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1.
【目的】建立可用于大规模培养的户外开放式微藻培养体系。【方法】设计一种微藻平面开放浅层培养(Flat,open and shallow,FOS,简称浮法)体系,以小球藻(Chlorella sorokiniana)为模式藻种,探讨温度、光照、pH值和培养基营养成分等因素在该培养体系中对小球藻生长的影响,开展900 L体系的户外培养试验。【结果】浮法体系主要由塑料袋和垫板组成,在该培养体系中的小球藻在20~40℃范围内均可生长,最适生长温度为30~35℃。小球藻生长有明显的照度依赖性,无光时几不生长,随着照度升高,生长速度加快,在较高的照度下表现有光饱和现象。以TAP为基础培养基,在碳源或氮源缺乏时小球藻几不生长。pH 7.5左右有利于小球藻生长。900 L体系的户外培养试验的生物量(干物质得率)为0.15 g/(L·d)。【结论】在此新型户外平面开放浅层微藻培养体系中,温度、照度、pH值及营养成分等对小球藻的生长均有不同程度的影响。该体系有成本低、操作简便、容易控制、自然资源利用率高等特点,有大面积推广潜力。 相似文献
2.
In order to study the adaptability of Arctic mieroalgae to different environmental temperatures, the growth curves and antioxidase system of three microalgae ( Skeletonema marinoi, Chlorella sp. and Chlam ydomonas sp. ) that were separated from the Ny-Alesund, the high Arctic, at different low temperatures (0 ℃, 4 ℃ and 8 ℃ ) were determined. The result showed that the adaptability of the microalgae to temperatures depended on the species. The growth rate, SOD and CAT activities of Skeletonema marinoi were the highest at 4 ℃,but MDA content was the lowest. The growth rate and enzyme activity of Chlorella sp. were the highest at 8 ℃, while the lowest MDA content presented at 0 ℃. The growth of Chlamydomonas sp. at the different temperatures was not so significant, the lowest MDA content presented at 8 ℃. The change of antioxidase system also depended on species and temperatures. Three indexes of antioxidase system of Skeletonema marinoi between 0 ℃ and 4 ℃ showed extremely significant difference (p < 0. 01 ). SOD activity of Skeletonema marinoi and Chlorella sp. between 0 ℃ and 8 ℃ showed significant difference (p<0.05),and the other two indexes of them differed insignificantly. Antioxidase systems of Chlamydomonas sp. at the three temperatures differed insignificantly. In conclusion, the three microalgae had good adaptability to the three temperatures;their MDA content presented a low level, and had unique physiological mechanism to adapt to the environment with different low temperatures. 相似文献
3.
The changes of plasmalemma permeability and some primary inorganic ions of Antarctic ice microalgae （ Chlamydomonas sp. ICE-L） in the low-temperature stress were examined. The plasmalemma of 1CE-L could maintain the stability at the freezing condition of -6 ℃. That signifies that it could maintain the proper function of plasmalemma and stability of the intracellular environment during sea ice formation. The function of inorganic ions on low-temperature adaptation of ICE-L was investigated by using the X-ray microanalysis method. Low temperature （0 - -6 ℃ ） induces Ca^2 ＋ concentration increment of cytoplasm, but after 24 h the content decrease quickly to normal value. As a matter of fact, Ca^2 ＋ plays an important role as the second messenger in the low temperature adaptation of ICE-L. In addition, low temperature also influences on the other primary inorganic ions transfer and the cell maintains activity by keeping ratio balance among different ions. Above all, it is necessary for Antarctic ice microalgae to survive and breed by maintaining the stability of K^ ＋ content and the balance of Na^ ＋/Cl^ -. 相似文献
4.
