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1.
南海蕴藏着丰富的油气资源且是海上战略要道受到其周边国家的广泛关注甚至引起争端.南海油气之争本质上属于领土主权之争.和平解决国际争端是唯一的选择.和平解决南海油气争端的方式可以采取协商、谈判、斡旋和调停、国际仲裁等方式.对于南海油气争端的解决而言,法律方法无疑是非常现实可行的选择.我们需要同时从国际条约、国际合同和国内立法等方面设计调整国家行为或私人行为的规范,形成有法律约束力的承诺并以强制力量保证实施. 相似文献
2.
近十几年来的事实证明,围绕南海问题搞对抗,不是解决问题的根本办法.鉴于南海主权争端争议较大,相对复杂,我国政府自1986年以来一直主张"搁置争议、共同开发",把问题的焦点放在南海的使用价值上.该主张对于各方互惠互利、求同存异、促进共同发展具有重要的意义,是解决南海争端最现实也是最有效的办法.本文旨在对世界其他海域共同开发模式进行归纳和总结,并分析其对南海"共同开发"的借鉴和指引作用.在此基础上分析研究南海"共同开发"可能面临的困难,并对我国与南海周边国家"共同开发"的可能性和发展前景进行探究. 相似文献
3.
范晓婷 《海洋与海岸带开发》2008,(4):47-51
近十几年来的事实证明．围绕南海问题搞对抗。不是解决问题的根本办法。鉴于南海主权争端争议较大，相对复杂，我国政府自1986年以来一直主张“搁置争议、共同开发”，把问题的焦点放在南海的使用价值上。该主张对于各方互惠互利、求同存异、促进共同发展具有重要的意义，是解决南海争端最现实也是最有效的办法。本文旨在对世界其他海域共同开发模式进行归纳和总结．并分析其对南海“共同开发”的借鉴和指引作用。在此基础上分析研究南海“共同开发”可能面临的困难．并对我国与南海周边国家“共同开发”的可能性和发展前景进行探究。 相似文献
4.
中国深水海域油气及相关资源勘探开发进展及关键技术 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
深水油气及相关资源的开发是我国解决能源紧缺问题的关键,我国南海深水海域蕴藏着丰富的油气资源,天然气水合物资源赋存也有着良好的前景.本文探讨了深水油气及相关资源开发勘探技术的进展和技术发展方向. 相似文献
5.
海权是主权的重要组成部分,是一个主权国家的重要象征,它不仅涉及领海、领空物理空间意义上的范围,更涉及一个国家、民族的尊严。南海,有独特的自然条件,被多国围绕,有3大通达世界的重要国际海峡航道:1)连接印度洋的马六甲海峡;2)进入北太平洋,通达亚洲与美洲多国的巴士海峡、台湾海峡,油气和自然资源丰富,经济、军事战略地位重要,涉及多国和国际规则与利益居多,进而成为多国,特别是大国政治、经济、科技、军事等多方面角力的博弈场。从南海地理位置、自然环境与资源、南海问题的由来、近期南海主要争端事件及其国际背景解析入手,对诸多问题进行了分析,提出管理学意义上的相关对策与建议。认为从法理上提出有理有据的证据,争取舆论优势,强化实质性的海上管理,利用多种多管齐下如政治、外交、经济等多种手段,按照分阶段实施双边谈判的方式解决南海诸多边界问题是需要认真进行顶层设计的,以达到"将南海建设成为和平之海、友谊之海和合作之海"之目的。 相似文献
6.
南海蕴藏着极其丰富的海洋资源，在已发现的各类资源中尤以石油天然气资源最为突出，引起了国际社会和南海周边的普遍关注。加快南海油气资源的开发，把海南建设成我国南海油气开发基地，不仅是海南依靠本省资源、区位优势，再创经济新的增长点的需要，更是国家维护南海海洋权益之必需。一、南海油气资源潜量与勘探状况丰富的南海油气资源主要蕴藏于南海大陆架海区，这已被近年油气勘探和开发的实践所证实。南海的油气资源不仅分布广，而且储量大。世界许多著名地质学家都认为南海是一个大有希望的具有石油储藏的远景较好的海区，它与东海等… 相似文献
7.
