共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 187 毫秒
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许昌麦岭水源地可开采量的水均衡法计算 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
根据许昌麦岭镇多年地下水动态观测资料,利用水均衡法原理,对水源地边界地质条件、补给与排泄的关系进行研究,对地下水允许开采量进行综合评价,提出水源地水量开采的建议。 相似文献
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太原东山岩溶地下水系统的边界用地质构造结合水位及水化学资料以及水的稳定同位素含量进行了详细研究。北部以系舟山断褶带为界。沿该边界北边松散层中排出的三个泉群是东山岩溶地下水深部循环的结果。东山局部系统的地下水可以排入地表河流并以总的向东方向流入滹沱河。由大威山—杨坪望背斜组成的南部边界是不透水的,这就得出结论在榆次附近三叠系中溢出的沅涡泉排除了来自东山岩溶地下水的补给可能。西部边界以三个断裂带作为边界。东山岩溶地下水在该边界北部可以流入太原盆地,在谷旦附近可以补给第四系含水层,而在边界南部东山煤矿附近处在滞流带。 相似文献
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金为芝 《水文地质工程地质》1988,(1)
我们知道,在进行有限元计算中,边界条件必须是已知的,对于第二类边界,亦必须已知它的渗流量方能进行地下水有限元计算。但是笔者在进行某水源地的设计开釆井开采预报时,却遇到了这样的问题:计算区边界是一个受地下水补给的湖泊,在水源地开釆前,湖水与地下水处在均衡状态。也就是说,可假设在一个水文年内,地下水对湖的补给与湖水向外排泄是平衡的。湖水位在一个水文年后基本上总能恢复 相似文献
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典型红层严重缺水地区地下水补径排的关系如何？浅表层分化裂隙水补给来源和途径如何？是我们在实施红层找水工作中最为关心的问题。本文以重庆荣昌县为研究区,结合地下水1：5万水文地质调查工作,采用氢氧同位素测年方法,较为系统地研究了地下水的补给、径流、排泄循环关系和地下水储存规律,得出红层浅层地下水主要补给为大气降水,其次是地表水体。具有就地补给、就近排泄的循环特点。地下水总的富集规律是低山、岭、丘贫水,沟、谷、洼地富水。地貌是浅层地下水富集的主控因素。 相似文献
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鄂尔多斯盆地白垩系地下水循环特征的水化学证据——以查布水源地为例 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
从水化学角度出发,利用查布水源地水化学水平及垂向分布特征,分析了查布水源地地下水的循环规律。结果表明:从水源地地下水水化学空间分布规律及从东西部水化学演化规律对比特征来看,水源地地下水在东部边界接受补给,地下水从东向西径流,在西边界排出区外。从水化学成分的垂向变化特征得出:包乐浩晓苏木以东的地下水从上向下径流,包乐浩晓苏木以西的地下水从下向上径流,地下水由中深层向上顶托补给浅层地下水。水源地地下水浅循环与中循环的分界线在埋深150～200 m之间;中循环和深循环的分界线在埋深600 m左右。 相似文献
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降水量与地下水补给量的关系分析 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
降水入渗补给是地下水的主要补给源，研究降水与地下水的关系，主要是分析由于降水垂直入渗引起的地下水位的变化。本文主要通过对降水入渗机理、影响水入渗的因素、降水入渗补给量计算的研究，分析降水量与地下水补给量的关系。 相似文献
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开展河流和地下水转换关系研究对于区域水资源合理开发利用具有重要意义。文章以大西沟河水与地下水转换关系为目标,在分析地下水动力场的基础上,通过水化学类型、溶解性总固体(TDS)、氯离子（Cl-）等水化学以及环境同位素18O、D、T等指标作为示踪剂,分析大西沟河和地下水的转换关系和转化强度。结果表明:研究区河流和地下水化学类型主要为HCO3—Ca,水化学类型空间分布特征相似;TDS和Cl-浓度表现为先增加后下降,但地下水的变化幅度大于河水。通过对大西沟河水和地下水中的水化学和环境同位素指标对比分析,发现研究区河流与地下水之间补给排泄关系具有明显的分段性;从河流出山口到下游地区,河水和地下水之间发生了三次转化关系:在山前倾斜砾质平原区以河水入渗补给地下水为主,补给量占该段潜水径流量的56%;到了细土平原区出现地下水补给河水地段,补给源为承压水越流补给潜水后的混合水体,潜水和承压水补给比例占该段河水径流量的20.4%与58.4%;风成沙漠区河水沿途渗漏补给地下水直至河流断流。本次研究结果为建立研究区水循环演化模式和水资源合理开发利用提供了理论和技术支持。 相似文献
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地下水的补排主要包括垂向的地面入渗补给、蒸发排泄（蒸发可视为入渗的负值）及侧向的地表水补给、排泄。水文地质学最基本的问题之一——地下水可持续开釆量的评价准则,涉及补给的增量与排泄的减量,因此地下水开采的预测模型必须包含上述两类的补给、排泄因素,否则不能满足要求。然而,经典的Theis不稳定井流模型,即使在傍河抽水,也只有侧边界的补给、排泄作用,而不涉及上边界的地面入渗补给。这样一来,这个解析模型基本上不能够用于预测,而只能在旱季用于井流试验求取含水系统的参数。为此,文章的目标是发展具地面入渗补给的Theis不稳定潜水井流模型。对于潜水流问题,不能再用承压水流的以水头为应变量的方程来建立,应采用第二类线性化方法的势函数来建立潜水流问题。对于既有降雨入渗补给,又有抽水井作用的复杂的水文地质问题所概化数学模型的求解,采取的方法是把它分解成若干个简单的子模型问题求解,然后将其合成为原来复杂数学模型的解。基于质量守恒原理,假定渗流服从Darcy定律并满足Dupuit徦定建立了水流基本微分方程。然后对于两平行河流及一河流平行一隔水边界形成的两类条形区域,具地面均匀稳定入渗补给的井流问题,获得通用水位方程和几类常见的特定条件水位方程及其流量方程。此外,提出并采用“边界对边界的反映法”用以求解一河流平行一隔水边界条形区域的同一问题,减少了许多推导过程。最后,作为上述理论成果的初步应用,也是一个重要的应用,即在河水水质不能满足要求的河流附近,设有一口抽水井,计算该抽水井在不汲取河水的前提下的临界流量方程,获得具重要意义的结构简洁的关系式。该方程也可以用于滨海区的抽水井,在不发生海水入侵前提下的临界抽水流量计算。给出了上述条件不稳定井流过程某时刻的地下水流网图,其流网与文献中常见的傍河井流的流网相比,具显明的特征。 相似文献
