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1.
中国陆壳及其沉积层和上陆壳的化学元素丰度 总被引：52，自引：4，他引：52
中国陆壳的平均厚度为４７ｋｍ。其上地壳厚３１ｋｍ，沉积层厚５ｋｍ。质量分别为：中国陆壳１２．４３７×１０＾１＾７ｔ，上陆壳８．００５×１０＾１＾７ｔ，沉积层１．１４６×１０＾１＾７ｔ。上陆壳／下陆壳的质量比例为１．８：１。根据２２４６个岩石化学全分析资料和微量元素平均含量初充资料，求出了中国陆壳及其沉积和上陆壳的化学元素丰度。１３种常量元素的丰度总和，占中国陆壳质量的９９．６％，其余大量微量元素仅 相似文献
2.
鹤岗矿区面积２５２ｋｍ＾２，有效井田面积为１００．２１ｋｍ＾２，含煤地层厚８００～１０００ｍ，共含煤４０层，含煤系数为４．３～９．３％，大于３．５ｍ的煤层占７５％，中厚煤层占１９．２％，其中可采煤层和局部可采煤层计３６层，总厚度为３８．６～８５．８ｍ，赋存深度均在１２００ｍ以内，煤炭资源量２５６５Ｍｔ，资源量密度为１０．１８Ｍｔ／ｋｍ＾２，煤层瓦斯含量为９．４～１５．５ｍ＾２／ｔ，平均为１３ｍ＾３ 相似文献
3.
韩城矿区煤层气赋存特征及开发前景 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
韩城矿区煤炭资源丰富，１５００ｍ以浅，１１００ｋｍ＾２范围内，有煤炭资源１００亿，钻孔瓦斯含量较高。根据有资料最高的２６．１４ｍｌ／ｇ（可燃物）。１９９４年提交了《韩城矿区煤层气赋存状况及远景评价》科研报告，获得煤层气资源量为２０８０亿ｍ＾３，资源丰度约２亿ｍ＾３／ｋｍ＾２。此报告上交后，得到叫局的重视，１９９５年煤田地质总局决定在韩城矿区进行了面抽放煤层气试验工作，同年１０月，第一口井开钻，现已 相似文献
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5.
大洋岩石圈和大陆岩石圈的元素丰度 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
根据大洋地壳、大陆地壳、上地幔和球岩石圈的元素丰度资料,本文初次分别求出大洋岩石圈和大陆岩石圈的元素丰度.可用作研究化学元素在洋圈或陆圈内各地区分布特征的地球化学背景值. 相似文献
6.
中国东部岩石圈根／去根作用与大陆“活化”──东亚型大陆动力学模式研究计划 总被引：95，自引：1，他引：95
本文提出东亚大陆动力学研究中的主要科学问题──为什么东部大陆会“活化”？基于近１０多年来研究获得的一个重要地质事实：印支期东部诸陆块拼合成统一大陆时岩石圈巨厚（≥１５０～２００ｋｍ），新生代以来岩石圈厚度只有６０～８０ｋｍ，指出岩石圈根与去根作用是东部大陆“活化”的根本原因，并提出５组具体的科学问题需要探索与研究。 相似文献
7.
中国大陆地壳和岩石圈化学成分模型可信吗? ——来自大地热流值的检验 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
大地热流值是大陆地壳和岩石圈U，Th,K丰度的直接约束；根据地球化学元素丰度值推算出的大地构造单元的区域地壳热流值，必定不能大于区域的平均热流值，根据700余个实测大地热流数据，对目前发表的中国大陆地壳和岩石圈的化学成分模型进行了检验，结果表明，多数模型不能满足大地热充约束，如黎彤等的关于中国大陆及其内部构造单元的地壳和岩石圈成分模型，倪守斌等提出的新疆北部地壳生热率模型，以及高山等提出的扬子地台北缘地壳成分模型，这些模型的U，Th,K丰度值不太可靠，其他强不相容元素的丰度值的可信程度亦值得怀疑，而迟清华，鄢明才提出的华北地台地壳成分模型和高山等建立的中国东部及华北地台和秦岭造山带的地壳成分模型通过了区域大地热流的检验。 相似文献
8.
长江上游地区滑坡分布特征及主要控制因素探讨 总被引：11，自引：2，他引：11
在长江上游地区１００ｋｍ＾２的范围内，共普查发现滑坡１７３６处，总体积１３３．９７亿ｍ＾３，滑坡平均密度１．３７个／ｋｍ＾２，平均面变形率１３３３．０３万ｍ＾３／１０００ｋｍ＾２，其中尤以水土保持重点治理区的三大片即陇南陕南片，金沙江下游片及长江三峡库区片分布最为密集，具有规模大，活动性高，危害严重的特点，且近年来活动频率和强度有进一不加剧的趋势，在控制滑坡分布主要因素中以地形地貌，地质构造，地层 相似文献
9.
