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1.
The collision of the Iranian microcontinent with the Afro-Arabian continent resulted in the deformation of the Zagros orogenic belt. The foreland of this belt in the Persian Gulf and Arabian platform has been investigated for its petroleum and gas resource potentials, but the Zagros hinterland is poorly investigated and our knowledge about its deformation is much less than other parts of this orogen. Therefore, this work presents a new geological map, stratigraphic column and two detailed geological cross sections. This study indicates the presence of a hinterland fold-and-thrust belt on northeastern side of the Zagros orogenic core that consists of in-sequence thrusting and basement involvement in this important part of the Zagros hinterland. The in-sequence thrusting resulted in first- and second-order duplex systems, Mode I fault-bend folding, fault-propagation folding and asymmetric detachment folding which indicate close relationships between folding and thrusting. Study of fault-bend folds shows that layer-parallel simple shear has the same role in the southeastern and northwestern parts of the study area (αe = 23.4 ± 9.1°). A major lateral ramp in the basement beneath the Talaee plain with about one kilometer of vertical offset formed parallel to the SW movement direction and perpendicular to the major folding and thrusting. 相似文献
2.
滇西勐海西定地区,在大地构造上位于西南“三江”造山带南段昌宁-孟连结合带东侧的双江-澜沧俯冲增生杂岩带内。该区分布有一套晚古生代的浅变质碎屑岩系--南段组(DCn)。该套地层既显示层型面状构造型式,又发育有顺层片理、顺层掩卧褶皱、粘滞型石香肠及顺层韧性剪切带等构造形迹,具明显的分层剪切变形、横向构造置换和顺层固态流变特点,构成较典型的褶叠层构造。本文对其构造变形特征进行了系统分析与总结,结合区域构造背景研究成果认为,南段组褶叠层构造总体形成于昌宁-孟连古特提斯洋闭合后同碰撞造山收缩挤压背景下的伸展剪切机制。同时指出,南段组是经过构造改造重建而形成的构造地层单元,应称其为南段岩组;现今露头剖面所见南段岩组岩性组合及厚度只代表改造后构造地层的岩性组合特征及褶叠层的露头厚度,不能完全代表南段组原沉积地层的韵律组合及沉积地层厚度;应按构造地层单位进行划分、填图和研究。褶叠层构造作为浅变质岩区一种普遍的构造型式,是对岩石变形组合特征的客观认识,其构造型式、形成机制、形成层次以及形成时间的研究对分析造山带构造演化过程和深化大陆动力学机制的认识具有科学意义。 相似文献
3.
Alireza Nadimi 《Geotectonics》2015,49(6):560-578
Cherty marbles of Hasan-Robat area, northwest of Isfahan, in the Sanandaj–Sirjan Zone of Iran preserves evidences of multiple deformational events. The Sanandaj–Sirjan Zone is the inner crystalline zone of the Zagros Orogen, which has been highly deformed and exhumed during continental collision between the Arabian Plate and Central Iran. The Hasan-Robat area is an example of the exposed Precambrian–Paleozoic basement rocks that stretched along two NW–SE-trending faults and located in the inner part of the HasanRobat positive flower strcuture. The Hasan-Robat marbles record a complex shortening and shearing history. This lead to the development of disharmonic ptygmatic folds with vertical to sub-vertical axes and some interference patterns of folding that may have been created from deformations during the Pan-African Orogeny and later phases. Based on this research, tectonic evolution of the Hasan-Robat area is interpreted as the product of three major geotectonic events that have been started after Precambrian to Quaternary: (1) old deformation phases (2) contractional movements and (3) strike-slip movements. Different sets and distributions of joints, faults and folds are confirmed with effect of several deformational stages of the area and formation of the flower structure. 相似文献
4.