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晋西南峨嵋台塬的岩溶水系统及岩溶水资源潜力 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文通过分析峨嵋台塬的地质结构和岩溶水补给的自然条件,提出:(1)峨嵋台塬岩溶水具独立的地下水系统特征,北边界为里望断裂,南边界为临猗断裂,西边界为沿黄河东岸延展的夹马口—小梁断裂,东边界为稷王山东麓泥页岩带和变质岩体;(2)岩溶水主要来自稷王山裸露区大气降水,少量排向河津—侯马盆地和运城盆地,大量沿临猗断裂带向黄河方向迳流排泄,排泄量不到东王岩溶泉流量的10%;(3)峨嵋台塬岩溶水潜力有限。 相似文献
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A comparison of the d-excess values of precipitation and of spring water, streams, groundwater wells and submarine groundwater discharge indicated that the precipitation that occurred during winter season was an important source of groundwater recharge. Due to the steep slope of the island, most of the short duration and high intensity precipitation is lost through direct surface runoff. The comparison indicated that snowmelt is an important resource of groundwater recharge on Rishiri Island. Future climate change will continue to diminish the snowpack, and therefore, reduce groundwater recharge. It may cause the decline of the groundwater level in the coastal area and possibly shift the saline–freshwater boundary on the island. Chloride data indicated that saltwater intrusion is beginning to occur on the western flank of the island. A Piper diagram shows that the water samples are characterized by the dominance of the Ca–HCO3 and Na–Cl type. Their chemistry probably results from sea salt spray and the dissolution of minerals. These results support the need for the effective management of groundwater resources. 相似文献
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Artificial groundwater recharge to a semi-arid basin: case study of Mujib aquifer,Jordan 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Mujib watershed is an important groundwater basin which is considered a major source for drinking and irrigation water in
Jordan. Increased dependence on groundwater needs improved aquifer management with respect to understanding deeply recharge
and discharge issues, planning rates withdrawal, and facing water quality problems arising from industrial and agricultural
contamination. The efficient management of this source depends on reliable estimates of the recharge to groundwater and is
needed in order to protect Mujib basin from depletion. Artificial groundwater recharge was investigated in this study as one
of the important options to face water scarcity and to improve groundwater storage in the aquifer. A groundwater model based
on the MODFLOW program, calibrated under both steady- and unsteady-state conditions, was used to investigate different groundwater
management scenarios that aim at protecting the Mujib basin. The scenarios include variations of abstraction levels combined
with different artificial groundwater recharge quantities. The possibilities of artificial groundwater recharge from existing
and proposed dams as well as reclaimed municipal wastewater were investigated. Artificial recharge options considered in this
study are mainly through injecting water directly to the aquifer and through infiltration from reservoir. Three scenarios
