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1.
K. N. Rao K. Narendra P. S. Latha 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2010,38(2):255-267
Runoff is one of the important hydrologic variables used in most of the water resources applications. The Soil Conservation
Service-Curve Number (SCS-CN) method is adopted for the estimation of surface runoff in the Mehadrigedda watershed area, Visakhapatnam
district, India using multispectral remote sensing data, curve number approach and normal rainfall data. The main source of
water in the Mehadrigedda watershed area is by rain, most of it drains off and only a little percolates into ground. The weighted
curve number is determined based on antecedent moisture condition (AMC)-II with an integration of hydrologic soil groups (HSGs)
and land use/land cover LULC categories. An integrated approach is applied to delineate the land use/land cover information
as adopted from NRSA classification. The recording of daily rainfall data during the years 1997–2006 is collected from Indian
Meteorological Department (IMD) rainguage center at Kottavalasa. It is observed that the annual rainfall-runoff relationship
during 1997–2006, which is indicating that the overall increase in runoff with the rainfall of the watershed area. Integration
of remote sensing (RS) and geographical infomation system (GIS) techniques provide reliable, accurate and up-to-date information
on land and water resources. 相似文献
2.
V. M. Chowdary Yatindranath S. Kar S. Adiga 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2004,32(1):59-73
Assessment of the environmental impact of Non Point Source (NPS) pollutants on a global, regional and localized scale is the
key component for achieving sustainability of agriculture as well as preserving the environment. The knowledge and information
required to address the problem of assessing the impact of NPS pollutants like Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P), etc., on the
environment crosses several sub-disciplines like remote sensing, Geographical Information System (GIS), hydrology and soil
science. The remote sensing data, by virtue of its potential like synopticity, multi-spectral and multi-temporal capability,
computer compatibility, besides providing almost real time information, has enhanced the scope of automation of mapping dynamic
elements, such as land use/land cover, degradation profile and computing the priority categorisation of sub-watersheds. The
present study demonstrates the application of remote sensing, GIS and distributed parameter model Agricultural Non-Point Source
Pollution Model (AGNPS) in the assessment of hazardous non-point source pollution in a watershed. The ARC-INFO GIS and remote
sensing provided the input data to support modelling, while the AGNPS model predicted runoff, sediment and pollutant (N and
P) transport within a watershed. The integrated system is used to evaluate the sediment pollution in about 2700 ha Karso watershed
located in Hazaribagh area of Jharkhand State, India. The predicted values of runoff and sediment yield copared reasonably
well with the measured values. It is important to emphasize that this study is not intended to characterise, in an exhaustive
manner. Instead, the goal is to illustrate the implications and potential advantages of GIS and remote sensing based Hydrology
and Water quality (H/WQ) modelling framework. 相似文献
3.
AbstractRiver basin assessment is crucial for water management and to address the watershed issues. So, an integrated river basin management and assessment model using morphometric assessment, remote sensing, GIS and SWAT model was envisaged and applied to Kaddam river basin, Telangana state, India. Morphometric results showed high drainage density ranging from 2.19 to 5.5?km2/km, with elongated fan shape having elongation ratio of 0.60–0.75 with sparse vegetation and high relief. Land use change assessment showed that 265.26?km2 of forest land is converted into irrigated land and has increased sediment yields in watersheds. The calibration (r 2?=?0.74, NSE?=?0.84) and validation (r 2?=?0.72, NSE?=?0.84) of SWAT model showed that simulated and observed results were in agreement and in recommended ranges. The SWAT simulations were used to compute mean annual water and sediment yield from 1997 to 2012, along with morphometric results to categorize critical watersheds and conservation structures were proposed accordingly. 相似文献
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5.
A K Chakraborti 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》1993,21(2):87-97
‘Watershed Management’ has assumed urgency for planned development of land and water resources and to arrest land degradation process to preserve environment and ecological balance. Decision support to such management planning requires scientific knowledge of resources information, expected runoff and sediment yield, priority classification of watersheds for conservation planning, monitoring of watershed for environmental impact assessment and technologies of GIS for data base creation, scenario development and appropriate decision making. Remote sensing technique is ideally suited to evolve such a management strategy. Scientific basis of this approach is explained. 相似文献
6.