松辽盆地及外围地区石炭系—二叠系烃源岩的特征 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
松辽盆地及外围地区晚古生代构造层因长期以来被视为中—新生代盆地的变质褶皱“基底”而受到油气勘探界的忽略。近4年的野外调查和室内研究结果表明,本区上古生界除局部遭受不同程度的动力接触变质或热力变质外,并没有发生区域变质作用。初步查明本区石炭系—二叠系在区域上分布4套烃源岩,自上而下为：上二叠统(林西组、索伦组)、中二叠统(哲斯组、吴家屯组)、上石炭统—下二叠统(本巴图组、阿木山组)和下石炭统(白家店组、红水泉组)。其中上二叠统和中二叠统中的暗色泥岩单层最大厚度达百余米、累计厚度达数百米至千余米,区域分布广,依据有机地球化学主要指标(有机碳、成熟度、干酪根类型),综合评价为中等—好烃源岩,是本区上古生界2套区域主力生烃层系,具有良好的油气资源远景,可望构成松辽及外围地区油气勘探战略接替新层系。 相似文献
5.
Hormozgan Province with arid climate is an important source of energy resources for Iran. This study investigates the results of hydrogeochemical investigation and its tectonic control in Hormozgan Province, Southern Iran. The chemical analysis of 158 groundwater samples was evaluated to determine the hydrogeochemical processes and ion concentration background in the region. Several NW-SE trending and NE-dipping basement reverse faults have intersected the area and have divided it into four tectonic terranes. Huge extension of Hormuz Formation in Zagros Foredeep tectonic terrane has increased the cations, Cl and SO4 concentration in groundwaters. HCO3 concentration in Sanandaj-Sirjan Zone and High Zagros is the result of silicate weathering or carbonates. Eighty-three percent of samples have negative CAI values in High Zagros, Sanandaj-Sirjan Zone, and eastern Zagros Fold Thrust Belt. The dominant hydrochemical facies of groundwater are Na-Mg-Ca-Cl (25.3% of samples) and Na-Mg-Cl (20.9% of samples). They are confined to the west of Main Zagros Reverse Fault and east of High Zagros Fault, respectively. The salt content of the groundwater indicates samples with very high salinity—as a result of Hormuz Formation—are mainly limited to the west of High Zagros Fault while samples with high to medium salinity are mainly limited to the east of this fault. Eastward increment of rock weathering is controlled with thrust faults activity of the area and southwestward migration of deformation front. Westward increment of evaporites is compatible with Hormuz Formation/salt dome density through the area. 相似文献
6.
鄂尔多斯盆地保德地区上古生界沉积相与沉积演化特征 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
山西组与下石盒子组是鄂尔多斯盆地上古生界主要的勘探目的层系,本溪组和太原组发育的煤层是主要的烃源岩,深入研究上古生界沉积相及沉积演化特征对油气勘探具有一定的指导意义。以保德地区扒楼沟剖面露头实测为基础,通过岩性和岩石组合、沉积相分析,建立了不同沉积体系的沉积序列,并进一步探讨了该区上古生界沉积演化过程。结果表明:保德地区上古生界自下而上发育本溪组、太原组、下石盒子组、上石盒子组、石千峰组,识别出障壁海岸、碳酸盐台地、曲流河和辫状河4种沉积相,并建立8种典型的沉积序列;受区域构造演化控制,本溪组与太原组时期发生大规模海侵,山西组至石千峰组时期海水逐渐退出盆地,研究区晚古生代经历了障壁海岸-碳酸盐台地-河流相的沉积演化过程。 相似文献
7.
中国东部断陷盆地基底古 生界潜山具有良好的成藏条件,是基岩油藏重要的勘探领域。渤海湾盆地埕岛油田基底古生界沉积厚度大、岩石类型多、地层残留复杂、构造应力不同,决定了储层物性的平面及纵向差异性,进而影响 了油气成藏的差异性,因此开展地层残留规律的研究是区域古生界油气勘探的关键。以往对地层残留的研究多依据钻井揭示与地震解释的表象研究,缺乏成因过程的深入分析。基于井、震资料分析,开 展了地层发育序列、残留规律研究,在此基础上探讨了研究区地层残留特征的构造意义。主要取得了以下认识：(1)研究区古生界主要发育了寒武系、下-中奥陶统、中-上石炭统及二叠系;(2)古生界整 体呈现出现今南高北低、东高西低的特征。受负反转构造控制,潜山带构造低部位地层残留少;(3)从地层展布规律分析了其经历的主要风化剥蚀期次,推测了地质历史时期的构造特征,佐证了区域构造 演化过程;为东部叠合盆地基底古生界地层特征研究及构造演化提供了参考依据。 相似文献
8.
