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1.
Groundwater is of fundamental significance for human society,especially in semi-arid areas in China.However,due to the fast social and economic development,China has been suffering from the shortage of water resource.In this situation,managed aquifer recharge(MAR)was considered to be an effective measure for the sustainable management of groundwater resources.Since 1960 s,China successfully implemented many MAR schemes for different purposes such as restoration of groundwater tables,prevention of seawater intrusion,increasing urban water supplies and controlling land subsidence.From those successful experiences China developed a scientific and applicable system to implement MAR project.However,there were still many challenges in this field,for example,treated waste water had been barely used for recharge.The present review summarized the achievements in MAR applications in China as well as the associated challenges within the past 55 years before the year 2016. 相似文献
2.
江苏苏锡常地区地下水开采出现的问题及对策研究 总被引：6，自引：3，他引：3
近年来,江苏苏锡常地区地表水由于遭受严重污染,致使地下水开采量逐年增加;又由于缺乏正确认识和科学管理,造成该地区地下水资源长期超采,从而引发了地面沉降、地裂缝等环境地质问题和地质灾害。本文从可持续发展观点出发,为使地下水资源合理开采和保护同步发展,有针对性地探讨了该地区地下水资源合理开发和保护对策。 相似文献
3.
Water resources play an important role in supporting the economic and social development of China. The impact of climate change on water resources has become a bottleneck in this process, especially for major projects, with surface water and groundwater systems experiencing considerable impacts. The annual natural recharge of fresh groundwater is 8 840×10~8 m~3, which accounts for approximately 31% of the water resources. Groundwater is the most significant water source for many cities and energy bases, and it is also the main source acting as a buffer against extreme climate events caused by climate change. However, most of the groundwater in China buried deeply and unevenly, which increases the difficulty of investigating and exploiting this resource.This paper illustrates the general conditions of China water resources and hydrogeological hazards, such as karst sinkholes, surface subsidence, and soil salinization, caused by climate change, El Nino, La Nina, other climate events and human activities and presents the regulatory measures enacted to mitigate these issues in China.The China Geological Survey(CGS) has organized professional teams to investigate and evaluate groundwater resources and the environment since 1999. Based on these investigations, the total quantity, expected exploitable quantity and current exploited quantity of groundwater in whole China have been evaluated. In addition, an evaluation of the groundwater pollution caused by climate change throughout China and key areas has been conducted. At present, the CGS is conducting national groundwater monitoring projects and establishing regional engineering and technical measures for water resource exploitation and utilization. 相似文献
4.
《China Geology》2021,4(3):455-462
The Luanhe River Delta is located in the center of the Circum-Bohai Sea Economic Zone. It enjoys rapid economic and social development while suffering relatively water scarcity. The overexploitation of groundwater in the Luanhe River Delta in recent years has caused the continuous drop of groundwater level and serious environmental and geological problems. This study systematically analyzes the evolution characteristics of the population, economy, and groundwater exploitation in the Luanhe River Delta and summarizes the change patterns of the groundwater flow regime in different aquifers in the Luanhe River Delta according to previous water resource assessment data as well as the latest groundwater survey results. Through comparison of major source/sink terms and groundwater resources, the study reveals the impacts of human activities on the groundwater resources and ecological environment in the study area over the past 30 years from 1990 to 2020. The results are as follows. The average annual drop rate of shallow groundwater and the deep groundwater in the centers of depression cones is 0.4 m and 1.64 m, respectively in the Luanhe River Delta in the past 30 years. The depression cones of shallow and deep groundwater in the study area cover an area of 545.32 km2 and 548.79 km2, respectively, accounting for more than 10% of the total area of the Luanhe River Delta. Overexploitation of groundwater has further aggravated land subsidence. As a result, two large-scale subsidence centers have formed, with a maximum subsidence rate of up to 120 mm/a. The drop of groundwater level has induced some ecological problems in the Luanhe River Delta area, such as the zero flow and water quality deterioration of rivers and continuous shrinkage of natural wetlands and water. Meanwhile, the proportion of natural wetland area to the total wetland area has been decreased from 99% to 8% and the water area from 1776 km2 to 263 km2. These results will provide data for groundwater overexploitation control, land subsidence prevention, and ecological restoration in plains and provide services for water resources management and national land space planning.© 2021 China Geology Editorial Office. 相似文献
5.
