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1.
本文依据南海低纬地区SA09-090孔高分辨率的孢粉记录,从下至上划分了4个孢粉组合带,从孢粉成分的变化,重建了15kaBP以来的植被和气候变化历史。研究结果发现:15.0—12.5kaBP期间研究区花粉主要来自当地出露的陆架,揭示出出露的陆架植被类型是以热带低山雨林和低地雨林为主。海滨地区生长着茂盛的红树林,当时气温比现在低一些,但无明显变干现象。12—10kaBP期间植被中低山雨林花粉增多,红树植物花粉减少,这说明此时海平面上升,气温也回升,花粉源区变远。全新世时(10kaBP至今),花粉主要来源于加里曼丹岛和周围岛屿,植被以低山雨林和海滨红树植物为主,但花粉浓度大幅降低,这种花粉浓度降低说明海平面继续上升,研究区距离花粉源区越来越远。全新世中期时为热、湿的气候环境,后期与现今相近。 相似文献
2.
依据南海低纬地区SA09-040孔高分辨率的孢粉记录,自下至上划分了4个孢粉组合带。从孢粉成分的变化,重建了22.25ka B P以来的植被与气候变化历史。结果表明:孢粉主要来源于婆罗洲和周围岛屿,孢粉1带(22.25～16.6ka B P),低山雨林植被发育,为暖热气候,从测年时间看,当时为末次冰期晚期。孢粉2带(16.6～10.82ka B P,为末次冰消期),植被以热带低山雨林和低地雨林为主,针叶的松数量较多,当时的气温比现在低。孢粉3带(全新世早期,10.82～6.43ka B P),植被以热带低山雨林和低地雨林为主,针叶松属数量减少,气温比前期升高,海平面也上升。孢粉4带(全新世中晚期,6.43ka B P至今),全新世中期为炎热、湿润的气候环境,全新世晚期可能与婆罗洲现今的植被景观相近,为热、湿的气候环境。 相似文献
3.
根据孢粉和微体古生物化石特征,分析了朝阳港潟湖中全新世以来的古植被、古气候和古环境演变过程.研究表明,在第1阶段潟湖沿岸森林植被为以栎、松为主的落叶阔叶-针叶混交林,部分样品含有个体小的常绿栎属花粉;潟湖边缘是以海滨盐生的蒿属、禾本科、藜科等草本为主的沼泽湿地景观,反映气候温暖略湿.第2阶段和前一阶段相比,草本植物花粉中喜盐碱的蒿、藜的数量增加,样品中出现较多的海生刺球藻和甲藻,并有贝类等生长,反映该段时间有较长时间的海水侵入.第3阶段针叶的松属占优势,表明气温与前阶段相比略低,高盐度有孔虫的出现可能显示潟湖出现阶段性封闭现象. 相似文献
4.
《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2014,(5)
通过对台湾海峡西北部莆田海域沿海338个表层沉积物样品中孢粉的分析,探讨其分布规律及影响因素、孢粉源区、传播机制和沉积环境。研究区内孢粉的分布可划分为沿北西—南东方向展布的4个孢粉区,呈现出高值低值交替分布的状态。孢粉丰度变化受水深和沉积物粒度影响较大。各类孢粉分布的控制因素有所不同。松属花粉的分布受到东北季风和海湾地形的综合影响;栎属等热带亚热带花粉则以河流和沿岸流为主要传播动力;蕨类孢子普遍的高丰度可能是由于其本身易于被海流携带传播,以及人类活动的影响导致沿岸地区蕨类植物广布,从而为其提供了丰富来源,沿岸流可能也为蕨类孢子带来了新来源;以禾本科为主的草本花粉由于不易传播,主要来自于沿岸地区的草本植被。河口或环岸带发生的絮凝作用有利于孢粉的沉积。近海带由于水动力条件减弱,孢粉随着悬浮物的沉积而大量沉积下来。 相似文献
5.
