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The composition of ophiolites widespread in the southern Urals shows that they were formed in a suprasubduction setting. Low-Ti
and high-Mg sheeted dikes and volcanic rocks vary from basalt to andesite, and many varieties belong to boninite series. The
rocks of this type extend as a 600-km tract. The volcanic rocks contain chert interbeds with Emsian conodonts. Plagiogranites
localized at the level of the sheeted dike complex and related to this complex genetically are dated at 400 Ma. The ophiolites
make up a base of thick islandarc volcanic sequence. The composition of the igneous rocks and the parameters of their metamorphism
indicate that subduction and ascent of a mantle plume participated in their formation. The nonstationary subduction at the
intraoceanic convergent plate boundary developed, at least, from the Middle Ordovician. 相似文献
3.
HSU Ta-Wei SHAU Yen-HongDepartment of Marine Resources National Sun Yat-Sen University Kaohsiung China 《《地质学报》英文版》2002,76(1):15-30
The Ordovician volcanic rocks in the Mayaxueshan area have been pervasively altered or metamorphosed and contain abundant secondary minerals such as albite, chlorite, epidote, prehnite, pumpellyite, actinolite, titanite, quartz, and/or calcite. They were denoted as spilites or spilitic rocks in terms of their petrographic features and mineral assemblages. The metamorphic grades of the volcanic rocks are equivalent to that of the intercalated metaclastic rocks. This indicates that both the spilitic volcanic rocks and metaclastic rocks in the Mayaxueshan area have formed as a result of Caledonian regional metamorphism. We suggest that the previously denoted spilitic rocks or altered volcanic rocks should be re-denoted as metabasalts or metabasaltic rocks. The metamorphic grade of the volcanic rocks increases with their age: prehnite-pumpellyite facies for the upper part of the Middle Ordovician volcanic rocks, prehnite-pumpeilyite to lower greenschist facies for the lower part of the Middle Ordovician vol 相似文献
4.
Zircon U–Pb dating of Early Palaeozoic monzonitic intrusives from the Goonumbla area,New South Wales
K. M. Butera I. S. Williams P. L. Blevin C. J. Simpson 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,60(3):457-464
Zircon U–Pb ages measured on four small intrusions into the succession of Ordovician volcanic rocks that hosts Northparkes Cu–Au mine northwest of Parkes, New South Wales, place limits on the age of the volcanic sequence. The basal Nelungaloo Volcanics are constrained by a cross‐cutting monzodiorite to be ≥484.3 ± 2.9 Ma (Early Ordovician). Similarly, the overlying basal Goonumbla Volcanics are constrained by another cross‐cutting monzodiorite to be ≥450.8 ± 4.2 Ma (Middle Ordovician). A later generation of monzonites intruded into the middle and upper Goonumbla Volcanics yield ages of 439.1 ± 4.5 and 438.9 ± 4.7 Ma (Siluro‐Ordovician). These various ages are consistent with the ages of fossiliferous sediments within the volcanic sequence, and indicate that both the intrusive and volcanic rocks span an appreciable period of time—neither are the product of a single magmatic episode. Intrusion of the youngest monzonites and mineralisation was virtually contemporaneous. 相似文献
5.