鄂尔多斯盆地西缘处在阿拉善地块、鄂尔多斯地块及北祁连褶皱带之间的特殊构造位置,因而也是构造-沉积演化特征明显不同于盆地本部的一个复杂构造区。本文试图在西缘南段与盆地本部沉积演化特征对比分析的基础上,结合构造演化与古生界天然气成藏关系的研究,评价优选西缘南段古生界天然气成藏的有利区带和目标。主要形成以下几方面的认识：1）相对盆地本部而言,西缘南段早古生代沉积结束的晚、晚古生代沉积开始的早,表现出拉张、裂陷为主的早期构造活动特征,形成上、下古生界两套有利的成藏组合;中生代（尤其是侏罗纪）以来,则由于受冲断推覆构造活动的影响,西缘南段侏罗系及其后续构造层系的地层厚度在横向上变化较大,各构造层系的厚度差异可达千余米以上;2）西缘南段在大规模冲断推覆构造前即已基本成藏,燕山中-晚期以来的强烈冲断推覆构造,使部分地区古生界地层抬升剥露至近地表附近,导致古生界先成气藏遭受大面积破坏;3）在推覆体系的宽缓向斜区、以及主冲断层下盘的原地岩体中,古生界地层保存相对完整,受断裂破坏程度低,仍具有相对较好的保存条件;4）综合分析认为石沟驿向斜、韦州向斜、红寺堡向斜及银洞子向斜等4个宽缓向斜构造区的上古生界,以及处在惠安堡-沙井子主冲断层下盘原地岩体中的奥陶系台缘相带,是西缘南段古生界岩性圈闭气藏勘探的有利目标。 相似文献
9.
加里东期不整合面是早古生代华北板块内一个重要的盆地性质转换界面。鄂尔多斯盆地奥陶系风化壳岩溶型油气藏和二叠系本溪组、太原组铝土质泥岩气藏的发现,促进了地质学家对该地区古生代加里东运动性质的探讨。基于大量的野外露头、钻井和地震资料,对加里东运动形成的不整合面的识别标志、不整合类型及其空间分布、不整合结构和时间变量进行深入解析。研究表明: (1)加里东运动后,鄂尔多斯盆地的古地貌形态大致可分为鄂托克旗—定边一带的高地貌区、神木—靖边—富县以及吴忠地貌过渡区、中东部地势低缓东倾区; (2)奥陶系顶部不整合面相邻地层呈角度各异的接触关系,具有“削截(下)—整一(上)”、“削截(下)—超覆(上)”的结构,整体表现为盆地边缘为具削截和褶皱的高角度不整合、盆缘向盆内过渡地区的低角度不整合及盆内大范围分布的平行不整合; (3)不整合面也是上、下古生界之间形成的主要风化壳界面,长期的沉积间断和风化剥蚀为该区铝土质泥岩发育奠定了环境背景,而铝土岩不仅可作为下古生界风化壳气藏的理想盖层,同时也是陇东勘探新区天然气大规模聚集成藏的有利场所。 相似文献
10.
The Persian Gulf Basin: Geological history, sedimentary formations, and petroleum potential 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The Persian Gulf Basin is the richest region of the World in terms of hydrocarbon resources. According to different estimates, the basin contains 55–68% of recoverable oil reserves and more than 40% of gas reserves. The basin is located at the junction of the Arabian Shield and Iranian continental block that belong to two different (Arabian and Eurasian) lithospheric plates. Collision of these plates at the Mesozoic/Cenozoic boundary produced the Zagros Fold Belt and the large Mesopotamian Foredeep, which is a member of the Persian Gulf Basin. During the most part of the Phanerozoic, this basin belonged to an ancient passive margin of Gondwana, which was opened toward the Paleotethys Ocean in the Paleozoic and toward the Neotethys in the Mesozoic. Stable subsidence and the unique landscape-climatic conditions favored the accumulation of a very thick sedimentary lens of carbonate rocks and evaporites (up to 12–13 km and more). Carbonate rocks with excellent reservoir properties are widespread, while the evaporites play the role of regional fluid seals. Organicrich rocks, which can generate liquid and gaseous hydrocarbons (HC), are present at different levels in the rock sequence. 相似文献
11.
