共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 140 毫秒
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为探析我国干旱地区地表硫酸盐沉积物中δ17O异常的存在及其变化特征,在西北额济纳盆地采集地表盐结层、现代风尘土、湖底沉积物和盐池土壤四种不同类型的硫酸盐沉积物样品。利用硫酸银(Ag2SO4)热解法同时测定硫酸盐样品中的δ17O和δ18O值,其δ17O、δ18O和Δ17O的分析精度分别为0.5‰、0.3‰和0.1‰。研究发现:(1)四种不同硫酸盐沉积物中均存在δ17O异常,其Δ17O值为0.2‰~1.0‰,这表明具有δ17O异常的硫酸盐能够从大气圈转移到陆壳矿物中,并在特定的地表环境中累积起来;(2)西戈壁的吉格德查盐池土壤剖面上硫酸盐Δ17O值随深度增加而增大,变化范围为0‰~0.6‰,这可能是干旱区极其有限的降水淋滤作用使具有较大Δ17O值的硫酸盐优先淋滤的结果,这种分离效应揭示的是在干旱的气候条件下,硫酸盐在土壤剖面上分离的过程。本研究证明我国干旱沉积环境中的硫酸盐δ17O异常的存在,为大气中臭氧(O3)和过氧化氢(H2O2)的氧同位素异常能够转移到地表矿物中提供新的证据,为地表沉积物中硫酸盐的来源、迁移、混合及沉积后的变化提供有效信息。 相似文献
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氧同位素组成是一个非常有效的示踪硫酸盐的起源和形成环境的工具.过去主要针对硫酸盐中的氧同位素δ(18O)的研究,近年来,随着硫酸盐中氧同位素质量不相关分馏现象的陆续发现,其δ(17O)的研究成为热点与前沿.在综述了硫酸盐三氧同位素测试技术的研究现状及进展情况后,重点介绍了从硫酸盐中直接提取O2供质谱计同时测定δ(17O)与δ(18O)值的CO2-激光氟化法;同时介绍了硫酸盐中氧同位素异常[Δ(17O)]的研究历程,探讨了硫酸盐中氧同位素质量不相关分馏的机理及三氧同位素的应用前景,展望了今后的研究趋势. 相似文献
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目前的发现指出，硫酸盐的δ17O和δ18O值，特别是Δ17O值（＝δ17O-0.52δ18O）能够提供关于大气圈中和地表环境中硫酸盐的起源、混合和迁移的独特的信息，仅仅使用δ18O的测量结果不能圆满地解决相关间题。现有的分析硫酸盐的δ17O和δ18O的方法极其辛苦，而且要求高纯的BrF5。文中报道了从重晶石（BaSO4）中直接产生O2供同位素比值质谱计（IRMS）同时分析δ17O和δ18O的新方法。该方法使用了CO2-激光氟化系统，该系统也可用于从硅酸盐和氧化物中定量的产生O2。对于样品大于4 mg来说，可以获得部分的但是一致的来自BaSO4的氧的产量。每个工作日用该系统可以处理12个以上的样品。Δ17O的分析误差为±0.05‰, δ18O的分析误差为±0.8‰。该方法可有效和准确地研究硫酸盐的Δ17O值。 相似文献
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三氧同位素(16O、17O、18O)组成特征可有效示踪天然水循环及其环境效应,微量水δ(17O)和δ(18O)CoF3法同时测试新技术的建立,可为三氧同位素定量研究提供有效的分析手段,特别是能够捕捉到像光合作用、呼吸作用等生物过程中发生的同位素分馏现象。在国内首次建立了微量水δ(17O)和δ(18O)CoF3法线外同时测试新技术,样品量仅需2μL,整个制样时间约40min。采用在质谱测试前对待测样品在100℃下预热10 min,待O2完全解吸后再进行质谱测试的方法,避免了制样和测试过程中的记忆效应及分馏效应,δ(17O)和δ(18O)的分析精度分别达到±0.07‰和±0.14‰。该法使用固体试剂CoF3替代了剧毒的气态氟化物BrF5,使得制样流程更加安全可靠且样品量少,适用性强,具有很大的推广应用价值。 相似文献
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河北平原地下水硫酸盐34S和18O同位素演化特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
地下水中硫酸盐的34Ss和18O在探寻地下水的水质演化规律、赋存环境特征方面具有重要的研究意义,笔者选取保定-河间-沧州-黄骅剖面采集深层地下水水样,分析测试了其主要阴阳离子含量、δ18O、δD、14C及δ34Sso42-和δ18Oso42-各项指标,在此基础上首次探讨了河北平原地下水中硫酸盐的硫、氧同位素分布特征与演化机理.研究发现研究区地下水硫酸盐的δ34Sso42-值沿地下水流向增大,δ18Oso42-值则在一个较小的范围内波动,最终接近一个常数值,二者间呈现较好的负相关关系;δ34Sso42-值随地下水14C年龄的增加而增加,δ34Sso42-则随地下水14C年龄的增加而趋于稳定;34Sso42-值与r(so42-)/r(C1-)的值呈负相关关系,δ18Oso42-值与r(SO42-)/r(C1-)的值则呈正相关关系.在研究区地下水中硫酸盐的34S和18O同位素的分布演变特征主要由SO42-和水之间的同位素交换反应、微生物硫酸盐的还原作用、硫化氢的再氧化作用所影响,其中微生物硫酸盐的还原作用的结果使地下水中的硫酸盐富集34S,SO42-和水之间的同位素交换反应是影响地下水的δ18Oso42-值的主导因素,使地下水的δ18Oso42-取决于地下水的氧同位素组成. 相似文献
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硫酸盐的氧同位素测量方法 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
硫酸盐不仅是常见矿物,还是自然界少数几个具有氧同位素非质量分馏效应的矿物之一。硫酸盐矿物的氧同位素组成,特别是硫酸盐的氧同位素非质量分馏效应,可以为研究其形成过程和条件提供大碹有用信息,揭示一些元素浓度甚至单个同位素比值测量无法获得的特殊作用过程。但由于硫酸盐的氧同位素分析技术难度大,这一方法在国内尚未建立起来。论文介绍了BrF5法测量硫酸盐氧同位素组成的实验装置、分析流程和测量结果。该方法是目前唯一可以同时测量硫酸盐^17O／^16O和^18O／^16O比值的方法。对BaSO4国际氧同位素标准样品NBS-127和一种BaSO4化学试剂进行了多次重复测量。测量的NBS-127国际标样的δ^18Ov-SMOW=（9．20±0．11）‰,与标准值完全一致;BaSO4化学试剂的δ^18Ov-SMOW=（14．64±0．13）‰。分析精度（标准偏差）达到0．13％。（1σ）,优于国外（0．15～0．29）‰（1σ）的水平 相似文献