Detrital volcanic and vein quartz, accompanied by felsic volcanic debris, occur as minor constituents in the Ordovician subduction‐related mafic volcanics of the Molong Volcanic Belt. In the western province of the Molong Volcanic Belt, detrital quartz is present in the three episodes of the mafic Volcanics. Volcanic quartz occurs in allochthonous limestone blocks in the Bendigonian Hensleigh Siltstone overlying the Mitchell Formation. The second volcanic episode (the Fairbridge Volcanics) commenced after a hiatus of approximately 20 million years and lasted around 10 million years from Darriwilian to Gisbornian time. Locally derived vein quartz, volcanic quartz and felsic detritus are concentrated at the bases of autochthonous Wahringa and Yuranigh Limestone Members of the volcanics and are extensive and abundant in basal beds of the regional Eastonian limestone body that transgressed over an eroded volcanic centre at Cargo. This early Eastonian debris, deposited early in an 8 million‐year volcanic hiatus preceding the final Ordovician Bolindian volcanism, establishes a pre‐Eastonian age for mineralisation at Cargo. It is inferred that the pauses in volcanism were preceded by magmatic fractionation, intrusion and hydrothermal activity and followed by erosion, subsidence and deposition of autochthonous limestones. Minor occurrences of vein and volcanic quartz are found in Bolindian volcanogenic sediments of the third volcanic phase. It is concluded that hydrothermal vein formation (and mineralisation by inference) was associated with pauses in volcanic activity throughout the Middle to early Late Ordovician over a wide area in the western province, culminating in the mineralisation at Cargo and Copper Hill near Molong. Volcanism in the eastern province of the Molong Volcanic Belt was continuous from at least Darriwilian to latest Ordovician time. Here, detrital hydrothermal vein quartz and volcanic quartz and felsic detritus are distributed through late Middle and early Late Ordovician turbidites of the Weemalla Formation. The possible existence of cycles in the source area like those of the Fairbridge Volcanics is masked by the distal nature of these deposits. Vein formation occurred in both provinces from late Middle Ordovician to early Late Ordovician, long before the formation of the world‐class mineral deposit at Cadia associated with the latest Ordovician Cadia Monzonite. 相似文献
6.
The Ordovician terrigenous, volcanic–sedimentary and volcanic sequences that formed in rifts of the active continental margin and igneous complexes of intraoceanic suprasubduction settings structurally related to ophiolites are closely spaced in allochthons of the Sakmara Zone in the southern Urals. The stratigraphic relationships of the Ordovician sequences have been established. Their age and facies features have been specified on the basis of biostratigraphic and geochronological data. The gabbro–tonalite–trondhjemite complex and the basalt–andesite–rhyolite sequence with massive sulfide mineralization make up a volcanic–plutonic association. These rock complexes vary in age from Late Ordovician to Early Silurian in certain structural units of the Sakmara Allochthon and to the east in the southern Urals. The proposed geodynamic model for the Ordovician in Paleozoides of the southern Urals reconstructs the active continental margin, whose complexes formed under extension settings, and the intraoceanic suprasubduction structures. The intraoceanic complexes display the evolution of a volcanic arc, back-, or interarc trough. 相似文献
7.
扬子板块北缘大巴山地区上奥陶统-下志留统地层中斑脱岩较发育。笔者对大巴山西段陕西紫阳麻柳和四川万源皮窝乡上奥陶统五峰组-下志留统龙马溪组剖面的斑脱岩进行采样,开展了高精度锆石U-Pb测年,首次在该地区获得了445.1±3.5Ma和446.1±7.2Ma的锆石U-Pb年龄,限定了五峰组-龙马溪组地层沉积年龄,为扬子板块北缘大巴山地区奥陶系-志留系界线附近火山喷发事件、地层年代学研究提供了依据。本文所获得的年龄数据与秦岭-大别山造山带奥陶纪岩浆弧形成时间同步,略晚于华北克拉通西南缘奥陶系斑脱岩(449.0~465.8Ma),其火山活动可能与古秦岭洋壳向北的俯冲有关,火山凝灰质可能源自沿古秦岭洋盆北缘的火山弧喷发。中奥陶世晚期至早志留世早期,多幕次的高频火山喷发事件影响了当时海洋化学条件、碳循环波动、气候变冷和生物辐射脉动,造成了晚奥陶世末期的冰川启动和生物集群绝灭。 相似文献
8.