珠江三角洲北部晚第四纪孢粉植物群的古环境意义 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
采用孢粉分析的方法对珠江三角洲北部地区多个钻孔进行了古植被和古环境的研究。结果表明,该区晚更新世与全新的孢粉组合存在明显区别,更新世时期以木本植物为主,而全新世表现为蕨类孢子和草本花粉的大幅度增加。该特征反映了更新世本区为河漫滩洼地沉积为主,局部受海侵影响,而全新世为海湾河口相沉积。根据木本植物花粉不同组分的含量变化以及某些气候敏感属种的出现,可以推论晚更新世亚间冰期的年平均气温比现今低２￣４℃左 相似文献
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7.
采用孢粉分析的方法对珠江三角洲北部地区多个钻孔进行了古植被和古环境的研究。结果表明,该区晚更新世与全新世的孢粉组合存在明显区别,更新世时期以木本植物为主,而全新世表现为蕨类孢子和草本花粉的大幅度增加。该特征反映了更新世本区为河漫滩洼地沉积为主,局部受海侵影响,而全新世为海湾河口相沉积。根据木本植物花粉不同组分的含量变化以及某些气候敏感属种的出现,可以推论晚更新世亚间冰期的年平均气温比现今低2-4℃左右,盛冰期则低6℃以上,到全新世中期以后形成了与现代相似的明显受季风影响的常绿阔叶林。 相似文献
8.
全新世黄土高原塬区植被特征 总被引：23，自引：0，他引：23
全新世高分辨率的黄土-古土壤孢粉研究,对于黄土高原历史时期植被的恢复与重建提供了直接的生物学证据.现代遥感数据显示黄土高原主要塬区为农业型生态环境,植被以旱作农作物为主,已无原生植被生长.最近12 000 aBP以来耀县剖面的孢粉记录显示,黄土高原南缘塬区植被经历了干草原-湿润性草原-干草原-湿润草原-草原5个阶段, 表明在黄土高原南缘降水较丰富的半湿润地区,塬区植被仍以草原植被为主,无森林生长.渭南姜村、洛川和富县等塬区剖面的孢粉记录也显示出,全新世以来,即使在全新世高温期水分较现在丰沛的时期,黄土高原塬区植被仍以灌木、草本植物为主,并无森林生长. 相似文献
9.
《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2014,(5)
湖泊沉积物中孢粉组合因受花粉传播过程以及湖泊水动力条件影响,湖盆不同位置沉积物中孢粉组合存在差异。已有研究表明湖泊表层沉积物中孢粉组合存在差异,但是就古气候研究来讲,湖盆不同位置沉积地层中的孢粉组合对比更有益于古环境重建。猪野泽是近年来全新世研究的热点区域,该湖盆现有多个剖面分布于湖盆不同位置,为同一湖盆不同位置地层孢粉组合对比提供了条件,而其他湖泊因受钻孔或剖面数量及位置的限制很难展开上述研究。研究在原有SJC、QTH02和QTL03孢粉剖面的基础上,增加了SKJ、JTL剖面全新世孢粉组合结果,来探讨全新世千年尺度上湖盆内部孢粉传播动力学特性。SJC剖面全新世孢粉组合反映流域植被变化;QTL03、QTH02剖面沉积环境相对稳定,但孢粉组合仍不可避免地受到流域性花粉的影响;SKJ、JTL剖面远离入湖区,其孢粉组合反映全新世湖泊周围植被特征。因此,在解释千年尺度孢粉组合的古环境意义时,应充分考虑湖盆内部花粉的再分配和传播过程。 相似文献
10.
《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2021,41(3)
分析了福建省宁德市东部海岸带地区NDQK2钻孔的42个孢粉样品。3个光释光和9个14C测年结果显示,钻孔沉积物年代跨越了末次冰消期晚期和全新世阶段。本文试图通过孢粉分析来重建宁德地区全新世以来的古环境演化,探讨古人类活动对天然植被演替的可能影响。本钻孔与该区域已发表的NDGK2和NDQK5孔的孢粉组合共同显示,深海氧同位素(MIS)5a阶段(约85 kaBP)至早全新世,周边陆地一直被亚热带常绿阔叶林和松林所覆盖,然而,约7 770～4 970 aBP期间以禾本科(Poaceae)为主的草本植物花粉和以芒萁属(Dicranopteris)为主的蕨类孢子含量剧增,孢粉组合与MIS5a以来的其他时段明显不同,类似于现代山地和海域表土孢粉组合。考虑到当地亚热带阔叶林被破坏后可形成以芒萁和禾本科为主的植被群落,我们认为宁德地区在7 770～4 970 aBP前就存在人类活动,并开始强烈影响森林组成,古人类砍伐树木导致分布于林缘与荒地的芒萁和禾本科等次生植被迅速扩张。基于东南沿海考古证据的时空分布对比,认为中、晚全新世本研究区周边古人类活动的出现可能与长江中下游古文明的迁移存在某种关联。 相似文献
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12.
