共查询到17条相似文献，搜索用时 515 毫秒
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南极数字高程模型（DEM）是南极冰盖研究的基础数据,目前国际通用的全南极DEM数据主要有JLB97 DEM、RAMPv2 DEM、ICESat DEM以及Bamber 1km DEM. 利用DEM对DEM验证的方式对四种DEM的精度进行比较分析. 结果表明：Bamber 1km DEM和ICESat DEM之间的高程差异最小,平均高程差小于1.8 m,二者均有较高的可靠性. RAMPv2 DEM与Bamber 1km DEM的高程差大于1.9 m,在81.5° S以南和坡度较大的区域,高程差异更为明显,高程可靠性较低. JLB97 DEM与上述三种DEM的偏差超过10 m,高程可靠性最低. 相似文献
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基于CryoSat-2的东南极PANDA断面考察沿线DEM制作及精度分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
基于卫星测高数据,国际上先后发布了ICESat DEM、Bamber DEM等全南极DEM.相对于传统高度计,大轨道倾角、长重访周期的设计使CryoSat-2具有更大的数据覆盖范围以及更加密集的轨道覆盖;同时,SARIn模式的启用也提高了CryoSat-2对于南极边缘区域的监测能力.针对利用CryoSat-2数据提取DEM问题,对CroySat-2的轨迹覆盖特征、数据滤波方法、最优内插参数选取以及DEM精度验证等方面进行了探讨,并利用克里金插值法生成了东南极PANDA断面考察沿线1 km分辨率的DEM.结果表明：通过与ICESat数据对比,发现PANDA断面考察沿线DEM整体高程精度约为（1.57±3.30）m;但是,局部区域高程精度分析表明,DEM精度具有不均一性,随着坡度的增加DEM高程精度逐渐下降,高程稳定性也同时下降. 相似文献
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《地质科技情报》2021,(3)
南极洲被巨厚冰雪覆盖,地质构造以南极横断山脉为界,总体分为东南极地盾和西南极活动带。数字高程模型(DEM)是研究南极冰盖变化的基础数据之一。通过多期次数字高程模型相比较获得高程的变化信息,是分析南极冰盖厚度变化和物质平衡的重要手段。然而不同类型DEM之间存的平面误差和垂直误差影响分析结果的精度。首先利用配准消除DEM间的水平误差,然后计算并按坡度提取CryoSat DEM与其他DEM的平均高程差和标准差,最后分析高程差的时空变化特征。通过分析发现,DEM之间存在不同的平面误差。其中TanDEM_X DEM与CryoSat DEM的高程平面偏差最小,而ICESat DEM与CryoSat DEM的高程平面偏差最大。在垂直方向上,0°～1°的坡度范围内,CryoSat DEM与TanDEM_X DEM的平均高程差在3.5～5.5 m之间,标准差小于18.0 m; CryoSat DEM和Bamber 1km DEM的平均高程差在-2.5～+1.0 m之间,标准差小于24.2 m; CryoSat DEM与ICESat DEM的平均高程差在-25.0～-1.0 m之间,标准差小于47.2 m; CryoSat DEM与RAMPv2 DEM的平均高程差在1.3～3.2 m之间,标准差小于45.6 m。通过研究发现南极冰盖内部高程增加,但西南极冰盖和东南极冰盖高程均在降低,且西南极降低明显,同时南极边缘地区高程降低明显。本研究为全球变化研究和南极物质平衡研究提供了重要参考。 相似文献
