共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 218 毫秒
1.
《广东海洋大学学报》2016,(6)
采用直接测序法研究凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)过氧化氢酶(CAT)基因的单核苷酸多态性(SNP),并分析得到的基因型与凡纳滨对虾低溶氧耐受性状的关联性,寻找与凡纳滨对虾耐低溶氧性状相关的SNP标记。结果显示:在CAT基因外显子1第155碱基处发现1个SNP位点,为A→G颠换,表现为同义突变。在凡纳滨对虾群体中该位点等位基因A和G的频率分别为0.146和0.854,多态信息含量PIC值为0.218,属于低度多态性,群体在该基因座上符合哈温(Hardy-Weinberg)平衡(P0.05)。关联分析表明,CAT基因SNP位点不同基因型与低溶氧耐受性状关联性有统计学意义(χ~2=9.277,P=0.002),其中AG型在应激耐受组中占优势地位(52.17%)。CAT基因多态性与凡纳滨对虾低溶氧耐受性相关,可作为影响凡纳滨对虾耐低溶氧性状的候选基因,为凡纳滨对虾选育提供分子遗传标记。 相似文献
2.
《广东海洋大学学报》2015,(4)
对凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)与点带石斑鱼(Epinephelus malabaricus)进行90 d的混养试验,研究点带石斑鱼混养密度、规格对凡纳滨对虾生长、成活率和产量的影响。结果表明,点带石斑鱼混养密度、规格均对凡纳滨对虾生长、成活率和平均产量的影响有统计学意义(P0.05)。在混养密度相同的条件下,混养小规格点带石斑鱼的凡纳滨对虾成活率比混养大规格点带石斑鱼提高15.1%~23.2%,平均产量比混养大规格点带石斑鱼提高19.0%~40.6%。随着点带石斑鱼混养密度增加,凡纳滨对虾成活率和平均产量呈下降趋势。小规格点带石斑鱼混养密度分别为0.4尾·m-2时,凡纳滨对虾成活率和平均产量最高,分别为66.25%%±7.24%、(1 181.0±101.8)kg,较单一养殖凡纳滨对虾成活率提高5.46%,平均产量提高16.2%;大规格点带石斑鱼混养密度为0.2尾·m-2时,凡纳滨对虾成活率和平均产量最高,分别为(52.04±6.11)%、(959.8±89.1)kg,但较单一养殖凡纳滨对虾成活率下降8.75%,平均产量下降5.88% 相似文献
3.
采用Operon公司的 16个引物对两批凡纳滨对虾亲虾的基因组DNA多态性进行了检测 ,结果表明 ,第一个亲本群体对 16个引物共检测到 78个位点 ,其中多态位点数为 4 8个 ,占 6 1.5 4% ;第二个亲本群体共获得 97个位点 ,其中多态位点数为 4 9个 ,占 5 0 .5 2 %。单个引物获得的标记数为 1～ 8个。第一个亲本群体个体间的平均遗传距离为 0 .196 0± 0 .0 392 ,第二个亲本群体个体间的平均遗传距离为 0 .0 92 2± 0 .0 189。两个亲本群体间的多态位点比例为 6 6 .98% ,遗传距离为0 345 5± 0 .0 795。在OPF 0 9、OPV 19、OPZ 113个引物的扩增结果中 ,发现两个亲本群体有明显差异。 相似文献
4.
【目的】建立快速检测凡纳滨对虾野田村病毒的RT-PCR方法。【方法】根据GenBank中获得的凡纳滨对虾野田村病毒的基因序列,应用Oligo6.0软件设计合成1对特异性扩增引物,对反应条件和反应体系进行优化,建立快速检测凡纳滨对虾野田村病毒的RT-PCR方法。用该方法对感染野田村病毒的凡纳滨对虾进行RT-PCR检测。【结果】RT-PCR可扩增出与设计相符的413 bp的特异性目的条带,而对白斑症病毒(WSSV)阳性虾、对虾杆状病毒(BP)阳性虾、传染性皮下及造血器官坏死病毒(IHHNV)阳性虾、肝胰腺细小病毒(HPV)阳性虾、黄头病毒(YHV)阳性虾、传染性肌肉坏死病毒(IMNV)阳性虾、桃拉病毒(TSV)阳性虾和健康虾的扩增结果均为阴性。测序比对结果表明,该方法检测结果准确,最低可检测出约100 fg/mL的野田村病毒重组质粒DNA;用该方法对从福建、广东、海南、广西、江苏、浙江、山东等地的386份临床样品进行RT-PCR检测,共检出野田村病毒阳性样品64份。【结论】该方法可用于凡纳滨对虾野田村病毒的快速检测。 相似文献
5.