M. V. Triantaphyllou A. Antonarakou K. Kouli M. Dimiza G. Kontakiotis M. D. Papanikolaou P. Ziveri P. G. Mortyn V. Lianou V. Lykousis M. D. Dermitzakis 《Geo-Marine Letters》2009,29(4):249-267
Quantitative analyses of coccolithophores, planktonic foraminifers, dinoflagellate cysts and pollen assemblages were carried
out on shallow (NS-14) and deeper (NS-40) sediment cores from the south-eastern Aegean Sea. Nine coccolithophore (ACE 1–9)
and nine planktonic foraminifer (APFE 1–9) ecozones, correlated with dinoflagellate cyst evidence, have been defined for the
last ~14.5 cal. ka. Additionally, eight pollen assemblage zones (PAZ 1–8) have been recognised and correlated with the plankton
ecozones. Although generally consistent with existing schemes for the central and eastern Mediterranean, the established high-resolution
ecostratigraphy has led to an expanded palaeoecological reconstruction of the Late Glacial–Holocene archive in the south-eastern
Aegean Sea, defining two warm and humid phases at 9.3–8.6 and 7.6–6.4 cal. ka b.p., associated with the deposition of the early Holocene sapropel S1, and a third one between 5.2 and 4.2 cal. ka b.p. The high sedimentation rates which characterise the study area enabled the detection of even minor and brief climatic events
in the Aegean Sea during S1 deposition times.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献
13.
渤海、黄海、东海沉积物中矿物组合的研究 总被引：12，自引：2，他引：12
本文对黄海、渤海、东海以及长江、黄河、辽河表层沉积物中的轻、重矿物进行了研究。分析资料表明,调查区内共有三种类型的矿物:陆源矿物、自生矿物和海底火山喷发形成的火山型矿物。根据轻、重矿物组合的差异,可把调查区分成8个矿物区。其物质来源主要为黄河与长江。黄河物质主要沉积在黄海、渤海;长江物质沉积在东海陆架区,而冲绳海槽则发现有海底火山喷发物质与浊流沉积。 相似文献
14.
N. O. Chistyakova E. V. Ivanova B. Risebrobakken E. A. Ovsepyan Ya. S. Ovsepyan 《Oceanology》2010,50(4):573-581
Environmental changes in the surface and bottom water layers of the Ingøydjupet Basin and the history of the Atlantic Water inflow to the southwestern Barents Sea during the last 16 ka are reconstructed based on planktic and benthic foraminiferal assemblages. The multiproxy study of sediment cores PSh-5159R and PSh-5159N, including AMS 14C dating, provides a time resolution of about 200 years for the deglaciation, 100 years for the Holocene, and 25–50 years for the last 400 years. Stable polar conditions with the sea ice at the surface were typical for the Early Deglaciation period. Unstable bottom settings and the onset of ice rafting marked the Oldest Dryas. The cold Atlantic Water inflow increased notably during the Bölling-Alleröd interstadial nearby the site location and then decreased during the Younger Dryas. The initial Holocene was characterized by abrupt warming in bottom and surface water layers, especially ～9.7–7.6 ka BP. Stable conditions prevailed during the Middle Holocene. Remarkable changes in the sea-surface temperature and bottom environments occurred during the last 2.5 cal. ka BP. 相似文献
15.