城市水资源的合理利用与可持续发展 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
自20世纪80年代以来，由于工业的高速发展，中国城市已由180座猛增至666座，城市人口和城市需水量都迅猛增长，造成城市水资源紧缺。城市发展也使污染问题日益严重，直接对水资源造成破坏，影响人体健康。地下水超量开采，引起地面沉降、岩溶塌陷、海水入侵等地质灾害，造成严重经济损失。针对以上问题，本文探讨了城市水资源紧缺的原因及其对生态的影响，提出城市水资源的合理规划、合理利用以及开源节流、保护生态环境与防止地质灾害的相关措施。 相似文献
6.
Response of the interaction between groundwater and other components of the environment in Mexico 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
J. J. Carrillo-Rivera A. Cardona R. Huizar-Alvarez E. Graniel 《Environmental Geology》2008,55(2):303-319
This article reviews and discusses environmental aspects related to vertical upward and downward groundwater flow. Flow systems
are an important tool to understand groundwater functioning as related to the environment, in terms of obtaining indicators
of human impact and solving specific questions about a groundwater-environment system that has been influenced by anthropogenic
means. This involves two broad processes. First, groundwater changes due to activities of man in the surrounding environment
as a result of: (1) alteration of recharge by modification of native vegetation and original soil cover; (2) reduction of
groundwater discharge to coastal areas and to inland water bodies producing desiccation of wetlands, lakes and springs; (3)
groundwater contamination from sewage looses and uncontrolled waste disposal locations, and (4) up-welling of undesirable
water quality induced by extraction. Second, environmental alterations due to changes in the groundwater regime produce: (1)
increase in soil erosion through the disappearance of vegetation due to water-table decline, (2) water-table rise due to unplanned
artificial recharge resulting from water imports to a catchment, (3) decline in water levels for improper extraction regime,
(4) soil subsidence due to extraction mismanagement, and (5) disappearance of phreatofites caused by excessive extraction.
Unless further understanding between groundwater and the other components of the environment is sought, the relationship between
people and its environment will be subject to some of these effects, potentially endangering adequate human development and
sustainable water management. 相似文献
7.
Land subsidence is common in some regions of China. Various eco-environmental problems have arisen due to changes in water–rock interactions in these subsided areas, for which a comprehensive understanding of the hydrogeological setting is needed. This paper presents the general status of land subsidence in three typical subsided areas of China through the compilation of relevant data, and reviews some typical changes in the water–rock interactions in subsided areas along with related eco-environmental issues. It is found that the subsidence development and distribution are controlled by the groundwater-withdrawal intensity externally, and by the thickness and compressibility of unconsolidated sediments internally. The physical changes and related effects of water–rock interactions in subsided areas include: (1) the decreased ground elevation that caused floods, waterlogged farmland, etc.; (2) the differential subsidence that caused ground fissures; and (3) the change of seepage field that caused substantial reduction of the water resource. Chemically, the changes and related effects of water–rock interactions include: (1) the change to the chemical environment or processes due to the hydrogeologic structure alteration, which caused groundwater pollution; and (2) hydrologic mixing (seawater intrusion, artificial recharge; exchange with adjacent aquifers or aquitards), which degraded the groundwater quality. Further research on the subsided areas in China is suggested to reveal the mechanisms regarding biological and gaseous (meteorological) changes from the perspective of interacting systems among water, rocks, biological agents and gases. 相似文献
8.