Ordovician K-bentonites in the upper-plate active margin of Western Gondwana, (Famatina Ranges): Stratigraphic and palaeogeographic significance 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Numerous, thin-bedded, tabular pale-yellowish clay bands are interlayered with black shales in a biostratigraphically constrained Early Ordovician volcano-sedimentary succession at Famatina, western Argentina. This region was part of a fairly continuous upper-plate, convergent volcanic chain that fringed western Gondwana. Mineralogy on both clay and non-clay fractions, whole rock chemistry and field observations on these distinctive event-beds indicate that they originated as relatively coarse fallout tephras, altered first into bentonites and later, through burial metamorphism, into K-bentonites (metabentonites). These tephras were deposited as single crystals and glassy dust or pumiceous fragments in a restricted subtidal environment. The region of Famatina has previously been inferred as the source of abundant distal K-bentonites recorded in the adjacent lower-plate allochthonous Precordillera terrane. However, these K-bentonites within the proximal arc site were unknown and rather unexpected since they are generally better preserved like distal deposits, associated either with central vent plinian–ultraplinian eruptions or with accompanying co-ignimbrite ash clouds. Their chemistry and comparison with those K-bentonites in the Precordillera allow tracing an evolution from volcanic arcs into continental crust. K-bentonites described in this paper are much older than those recorded in the adjacent Precordillera terrane and seem to be associated with a first eruptive period along western Gondwana that has no counterpart in the Argentine Precordillera, suggesting a significant longitudinal separation between these two regions by the Early Ordovician. 相似文献
9.
K. E. Degtyarev 《Geotectonics》2011,45(1):23-50
The extended Saryarka and Shyngyz-North Tien Shan volcanic belts that underwent secondary deformation are traced in the Caledonides
of Kazakhstan and the North Tien Shan. These belts are composed of igneous rocks pertaining to Early Paleozoic island-arc
systems of various types and the conjugated basins with oceanic crust. The Saryarka volcanic belt has a complex fold-nappe
structure formed in the middle Arenigian-middle Llanvirnian as a result of the tectonic juxtaposition of Early-Middle Cambrian
and Late Cambrian-Early Ordovician complexes of ensimatic island arcs and basins with oceanic crust. The Shyngyz-North Tien
Shan volcanic belt is characterized by a rather simple fold structure and consists of Middle-Late Ordovician volcanic and
plutonic associations of ensialic island arcs developing on heterogeneous basement, which is composed of complexes belonging
to the Saryarka belt and Precambrian sialic massifs. The structure and isotopic composition of the Paleozoic igneous complexes
provide evidence for the heterogeneous structure of the continental crust in various segments of the Kazakh Caledonides. The
upper crust of the Shyngyz segment consists of Early Paleozoic island-arc complexes and basins with oceanic crust related
to the Saryarka and Shyngyz-North Tien Shan volcanic belts in combination with Middle and Late Paleozoic continental igneous
rocks. The deep crustal units of this segment are dominated by mafic rocks of Early Paleozoic suprasubduction complexes. The
upper continental crust of the Stepnyak segment is composed of Middle-Late Ordovician island-arc complexes of the Shyngyz-North
Tien Shan volcanic belt and Early Ordovician rift-related volcanics. The middle crustal units are composed of Riphean, Paleoproterozoic,
and probably Archean sialic rocks, whereas the lower crustal units are composed of Neoproterozoic mafic rocks. 相似文献
10.
小狐狸山钼多金属矿床位于内蒙古北山地区的东北部,矿区内出露的地层主要为奥陶系咸水湖组火山岩。本次工作显示,小狐狸山矿床赋矿火山岩地层存在安山玢岩呈岩株状侵位于奥陶系咸水湖组安山岩中,测得该安山玢岩(XHLS-01)的锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb同位素年龄为(419±5) Ma,对应晚志留世,晚于奥陶纪安山岩的成岩年代(489±11) Ma,研究成果更正了对矿区仅发育奥陶纪火山岩的传统认识。小狐狸山矿区晚志留世安山玢岩w(SiO2)为57.18%~58.19%,w(K2O+Na2O)为5.78%~6.97%,w(TiO2)为0.57%~0.90%,为富钾贫钠、准铝质岩石,与奥陶纪低钾钙碱性的安山岩不同;微量元素显示安山岩和安山玢岩均呈大离子亲石元素富集、高场强元素亏损特征,安山玢岩稀土总量(∑REE含量)为71.9×10-6~72.24×10-6,低于安山岩96.89×10-6,Eu呈较弱负异常。以上显示小狐狸山矿区晚志留世安山玢岩的母岩浆来自俯冲洋壳板片交代的亏损地幔源区,上升过程中经历了较弱的分离结晶和同化混染作用。小狐狸山志留纪安山玢岩和奥陶纪安山岩均形成于岛弧环境。综合区域地质、年代学和地球化学研究显示,内蒙古北山地区早古生代具有相似的构造演化过程,同属西伯利亚板块与塔里木板块之间的岛弧增生带。 相似文献
11.