用6.0×104拷贝、1.2×104拷贝和6.0×103拷贝3种剂量白斑综合症病毒(WSSV)对凡纳滨对虾和斑节对虾进行人工注射感染,比较了两种对虾对WSSV敏感性的差异。结果表明,凡纳滨对虾死亡时间随病毒剂量降低而延长,斑节对虾死亡时间没有明显差异;随病毒剂量的降低,凡纳滨对虾人工注射感染后病毒复制高峰时间显著延长,斑节对虾感染后病毒复制高峰时间相同,WSSV在凡纳滨对虾体内比在斑节对虾体内复制慢。对虾携带WSSV数量最低为3.3×107拷贝.g-1,最高为4.3×108拷贝.g-1。凡纳滨对虾比斑节对虾对WSSV的抵抗性更强。 相似文献
6.
虾类微量元素含量的主成分分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
应用主成分分析法对湛江几种养殖对虾和海捕天然对虾的微量元素的含量进行综合评价。结果表明:虾体中微量元素含量均衡;综合排名依次为野生斑节对虾、野生凡纳滨对虾、养殖斑节对虾、养殖凡纳滨对虾,两种野生对虾的综合排名均高于养殖对虾;野生斑节对虾综合得分为1.6708,微量元素含量最均衡,营养价值最高,养殖凡纳滨对虾营养价值最低,综合得分为-1.20943。 相似文献
7.
凡纳滨对虾4个选育群体遗传多样性的SSR分析 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
采用9对微卫星引物分析了凡纳滨对虾4个选育群体(Molokai、OI、SIS和Kona Bay)的遗传多样性。结果表明:9对微卫星引物共检测到32个等位基因,每个位点等位基因数2～7个,平均3.555 6个,平均有效等位基因数2.472 7;各位点的观测杂合度(Ho)0.026 0～0.623 4,期望杂合度(He)0.263 1～0.785 5;各群体平均观测杂合度从小到大依次为SIS(0.383 3)相似文献
8.
《广东海洋大学学报》2015,(6)
从患病凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)体内提取白斑综合征病毒(WSSV),PCR证实WSSV毒性,将病毒粗提液稀释10-2、10-3、10-4和10-5倍,攻毒实验表明,最佳攻毒剂量为10-4倍稀释液。对凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)分别注射0.05、0.10、0.15 mg/m L的溶藻弧菌(Vibrio alginolyticus)肽聚糖,免疫24 h后感染WSSV,测定其免疫保护率和肝胰腺的免疫学指标,探讨溶藻弧菌肽聚糖对凡纳滨对虾抗WSSV的影响。结果表明:对虾的保护率随着肽聚糖的浓度增大而增大,与对照组相比,0.05、0.10、0.15 mg/m L组的保护率分别为36.67%、46.67%、56.67%;实验组凡纳滨对虾肝胰腺中的酸性磷酸酶(ACP)、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和一氧化氮合成酶(NOS)活力与对照组相比的差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。溶藻弧菌肽聚糖可有效增强凡纳滨对虾自身的非特殊性免疫能力,提高抗WSSV的能力。 相似文献
9.
《广东海洋大学学报》2017,(4)
在基础饲料中分别添加质量分数0(对照)和0.30%的酵母培养物,配制2种等氮等脂饲料(分别记为Y0、Y0.3组),投喂初始体质量为(1.20±0.01)g的凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)56 d。提取凡纳滨对虾肠道总DNA,采用Illumina Mi Seq高通量测序比较样品菌群组成和多样性,研究饲料中添加酵母培养物对凡纳滨对虾肠道菌群结构的影响。结果表明,Y0.3组对虾肠道分类单元(OTUs)数量、丰富度指数(Chao1、ACE值)、多样性指数(Shannon、np Shannon指数)与Y0组差异无统计学意义(P0.05);从物种分类树发现,两组的主要细菌类群均为变形菌门(Proteobacteria),其中,γ-变形菌纲是对虾肠道的最主要菌群,所占比例达69.48%;从科分类水平看,Y0.3组对虾肠道菌群链球菌科(Streptococcaceae)比Y0组提高4.98%;从优势属水平来看,Y0.3组对虾肠道的乳球菌属(Lactococcus)高于Y0组,差异有统计学意义(P0.01);Y0.3组对虾肠道的发光杆菌属(Photobacterium)低于Y0组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。饲料中添加质量分数0.30%酵母培养物可改善凡纳滨对虾肠道菌群多样性。 相似文献
10.