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航天飞机雷达地形测绘(shuttle radar topography mission, SRTM)和先进星载热发射和反射辐射成像仪全球数字高程模型(advanced spaceborne thermal emission and reflection radiometer global digital elevation model, ASTER GDEM)提供了全球覆盖面积最广的数字高程模型(digital elevation model, DEM)数据, 但其高程精度还未得到充分验证, 传统地面测量方法很难适用于验证大面积范围的DEM精度.以冰、云和陆地高程卫星/地学激光测高系统(ICESat/GLAS)高程数据为参考, 综合利用地理信息系统(geographic information system, GIS)空间分析、三维可视化与统计分析方法, 对中国典型低海拔沿海平原地区和高海拔山地的两种DEM数据高程精度进行了对比分析.结果表明, 高程值小于20m的低海拔地区, SRTM高程精度达到2.39m, ASTER GDEM的精度达到4.83m, 均远远高于这两种数据的标称精度; 而在西南山地, 这两种DEM的精度大约为20m, 与标称精度相当.最后, 建立了ICESat/GLAS与SRTM和ASTER GDEM的一元线性回归模型, 该模型具有较高的拟合度和显著线性关系, 可用于改善这两种DEM的高程精度. 相似文献
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基于多时相Landsat遥感影像,利用适合白洋淀湿地信息提取的综合提取方法提取湿地范围。将湿地范围视为水体淹没区,淹没区的边界线视为对应地表水位高程的等高线,并根据遥感影像、高程控制点等对淀区内受人为影响的局部区域进行校正,插值生成白洋淀湿地底部的数字高程模型(DEM)。选用遥感影像和地面高程控制点对构建的数字高程模型进行验证,遥感影像验证精度在80%以上,地面控制点验证误差在±0.5 m以内的点达到80%。这种由一系列遥感影像提取等高线生成数字高程模型的方法可以弥补白洋淀湿地内数字高程信息不足的缺陷,对于提高白洋淀湿地的水均衡计算和构建湖泊与地下水耦合模型的精度有着重要意义。 相似文献
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《地下水》2021,(1)
数字高程模型(DEM)空间分辨率的精准确定,对于提高分布式水文模型输入水文信息的可靠性和有效性意义显著。文章选择北洛河流域典型区域作为研究对象,基于7种不同的DEM空间分辨率,利用ARCGIS软件,分别提取水文特征信息;在新安江模型物理参数意义研究的基础上,利用槽蓄曲线的坡度K和流量比重系数X之间的相关关系,确定参数,进行水文模拟;根据交口、状头水文站的实测数据,对模拟结果进行对比验证,结果表明:DEM空间分辨率越低,提取的水文特征信息越少;洪峰的模拟精度在分辨率200m之前减低缓慢,200m之后大幅降低。对比分析不同分辨率对水文模拟的影响,进而确定满足实际洪水预报的DEM分辨率大小。 相似文献
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南极冰盖对海平面影响巨大,高程变化测量是南极物质平衡监测的重要手段。采用欧空局CryoSat-2雷达高度计数据,通过提取卫星升降轨的地面交叉点,监测了南极内陆冰盖的高程变化（物质平衡）。结果表明,后向散射能量对Ku波段的CryoSat-2雷达高度计的高程数据具有一定的影响,经后向散射能量校正后,时间序列上的高程变化变得平缓,高程变化与已有的降雪数据相比,更加符合实际情况。2010年11月至2017年11月南极内陆冰盖高程变化趋势为（-1.1±0.2）cm·a-1。西南极的Kamb冰流高程变化率为（38.7±1.1）cm·a-1,Moeller冰流高程变化率为（-10.3±1.2）cm·a-1,部分Thwaites冰川区域高程变化率为（-13.4±1.8）cm·a-1,东南极的Wilkes Land出现高下降区,最高达-20 cm·a-1。Dronning Maud Land虽然出现变化异常的点,但整体并没有显著的高程变化。南极内陆冰盖质量变化为（-10.6±6.2）Gt·a-1,整体上南极内陆冰盖质量变化平缓,部分区域变化较大,Kamb冰流达到（17.9±0.5）Gt·a-1,Moeller冰流达到（-3.4±0.4）Gt·a-1,部分Thwaites冰川区达到（-3.7±0.5）Gt·a-1。 相似文献
8.