Understanding the effects of simulated warming on photosynthetic performance of aquatic plants may provide strong supports for predicting future dynamics of wetland ecosystems in the context of climate change. The plateau wetlands located in Yunnan province are highly sensitive to climate warming due to their high altitude and cold temperature. Here, we conducted a temperaturecontrolled experiment using two temperature manipulations (ambient temperature as the control and 2°C higher than ambient temperature as the warmed treatment) to determine the photosynthetic characteristics of two lakeside dominant species (Scirpus validus Vahl and Typha orientalis C. Presl.) in Dianchi Lake. Net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci), and transpiration rate of S. validus that grew under warmed treatment were all significantly higher than those under the control. Gs and Ci of T. orientalis showed similar patterns as S. validus did. For the response curves of Pn to photosynthetic active radiation (Pn-PAR) and intercellular CO2 concentration (Pn-Ci), S. validus had higher Pn values under elevated temperatures than the control, while Pn-PAR and Pn-Ci curves of T. orientalis did not separate clearly under two temperature scenarios. Both S. validus and T. orientalis had higher maximum net photosynthetic rate, light saturation point, dark respiration rate, the maximum rate of RuBP carboxylation (Vcmax), maximum electron transport rate driving RuBP regeneration (Jmax), the ratio of Vcmax to Jmax, triosephosphate utilization, and 1, 5-bishosphate carboxylase ribulose content under warmed treatment than those under the control. This study provides a preliminary step for predicting the future primary production and vegetation dynamics of plateau wetlands in Yunnan province. 相似文献
5.
GSH system plays a role in the control of the redox balance state,anti-oxidation and protecting life from injury of ROS(reactive oxygen species).In present paper,the possible GSH system of Chlamydomonas sp.ICE-L has been investigated by evaluating GSH and GSH-related enzymatic responses at different temperatures using spectrophotometer methods.The results showed that the GSH system is correlated positively to low temperature,and other factors but GR are correlated negatively to high temperature.So GSH and GSH-related enzymes play an important role in the adaptation of Antarctic ice microalgae to low temperature. 相似文献
6.
K. K. I. U. Arunakumara ZHANG Xuecheng 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2008,7(1):60-64
7.
The effects of four microalgae,Chlorella vulgaris,Platymonas helgolandicavar,Isochrysis galbana,and Nitzschia closterium on the grazing and filtering rates of the marine rotifer,Brachionus plicatilis,were evaluated under laboratory conditions.The grazing rates in separate cultures of the four microalga were as follows:C.vulgaris > P.helgolandicavar > I.galbana > N.closterium.However,the filtering rates occurred in the following order:P.helgolandicavar > N.closterium > C.vulgaris > I.galbana.A mixed diets ex... 相似文献
8.
Carla BOSSARD 《山地科学学报》2011,8(6):794-807
This paper reports the first photosynthetic study of marestail in Jiuzhaigou. In this work, we used PAM fluorometry to examine
photosynthetic rates of submerged and emerged marestail in three lakes. Three lakes were studied across a gradient of water
temperature, with low water temperature conditions in Grass Lake and Arrow Bamboo Lake, and higher water temperature in Five
Colored Lake. In the field, electron transport rates (ETRmax) were measured as rapid light curves (RLCs) by in situ yield measurements. Submerged and emerged marestail showed higher
photosynthetic activity in Five Colored Lake compared to the other lakes, a response consistent with the adaptation of marestail
in Five Colored Lake to high water temperature. The optimal temperature for photosynthesis of submerged marestail in Jiuzhaigou
was about 12 °C. Nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ) of submerged and emerged marestail increased with increasing water temperature.
Maximum quantum yield (F
v/F
m) of submerged marestail in Five Colored Lake showed full recovery at 1700 h due to higher NPQ. Further, the chlorophyll a for submerged marestail was the highest in Grass Lake and the lowest in Five Colored Lake. These results indicate that in
different lakes the function of these aquatic plants is associated with a diversity of place-dependent environmental conditions,
especially water temperature that leads to pronounced differences in the plant’s ecophysiological reactions. 相似文献
9.