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硝酸盐的氮和三氧同位素(δ15N, δ17O和δ18O)及氧同位素非质量分馏(△17O)综合研究, 可以更有效地示踪硝酸盐的来源和形成过程、制约硝酸盐的形成条件。本文详细描述了细菌反硝化法测定10–6级硝酸盐氮和三氧同位素的分析测试方法和实验要点。综合优化改良的细菌反硝化前处理方法、全自动气体预浓缩富集纯化系统和测试流程, 实现了实验室长期测定数据的稳定性, 以及多批次标准样品测定的良好重现性。10 nmol NO– 3标准样品的δ18O和δ15N测试精度分别是0.25‰(1σ)和0.40‰(1σ)。80 nmol NO– 3标准样品的δ18O、δ17O和δ15N的测试精度分别是0.5‰(1σ)、0.4‰(1σ)和0.1‰(1σ), 据此计算出的Δ17O精度为0.46‰(1σ)。 相似文献
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元素分析仪-气体同位素质谱法分析硫酸钙样品的硫同位素组成 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
硫酸盐硫同位素的常规分析方法是将硫酸盐转化为硫酸钡后搭配双路进样SO2法,该法易于操作、数据稳定,但样品用量大、费时费力,需要繁杂的前处理,无法满足微量分析发展方向的需求。本文以石膏为例,以元素分析仪-气体同位素质谱法(EA-IRMS)直接测定硫酸钙样品硫同位素比值,对同一样品分别采用:①硫酸钙与V2O5混合后包裹于锡杯中密封,直接进行元素分析仪-气体同位素质谱分析;②硫酸钙充分溶于去离子水中,向溶有硫酸钙样品的液体中加入沉淀试剂BaCl2,将生成的硫酸钡沉淀滤出后,用去离子水清洗2~3遍,烘干后与V2O5混合包裹于锡杯中密封再进行质谱测定。实验选取了13件δ34S值变化范围介于-20‰^+30‰之间的天然石膏样品,将获得的硫同位素比值进行对比,二者δ34SV-CDT绝对差值在0.00‰~0.24‰,表明同一样品的硫同位素比值结果在误差范围内基本一致。与常规分析方法相比,本文建立的直接在线分析时无需任何化学前处理,只需直接加入适量的V2O5,V2O5和氧气中的外部氧在瞬间燃烧的过程中替代了硫酸钙本身的氧,生成的SO2气体的氧是均一的,其硫同位素比值能代表样品的硫同位素组成,无需进行氧同位素的校正。经过验证表明,硫酸钙样品的直接在线分析是完全可行的。 相似文献
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Emily Keeble David I. Whiteside Michael J. Benton 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2018,129(2):99-119
Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco. 相似文献
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Gilles Serge Odin 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2002,334(6):409-414
Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414. 相似文献
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The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H2O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H2O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species. 相似文献
14.
Muriel Rocher Stéphane Baize Stéphane Jaillet Edward Marc Cushing Yannick Lozac&#x;h Francis Lemeille 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2003,335(8):701-708
Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ1 roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003). 相似文献
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正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level 相似文献
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正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7), 相似文献
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正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci- 相似文献
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正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli- 相似文献
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正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.) 相似文献