基于InSAR和ICESat的南极冰盖地区DEM提取和精度分析 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
结合InSAR和ICESat测高数据,以东南极PANDA断面4个实验区为例,进行DEM生成研究.在干涉相位转换成高程前,引入ICESat测高数据作为控制点优化干涉对基线,消除基线线性误差趋势的影响.利用控制点之外的ICESat测高数据分析4个实验区的DEM精度及其差异,并探讨了引起DEM误差的原因.冰流和地貌特征是影响InSAR生成冰盖DEM精度的重要因素.针对冰流的影响,从理论上进行了分析并结合冰流速数据进行了分析验证.最后利用克里金插值法改正InSAR DEM残余误差,并利用GPS实测控制点对改正效果进行验证.结果表明:对于高纬区流速较小且分布一致的区域,改正效果很好,DEM精度可达3 m;而对于冰流速较大且复杂的地区,需采用多基线等算法进一步消弱冰流引入的误差. 相似文献
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Determining the optimum cell size of digital elevation model for hydrologic application 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Scale is one of the most important but unsolved issues in various scientific disciplines that deal with spatial data. The
arbitrary choice of grid cell size for contour interpolated digital elevation models (DEM) is one of the major sources of
uncertainty in the hydrologic modelling process. In this paper, an attempt was made to identify methods for determining an
optimum cell size for a contour interpolated DEM in prior to hydrologic modelling. Twenty-meter interval contour lines were
used to generate DEMs of five different resolutions, viz., 30, 45, 60, 75, and 90 m using TOPOGRID algorithm. The obtained DEMs were explored for their intrinsic quality using four
different methods, i.e., sink analysis, fractal dimension of derived stream network, entropy measurement and semivariogram
modelling. These methods were applied to determine the level artifacts (interpolation error) in DEM surface as well as derived
stream network, spatial information content and spatial variability respectively. The results indicated that a 90 m cell size
is sufficient to capture the terrain variability for subsequent hydrologic modelling in the study area. The significance of
this research work is that it provides methods which DEM users can apply to select an appropriate DEM cell size in prior to
detailed hydrologic modelling. 相似文献
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Tianwu Ma Yonggang Chen You Hua Zhende Chen Xiaoyin Chen Chengzhi Lin Chunju Yang 《Earth Science Informatics》2017,10(1):29-39
The DEM generalization is the foundation of expressing and analyzing the terrain and the basis of multi-scale observation. Meanwhile, it is also the core of building the multi-scale geographic database. This paper would like to propose a new algorithm using profile simplification in four directions(4-DP). This algorithm is composed of two parts, namely extraction of terrain feature points in local window as well as in global profile line and reconstruction of DEMs. The paper used the 5 m resolution DEM of the Suide in Loess Plateau of China as the original data. In the experiment, this paper has achieved the generalized DEM with 5 m and 25 m resolution by removed small details and computed out the optimal threshold. In contrast to the classic algorithms, VIP and Aggregate, based on three evaluation methods. The results show that this method is able to retain the main geographical information effectively in terrain surface. 相似文献
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The nearest neighbor search algorithm is one of the major factors that influence the efficiency of grid interpolation. This paper introduces a KD-tree that is a two-dimensional index structure for use in grid interpolation. It also proposes an improved J-nearest neighbor search strategy based on ??priority queue?? and ??neighbor lag?? concepts. In the strategy, two types of J-nearest neighbor search algorithms can be used; these algorithms correspond to the consideration of a fixed number of points and a fixed radius. By using the KD-tree and proposed strategy, interpolation can be performed with methods such as Inverse Distance Weighting and Kriging. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithms has high operating efficiency, especially when the data amount is enormous, and high practical value for increasing the efficiency of grid interpolation. 相似文献