Bryopsis hypnoides Lamouroux is a unique intertidal siphonous green alga whose extruded protoplasm can aggregate spontaneously in seawater to form numerous new cells that can develop into mature algal thalli.In this study,the photosynthetic responses during dehydration of both the thalli and protoplasts isolated from B.hypnoides were measured using a Dual-PAM(pulse amplitude modulation)-100 fluorometer.The results show that the photosynthetic rates of B.hypnoides thalli were maintained for an initial period,beyond which continued desiccation resulted in reduced rates of PSI and PSII.However,the photosynthetic performances of the isolated protoplasts dehydrated in air(CO2 concentration 600±700 mg/L) showed a slight increase of Y(II) at 20% water loss,but the rates decreased thereafter with declining water content.When protoplasts were dehydrated in CO2 deficient conditions(CO2 concentration 40±80 mg/L),the values of Y(II) declined steadily with increased dehydration without an initial rise.These results indicated that the thalli and isolated protoplasts of this alga can utilize CO2 in ambient air effectively,and the photosynthetic performances of the isolated protoplasts were significantly different from that of the thalli during dehydration.Thus the protoplasts may be an excellent system for the study of stress tolerance. 相似文献
10.
The rates of photosynthesis and respiration ofPorphyra, Laminaria andUndaria were determined with an oxygenmeter at different temperatures in an enclosed continuous-flow system. The temperature coefficients
of respiration and the net primary productivities for the three species were calculated. The spectacular rates of primary
production were found to be as high as 270 g C m−2 forP. yezoensis, 2200 g C m−2 forL. japonica and 160 g C m−2 forU. pinnatifida annually. The low respiratory rates of these three species as well as low light compensation points especially at low temperatures
are considered as a reason to save heat energy, resulting in a high productivity, especially in case ofLaminaria.
Contribution No. 945 from the Institute of Oceanology, Academia Sinica.
The paper was presented at the International Phycological Society Meeting, 19–22 Aug. 1980, Glasgow, UK. 相似文献
11.
Gao Yaping Jiang Zengjie Du Meirong Fang Jinghui Jiang Weiwei Fang Jianguang 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2019,37(1):199-209
In recent years, extreme heat events have occurred worldwide and the ocean temperature has been rising, causing stress on the photosynthesis and growth of seagrass. Metabolomics enables detection of metabolic changes under environmental stress. In this study, the photosynthetic physiology and metabolic changes of the eelgrass Zostera marina L. in response to 48 h exposure to 32°C were investigated. The results showed that high temperature induced signi?cant inhibition of photosynthetic effciency(Δ F/F′ m)(23.9%lower than the control), enhanced respiration(58.3% higher), and decreased carbohydrate decomposition products and tricarboxylic acid(TCA) cycle intermediate products, indicating that the energy supply of the eelgrass may be insuffcient at high temperature. In addition, high temperature decreased stearic acid and linoleic acid in eelgrass, suggesting the composition of the membrane system of eelgrass may change at high temperature and implying that high temperature may cause the membrane system to be unstable. 相似文献
12.
Phaeocystis globosa is a harmful algal bloom(HAB) species worldwide.Using modified clay(MC) to control HAB s and to mitigate their adverse effects is currently a commonly used method in China.In this paper,the effects of oxidized composite modified clay(OXI-MC) on P.globosa were studied from different perspectives.The results show that the OXI-MC could effectively remove P.globosa and inhibit both the growth of residual algal cells and the formation of new colonies.The P.globosa algal biomass removal efficiencies after 3 h reached 90% at a dose of 0.1 g/L,and the number of colonies with different particle sizes was greatly reduced.Compared with those of the control,the superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity,catalase(CAT) activity,and malondialdehyde(MDA) content of the residual algae significantly increased,indicating that OXI-MC caused oxidative stress in the algal cells.In addition,we evaluated the effects of OXI-MC on the photo synthe sis of residual microalgae and found that the maximal photochemical efficiency of photosystem II(PSII) under dark adaptation(F_v/F_m) and actual photochemical efficiency of PSII(cDPSII) decreased,severely damaging the photosynthesis efficiency,implying that OXI-MC effected the photosynthesis system of P.globosa.The results of this study clarify that OXI-MC could remove the most of algal cells and break up the colonies of P.globosa by collision,flocculation,and releasing active substances,as well as inhibit effectively the growth and colony formation of residual P.globosa by causing oxidative stress,reducing photosynthesis activity,accelerating the degradation of polysaccharides,and inhibiting the formation of colonies. 相似文献
13.