鄂尔多斯盆地西、南缘奥陶纪地质事件群耦合作用 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
北祁连造山带和北秦岭造山带在早古生代经历了相似的洋陆转化过程,于奥陶纪时发育了汇聚板块边缘的沟-弧-盆体系,分别形成了北西向展布的北祁连造山带走廊南山北缘早古生代岛弧及弧后盆地和东西向展布的北秦岭造山带早古生代岛弧及弧后盆地。期间,秦岭-祁连洋的俯冲造山作用和鄂尔多斯盆地西南缘沉积类型和内陆湖盆的发展演化之间存在有机的联系,构成了盆-山耦合体系,引发一系列构造事件、火山喷发事件和多种类型的事件沉积等。它们之间存在着一系列成因机制上的联系,有着共同的宏观背景。鄂尔多斯盆地西、南缘在几乎相同时期存在一次构造背景的转变,由被动大陆边缘转化为主动大陆边缘,并诱发了多期火山喷发事件,在盆地西南缘奥陶系形成多套斑脱岩夹层,这些斑脱岩可能为同时期或者稍后的钾盐矿(包括含钾卤水)的形成提供了重要物源。同时,鄂尔多斯盆地南缘由浅水碳酸盐台地陷落为深水斜坡,在盆地西、南缘奥陶系有规律的集中发育重力流沉积(海底扇、浊积岩等)、滑塌沉积和震积岩等事件沉积。从形成机制上,华南板块向北俯冲触发了火山活动和地震,火山喷发在奥陶系集中沉积了多套凝灰岩夹层,地震活动导致同时期大套重力流沉积,并触发相对深水区沉积物向深水区移动,使得重力流沉积转化为浊流沉积,形成了具有良好储层的浊积岩。统计表明,上述事件发育的时间与秦岭地区构造活动相对最活跃的时期基本一致。因此这些分布稳定的凝灰岩薄层和中奥陶世集中有规律分布的重力流沉积砂体为华南板块向华北本快俯冲背景下形成的,它们之间存在耦合关系。 相似文献
12.
The North Qilian orogenic belt is an elongate tectonic unit that lies between the North China plate to the north and the Middle
Qilian microplate to the south, and is formed by a collision of the two plates in the Caledonian. The Shihuigou Section from
Yongdeng County, Gansu Province, is in the eastern sector of the North Qilian Mountains, spanning the Ordovician island-arc
zones. The Zhongpu Group is distributed in the Shihuigou area and composed of medium-basic volcanic rocks and volcanic clastic
rocks interspersed with cherts, limestones, slates, and metamorphic sandstones. The geochemistry of chert from the Zhongpu
Group reveals that all cherts coexisting with island-arc volcanic rocks formed in a continental margin basin environment.
Research results of the rare earth elements reveal that these cherts formed in a relatively deep-water basin with no significant
terrestrial interference. Therefore, it is inferred that the North Qilian orogenic belt was previously an archipelagic ocean
in the Ordovician.
Translated from Geological Review, 2006, 52(2): 184–189 [译自: 地质论评] 相似文献
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扬子板块东南缘思南地区上奥陶统顶部—下志留统底部地层中普遍发育一层斑脱岩。选取思南县罗湾沱上奥陶统五峰组剖面进行LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年,获得其年龄加权平均值为449±11Ma,限定了该区域奥陶系—志留系地层沉积年龄,为扬子板块东南缘思南地区奥陶系—志留系界线附近的火山喷发事件、地层年代学研究提供了较可靠的证据。449±11Ma的年龄与扬子板块北西大巴山一带的年龄数据高度吻合,但略晚于华北克拉通西南缘奥陶系顶部斑脱岩的年龄(449.0～465.8Ma)。其所代表的火山活动可能与华夏板块向扬子板块俯冲有关。晚奥陶世—早志留世晚期,多期次的火山喷发事件影响了当时的海洋化学条件、生态圈环境,造成中—晚奥陶世以来的生物灭绝事件及冰川启动。 相似文献
14.