西部缺水地区多样化水资源开发模式探讨 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
最近我国政府提出了西部大开发的战略决策。发展西部地区首要任务是研究解决水资源缺乏问题。40多年来南京大学在地下水探寻和开发、水资源评价和水污染的模拟等方面取得了系统研究成果。特别是运用新构造理论和优势面理论 ,在地下水资源探寻的研究中取得显著成效 ,近几年来作者提出的缺水山区水资源多样化开发模式研究课题 ,在河北顺平严重缺水区取得初步突破。这对于解决西部的水资源匮乏问题 ,促进西部大开发会具有重要的实际意义。 相似文献
9.
Huili Gong Yun Pan Longqun Zheng Xiaojuan Li Lin Zhu Chong Zhang Zhiyong Huang Zhiping Li Haigang Wang Chaofan Zhou 《Hydrogeology Journal》2018,26(5):1417-1427
The North China Plain (NCP) has been suffering from groundwater storage (GWS) depletion and land subsidence for a long period. This paper collects data on GWS changes and land subsidence from in situ groundwater-level measurements, literature, and satellite observations to provide an overview of the evolution of the aquifer system during 1971–2015 with a focus on the sub-regional variations. It is found that the GWS showed a prolonged declining rate of ?17.8?±?0.1 mm/yr during 1971–2015, with a negative correlation to groundwater abstraction before year ~2000 and a positive correlation after ~2000. Statistical correlations between subsidence rate and the GWS anomaly (GWSA), groundwater abstraction, and annual precipitation show that the land subsidence in three sub-regions (Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei) represents different temporal variations due to varying driver factors. Continuous drought caused intensive GWS depletion (?76.1?±?6.5 mm/yr) and land subsidence in Beijing during 1999–2012. Negative correlations between total groundwater abstraction and land subsidence exhibited after the 1980s indicate that it may be questionable to infer subsidence from regional abstraction data. Instead, the GWSA generally provides a reliable correlation with subsidence. This study highlights the spatio-temporal variabilities of GWS depletion and land subsidence in the NCP under natural and anthropogenic impacts, and the importance of GWS changes for understanding land subsidence development. 相似文献
10.
Application of electrical resistivity tomography methods for delineation of groundwater contamination and potential zones 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
G. Tamma Rao V. V. S. Gurunadha Rao G. Padalu Ratnakar Dhakate V. Subrahmanya Sarma 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2014,7(4):1373-1384
Identification of damages/changes that are affecting the underground water quality due to the effect of anthropogenic activities is often done after environmental problems have become evident or water portability being strongly affected. Two main applications of electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) methods have been addressed covering characterization of leachate movement from a composting area of a Sugar Mill in Southern India. Good correlation has been obtained between ERT and groundwater quality assessments as well as from groundwater monitoring data sets. The study helped in conceptualization of hydrogeologic framework in basaltic terrain. Impacts on groundwater regime associated with urbanization and industrialization can easily be assessed through the variation of resistivity in the inverse resistivity pseudo-section model of the ERT investigations. Assessment of groundwater potential in an upcoming Urban Node, Greater Hyderabad city has been illustrated in the second example. Identification of good thickness of weathered regolith for location of water harvesting through Green Fingers evolved. The small infrastructure would help carrying of enhanced surface runoff as well as to sustain groundwater yield in the urban node and thereby ensuring sustainable groundwater resource exploitation. The above studies have illustrated immense potential of the ERT tools in the assessment of groundwater contamination as well as groundwater potential. 相似文献
11.
地下水资源可持续利用的制度架构——以华北平原为例 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在水资源日益成为制约我国经济社会发展的今天,地下水资源由于其分布广泛、水质纯净、开采方便等特点被过度开采,华北平原是我国地下水开采最严重的地区。针对华北平原地下水资源利用现状与存在问题,从而看到加强地下水资源保护的紧迫性,要建立健全地下水资源管理的制度法规。把行政法中的许可证制度、经济刺激制度,环境法中的环境影响评价制度、信息公开制度引入到地下水的管理与保护之中,为实现地下水资源的可持续利用提供更全面的制度架构。 相似文献
12.