微藻的营养价值与其EPA 含量有直接关系,生态条件的改变对微藻EPA 含量影响显著.从温度、光照、营养盐、盐度、pH 值、生长期等6 个方面对相关研究成果进行综述.微藻种类不同,其EPA 产生生态条件不同.温度对微藻EPA 影响-般与该藻生长温度相适应,在最适生长温度下培养的微藻其EPA 含量也最高;低光照有利于EPA 的生成;营养盐的种类和浓度变化对微藻EPA 含量影响显著;微藻在生长适宜的盐度条件下,EPA 含量通常也能达到最大值;每种微藻均有最适生产EPA 的酸碱度范围;微藻种类不同,EPA 含量达到最高值时的生长阶段也不一样. 相似文献
14.
Chia Shir Reen Chew Kit Wayne Show Pau Loke Sivakumar Manickam Ling Tau Chuan Tao Yang 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2019,37(3):898-908
Microalgae, a sustainable source of multi beneficial components has been discovered and could be utilised in pharmaceutical, bioenergy and food applications. This study aims to investigate the sugaring-out effect on the recovery of protein from wet green microalga, Chlorella sorokiniana CY1 which was assisted with sonication. A comparison of monosaccharides and disaccharides as one of the phaseforming constituents shows that the monosaccharides, glucose was the most suitable sugar in forming the phases with acetonitrile to enhance the production of protein(52% of protein). The protein productivity of microalgae was found to be significantly influenced by the volume ratio of both phases, as the yield of protein increased to 77%. The interval time between the sonication as well as the sonication modes were influencing the protein productivity as well. The optimum protein productivity was obtained with 10 s of resting time in between sonication. Pulse mode of sonication was suitable to break down the cell wall of microalgae compared to continuous mode as a lower protein yield was obtained with the application of continuous mode. The optimum condition for protein extraction were found as followed: 200 g/L glucose as bottom phase with volume ratio of I:1.25, 10 s of resting time for ultrasonication, 5 s of ultrasonication in pulse mode and 0.25 g of biomass weight. The high yield of protein about 81% could be obtained from microalgae which demonstrates the potential of this source and expected to play an important role in the future. 相似文献
15.
为了分析冻土地基中输电线路基础发生冻拔破坏的科学问题, 以锥管板条装配式基础为研究对象, 采用室内模型试验测试及分析的研究方法, 开展了不同环境温度下, 冻土地基的冻结试验和基础的上拔加载试验, 分析了地基温度场、位移场的分布特征以及基础抗拔承载力与温度之间的关系, 揭示出上拔荷载作用下冻土地基的破坏模式。研究结果表明: 冻结试验中, 模型基础的冻拔位移均小于周围地基土体的冻胀位移, 基础对地基土体的冻胀存在反约束作用, 距离基础越近, 约束作用越明显; 不同冻结环境温度下基础的上拔加载试验中, 抗拔极限承载力均随环境温度的降低近似呈线性增大, 增加速率接近1.8 kN/℃; 在冻结与上拔力双重作用下, 地基土体首先出现局部张拉破坏, 随着上拔荷载的不断增加, 地基土体逐渐由局部张拉破坏过渡为整体剪切破坏。研究成果可为这种形式的基础在冻土地基中的应用提供理论依据和实践经验。 相似文献
16.
曹吉祥 《中国海洋湖沼学报》1996,(4)
This study on the effect of different concentrations of germanium dioxide (GeO_2) on the specificgrowth rate (SGR), pigment contents, protein content and amino acid composition of Spirulina platensisshowed that Ge was not the essential element of this alga; that GeO_2 could speed up growth and raiseprotein content of S. platensis, and could possibly influence the photosynthesis system. The concentrationrange of GeO_2 beneficial to growth of S. platensis is from 5-100 mg/l. GeO_2 is proposed to be util-ized to remove contamination by Chlorella spp. usually occurring in the cultivation of Spirulina. 相似文献
17.