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工作面建模一般通过三维地震、井巷和钻孔测量等探测手段获取工作面的实际展布情况,然后利用插值算法建立相应模型。其中,采样数据是工作面建模的基础,插值算法是工作面模型实现的必经途径。插值算法和采样数据量的大小在不同程度上影响工作面模型的精确性,定量研究工作面模型精确度影响因素将对插值算法优选和采样数据获取量提供重要的参考价值。在工作面探测资料的基础上,通过交叉验证的方法,分别计算对比函数插值、光滑离散插值(DSI插值)和克里金插值的插值误差。为了解决透明工作面建模采样量大的问题,提出相对间距误差,并计算得到13组不同采样比例时模型的相对间距误差。结果表明:(1)透明工作面模型构建过程中,DSI插值、克里金插值和函数插值的平均绝对误差分别为0.015 5、0.022 5、0.231 2,因此,DSI插值算法构建的模型精确度最高,克里金插值算法次之,函数插值算法最差。(2)随着采样数据量的增加,模型的误差逐渐减小,当采样数据量小于10%时,插值误差下降幅度很大;但当采样数据量大于10%时,其下降幅度趋于平缓,建议在构建工作面模型时采样数据量大于10%。(3)在透明工作面模型实际构建过程中,建议采用DSI插值算法;同时根据最低采样数据量分析得到的最佳更新距离和最佳采样间距进行采样,提高工作面局部数据量。 相似文献
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In order to overcome the shortage that point-based data acquisition techniques cannot retrieve the whole basin subsidence caused by underground mining, and to avoid complex splicing of terrestrial 3D laser scanner (TLS) point cloud data and the errors caused by such splicing, GPS/TLS combined technology is employed for mining subsidence monitoring. The basic idea of the monitoring technology is put forward. In this article, an application of the method to a coal mining area in China is presented. Support vector machine (SVM) model for GPS level conversion in the mining area is established, and a comparative analysis of SVM, BP neural network and polynomial established local quasi-geoid in the mining area is conducted. Ground surface digital elevation model (DEM) of the mining area is established by using TLS point cloud data, and the ground surface dynamic subsidence basin is obtained through a subtraction of two DEMs. The results indicate that the quasi-geoid established by using SVM model features a relatively high level of stability and accuracy and that the established mining surface DEM and subsidence basin can provide the fundamental data for the reconstruction of ecological environment in the mining area. GPS/TLS combined monitoring technology is a new monitoring technology, which entangles the advantages of both GPS and TLS and could offset their disadvantages, thus obtaining complementary advantages. According to analysis on its application in the mining area, we conclude that the technology is feasible and has a great application prospect for the mining area purposes. 相似文献
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Evaluation of Interpolation Accuracy of Neural Kriging with Application to Temperature-Distribution Analysis 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
An interpolation method based on a multilayer neural network (MNN), has been examined and tested for the data of irregular sample locations. The main advantage of MNN is in that it can deal with geoscience data with nonlinear behavior and extract characteristics from complex and noisy images. The training of MNN is used to modify connection weights between nodes located in different layers by a simulated annealing algorithm (one of the optimization algorithms of the network). In this process, three types of errors are considered: differences in values, semivariograms, and gradients between sample data and outputs from the trained network. The training is continued until the summation of these errors converges to an acceptably small value. Because the MNN trained by this learning criterion can estimate a value at an arbitrary location, this method is a form of kriging and termed Neural Kriging (NK). In order to evaluate the effectiveness of NK, a problem on restoration ability of a defined reference surface from randomly chosen discrete data was prepared. Two types of surfaces, whose semivariograms are expressed by isotropic spherical and geometric anisotropic gaussian models, were examined in this problem. Though the interpolation accuracy depended on the arrangement pattern of the sample locations for the same number of data, the interpolation errors of NK were shown to be smaller than both those of ordinary MNN and ordinal kriging. NK can also produce a contour map in consideration of gradient constraints. Furthermore, NK was applied to distribution analysis of subsurface temperatures using geothermal investigation loggings of the Hohi area in southwest Japan. In spite of the restricted quantity of sample data, the interpolation results revealed high temperature zones and convection patterns of hydrothermal fluids. NK is regarded as an interpolation method with high accuracy that can be used for regionalized variables with any structure of spatial correlation. 相似文献