内蒙古额济纳地区广泛出露的奥陶纪火山岩是中亚造山带南缘中段早古生代地质事件的重要响应,对研究及认识古亚洲洋的演化有着重要的启示.对内蒙古额济纳旗呼仍巴斯克地区咸水湖组火山岩与白云山组凝灰岩进行了岩石学、同位素年代学和全岩主、微量元素地球化学研究.结果显示:咸水湖组为一套基性-酸性熔岩及其同质的火山碎屑岩组合,白云山组凝灰岩为酸性凝灰岩;火山岩与凝灰岩皆属于亚碱性系列岩石,主要表现出钙碱性系列的演化趋势,具有富钙,富铝,贫镁,较大的TFeO/MgO比值的特征,稀土元素配分曲线呈右倾斜型,同时富集大离子亲石元素（LILE）和轻稀土元素（LREE）,亏损高场强元素（HFSE）;咸水湖组流纹岩样品的SHRIMP锆石U-Pb同位素谐和年龄为462±3 Ma（MSWD=1.6）,显示其形成时代为中奥陶世晚期.通过分析比对认为,不同于其西部希热哈达、伊哈托里等地区的岛弧环境,额济纳旗呼仍巴斯克地区奥陶纪火山岩形成于陆缘弧构造背景,揭示了中-晚奥陶世蒙古国境内Zoolen大洋向内蒙古额济纳地区明水-旱山陆块北缘俯冲作用的存在. 相似文献
15.
16.
青藏高原羌塘中部中—上奥陶统达瓦山组的建立及意义 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
首次在藏北羌塘中部达瓦山地区识别出一套复理石沉积,厚度大于3000m,未见顶底,岩石组合以变质砂岩、杂砂岩和千枚岩为主,夹双峰式火山岩,火山岩岩性为流纹岩和玄武岩。用LA-ICP-MS同位素测定技术对流纹岩夹层中的锆石进行了U-Pb同位素测定,获得锆石的年龄为454.0±2.0Ma和458.3±1.8Ma,时代为中晚奥陶世达瑞威尔—桑比期,代表了达瓦山组的主体形成时代。在剖面测制和区域对比的基础上建立了中—上奥陶统达瓦山组,代表冈瓦纳大陆北缘中—晚奥陶世裂谷型深水-半深水复理石沉积。中—上奥陶统达瓦山组的发现和建立完善了该区中晚奥陶世的地层系统,进一步确定该区中—晚奥陶世洋盆的存在,对冈瓦纳大陆北缘中—晚奥陶世岩相古地理研究具有重要意义。 相似文献
17.
奥陶纪是古亚洲洋演化的关键时期,也是塔里木盆地周缘板块构造环境转换的重要时期.然而,南天山洋向北俯冲-消减的时间一直存在争议.通过对保存在塔里木盆地盐下地区奥陶系鹰山组和良里塔格组的火山碎屑物质的岩石学和地球化学特征研究,结合岩相古地理演化格局,约束了南天山洋向北俯冲削减的时间.研究表明,鹰山组碳酸盐岩中主要发育基性沉凝灰岩薄夹层,良里塔格组火山碎屑物质主要为基性火山岩屑.鹰山组和良里塔格组火山碎屑物质的Th/Yb-Ta/Yb图解指示它们来源于活动大陆边缘弧环境.U/Th-Th图解显示大部分样品落在典型弧火山岩区,且多数位于混有沉积物来源的弧火山岩与典型弧火山岩重叠区域,表明研究区火山物质源区曾受到与俯冲相关流体或熔体的改造.Ba/Th-（La/Sm）n图解进一步表明火山碎屑物质源区具有上地壳沉积物质起源的熔体混染,且良里塔格组沉积时期,火山碎屑物质源区受沉积物起源熔体混染的程度更深,改造得更加明显和强烈.上述地球化学特征表明,在早奥陶世鹰山组沉积时期南天山洋已经俯冲消减,且在晚奥陶世良里塔格组沉积时期处于强烈俯冲期. 相似文献
18.