通过对南黄海中部B10岩心的碳酸钙、常量元素和微量元素分析发现,岩心的地球化学特征基本反映了该海区晚第四纪气候变化、海面波动以及沉积物供应的变化.在玉木亚间冰期(末次冰期亚间冰期)高海面时期,黄河可能直接注入南黄海,在南黄海中部发育水下三角洲沉积.晚玉木冰期(末次冰期盛冰期),南黄海出露成陆,局部发育陆相泥炭层.冰后期(全新世)海侵到达现今80 m等深线附近的时间大约在距今13 ka。在距今11.0～10.3 ka出现新仙女木事件.全新世中晚期海面进一步上升,沉积物粒度较细,化学风化作用加强.岩心50～0 cm段沉积物中的碳酸钙、氧化钙、锶、氧化镁含量及Sr/Ba比值低,而铜等微量元素含量增加,这可能与公元1855年黄河北迁后进入南黄海中部的黄河物质减少有关. 相似文献
16.
通过对安达曼海重力柱ADM-C1的浮游有孔虫群落分析, 探讨了该区全新世以来的海洋环境演化。研究发现, 该区浮游有孔虫群落总体以热带暖水种Globigerinoides ruber、Globigerinoides sacculifer、Neogloboquadrina dutertrei和Pulleniatina obliquiloculata等为主。其中G. ruber的相对丰度从早全新世至今呈逐渐降低的趋势, G. sacculifer则呈大致相反的变化趋势。N. dutertrei的相对丰度从11—7.9ka BP较高, 到7.9—3.8ka BP偏低, 3.8ka BP以来又逐渐升高。而P. obliquiloculata的变化趋势则与N. dutertrei大致相反。研究认为, 安达曼海不存在与冲绳海槽类似的晚全新世普林虫低值事件。浮游有孔虫群落Q型因子显示全新世海洋环境呈现三个明显的阶段变化: 早全新世 11—7.9ka BP期间, 浮游有孔虫群落以G. ruber、N. dutertrei与G. bulloides为主, 反映了该阶段较强的夏季风降水会导致表层水体盐度较低, 同时冬季风的影响相对较强; 7.9—3.8ka BP期间, 以G. ruber、P. obliquiloculata和Globigerinella aequilateralis为主, 指示水体盐度仍然较低, 同时次表层属种显著增多, 对应了该阶段强盛的印度夏季风, 上层海水混合强烈; 3.8—0ka BP期间, 以G. sacculifer、N. dutertrei和P. obliquiloculata为主要特征属种, 而G. ruber相对丰度明显下降, 表明该时期表层海水的盐度有显著上升, 对应了印度夏季风降水的明显减弱。安达曼海浮游有孔虫群落所呈现的全新世海洋环境阶段性变化和陆地夏季风记录有很好的一致性, 也与该孔敏感粒级组分所反映的印度季风的强度变化一致, 表明热带边缘海区的有孔虫群落组合可以很好地响应区域海洋环境变化。 相似文献
17.
E. V. Ivanova I. O. Murdmaa E. M. Emelyanov E. A. Seitkalieva E. P. Radionova G. N. Alekhina S. M. Sloistov 《Oceanology》2016,56(1):118-130
This paper presents reconstructions of ice sheet boundaries, lacustrine and marine paleobasins, as well as the connections of the Barents and Baltic seas with the North Atlantic from the Last Glacial Maximum to the Holocene. The reconstructions are based on original and published data obtained from the northern and western parts of the Barents Sea and Baltic depressions with account for the available regional schematic maps of deglaciation. The early deglaciation of the Scandinavian–Barents ice sheet culminated with the Bølling-Allerød interstadial (14.5–12.9 cal ka BP), which was characterized by a more vigorous Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) and a corresponding increase in surface Atlantic water inflow into the Barents Sea through deep troughs. The Baltic Ice Lake (BIL) remained a dammed-up isolated basin during deglaciation from 16.0 to 11.7 cal ka BP. In the Younger Dryas (YD), the lake drained into the North Sea and was replaced by a brackish Yoldia Sea (YS) at the beginning of the Holocene (Preboreal, 11.7–10.7 cal ka BP), due to a limited connection between two basins through the Närke Strait. In the Barents Sea, the next increase in the Atlantic water influx into the deep basins corresponded to terminal YD and Preboreal events with a culmination in the Early Holocene. The Yoldia Sea became a lake again during the next stage, the Ancylus (~10.7–8.8 cal ka BP). Atlantic water inflow both into the Barents and Baltic seas varied during the Holocene, with a maximum contribution in the Early Holocene, when the Littorina Sea (LS, 8–4 cal ka BP) connection with the North Sea via the Danish Straits was formed to replace the Ancylus Lake. The recent, post-Littorina stage (PS, the last 4 cal ka) of the Baltic Sea evolution began in the Late Holocene. 相似文献
18.
