9°). Early Triassic (λ=69° N. ψ=183° E. A_(95)=11°) andJurassic/Cretaceous (λ=65° N, ψ=214° E. A_(95)=6°) times. On the basis of this APW path, it is con-cluded that the Tarim block was subducted beneath the Kazakstan plate between Devonian and Permiantimes. The Tarim, North China and South China blocks were sutured between the Early Triassic and EarlyCretaceous. Tarim had moved eastward some 2000 km relative to Siberia since the Cretaceous. 相似文献
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塔里木板块西南缘托云、奥依塔格晚侏罗世古地磁研究,获得了托云地区特征磁化方向:Ds=1.5°,Is=50.8°;古地磁极:λ=81.0°,ψ=247.0°,古纬度31.5°N。奥依塔格地区特征磁化方向:Ds=118.4°,Is=55.9°;古地磁极:λ=4.9°,ψ=120.6°,古纬度=36.4°N。从古地磁结果认为:①托云和奥依塔格相对托云地区产生顺时针旋转;②这两个地区古纬度为31°～36°左右,与塔里木平均古纬度30°N是基本一致的,但与现在纬度差达8°～10°左右,造成纬度差主要原因是构造运动造成的;③塔里木晚侏罗世古地磁亦与华北、华南基本一致,说明晚侏罗世塔里木、华北、华南三板块已联合成一个整体,拼合成统一的中国大陆,其位于热带—亚热带古气候环境。 相似文献
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甘肃玉门地区二叠系-三叠系古地磁研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
玉门大山口白杨河一带古地磁研究结果:下二叠统的特征磁化方向为Ds=108.1°,Is=-46.1°;极点位置为λ=30.5°N,ψ=18.6°;古纬度为27.6°N.上二叠统的特征磁化方向为Ds=139.4°,Is=-47.4°;极点位置为λ=54.7N,ψ=359.9°;古纬度为28.2°N;下三叠统的特征磁化方向为Ds=150.8°,Is=-48.1°;极点位置为λ=63.7°N,ψ=351.1°;古纬度为29.1°N.说明二叠纪玉门地区所在的阿拉善地块已是华北地块的一部分,晚二叠世-早三叠世华北地块大体处于吐哈地块和华南地块之间,与俄罗斯地块的古纬度相近;华北、吐鲁番-哈密和塔里木地块都大体位于劳亚大陆的东南部. 相似文献
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在黑龙江省嫩江县二道坎村开展银多金属矿普查工作中使用MP-1000型便携式钻机进行了45°斜孔施工,该钻机占地小,搬迁方便,适合斜孔施工。针对斜孔施工中出现的钻孔漏失、坍塌掉块、钻孔偏斜的问题,通过采用改性刚性水泥堵漏剂对钻孔漏失段进行封堵,取得了良好的封堵效果;选用合适护壁性能的冲洗液减少了钻孔坍塌掉块;为防止孔斜,采用锚杆固定的方式稳固钻机,钻进过程中使用高胎体钻头,减少起下钻次数,避免掉块挤压钻具引起孔斜。通过选择合适的冲洗液以及不断优化施工工艺,45°斜孔施工取得了良好的效果。 相似文献
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晏同珍 《水文地质工程地质》1957,(5)
观察地段是天水、陇西、兰州。现象是通过工程地质踏勘及调查的实践,在人工路堑边坡坡面上看到的。一、黄土状土中的构造现象1.非垂直性斜节理垂直节理及性质,很早以前就有被大家所公认的概念,本观察地段,该节理也是存在的;但除垂直节理外,分布于黄土状土中的非垂直性斜节理,也是客观存在的事实。它们的何角一般是60°至80°,少部是30°至50°;走向一般是北东15°、50°、65°、80°,少部是北西5°、25°、50°;倾向大部向南东,少部北东及南西。斜节理面及分布通常没有岩质岩层中那样光 相似文献
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概述了争光岩金矿区60°斜孔岩心钻探施工的钻探设备、钻具、工具、施工工艺、钻孔结构、泥浆的使用、钻头的选择及钻探技术措施,并对施工效果进行了综合评价. 相似文献
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新疆西准噶尔晚古生代以来构造样式与变形序列研究 总被引：6，自引：3，他引：3
断裂构造的发育是不同地质历史、不同应力场条件下地壳应变的叠加。针对某一地域断裂构造的研究,理清其发育序次和不同阶段断裂系统对应的构造应力场,是了解区域大地构造性质演变的重要环节。新疆西准噶尔地区构造运动和岩浆活动非常强烈,是认识中亚构造域性质的重要研究基地,同时也为断裂构造和变形序次研究提供了很好的野外实验室。通过对研究区1500个构造面理产状数据的统计与分析,认为新疆西准噶尔地区主要发育以下几组构造面理：（1）290°走向;（2）10°~20°和80~90°走向;（3）40°~45°和320°~325°走向;（4）60°~70°和340°~350°走向。通过对野外构造现象、断裂之间的交切关系、断裂与相关地层及岩体的切割关系等的综合分析,结合遥感图像解译,确立了走滑断裂是西准噶尔地区晚古生代以来主要的构造样式,并建立了相应的变形序列：（1）大约在二叠纪晚期-三叠纪,由于准噶尔与中天山汇聚末期的区域性水平运动,受到北西-南东向的挤压应力作用,发育最早一期北西西向（290°左右）右旋走滑断裂;（2）侏罗纪-白垩纪,地层产状平缓,没有发现区域性构造变形证据;（3）古近纪,主要受制于太平洋构造域,受到北西-南东向挤压应力作用,发育北北东向（10°~20°）左旋与近东西向（80°~90°）右旋共轭走滑构造;（4）新近纪早期,受印度大陆和欧亚大陆碰撞的远程效应影响,应力场为近南北向,发育北东向（40°~45°）、北西向（320°~325°）走滑构造,新近纪晚期应力场发生了小角度顺时针旋转,构造形迹又转变为北东东向（60°~70°）和北北西向（340°~350°）。 相似文献