THE AVAILABILITY OF DISSOLVED ORGANIC PHOSPHORUS COMPOUNDS TO MARINE PHYTOPLANKTON 总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12
The availability of three dissolved organic phosphorus (DOP) compounds as nutrient sources for experimentalcultare of three algae was studied. Results indicated that these compounds could be utilized byalgae, and that dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP) was first to be uptaken when various forms ofphosphorus (DIP and DOP) co-existed. Dicrateria zhanjiangensis' uptake of sodium glycerophosphatewas faster than that of D-ribose-5-phosphate. The increase of sodium glycerphosphate had little effecton the maximum uptake rate(V_(max)) of Chlorella sp., but increased the semisaturation constant(K_s) remarkably;the photosynthesis rates(PR) of Dicrateria zhanjiangensis and Chlorella sp. were rarely affected byusing various forms of phosphorus in the culture experiments. The possible DOP pathways utilizedby algae are discussed. 相似文献
18.
Examination of Daytime Length''''s Influence on Phytoplankton Growth in Jiaozhou Bay, China 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
1 INTRODUCTIONSystematicstudyisusefulforhumanvisualizationandcomprehensionofanetworkofcomplicatedcompo nentsandprocessesinvolvingfrequentenergyflow ,consideringenergyasthebasisofbothstructureandprocess (Automa ,1 993) .Energylanguageisaconceptfordepictingasysteminwhichallphenomenaareac companiedbyenergytransformation .Thefunctionoftheecosystemovertheworlddependsontheenergyfixationbymarineplantphotosynthesis ,mostofthemarefixedbymicrophytoplanktonnearseasurfaceexposedtosunlight (Niebaken … 相似文献
19.
根据2010~2011年中街山列岛水域4个季节的渔业资源调查资料,分析了该水域虾类资源密度和群落多样性,并探讨了底层温度、底层盐度和水深对虾类数量分布和多样性的影响.结果表明:共有虾类20种,隶属于9科18属;广温广盐种无论在种类数还是尾数密度与生物量均占主导地位;虾类生物量和尾数密度在季节分布上,以冬季最高,冬季均与春、夏和秋三季呈显著差异(p值<0.05);平面分布上,生物量与密度指数总体上呈南北高、中间低,东部高西部低的特征;生物量与平均底温显著相关(P<0.05),与平均底盐和水深相关性较差(p值>0.05);葛氏长臂虾、细巧仿对虾、中国毛虾、日本鼓虾和中华管鞭虾为四季的优势种,且均属广温广盐种;虾类群落Margalef丰富度指数为0.61~1.09,Shannon-Wiener多样性指数为0.76~1.31,Pielou均匀度指数为0.50~0.70,其中丰富度指数和多样性指数春季与冬季均存在显著差异(P<0.05),均匀度指数秋季与冬季存在显著差异(p值<0.05). 相似文献
20.
The Arctic sea ice minimum records appeared in the Septembers of 2007 and 2012, followed by high snow cover areas in the Northern Hemisphere winters. The snow cover distributions show different spatial patterns in these two years: increased snow cover in Central Asia and Central North America in 2007, while increased snow cover in East Asia and northwestern Europe in 2012. The high snow cover anomaly shifted to higher latitudes in winter of 2012 compared to 2007. It is noticed that the snow cover had positive anomaly in 2007 and 2012 with the following conditions: the negative geopotential height and the related cyclonic wind anomaly were favorable for upwelling, and, with the above conditions, the low troposphere and surface air temperature anomaly and water vapor anomaly were favorable for the formation and maintenance of snowfalls. The negative geopotential height, cyclonic wind and low air temperature conditions were satisfied in different locations in 2007 and 2012, resulting in different spatial snow cover patterns. The cross section of lower air temperature move to higher latitudes in winter of 2012 compared to 2007. 相似文献