Andreas Borchers Elisabeth Dietze Gerhard Kuhn Oliver Esper Ines Voigt Kai Hartmann Bernhard Diekmann 《Marine Geophysical Researches》2016,37(1):49-70
A multi-proxy study including sedimentological, mineralogical, biogeochemical and micropaleontological methods was conducted on sediment core PS69/849-2 retrieved from Burton Basin, MacRobertson Shelf, East Antarctica. The goal of this study was to depict the deglacial and Holocene environmental history of the MacRobertson Land–Prydz Bay region. A special focus was put on the timing of ice-sheet retreat and the variability of bottom-water formation due to sea ice formation through the Holocene. Results from site PS69/849-2 provide the first paleo-environmental record of Holocene variations in bottom-water production probably associated to the Cape Darnley polynya, which is the second largest polynya in the Antarctic. Methods included end-member modeling of laser-derived high-resolution grain size data to reconstruct the depositional regimes and bottom-water activity. The provenance of current-derived and ice-transported material was reconstructed using clay-mineral and heavy-mineral analysis. Conclusions on biogenic production were drawn by determination of biogenic opal and total organic carbon. It was found that the ice shelf front started to retreat from the site around 12.8 ka BP. This coincides with results from other records in Prydz Bay and suggests warming during the early Holocene optimum next to global sea level rise as the main trigger. Ice-rafted debris was then supplied to the site until 5.5 cal. ka BP, when Holocene global sea level rise stabilized and glacial isostatic rebound on MacRobertson Land commenced. Throughout the Holocene, three episodes of enhanced bottom-water activity probably due to elevated brine rejection in Cape Darnley polynya occured between 11.5 and 9 cal. ka BP, 5.6 and 4.5 cal. ka BP and since 1.5 cal. ka BP. These periods are related to shifts from warmer to cooler conditions at the end of Holocene warm periods, in particular the early Holocene optimum, the mid-Holocene warm period and at the beginning of the neoglacial. In contrast, between 7.7 and 6.7 cal. ka BP, brine rejection shut down, maybe owed to warm conditions and pronounced open-water intervals. 相似文献
19.
黄、渤海表层沉积物中钙质超微化石有较广泛分布,属种较大洋和开阔海少而单调。黄海南部见有14个种,北黄海及渤海海峡4～5个种,渤海沿岸区2～3个种。钙质超微化石分异度D_H以及主要化石种相对百分含量的高值区的主轴线的走向与现代黄海暖流的流路密切相关。得出黄海暖流由南黄海东南部流入北黄海,通过渤海海峡的北侧进入渤海,在渤海中部呈南北向伸展。 相似文献
20.
何良彪 《海洋学报(英文版)》1985,4(1):92-98
Analyses of clay mineralogy about 30 surface sediments indicate widespread occurrence of illite, kaolinite, chlorite and montmorillonite throughout the Bohai Sea. Illite is the most abundant mineral, averaging 60%, kaolinite, next to illite, is the most abundant one,averaging 18%. Chlorite and montmorillonite come second, averaging 12% and 10% respectively. The distributive patterns of clay minerals in the surface sediments are closely related to the suspended materials carried into the Bohai Sea, especially to those did by the Huanghe River, and to water dynamics in the area. Based on the distribution, the assemblages and the others of clay minerals, the Bohai Sea can be divided into two clay mineral regions, the Liaodong Gulf region and the Bohai-Laizhou Bay region. 相似文献