戴长寿 《水文地质工程地质》1998,25(4):8-9,49
江苏沿海大陆岸线长９５３．９ｋｍ,海岸带面积约３．５万ｋｍ＾３,滩涂面积５０００ｋｍ＾２,而且每年向外海新增土地两万多亩,还拥有举世瞩目的辐射状海底沙脊群,海平面以上部分就有４００ｋｍ＾２,是江苏省宝贵的后备国土资源。沿海地区是江苏新的经济增长点。改革开放以来,沿海地区经济的发展,加之地表水体的污染逐年严重,对优质地下淡水的开采逐年增加,原有的地质环境受到破坏,出现了地下水位下降,地下淡水资源减少 相似文献
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11.
Element Abundances of China‘s Continental Crust and Its Sedimentary Layer and Upper Continental Crust 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
Li Tong 《中国地球化学学报》1995,14(1):26-32
China’s continental crust (CCC) has an average thickness of 47km, with the upper continental crust (CUCC) being 31 km and
the sedimentary layer(CSL) 5 km in thickness. The CCC, CUCC and CSL measure 12.437 × 10−17, 8.005 × 10−17 and 1.146 × 1017 metric tons in mass, respectively. The mass ratio of the upper continental crust to the lower one is 1.8:1. The element abundances
were calculated for the CCC, CUCC and CSL respectively in terms of the chemical compositions of 2246 samples of various types
and some complementary trace element data. The total abundance of 13 major elements accounts for 99.6% of the CCC mass while
the other minor elements only account for 0.4%. REE characteristics, the abundance ratios of element pairs and the amounts
of ore-forming elements are also discussed in the present paper. 相似文献
12.
中国大陆壳体的区域元素丰度 总被引：11，自引：2，他引：9
中国大陆壳体由华夏壳体、西域壳体和藏南壳体构成。本文给出这３个壳体的质量模型和元素丰度,并从成矿元素,热源元素和镧系元素方面讨论它们的区域丰度特征。结论认为,它们的地球化学背景是各不相同的。 相似文献
13.
Greenstone belts in the northern Murchison Terrane of the Yilgarn Craton contain an extensive suite of 2.9–3.0 Ga, porphyritic komatiites and komatiitic volcaniclastic rocks. These unusual Ti–rich Al–depleted komatiites have been sampled at Gabanintha and are characterised by higher incompatible‐element abundances than most suites of Barberton‐type Al–depleted komatiites. They form a petrogenetically related group with similar Ti– and incompatible‐element‐rich, Al–depleted porphyritic komatiites and komatiitic volcaniclastic rocks from Karasjok in Norway, Dachine in French Guiana and Steep Rock‐Lumby Lake in Canada (here called Karasjok‐type komatiites). Their Al–depletion results from magma generation at depths of >250 km in the presence of residual majorite‐garnet. The porphyritic textures and abundance of amygdales and volcaniclastic rocks typical of this type of komatiite are features of hydrous ultramafic magmas. The incompatible‐element‐rich ultramafic rocks from Dachine contain diamonds that were most likely picked up as parent magmas interacted with mantle lithosphere that had been hydrated and chemically modified. Consequently the interaction of Karasjok‐type komatiite magmas with thick, island arc or continental mantle lithosphere may have resulted in their elevated water and incompatible‐element contents. The occurrence of Karasjok‐type komatiite lavas and volcaniclastic rocks in the northern Murchison Terrane suggests that during the Late Archaean that terrane had a hydrated, metasomatised or subduction‐modified mantle lithosphere. 相似文献
14.
Tingdong Li 《地学前缘(英文版)》2010,1(1):45-56
<正>The lithospheric structure of China and its adjacent area is very complex and is marked by several prominent characteristics.Firstly,China's continental crust is thick in the west but thins to the east,and thick in the south but thins to the north.Secondly,the continental crust of the Qinghai—Tibet Plateau has an average thickness of 60—65 km with a maximum thickness of 80 km,whereas in eastern China the average thickness is 30—35 km,with a minimum thickness of only 5 km in the center of the South China Sea.The average thickness of continental crust in China is 47.6 km,which greatly exceeds the global average thickness of 39.2 km.Thirdly,as with the crust,the lithosphere of China and its adjacent areas shows a general pattern of thicker in the west and south,and thinner in the east and north.The lithosphere of the Qinghai—Tibet Plateau and northwestern China has an average thickness of 165 km, with a maximum thickness of 180—200 km in the central and eastern parts of the Tarim Basin,Pamir, and Changdu areas.In contrast,the vast areas to the east of the Da Hinggan Ling—Taihang—Wuling Mountains,including the marginal seas,are characterized by lithospheric thicknesses of only 50—85 km.Fourthly,in western China the lithosphere and asthenosphere behave as a "layered structure", reflecting their dynamic background of plate collision and convergence.The lithosphere and asthenosphere in eastern China display a "block mosaic structure",where the lithosphere is thin and the asthenosphere is very thick,a pattern reflecting the consequences of crustal extension and an upsurge of asthenospheric materials.The latter is responsible for a huge low velocity anomaly at a depth of 85—250 km beneath East Asia and the western Pacific Ocean.Finally,in China there is an age structure of "older in the upper layers and younger in the lower layers" between both the upper and lower crusts and between the crust and the lithospheric mantle. 相似文献
15.