Tarim Basin distributed widely two stages of Permian volcanic rocks. However, the location and timing of these rocks pinching out and the relationship between Ordovician carbonate hydrothermal reservoirs and fault activity remain unclear. The Shunnan (Shunnan here in after referred to as SN) 1 3-D well zone in the eastern Tarim Basin contains volcanic rocks, and the Ordovician layer contains a hydrothermal reservoir. This paper describes the lithology, stage, volcanic rock distribution, crater position and deposition pinch-out line of volcanic rocks based on drilling and 3-D seismic data. The Permian strata in the well zone contain only one stage of Kupkuciman Formation basalt and tuff, the Kaipeleicike Formation contains terrigenous clastic rock and the adjacent volcanic rocks of wells SN2 and GL (Gulong here in after referred to as GL) 2 exhibit an absence of deposition. Although the craters are distributed on both sides of the NNW faults that cross well SN4, their positions are also controlled by the intersection of earlier NEE and NW faults and later NNE faults. Furthermore, the Ordovician strata in the SN1 well zone developed abundant tubular high-amplitude anomalies and tabular high-amplitude anomalies via hydrothermal corrosion, and the anomaly distributions are similar to the positions of the craters, which are controlled by the intersection of multi-group faults and the density of the faults. 相似文献
19.
柴达木盆地构造古地理分析 总被引：17，自引：2，他引：15
研究的目的是分析柴达木盆地显生宙构造古地理特征和盆地叠合过程。在寒武纪—泥盆纪 ,柴达木板块处于低纬度区 ,从寒武纪时的南纬 4 1°往北漂移到泥盆纪时的北纬 10 6° ,与塔里木、华北、扬子等块体有较大的纬度差 ,表明柴达木板块在该时期是一个并不隶属于其它任何板块的独立的块体 :与华北板块之间以北祁连洋相隔 ,与塔里木板块之间以阿尔金洋相隔 ,与中昆仑地块之间以东昆仑洋相隔 ,柴达木板块内部也被赛什腾—锡铁山洋所分隔。这些洋盆经历了寒武纪—早、中奥陶世张裂阶段和晚奥陶世—早、中泥盆世聚敛阶段 ,最终于中泥盆世末期闭合。该时期在柴达木盆地内部 ,叠合在震旦纪大陆裂谷盆地之上的是寒武—奥陶纪台地—陆棚相碳酸盐岩和碎屑岩建造 ,生物发育 ;志留纪—早、中泥盆世柴达木盆地以隆起为特征。石炭纪—三叠纪柴达木板块继续北移 ,石炭纪时位于北纬 11 9° ,二叠纪时位于北纬 12 7° ,三叠纪时位于北纬 2 2 2° ,该时期柴达木板块已与华北板块、塔里木板块拼合 ,但与羌塘板块之间以南昆仑洋相隔 ,柴达木处于南昆仑洋的弧后部位 ,叠加在早期盆地之上的是石炭纪—早二叠世滨岸—台地—陆棚相碳酸盐岩、碎屑岩夹煤线。晚二叠世—三叠纪柴达木盆地再度隆升。侏罗纪以来 ,柴达木板块缓慢北 相似文献
20.
通过1∶5万区域地质调查,对祁连山哈拉湖地区火山岩进行了野外地质、岩石学、锆石U-Pb同位素年龄、地球化学等研究。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb同位素定年结果显示,该火山岩年龄为466.3±2.4Ma(n=9,MSWD=1.4),形成于中奥陶世。岩石地球化学研究表明,哈拉湖地区火山岩为低钾拉斑玄武系列,绝大多数样品的亲石元素Rb、Th、U、Ce、Zr、Nd和稀土元素La、Sm富集明显;高场强元素(Sr、P、Ti)强烈亏损,Zr、Hf微弱富集,Ba明显亏损。总的特征显示,少数火山岩具有过渡型洋脊玄武岩的特征,大多数火山岩样品显示岛弧火山岩的特征。此外,哈拉湖地区的岛弧火山岩与晚奥陶世的岛弧花岗岩伴生在一起。这些特征表明,与俯冲有关的奥陶纪岛弧岩石可能与拉脊山地区古大洋的闭合有关。 相似文献