共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 46 毫秒
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《地球物理学进展》2015,(6)
反褶积是叠前地震数据处理中的重要环节,反褶积效果的好坏很大程度上依赖于地震子波的准确性.早期的反褶积处理大多数都是基于Robinson提出的平稳褶积模型,即地震子波是时不变的,但实际上由于地下介质的吸收衰减作用,地震子波是随时间不断变化的,这说明要进一步改善反褶积,使用时变的地震子波是必要的,因此本文提出了一种从地震资料中直接提取时变子波的方法.具体地,首先对单道地震数据做S变换求出其时频谱,进而得到其时变振幅谱,然后利用谱模拟技术从求得的地震记录振幅谱中拟合出每一时刻的子波振幅谱,在子波是零相位假设的前提下,拟合出的时变子波振幅谱即是所求频率域的时变子波,本文最后利用正演的单道地震记录和实际资料分别验证了所求频率域时变子波的准确性. 相似文献
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《应用地球物理》2019,(4)
叠前深度偏移的广泛应用产生了大量的深度域地震数据,提供了深度域地震处理的数据基础,并为探索直接基于深度域地震数据的储层弹性参数反演提供了可能性。由于深度域地震子波存在与速度密切相关的特征,直接提取深度域地震子波存在困难,本文将深度域速度变换与脊回归方法结合,实现了深度域地震子波的确定性提取,将提取的深度域常速地震子波构建成依赖速度的空变地震子波,基于加权叠加思想,提出了深度域地震记录合成方法。再结合非线性共轭梯度算法,建立了基于深度域地震数据和模型驱动的深度域叠前波阻抗反演流程,不再进行额外的时间域和深度域之间的数据转换。深度域合成地震数据与实际地震资料的叠前波阻抗反演取得了较好的结果,表明该方法是可行的。该方法可作为深度域正演分析和叠前弹性参数反演的基础方法,为深度域反演方法的稳定性、精度和效率的进一步研究创造了条件。 相似文献
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海上地震勘探中为提高采集效率会采取连续采集方案,导致地震记录尾端与下一炮起始记录重合,这种现象对浅层地震处理影响不大,但是会完全掩盖深层地震信号.由于混叠噪声与真实信号属于同方向及同震源采集,其频谱完全重叠,常规的噪声压制方法无法完全压制混叠噪声.本文提出了一种基于同相轴追踪的混叠记录分离方法,利用时域上混叠噪声与真实地震信号时距曲线的曲率差异得到混叠噪声的模型,再利用最小平方约束反演方法进行自适应相减,使有效信号误差最小,最终完成混叠炮集分离.通过理论分析与正演测试,混叠衰减的关键在于求取可靠的混叠模型,而自适应衰减则控制细微振幅与相位差异.通过对实际地震资料进行处理,并与F-K滤波方法进行了对比,证实了该方法的有效性. 相似文献
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针对地震数据标注困难,提出基于改进的条件对抗网络的自监督随机噪声压制方法.训练过程分为2步：(1)向合成地震记录混入随机噪声构造含噪声-纯净训练集,采用监督学习策略,通过改进的条件生成对抗网络学习地震数据的有效特征;(2)借助自监督损失函数,利用目标域实际数据对预训练模型进行微调.2步训练法利用了源域合成地震记录与目标域实际地震数据之间的相似性,将源域学习到的模型迁移到目标域,实现地震数据自适应盲去噪.理论模型和实际地震数据试算结果验证所提方法具有较好的应用效果. 相似文献
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西湖凹陷深层致密砂岩储层具有良好的勘探开发前景,受埋深影响,目的层地震资料品质较差.A构造通过斜缆宽频采集和处理获取宽频地震数据,提升了资料品质,然而应用常规子波提取方法对宽频数据进行子波提取并反演计算纵波阻抗,结果与井上实测数值差异较大,影响储层的定量解释.针对这一问题,提出统计性子波和确定性子波相结合的长短子波合并宽频子波提取方法,提取的宽频子波比常规子波低频丰富、旁瓣小,能更真实地反映地震信息,约束稀疏脉冲反演的纵波阻抗结果与测井曲线吻合度更高.基于宽频数据和常规数据分别进行约束稀疏脉冲弹性波阻抗反演,预测A构造优质储层分布,经已钻井证实,宽频数据比常规数据储层预测精度高,预测的储层展布特征与研究区地质沉积认识一致.结果表明:这种基于宽频子波提取的宽频资料应用方法有效降低了致密砂岩储层预测的多解性. 相似文献
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M. N. French R. L. Bras W. F. Krajewski 《Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment (SERRA)》1992,6(1):27-45
A procedure for short-term rainfall forecasting in real-time is developed and a study of the role of sampling on forecast ability is conducted. Ground level rainfall fields are forecasted using a stochastic space-time rainfall model in state-space form. Updating of the rainfall field in real-time is accomplished using a distributed parameter Kalman filter to optimally combine measurement information and forecast model estimates. The influence of sampling density on forecast accuracy is evaluated using a series of a simulated rainfall events generated with the same stochastic rainfall model. Sampling was conducted at five different network spatial densities. The results quantify the influence of sampling network density on real-time rainfall field forecasting. Statistical analyses of the rainfall field residuals illustrate improvement in one hour lead time forecasts at higher measurement densities. 相似文献
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《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2014,(4)
正This journal is established by the Institute of Engineering Mechanics(IEM),China Earthquake Administration,to promote scientific exchange between Chinese and foreign scientists and engineers so as to improve the theory and practice of earthquake hazards mitigation,preparedness,and recovery.To accomplish this purpose,the journal aims to attract a balanced number of papers between Chinese and 相似文献
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George W. Housner 《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2008,7(2):I0001-I0001