Cigdem Saydam Eker Ferkan Sipahi Abdullah Kaygusuz 《Chemie der Erde / Geochemistry》2012,72(2):167-177
Trace elements and rare earth elements (REEs) of Lias-aged cherts in the Gumushane area were studied in order to understand their origin and depositional environment. Twenty three chert samples from five stratigraphic sections were analysed by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry, X-ray diffraction, and mineralogical investigation. Lias cherts in the study area are microcrystalline, cryptocrystalline quartz, and megaquartz depending on mineralogical content. Trace elements of the cherts were compared with PAAS, Co, Y, and Th had stronger depletions in the five sections, whereas V, Ni, Zr, Nb, and Hf had smaller depletions. The distribution of Zr, Hf, and Ta yields Zr/Hf, Zr/Ta and Hf/Ta ratios (25/645, 37/665, and 0.18/3, respectively) that differ from those of chondrites and average upper continental crust, suggesting that these elements are likely non-detrital but are sourced from seawater. Th/U ratios range from 0.04 to 0.45 and are lower than those of the upper continental crust (average: 3.9). Lias-aged cherts have low total REE abundances and stronger depletions in five sections of the PAAS and chondrite-normalised plots. The cherts are characterised by a positive Eu anomaly (average: 4.9) and LREE-enrichment (LaN/YbN = average: 3.5). In addition, about one-half of the cherts exhibit positive Ce anomaly (range: 0.25–2.58), chondritic Y/Ho values (range: 3.3–60), and low (La/Ce)N values (average: 1.8). REE and trace element abundance in Lias cherts indicate that these elements were likely derived from hydrothermal solutions, terrigenous sources, and seawater. The REE patterns of the cherts show that they were probably deposited close to a continental margin. 相似文献
16.
对中国大陆壳体的放射性生热元素丰度的大地热流检验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文作者据《中国大陆壳体的区域元素丰度》一文给出的壳体放射性生热元素铀、钍、钾的丰度，计算出中国大陆三个主要壳体的平均热流值，将其与实测大地热流平均值进行对比。结果表明计算值不满足实测大地热流值的约束，这意味着该文给出的铀、钍、钾的丰度值偏高。我们认为，根据区域地震剖面地震波速推断岩性，再利用出露地表的相应岩石的成分估计地壳或地幔放射性生热元素丰度的方法，缺乏十分可靠的理论或实验基础。同时该文给出的中国大陆壳体的其他强不相容元素的丰度值是否可靠也值得商榷。 相似文献
17.
《Journal of Asian Earth Sciences》2007,29(2-3):320-335
The ∼133 Ma volcanic rocks of Sangxiu Formation are distributed in the eastern part of the central Tethyan Himalaya and belong paleogeographically to the northeastern margin of Greater India. These volcanic rocks include alkaline basalts and felsic volcanic rocks. Major and trace element abundances and whole-rock isotopic data for selected samples of these volcanic rocks are used to infer their petrogenesis. Geochemically, the Sangxiu basalts are closely similar to the Emeishan high-Ti basalts. Major and trace element data and Sr–Nd isotopic compositions suggest that the Sangxiu basalts may have been derived from an OIB-type mantle source, with discernable contributions from subcontinental lithospheric mantle (SCLM). The basaltic magmas may have formed as a result of the infiltration of plume-derived melts into the base of the lithosphere in a continental rift setting. The Sangxiu felsic volcanic rocks share most of the geochemical features of A-type granite, and have Sr–Nd isotopic compositions which differ considerably from the Sangxiu basalts, suggesting that they originated from the anatexis of ensialic continental crust. The Sangxiu volcanic rocks may be considered as the consequence of an interaction between the Kerguelen hotspot and the lithosphere of the northeastern margin of Greater India at ∼133 Ma, and may represent the initial stage of the separation of Greater India from southwestern Australia. 相似文献
18.
WANG Yang 《大地构造与成矿学(英文版)》2001,25(1)
The petrological research on the ultra-high pressure metamorphism (UHP) of collisional orogen indicates that the upper-crustal rocks is subducted to depths exceeding 100 km,and returned to the surface rapidly.In this study,we investigate the thermal structure of collisional orogen as a slab of continental lithosphere being subducted beneath an overriding wedge of continental lithosphere by the 2-D finite element method.The advection heat transfer due to the accretion of orogenic wedge is considered. 相似文献