加里东期不整合面是早古生代华北板块内一个重要的盆地性质转换界面。鄂尔多斯盆地奥陶系风化壳岩溶型油气藏和二叠系本溪组、太原组铝土质泥岩气藏的发现,促进了地质学家对该地区古生代加里东运动性质的探讨。基于大量的野外露头、钻井和地震资料,对加里东运动形成的不整合面的识别标志、不整合类型及其空间分布、不整合结构和时间变量进行深入解析。研究表明: (1)加里东运动后,鄂尔多斯盆地的古地貌形态大致可分为鄂托克旗—定边一带的高地貌区、神木—靖边—富县以及吴忠地貌过渡区、中东部地势低缓东倾区; (2)奥陶系顶部不整合面相邻地层呈角度各异的接触关系,具有“削截(下)—整一(上)”、“削截(下)—超覆(上)”的结构,整体表现为盆地边缘为具削截和褶皱的高角度不整合、盆缘向盆内过渡地区的低角度不整合及盆内大范围分布的平行不整合; (3)不整合面也是上、下古生界之间形成的主要风化壳界面,长期的沉积间断和风化剥蚀为该区铝土质泥岩发育奠定了环境背景,而铝土岩不仅可作为下古生界风化壳气藏的理想盖层,同时也是陇东勘探新区天然气大规模聚集成藏的有利场所。 相似文献
12.
松辽盆地是中国东北部中—新生代陆相沉积盆地,本文在深入分析东北地区古生代地层特征、沉积环境及构造演化基础之上,以过松科二井地区综合地球物理资料解译为基础,开展基底的属性和地球物理特征研究。松科二井南北剖面发现:布格重力异常具有中间高两边低的特点;磁异常呈现出与重力异常负相关的趋势;电性表现为浅部分层、高—低阻交叉重叠和深部分区的特征。东西剖面发现:布格重力异常具有西高东低的趋势;磁异常形态呈"碗状";电性结构与南北剖面相比深部出现了高阻异常。结合地球物理特征与岩相古地理分析,得到以下结论:(1)上古生界晚石炭世至晚二叠世期间,具有浅海相、陆相、河湖相多种沉积环境,相应岩性组合具有不同的物性特征;(2)重磁电地球物理特征揭示了研究区基底主要由泥砂岩、大理岩和侵入岩组成,基底顶面埋深位于7 km左右,上古生界和侵入岩共同组成了研究区基底;(3)识别出了滨州断裂带、孙吴—双辽断裂带、海伦—任民断裂带以及深层次断裂体系的位置和走向,断裂构造主要以SN和EW向为主,它们作为构成古生代构造骨架的重要组成部分,控制着深部油气运移和贮藏。 相似文献
13.
Lead isotope systematics of epigenetic lead-zinc mineralization in the western part of the Rheinisches Schiefergebirge, Germany 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
In the western part of the Rheinisches Schiefergebirge three different types of epigenetic lead-zinc vein mineralization in Paleozoic rocks can be distinguished: 1. Syntectonic Variscan veins, 2. post-Variscan (Saxonian) veins mainly in Paleozoic siliceous clastic rocks, 3. post-Variscan carbonate-hosted mineralization in the Aachen-Stolberg area. Ore impregnations occur in the Triassic Buntsandstein (Bunter sandstone) and Muschelkalk of the Maubach-Mechernich triangular depression covering the Paleozoic rocks. Data points define two distinct populations in both lead isotope diagrams and thus indicate two major Variscan and post-Variscan mineralization events. The lead isotope pattern of the Paleozoic sedimentary rocks bears good evidence that this thick rock sequence may be the main source of metals for the mineralization. The metals were mobilized at deeper levels by saline fluids at different times. There are no direct indications for remobilization of the older Variscan vein ore deposits. The sandstone- and carbonate-hosted ore impregnations of Maubach-Mechernich have a similar lead isotope pattern to the post-Variscan mineralization in the Paleozoic sedimentary basement.Dedicated to Prof. Günther Friedrich on the occasion of his 65th birthday 相似文献
14.