Destructive earthquakes have caused great damage in China and the United States and collapsing buildings havecaused many deaths and injuries. The field of earthquake engineering studies earthquake hazards, the occurrence ofearthquakes of various magnitudes, the nature of the ground shaking during an earthquake, the vibration of structuresduring earthquakes, the strengthening of existing structures and the design of new structures to be earthquake resistant,and finally, how to cope with earthquake damage and restore a city to normal functioning. Such efforts are in progressin both countries, but unfortunately, the language barrier interferes with the free flow of information between China andthe Untied States. It would be mutually beneficial if some means could be developed to promote the exchangeof information across the Pacific Ocean. This new journal has been established for this purpose and its success willbe an important step in promoting earthquake engineering in China and the United States. 相似文献
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《国际泥沙研究》2014,(4)
正President:Giampaolo Di Silvio,Italy Vice Presidents:Ulrich C.E.Zanke,Germany Zhao-yin Wang,China The World Association for Sedimentation and Erosion Research(WASER),inaugurated on Oct.19,2004,is an independent non-governmental,non-profit organization.The mission of WASER is to promote international co-operation on the study 相似文献
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JianCheng Shi 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2014,57(10):2281-2282
正Global Change includes climate change and other environmental changes caused by the joint interaction among various layers of Earth. From the positive side, global change provides new opportunities to human and other living forms on Earth. In the meantime, it creates tremendous challenges and negative impact. At present, the negative impacts have reached all primary processes of the global ecosystem and every aspect of human society, especially causing degradation of the ecosystem. For instance, intensive deforestation causes decline of biodiversity; global warming causes sea level rise and increases 相似文献
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Dissolved total carbohydrates (DTCH), dissolved free monosaccharides (DFMS), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), biodegradable DOC (BDOC), and humic substances (HS) were measured in White Clay Creek (WCC), a stream in southeastern Pennsylvania Piedmont, USA. Samples were collected over different seasons and under baseflow and stormflow conditions. DOC concentrations ranged from 1.0 to 12.8 mg/L C with the highest concentrations associated with stormflows. Carbohydrates ranged from 0.42 to 12.4 μM and accounted for 2.9 to 12.7% of the DOC. Humic substances represented the major DOC fraction, accounting for 55 to 72% of the DOC pool under all flow conditions. The humic fraction had a lower carbohydrate content (4.4%) than the non-humic fraction of DOC (7.2%). Stormflow DOC was enriched in carbohydrates relative to baseflow DOC, but the percentage of humic-C changed little. Carbohydrates were primarily present as dissolved polysaccharides (55%), but a significant fraction was bound to humic substances (40%), while a small proportion was present as monosaccharides (5%). The major monosaccharides in stream water, listed in order of decreasing concentration, included glucose, galactose, rhamnose, xylose, arabinose, mannose, and fucose. On average (30.6 ± 7.4)% (n = 44) of the stream water DOC was biodegradable, and carbohydrates accounted for 9.9 to 17.7% of the BDOC. 相似文献