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北石城新华夏系断裂带的初步研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文所述断裂带南从北白岩村附近起,北经梨树沟、北石城、年鱼沟、上峪等地,于牛郎峪附近消失,长约22公里。呈北东15°—25°方向展布;上峪以北变为北东30°—40°左右。断层倾向南东,倾角40°—60°,局部地段小手30°。断层中间被伴生的北西、北东向 相似文献
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CHANG Jian LI Dan QIU Nansheng ZHU Chuanqing ZHONG Ningning FENG Qianqian ZHANG Haizu WANG Xiang 《《地质学报》英文版》2022,96(4):1308-1322
The uncertainty surrounding the thermal regimes of the ultra-deep strata in the Tarim and Sichuan basins, China, is unfavorable for further hydrocarbon exploration. This study summarizes and contrasts the present-day and paleo heat flow, geothermal gradient and deep formation temperatures of the Tarim and Sichuan basins. The average heat flow of the Tarim and Sichuan basins are 42.5 ± 7.6 mW/m2 and 53.8 ± 7.6 mW/m2, respectively, reflecting the characteristics of ‘cold’ and ‘warm’ basins. The geothermal gradient with unified depths of 0–5,000 m, 0–6,000 m and 0–7,000 m in the Tarim Basin are 21.6 ± 2.9 °C/km, 20.5 ± 2.8 °C/km and 19.6 ± 2.8 °C/km, respectively, while the geothermal gradient with unified depths of 0–5,000 m, 0–6,000m and 0–7,000 m in the Sichuan Basin are 21.9 ± 2.3 °C/km, 22.1 ± 2.5 °C/km and 23.3 ± 2.4 °C/km, respectively. The differential change of the geothermal gradient between the Tarim and Sichuan basins with depth probably results from the rock thermal conductivity and heat production rate. The formation temperatures at depths of 6,000 m, 7,000 m, 8,000 m, 9,000 m and 10,000 m in the Tarim Basin are 80°C–190°C, 90°C–220°C, 100°C–230°C, 110°C–240°C and 120°C–250°C, respectively, while the formation temperatures at depths of 6,000 m, 7,000 m, 8,000 m and 9,000 m in the Sichuan Basin are 120°C–200°C, 140°C–210°C, 160°C–260°C and 180°C–280°C, respectively. The horizontal distribution pattern of the ultra-deep formation temperatures in the Tarim and Sichuan basins is mainly affected by the basement relief, fault activity and hydrothermal upwelling. The thermal modeling revealed that the paleo-heat flow in the interior of the Tarim Basin decreased since the early Cambrian with an early Permian abrupt peak, while that in the Sichuan Basin experienced three stages of steady state from Cambrian to early Permian, rapidly rising at the end of the early Permian and declining since the late Permian. The thermal regime of the Sichuan Basin was always higher than that of the Tarim Basin, which results in differential oil and gas generation and conservation in the ultra-deep ancient strata. This study not only promotes theoretical development in the exploration of ultra-deep geothermal fields, but also plays an important role in determining the maturation phase of the ultra-deep source rocks and the occurrence state of hydrocarbons in the Tarim and Sichuan basins. 相似文献