近年来,随着遥感技术的不断发展,利用遥感技术开展土地覆盖信息的提取工作已经变得越来越普遍。本文主要利用遥感技术进行土地覆盖信息的提取,为后续土地信息的分析调查提供了有利的数据。此次研究选取了渝西地区作为研究区,使用TM／ETM遥感图像作为基础数据。在提取覆盖信息之前,首先,采用遥感图像处理技术,对研究区进行了图像预处理;接着,对研究区四种地类进行采样处理,利用得到的采样数据,对研究区的遥感图像进行了光谱分析;最后,进行监督分类得到覆盖信息的明显特征,可以看出建筑用地在明显增多。并对分类结果进行精度评价,得到最后结论,可以看出每一时期的总分类精度都在85％以上,符合分类要求。 相似文献
7.
This study integrates the RUSLE, remote sensing and GIS to assess soil loss and identify sensitive areas to soil erosion in the Nilufer creek watershed in Bursa province, Turkey. The annual average soil loss was generated separately for years 1984 and 2011, in order to expose possible soil loss differences occurred in 27 years. In addition, sediment accumulation and sediment yield of the studied watershed was also predicted and discussed. The results indicated that very severe erosion risk areas in 1984 was 13.4% of the area, but it was increased to 15.3% by the year 2011, which needs immediate attention from soil conservation point of view. Furthermore, the estimated annual sediment yield of the Nilufer creek watershed was increased from 903 to 979 Mg km?2 y?1 in 27 years period. The study also provides useful information for decision-makers and planners to take appropriate land management practices in the area. 相似文献
8.
Prioritization of sub-watersheds based on morphometric and land use analysis using remote sensing and GIS techniques 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Akram Javed Mohd Yousuf Khanday Rizwan Ahmed 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2009,37(2):261-274
Watershed prioritization has gained importance in natural resources management, especially in the context of watershed management.
Morphometric analysis has been commonly applied to prioritization of watersheds. The present study makes an attempt to prioritize
sub-watersheds based on morphometric and land use characteristics using remote sensing and GIS techniques in Kanera watershed
of Guna district, Madhya Pradesh. Various morphometric parameters, namely linear and shape have been determined for each sub-watershed
and assigned ranks on the basis of value/relationship so as to arrive at a computed value for a final ranking of the sub-watersheds.
Land use/land cover change analysis of the sub-watersheds has been carried out using multi-temporal data of IRS LISS II of
1989 and IRS LISS III of 2001. The study demonstrates the significant land use changes especially in cultivated lands, open
scrub, open forest, water bodies and wastelands from 1989 to 2001. Based on morphometric and land use/land cover analysis,
the sub-watersheds have been classified into three categories as high, medium and low in terms of priority for conservation
and management of natural resources. Out of the seven sub-watersheds, two sub-watersheds viz., SW1 and SW6 qualify for high
priority, whereas SW7 has been categorised as medium priority based on the integration of morphometric and land use change
analysis. 相似文献
9.
P S Dhinwa S K Pathan S V C Sastry Mukund Rao K L Majumder M L Chotani J Premnath Singh R L P Sinha 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》1992,20(4):237-250
Knowledge on area and distribution of land uses plays an important role in district planning. An attempt has been made here to study existing land use pattern and changes in the land use pattern of Bharatpur district. Multi-date remote sensing data (1986 and 1989) has been used for the purpose. Seventeen land use maps on 1∶50,000 scale were prepared. ARC/INFO GIS package has been employed for the land use analysis. GIS package has also been used to relate the land use information to the villages and arrive at tentative comparison of land use as is reported in Census and as obtained from the remote sensing. Major findings in land use pattern of Bharatpur district are a) that the land use pattern in Bharatpur district is not similar to that of general land use pattern prevalent in Rajasthan State as a whole, b) Agriculture is the predominant user of land occupying about 75 percent of the reporting area, c) Forest cover in the district is not very significant and it has been depleted from 5.6 percent to 3.1 percent, d) the area under pastures and tree crops is also negligible and e) Area under waste land (eroded land, undulating terrain with or without scrub and rock out crops has been increased from 6.34 percent to 7.89 percent. The area under salt affected land, sandy area and water logged area has been decreased from 6.83 percent to 2.09 percent. 相似文献
10.