《广东海洋大学学报》2016,(4)
根据Gen Bank中对虾肠道上皮细胞微胞子虫(Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei,EHP)的基因保守序列,设计一对特异性引物,通过优化PCR扩增条件,建立快速检测凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)EHP的PCR方法。用该方法对EHP阳性虾进行PCR扩增,得到与实验设计相符的330 bp特异性扩增条带,而对白斑综合症病毒(WSSV)、桃拉病毒(TSV)、传染性皮下及造血器官坏死病毒(IHHNV)、对虾杆状病毒(BP)、"棉花虾"微孢子虫、黏孢子虫的阳性虾,以及健康虾的扩增结果为阴性。测序比对发现,PCR产物序列与Gen Bank EHP基因序列的同源性为99.8%,表明该PCR方法检测结果准确。敏感性试验表明,该方法最低可检测出约100 fg的EHP质粒DNA。用该PCR方法检测广东、广西、江苏、山东、海南等地的755份临床样品,共检出阳性样品21份。该PCR方法可用于凡纳滨对虾EHP的快速检测。 相似文献
11.
近江牡蛎两个野生种群的遗传多样性分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用RAPD分子标记和rDNA-ITS1序列分析了近江牡蛎Crassostrea rivularis湛江官渡和阳江程村野生种群的遗传多样性。12个RAPD引物共扩增出8838条片段,157个位点,平均每个引物可产生13个位点,片段长度在200～2200bp之间。湛江种群和阳江种群的多态位点比例分别为89.62%和89.57%,遗传多样性指数分别为0.4170和0.4334。种群间平均遗传距离为0.0327,平均遗传相似性为0.9681,平均遗传分化系数为0.0437。得到近江牡蛎18S、5.8S部分序列和ITS1全部序列,其中ITS1序列片段长度为478～485bp,共有11个变异位点,两个为转换(A/G),其他为插入/缺失(A/-、T/-)。湛江和阳江种群各获得8个单倍型,其中有一个单倍型为两个种群共享。两个种群的CG碱基平均含量较高,分别为58.29%和58.41%。种群间的遗传分化系数0.0254。结果说明,近江牡蛎湛江种群和阳江种群间具有较高的遗传多样性和较低的遗传分化。 相似文献
12.
Genetic diversity analysis with ISSR PCR on green algae Chlorella vulgaris and Chlorella pyrenoidosa
沈颂东 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2008,26(4)
In the present study, genetic polymorphism and diversity in unicellular clones of Chlorella vulgaris Beijerinck and Chlorella pyrenoidosa Chick were studied with Inter Simple Sequence Repeats PCR (ISSR PCR). Samples including four clones of C. vulgaris and three clones of C. pyrenoidosa were purified by single-clone-choice method. For four C. vulgaris unicellular clones, the total number of the bands scored for 18 primers was 298; and the number of the polymorphic bands was 118, of which 39.6% were polymorphic. The size of PCR products ranged from 200 to 2 500 bp. The total number of bands scored for 18 primers, the number of polymorphic bands and the percentage of three C. pyrenoidosa unicellular clones was 194.83 and 30.8%, respectively. POPGENE analysis show that the average Nei genetic diversity (h *) and Shannon index of diversity (I *) in the four C. vulgaris unicellular clones was 0.2181 and 0.3208, respectively, which is slightly higher than those of the three C. pyrenoidosa unicellular clones (0.190 3 and 0.274 8), which agreed with the percentage of polymorphic bands in the mixed samples of the two species. The results suggest that ISSR is a useful method to Chlorella for intra-species genetic analysis. 相似文献
13.