13.
Jichun Wu Xiaoqing Shi Yuqun Xue Yun Zhang Zixin Wei Jun Yu 《Environmental Geology》2008,55(8):1725-1735
Land subsidence in China occurs predominantly in 17 provinces (cities) situated in the eastern and middle regions of the country,
including Shanghai, Tianjin and Jiangsu, and Hebei provinces. It is primarily caused by groundwater overpumping. One of the
areas most severely affected by land subsidence is the Yangtze Delta, most of which consists of Shanghai City, the Su-Xi-Chang
area (Suzhou, Wuxi and Changzhou cities) of Jiangsu Province, and the Hang-Jia-Hu area (Hangzhou, Jiaxing and Huzhou cities)
of Zhejiang Province. The excessive exploitation of groundwater forms in a large regional cone of depression and, consequently,
land subsidence is also regional, currently centered in the Shanghai and Su-Xi-Chang areas. In 2002, the maximum cumulative
subsidence of Shanghai, Su-Xi-Chang and Hang-Jia-Hu were 2.63 m, 2.00 and 1.06 m, respectively. The land subsidence area is
continuing to expand throughout the Yangtze Delta. To study the characteristics and the pattern of this land subsidence, the
government has implemented a monitoring system involving the placement of 37 groups of extensometers (layers marks) and drilling
of more than 1000 observation wells. These provide an invaluable historical record of deformation and pore water pressure
and facilitate studies on the special features of soil deformation when the groundwater level changes due to pumping. Several
measures have been taken in recent years to control the development of the land subsidence in the different areas; these include
groundwater injection, prohibition of pumping deep confined groundwater, and an adjustment of the pumping depth and magnitude
of the groundwater withdrawn. At present, although the subsidence area is still increasing slowly, the subsidence rate is
controlled. 相似文献
14.
辽河油田以开采上第三系地下水为主，已出现降落漏斗、水质恶化及咸水入侵等问题。文章应用Visual MODFLOW模型，建立了地下水流数值模拟模型，对不同开采方案下的地下水动态变化进行了预测和分析，确定了最佳开采量和最优开采布局。建议调减开采量和调整地下水开采布局以实现辽河油田地区水资源可持续利用。 相似文献
15.
Land subsidence in Tianjin,China 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
Yi Lixin Zhang Fang Xu He Chen Shijie Wang Wei Yu Qiang 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2011,62(6):1151-1161
Land subsidence has been affecting Tianjin for the past 50 years. It leads to comprehensive detrimental effects on society,
the economy and natural environment. Overpumping of groundwater is the main cause. In 2008, the maximum cumulative subsidence
reached 3.22 m and the total affected area nearly 8,000 km2. The subsidence reached its most critical state in the early 1980s when it occurred at a rate as high as 110 mm/year. At
the same time, groundwater extraction had also reached a maximum of 1,200 million m3. By importing the Luan River to Tianjin and restricting exploitation of groundwater, hydraulic heads gradually recovered
after 1986 in all aquifers, and this has continued to the present in the second aquifer. The subsidence rate in urban areas
dropped to 10–15 mm/year. The area of groundwater extraction expanded to the suburban area with economic growth in the 1990s,
and it was shifted to the third and fourth aquifers. At present, with a subsidence rate of 30–40 mm/year, four new suburban
subsidence centers have been formed. Several measures were adopted to mitigate and prevent land subsidence disasters. These
included restricting groundwater exploitation, groundwater injection, prohibiting use in the specific zone, a pricing policy
for water resources, advocating water-saving technology, and strict enforcement of groundwater laws. Although the subsidence
area is still increasing slowly, the subsidence rate is being controlled. 相似文献
16.