农牧交错地带地类复杂,混合像元现象严重,湿地信息的自动提取难度较大.针对该区湿地遥感信息提取的特点和难点,选取多伦县大仓乡地区的TM遥感数据,先采用NDVI阈值提取出水体,并利用水体形状特征(如面积s、周长p、形状指数k等)对水体类型进行提取;再尝试应用线性光谱混合模型( LSMM)提取去除水体后的湿地信息,并以SPO... 相似文献
11.
K. H. V. Durga Rao Ambesh Kumar Singh P. S. Roy 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2009,37(3):433-441
The scope of this research was to study lake morphology using spatial simulation technique, to develop revised elevation-capacity
curve, to develop elevation-water spread area curve, to study the relation between suspended sediment and remote sensing satellite
data, and to estimate suspended sediment load in the lake using a Geographic Information System coupled with ground truth.
The study area was the Bhopal Upper Lake, which has been classified as one of the major wetlands in India by the Ministry
of Water Resources, India. A precise digital elevation model was created using 0.5 meter interval contour information collected
from bathometric surveys. Water-spread areas at different water levels were simulated spatially in a Geographic Information
System (GIS) through the neighbourhood connectivity operator. Revised elevation-capacity curve and elevation-area curve of
the lake were prepared using the simulated results. Simulated water spread area at full tank level (FTL) was compared with
the actual water spread area delineated using remote sensing data. Water samples at different locations of the lake were collected
and located using the Global Positioning System (GPS) instrument. These samples were analysed in the laboratory for suspended
sediment concentration. Different image processing techniques were applied to LANDSAT 5 TM satellite digital data (except
thermal band). Correlation between radiance values of band 2 and suspended sediments was established and a positive linear
equation was found to fit the data best. Spatial distribution of suspended sediment load was estimated using the developed
regression equation and band 2 radiance image of the complete lake. Total suspended sediment load and loss of capacity at
full tank level were computed. 相似文献
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13.
XianWen Ding XiaoFeng Li 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2011
As an active microwave remote sensing sensor, synthetic aperture radar (SAR) can image the Earth surface with high spatial resolution in both day and night under all weather conditions. In this paper, a digital image processing technique was implemented to extract water area information from SAR images and the result is used to monitor the water area variation of Lake Dongting, the second largest freshwater lake in China. 8-year time series of European Space Agency's ENVISAT ASAR (Advanced Synthetic Aperture Radar) images acquired between 2002 and 2009 were obtained and a land-water classification scheme was implemented. Using independent in situ water level data measured at a lake-side hydrologic station during study period, we derived the relationship between water level and water area of Lake Dongting. The results show that, (1) during dry seasons, the water area is 518 km2 larger than that in the 1990s reported by Yangtze BHYRWRC (Bureau of Hydrology and Yangtze River Water Resources Commission), 2000; (2) the water area of Lake Dongting increased significantly in the 2000s after the Chinese Government's “return land to lake” policy took effect in 1998; (3) the water level of Lake Dongting could be low during a rainy season due to drought; but could be high in a dry season due to discharges from the upstream Three Gorges Dam. In addition, the relationship between water storage change and water area/level change is obtained. 相似文献
14.
Integrated approach of using remote sensing and GIS to study watershed prioritization and productivity 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Soil data obtained from soil resource inventory, land and climate were derived from the remote sensing satellite data (Landsat
TM, bands 1 to 7) and were integrated in GIS environment to obtain the soil erosion loss using USLE model for the watershed
area. The priorities of different sub-watershed areas for soil conservation measures were identified. Land productivity index
was also used as a measure for land evaluation. Different soil and land attribute maps were generated in GIS, and R,K,LS,C
and P factor maps were derived. By integrating these soil erosion map was generated. The mapping units, found not suitable
for agriculture production, were delineated and mapped as non-arable land. The area suitable for agricultural production was
carved out for imparting the productivity analysis; the land suitable for raising agricultural crops was delineated into different
mapping units as productivity ratings good, fair, moderate and poor. The analysis performed using remote sensing and GIS helped
to generate the attribute maps with more accuracy and the ability of integrating these in GIS environment provided the ease
to get the required kind of analysis. Conventional methods of land evaluation procedures in terms of either soil erosion or
productivity are found not comparable with the out put generated by using remote sensing and GIS as the limitations in generating
the attribute maps and their integration. The results obtained in this case study show the use of different kinds of data
derived from different sources in land evaluation appraisals. 相似文献
15.