粤西镇海湾近江牡蛎线粒体16S rRNA基因序列变异分析 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
采用聚合酶链式反应 (PCR)技术对粤西镇海湾水域的近江牡蛎Crassostrearivularis(Gould)群体 2 7个个体的线粒体DNA16SrRNA基因序列片段进行扩增 ,获得大约 5 0 0bp的扩增产物。PCR产物经纯化后进行序列测定 ,经ClustalX同源排序 ,除去引物及部分端部序列 ,得到4 14bp的核苷酸片段。 2 7个个体共检测到 2个变异位点 ,均为颠换位点 ,没发现碱基位点插入、缺失及转换位点 ,共 3种单倍型 ,每个单倍型只有一个碱基的差异。运用DNASP软件计算得该群体的核苷酸多样性和平均核苷酸差异数分别为 0 .0 0 0 36和 0 .14 815。此结果提示镇海湾近江牡蛎群体遗传多样性已很低 ,很有必要从其他分布区引进近江牡蛎亲贝来扩大该种群的遗传多样性 相似文献
14.
沈颂东 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2008,26(4):380-384
In the present study, genetic polymorphism and diversity in unicellular clones of Chlorella vulgaris Beijerinck and Chlorella pyrenoidosa Chick were studied with Inter Simple Sequence Repeats PCR （ISSR PCR）. Samples including four clones of C. vulgaris and three clones of C. pyrenoidosa were purified by single-clone-choice method. For four C. vulgaris unicellular clones, the total number of the bands scored for 18 primers was 298; and the number of the polymorphic bands was 118, of which 39.6% were polymorphic. The size of PCR products ranged from 200 to 2 500 bp. The total number of bands scored for 18 primers, the number of polymorphic bands and the percentage of three C. pyrenoidosa unicellular clones was 194.83 and 30.8%, respectively. POPGENE analysis show that the average Nei genetic diversity （h^＊） and Shannon index of diversity （I^＊） in the four C. vulgaris unicellular clones was 0.2181 and 0.3208, respectively, which is slightly higher than those of the three C. pyrenoidosa unicellular clones （0.190 3 and 0.274 8）, which agreed with the percentage of polymorphic bands in the mixed samples of the two species. The results suggest that ISSR is a useful method to Chlorella for intra-species genetic analysis. 相似文献
15.
To evaluate the relationship between salinity tolerance and genetic diversity of plankton, we collected a wild species of
plankton from Taipingjiao, Qingdao. The fragment of ITS1-5.8S rDNA-ITS2 was extracted and sequenced. The results showed that
the plankton belongs to Oxyrrhis marina. The salinity tolerance of O. marina ranges from 4 to 60. Seven selected groups were built up to evaluate salinity tolerance and to assess genetic diversity by
RAPD. The salinity tolerance comparison revealed considerable differences among groups: the strains of O. marina in group 4 could survive under salinity from 4 to 32, while the strains selected for salinity 60 died under the salinity
lower than 16. Analysis of genetic diversity of the seven groups showed that the mean genetic diversity index value was 0.28,
but it was only 0.16 in selected group of 4 and was 0.24 for group 60. The result of AMOVA suggested a significantly positive
relationship between the salinity tolerance and genetic diversity of O. marina (P<0.01). This study indicates that consideration of intraspecific genetic divergence in O. marina might be indispensable when using it as a model in the study of salinity tolerance of wild plankton. 相似文献
16.
军曹鱼全人工繁殖群体遗传特征的SSR分析 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
利用8个微卫星DNA位点分析南海海域5个军曹鱼全人工繁育群体(HN1、HN2、ZJ、FJ和LS)子代的遗传多样性特征和群体间遗传分化。结果显示,军曹鱼养殖群体与天然群体的遗传结构特征基本一致:1)平均有效等位基因数为3.910±0.440,观测杂合度为0.595±0.049,分子方差分析(AMOVA)表明,个体内分化占主导(46%),军曹鱼养殖群体整体遗传多样性较高;2)群体间基因流明显(N_m=2.5959,F_(st)=0.0878),整体分化程度较低。各养殖群体表现出不同于天然大群体的特征:1)绝大部分位点均明显偏离哈温平衡,杂合子缺失或过剩现象普遍存在;2)聚类和群体分配分析等表明HN2与另四个养殖群体(HN1、ZJ、FJ和LS)分化明显。 相似文献
17.