LI Yixiang GAO Guanhua Department of Land Resources of Anhui Province ChinaDepartment of Mines Energy of Northern Territory Australia 《《地质学报》英文版》2004,78(3):829-837
Groundwater is one of the important water resources in northern China's plain areas. Many severe geological hazards have occurred in these areas due to ground subsidence which is caused by over exploitation of groundwater. This paper introduces and analyses the ground subsidence caused by groundwater exploitation and its mechanism in the northern China's plains. A ground subsidence prediction model has been developed based on the consolidation theory. The authors have tested this model in a case study of Fuyang City, Anhui Province, where ground subsidence is a severe environmental problem. In the case study, the model results match very well with those of the actual measurement. Two schemes of groundwater exploitation are assessed. The conclusion from the study could be used in the long-term water and economical management planning. The strategies for the control of ground subsidence are discussed. 相似文献
17.
Shavkat Rakhmatullaev Frédéric Huneau Jusipbek Kazbekov Hélène Celle-Jeanton Mikael Motelica-Heino Philippe Le Coustumer Jamoljon Jumanov 《Central European Journal of Geosciences》2012,4(1):67-80
As a result of the massive irrigation development during the Soviet Union era and intensive chemization of agriculture, the surface runoff quality has been degraded in this arid and endorheic region. Moreover hydraulically related groundwater has also been affected. Excessive irrigation has lead to land salinization, which now threatens the soil quality of significant areas where crop yields would be at risk in the future. Since the collapse of the Soviet Union, institutional changes have been undertaken for the management of natural resources and water infrastructure. At present, underdeveloped and inadequate systems have been practiced with respect to groundwater use and management. This paper analyzes the present extent of groundwater resources with consideration to their reserves, quality evolution, and to technical, institutional and transboundary management practices in Uzbekistan. 相似文献
18.
华北平原年地面沉降量大于50 mm的严重区面积超过全国总量的80%,防治形势严峻,需要开展有针对性的研究,为有效防控地面沉降提供科学依据。华北平原建立了较完善的地面沉降监测网络,基本掌握了地面沉降现状及演化规律,但受华北平原含水层系统影响因素复杂与时空变化大等因素制约,对地下水位变化驱动下的土层变形特征及其机制研究迄今仍比较薄弱,限制了对地面沉降发展趋势的科学研判和预测预警。在总结国内外地面沉降研究进展、基于高时空分辨率监测数据分析华北平原地面沉降现状和发展趋势的基础上,提出了地下水位变化影响下的地面沉降研究方向。目前,华北平原地面沉降出现减缓态势,天津、沧州、衡水等重点城市主城区地面沉降得到有效控制,但华北平原尤其是河北平原地面沉降总体上仍然处于较快发展阶段,主要原因是农业灌区地下水开采得不到有效控制。未来华北平原地面沉降研究应聚焦地面沉降机理和预测预警、地下水位回升驱动下的土层变形规律及其对环境的影响、地面沉降区地下水资源属性及地热开发与地面沉降关系等方面。 相似文献
19.
黑龙江省松嫩平原地下水资源开发利用中主要问题及对策 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
松嫩平原是黑龙江省社会经济最发达地带,在社会经济发展中占有举足轻重的地位,随着经济迅速发展,地下水开采量不断增加,在地下水开发利用中还存在许多问题,如：地下水水位区域性持续下降、地面沉降、地下水污染不断加重、用水结构不合理、地下水资源浪费和农村饮水安全等问题.地下水资源量不断减少,供需矛盾不断加重,已经严重制约本区社会经济的发展.因此,必须采取相应对策,合理开发利用地下水资源,为经济社会可持续发展奠定坚实的物质基础. 相似文献
20.
天津市是我国水资源缺乏、人均占有淡水资源最少的城市之一,也是我国地面沉降最为严重的地区之一。地面沉降现已成为天津市的主要地质灾害,并在一定程度上制约着天津城镇的可持续发展。天津市平原区洼地众多,这些洼地大部分是天津市的湿地分布区。在洼地内建设应急地下水水源地,既可以起到为城区供水,缓解城区的地面沉降,又可以改善洼地生态环境的作用。 相似文献