were performed to predict the aquifer system response under different artificial recharge options (low, moderate, and high)
which then compared with no action (recharge) scenario. The best scenario that provides a good recovery for the groundwater
table and that can be feasible is founded to be by reducing current abstraction rates by 20% and implementing the moderate
artificial recharge rates of 26 million(M)m3/year. The model constructed in this study helps decision makers and planners in selecting optimum management schemes suitable
for such arid and semi-arid regions. 相似文献
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文章利用水化学、2H、18O同位素、87Sr/86Sr比值、13C和14C同位素对济南岩溶地下水补给来源、地热水补给来源进行研究。结果表明,岩溶冷水水化学类型以HCO3-Ca、HCO3·SO4-Ca型为主、地热水以SO4-Ca型为主。在旱季,间接补给区对泉群地下水补给比率在66.00%~73.58%之间,直接补给区仅占到26.42%~34.00%,旱季泉水的主要来源为间接补给区岩溶地下水。地热水受到了更新世以来的降水补给,是不同时期降水补给所形成的混合地下水,接受补给区域应为高程较高的张夏或者炒米店-三山子组地层,补给高程在350~550 m之间。 相似文献
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Despite the continuous increase in water supply from desalination plants in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi, groundwater remains the major source of fresh water satisfying domestic and agricultural demands. Groundwater has always been considered as a strategic water source towards groundwater security in the Emirate. Understanding the groundwater flow system, including identification of recharge and discharge areas, is a crucial step towards proper management of this precious source. One main tool to achieve such goal is a groundwater model development. As such, the main aim of this paper is to develop a regional groundwater flow model for the surficial aquifer in Abu Dhabi Emirate using MODFLOW. Up to our knowledge, this is the first regional numerical groundwater flow model for Abu Dhabi Emirate. After steady state and transient model calibration, several future scenarios of recharge and pumping are simulated. Results indicate that groundwater pumping remains several times higher than aquifer recharge from rainfall, which provides between 2 and 5% of total aquifer recharge. The largest contribution of recharge is due to subsurface inflow from the eastern Oman Mountains. While rainfall induced groundwater level fluctuation is absent in the western coastal region, it reaches a maximum of 0.5 m in the eastern part of the Emirate. In contrast, over the past decades, groundwater levels have declined annually by 0.5 m on average with local extremes spanning from 93 m of decline to 60 m of increase. Results also indicate that a further decrease in groundwater levels is expected in most of Emirate. At other few locations, upwelling of groundwater is expected due to a combination of reduced pumping and increased infiltration of water from nonconventional sources. Beyond results presented here, this regional groundwater model is expected to provide an effective tool to water resources managers in Abu Dhabi. It will help to accurately estimate sustainable extraction rates, assess groundwater availability, and identify pathways and velocity of groundwater flow as crucial information for identifying the best locations for artificial recharge. 相似文献