文章从海洋法和国家划界实践的角度分析中日东海争端的缘由,介绍两国关于大陆架定义的差异以及各自所坚持的划界原则.文章提出要在公平原则的基础上考虑自然延伸原则和相关情况原则,协商谈判,通过共同开发东海资源来解决当前东海大陆架争端. 相似文献
8.
分析了《中日关于东海共同开发的谅解》的发表对促进中日共同开发海洋的重要意义，提出了两国进行海洋合作以及通过和平谈判友好解决海洋争端的战略构想，中日两国企业是合作开发海洋的先锋，青岛市可以成为两国共同开发海洋的重要基地。 相似文献
9.
10.
南海油气资源综述及开发战略设想 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
南海是西北太平洋的边缘海之一,海底地形复杂,南、北宽而缓,东、西窄而陡,陆缘发育一系列沉积盆地。南海油气资源丰富,有"第二个波斯湾"之称。综合介绍了南海北部大陆架油气区,西沙、中沙远景区,深海区,礼乐-太平远景区和南海南部大陆架油气区的沉积盆地,并对这些沉积盆地的资源量和油气远景进行综述。按照对南海石油地质特征的认识,将海域分为油气生产区、远景区以及无远景区(深海区)三种类型。针对不同的区域,采取不同的开发战略设想。应该加速北部大陆架油气区这一海域油气资源的开发利用;西沙、中沙远景区经过地球物理勘探、区域研究,选准靶区,重点突破;在南沙海域,应遵循"主权属我,搁置争议,共同开发"的主张,调整战术,以我主动开发,代替对方单独开发,最好形成联合开发。 相似文献
11.
The analysis of the structure of the cryolithozone, facies, and thicknesses of the Quaternary sediments and the results of the physicochemical mathematical modeling of the modern shelf of the western part of the Laptev Sea support the influence of the Late Pleistocene glaciations on the heat conditions and the distribution of the permafrost in the area. A ～200-m thick glacier formed under aerial conditions from atmospheric precipitation represented the metamorphosed snow cover. According to the modeling, the long-living (from 60?50 to 10?4 ky) glacier reduced the thickness of the permafrost rocks in the reviewed shelf area for 280–360 m. The Holocene marine transgression additionally decreased the thickness from 50–140 m on the inner shelf to 220–350 m on the outer shelf. The modern submarine cryolithozone 450-0 m thick is wide-spread in the studied region from the coast to the shelf boundary (isobaths of 130–140 m), where it pinches out at a distance of ～380 km from the coast at a depth of ～250 m above the sea level. 相似文献
12.
We analyze the components of the carbon system of the Sevastopol bay waters and the balance of main sediment-forming substances
using the data of field investigations in 1998–2008. The interannual variations of total inorganic carbon and the equilibrium
partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the bay water are noted. An increase in the flux of carbon dioxide into the bay and
in the content of organic carbon in bottom sediments is revealed, and an explanation of this phenomenon is given. The priority
accumulation of organic carbon in the sediments of the bay is established. We assess the interannual variation in the relative
abundances of organic and inorganic carbon as an index of the carbon cycle stability. 相似文献
13.
We generalize and analyze the state of investigations of the influence of river waters on the hydrologic structure of the
Black Sea. Specific features of the water, regime and hydrography of rivers flowing into the sea, data on the discharge of
rivers, and intrayear and interyear variability of the discharge are presented. We discuss and analyze works studying the
transformation of river waters, routes of desalinized sea waters, and their influence on the thermohaline structure and dynamic
regime of the sea.
Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev 相似文献
14.
V. A. Ivanov S. P. Lyubartseva N. Mikhailova N. B. Shapiro 《Physical Oceanography》2001,11(6):509-524
We analyze the results of numerical calculations performed according to the three-dimensional interdisciplinary model of an
ecological system of the Black-Sea shelf zone near the estuary of the Danube. The complete system of equations of hydrothermodynamics
is solved together with transport equations of the advection-diffusion-reaction type used to describe the transformation of
a substance (nitrogen) between the components of the characteristic vectors of the ecosystem: plankton, detritus, and biogenic
elements (nitrates). We describe the distinctive features of the circumcontinental distribution of components obtained as
a result of numerical experiments and present arguments for the conclusion that the ecosystem of the Danube estuary water
area plays the role of a buffer zone between the press of the Danubian biogenic pollutions and the neighbouring areas of the
shelf zone and open sea.
Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev 相似文献
15.
Relationship between the path of the Kuroshio in the south of Japan and the path of the Kuroshio Extension in the east 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
A relationship between paths of the Kuroshio and Kuroshio Extension (KE) is investigated, using the satellite-derived altimetry
dataset of 1993–2008. When the Kuroshio takes the nearshore nonlarge meander path or typical large meander path and resultantly
goes through the deeper channel (about 2500 m) of the Izu-Ogasawara Ridge, the KE path adopts a relatively stable state with
the two quasi-stationary meanders. On the other hand, when the Kuroshio takes the offshore nonlarge meander path and then
passes over the shallower part of the Ridge (about 1000 m), the KE path tends to be convoluted, i.e., an unstable state. 相似文献
16.
Ten years of semistationary studies of the interaction of the ice cover and the coastal relief of the Kandalakhsa Gulf in the White Sea allowed us to reveal the peculiarities of these processes in the warm and cold years and the mechanisms of the origination of ice forms, including ice tents, which govern the character of the tidal flats. Three dynamic fast ice zones are distinguished by their geomorphological location, morphology, and ice dynamics. The dependence of the mechanisms and volumes of the enrichment of the fast ice in the sediments on the coastal zone??s relief was established. At the coast of the Kindo Peninsula (Velikaya Salma Strait), the ice mostly contains fine-sandy sediments. Coarser sediments, including boulders, are occasional and frozen into the ice at the contact of the fast ice and the bottom. At the expense of the ice??s spreading by 4?C6 times in the warm years and 2?C4 times in the cold years, several thousand tons of sediments mostly from the tidal flat??s surface (100?C700 m3 from 1 km of coast in the wide tidal flats and <50 m3 on the steep coasts) are delivered to the water area. 相似文献
17.
The methodology and the first results of the computations of the volumes, masses, and growth rates of the sedimentary body of the buried Black Sea basin are presented. Their temporal evolution reflects the regional paleogeodynamics, in particular, the reorientation of the vector of the relative movement of the Arabian and Eurasian lithospheric plates and the related intensification of their collision in the late Miocene-Pliocene. 相似文献
18.
E. L. Vinogradova 《Oceanology》2008,48(4):483-492
The spatiotemporal variability of the hydrochemical composition of the riverine runoff in nearmouth areas is presented using the example of selected rivers of the Arctic Basin. The temporal dynamics of the riverine nutrient runoff are mainly determined by the seasonal and interseasonal variations in the drainage basins. The spatial variations in the chemical composition of riverine waters in the near-mouth areas are mainly caused by the dynamics of the water flow and the river bed relief and, to a lesser degree, by biochemical processes. It is shown that the variations in the nutrient composition of the waters in near-mouth areas are comparable in magnitude to those at the river-sea geochemical barriers. 相似文献
19.
I. E. Timchenko A. A. Primalenny V. D. Yarin E. F. Vasechkina E. M. Igumnova 《Physical Oceanography》2001,11(4):367-378
We use many-year archival observations of hydrologic and hydrobiologic state of the Sea of Azov for the identification of
the structure of a model of its ecosystem. The ecosystem model, supplemented with expert estimates of bioresource consumption
(fish reserve), contamination level, and possible ecologic fines for violation of the sea natural state, is formalized by
the method of system dynamics. Hereat, the major part of influence functions is found in terms of observational data with
application of self-organization algorithms. We also present the results of simulated experiments with the model of the ecosystem,
which enable us to analyse scenarios of its behaviour under the influence of various external factors (wind, river discharge,
water exchange with the Black Sea, etc.).
Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev 相似文献
20.
Izvestiya, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics - Analysis of the temporal variations of the virtual heights of the sporadic E layer (h?ES) determined from ionograms with increased accuracy (1... 相似文献