应用AFLP方法,从64对引物中筛选出5对用于分析胡子鲇(Claris fuscus)厦门(XM)、江门(JM)、玉林(YL)等3个养殖群体共90个个体群体内、群体间遗传多样性。扩增共得到289条清晰谱带,引物多态性介于47.8%～63.8%,平均多态性比率为56.4%。胡子鲇群体总遗传杂合度(Ht)、遗传分化系数(Hs)、遗传分化度(Gst)和基因流(Nm)分别为0.161 1、0.153 6、0.051 1和8.501 8,表明胡子鲇多态性处于中等偏下水平,群体内部遗传分化系数较高,三个群体间无较大分化,群体间基因流动较好。其中,JM群体多态性比率、有效等位基因数Ne、Nei’s指数和Shannon指数都较XM群体和YL群体高,种内分化程度较好。对群体进行两两比较发现,XM群体和YL群体间分化程度最大,XM群体和JM群体次之,JM群体和YL群体最小。基于杂交优势,推断XM和YL群体繁殖所产生的后代将具有比亲代更为优良的性状。 相似文献
18.
Extremely large accumulation of green algae Enteromorpha prolifera floated along China’coastal region of the Yellow Sea ever since the summer of 2008.Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) analysis was applied to assess the genetic diversity and relationships among E. prolifera samples collected from 9 affected areas of the Yellow Sea.Two hundred reproducible fragments were generated with 8 AFLP primer combinations,of which 194 (97%) were polymorphic. The average Nei’s genetic diversity, the coefficiency of genetic differentiation (Gst), and the average gene flow estimated from Gst in the 9 populations were 0.4018, 0.6404 and 0.2807 respectively. Cluster analysis based on the unweighed pair group method with arithmetic averages (UPGMA) showed that the genetic relationships within one population or among different populations were all related to their collecting locations and sampling time. Large genetic differentiation was detected among the populations.The E. prolifera originated from different areas and were undergoing a course of mixing. 相似文献
19.
Antonio LUPINI Meriem Miyassa ACI Antonio MAUCERI Giuseppe LUZZI Silvio BAGNATO Giuliano MENGUZZATO Francesco MERCATI Francesco SUNSERI 《山地科学学报》2019,(5)
In the framework of forest resources conservation, this study aims to understand the dynamic and the genetic structure of sessile oak forests in Calabria, Italy. Two old populations of sessile oak(Quercus petraea(Mattuschka) Liebl.) from two areas of Sila and Aspromonte massifs in Calabria were analyzed for genetic diversity and population structure based on 6 nuclear simple sequence repeat(nSSR) and 4 chloroplastic SSR(cpSSR) loci. The populations displayed high amount of genetic diversity, which was toughly structured according to their geographical origins. Number of alleles at SSR loci ranged from 11 to 20 with an average of 13.5 per locus. Gene diversity(expected heterozygosity, He) estimates ranged from 0.575 to 0.834 with a mean of 0.749. The observed heterozygosity(Ho) was on average 0.458 ranging from 0.150 to 0.682. Polymorphism information content(PIC) values ranged from 0.625 to 0.865 with an average of 0.787. The analysis of molecular variance(AMOVA) highlighted a significant higher estimated variance within populations compared to among populations. Finally, the analysis of haplotypes by using cpSSR suggested a higher diversification in the population from Sila. Hierarchical clustering analysis grouped the genotypes into two major clusters, which agreed with the geographic origin of populations, and was confirmed by the Discriminant Analysis of Principal Components(DAPC). The first cluster included plants/population from Sila massif, while the second encompassed mostly plants/population sampled in Aspromonte massif. Finally, model-based clustering by STRUCTURE analysis also supported the presence of clear genetic structuring in the collection with two major populations(K=2) supported to PCoA analysis as well. Finally, our data indicated the Aspromonte population as a marginal forest with fragmented distribution suggesting different strategies of preservation than in Sila massif. 相似文献
20.
采用RAPD技术分析了湛江近海紫红笛鲷 (LutjanusargentimaculatusForsk l)的遗传多样性。从 12 0个随机引物中筛选出了 14个引物。 14个引物共检测到 173个位点 ,其中多态位点比例 (P)为 6 8.79%,遗传距离 (D)为 0 .2 2 2 8,遗传多样性指数 (H)为 0 .190 4。结果表明 ,目前湛江近海的紫红笛鲷自然群体的遗传多样性仍然维持在良好水平 ,捕捞尚未对其造成明显影响。 相似文献