悬浮泥沙是湖泊水体的重要水质要素之一,是湖泊水生态系统重要影响因子。利用遥感提取的鄱阳湖底质类型数据,对各类型底质区域上泥沙模型参数进行敏感性分析,基于2011年实测的不同底质区上泥沙浓度数据率定得到空间上不一致的泥沙模型参数,从而建立鄱阳湖丰水期二维悬浮泥沙输运模型。利用该模型模拟预测2013年丰水期悬浮泥沙输移过程,实测泥沙数据验证表明,模拟悬浮泥沙均方根误差为19.8 mg/L,相关系数R2为0.78,该模型能够较好地进行悬浮泥沙模拟预测。对比模型模拟和遥感反演的悬浮泥沙空间分布,两者具有较好的空间一致性,进一步表明该模型能够可靠地模拟预测鄱阳湖悬浮泥沙的时空动态变化。本研究充分利用遥感数据辅助建立鄱阳湖泥沙输移模型,为湖泊水环境动态变化监测提供有力的技术方法支撑,为进一步进行鄱阳湖水环境动态变化的数值模拟预测研究提供基础。 相似文献
16.
遥感和GIS技术应用于伊拉克南部Basrah省土地利用/覆盖变化及城市扩张研究(英文) 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
In recent years, land use/cover dynamic change has become a key subject that needs to be dealt with in the study of global
environmental change. In this paper, remote sensing and geographic information systems (GIS) are integrated to monitor, map,
and quantify the land use/cover change in the southern part of Iraq (Basrah Province was taken as a case) by using a 1:250
000 mapping scale. Remote sensing and GIS software were used to classify Landsat TM in 1990 and Landsat ETM+ in 2003 imagery
into five land use and land cover (LULC) classes: vegetation, sand, urban area, unused land, and water bodies. Supervised
classification and normalized difference build-up index (NDBI) were used respectively to retrieve its urban boundary. An accuracy
assessment was performed on the 2003 LULC map to determine the reliability of the map. Finally, GIS software was used to quantify
and illustrate the various LULC conversions that took place over the 13-year span of time. Results showed that the urban area
had increased by the rate of 1.2% per year, with area expansion from 3 299.1 km2 in 1990 to 3 794.9 km2 in 2003. Large vegetation area in the north and southeast were converted into urban construction land. The land use/cover
changes of Basrah Province were mainly caused by rapid development of the urban economy and population immigration from the
countryside. In addition, the former government policy of “returning farmland to transportation and huge expansion in military
camps” was the major driving force for vegetation land change. The paper concludes that remote sensing and GIS can be used
to create LULC maps. It also notes that the maps generated can be used to delineate the changes that take place over time.
Supported by the Al-Basrah University, Iraq, the Geo-information Science and Technology Program (No. IRT 0438)China). 相似文献
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H.E. Reader 《地理信息系统科学与遥感》2014,51(2):199-211
Estuaries are photochemically dynamic environments with high carbon loads and relatively small areas. The small area poses problems for large-scale satellite-based remote sensing calculations, where the resolution is too coarse to distinguish land from water. Airborne remote sensing instruments have the potential to reveal the dynamics of these areas with fine-scale resolution. In June 2006, hyperspectral remote sensing imagery, using an AISA Eagle instrument, was collected over the tidal Duplin River, Georgia, USA. A dark-water updated version of the SeaUV algorithm was applied to the AISA remote sensing image to determine diffuse attenuation constants in the ultraviolet and calculate surface photochemical production rates of two inorganic products – carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (CO2). For an average day in June at the study site, the modeled photoproduction rates for CO2 and CO averaged ~7 × 10?1 nmol C/day/cm3 and ~3.5 × 10?2 nmol C/day/cm3, respectively. 相似文献
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20.
遥感技术是研究土地利用/覆被变化状况的重要手段之一,目前该技术已有一套较成熟的研究方法,本文从遥感数据选择、图像预处理方法、土地利用/覆被变化遥感分类、土地利用/覆被变化动态信息提取等方面对土地利用/覆被变化遥感动态监测技术进行了系统的论述,最后指出多信息源、综合的信息处理机制将是土地利用/覆被变化遥感动态监测技术发展的必然方向。 相似文献