根据合肥盆地及周边地表地质、地震剖面、同位素测年及MT等新资料的综合研究,提出中-新生代合肥盆地的基底是一个不同构造类型基底的叠合与复合.上古生界以前的基底以六安断裂为界,其北为华北板块陆壳型-过渡壳型结晶基底及其上的华北克拉通-被动大陆边缘盆地沉积的上元古-下古生界基底;其南为大别型结晶基底及其上的北淮阳弧后盆地沉积的上元古-下古生界变质基底,而上古生界基底属于弧后前陆盆地型沉积.六安断裂是合肥盆地部位北大别弧、北淮阳晚元古-早古生代弧后盆地在早古生代晚期-晚古生代早期与华北板块的弧-陆碰撞缝合线. 相似文献
15.
Nonconventional hydrocarbon targets in the crystalline basement, and the problem of the recent replenishment of hydrocarbon reserves 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Analysis of the distribution of oil pools in sedimentary cover has shown that known platform hydrocarbon fields are closely associated with faults in the crystalline basement and the sedimentary cover itself. Oil pools in the lower productive beds of the sedimentary cover are linked to faulted zones in the crystalline basement. A genetic relationship between oil fields and tectonic dislocations indicates a dominant role for vertical migration in the accumulation of commercial hydrocarbons in the Paleozoic. The conducted geochemical, palynological, geophysical and geological studies have shown that oil and gas pools in the upper sedimentary cover have been formed due to the vertical migration of hydrocarbons, which is also confirmed by the vertical alignment of the oil pools. 相似文献
16.
古生界是中东地区重要的天然气和轻质原油勘探层系,阿拉伯板块构造--沉积演化为古生界油气聚集成藏提供了有利的石油地质条件。分析认为,前寒武纪—寒武纪早期Huqf群和志留纪Qusaiba段两套优质成熟的烃源岩、多套有利的储盖组合以及一系列大型基底隆起或盐拱成因背斜、断背斜圈闭控制着古生界油气的分布,构成了古生界Huqf和Qusaiba两套主要的含油气系统,每套含油气系统均包括多个油气成藏组合。受早期继承性古隆起和盐构造、有利储盖组合以及断裂通道3个主控因素的影响,古生界油气成藏以下生上储侧向+垂向断裂输导运聚成藏模式为主。 相似文献
17.
鄂尔多斯盆地延长探区上古生界热演化史 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
通过试气静温资料,统计了延长探区上古生界各个主力含气层位的现今地层温度。通过地化资料指出该区上古生界烃源岩热演化程度达到成熟—过成熟阶段,采用经验公式法恢复了对应的最大古地温。采用将今论古方法探讨了该区各个时期的古地温梯度。在剥蚀厚度恢复的基础上,详细配置各个地层的岩性、物性、地化参数等指标,恢复了该区埋藏沉降史和热演化史。沉降史模拟表明:晚三叠世为该区沉降的主要发育时期。热演化史模拟表明:延长探区上古生界烃源岩在早侏罗世进入成熟阶段,晚侏罗世进入高成熟阶段,上古生界烃源岩主生烃期为晚侏罗世—早白垩世。 相似文献
18.
A. Farzipour-Saein F. Nilfouroushan H. Koyi 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,102(8):2117-2135
Systematic analog models are run to study the variation in deformation across basement steps in the Zagros fold-thrust belt. Our model results demonstrate that basement configuration/topography influences the sedimentation thickness and, hence, the kinematics and geometric evolution of the fold and thrust belt. The greater the difference in thickness between the adjacent cover units across a basement step, the sharper and clearer will be the offset of the deformation front. Based on model results, we conclude that in a fold-thrust belt, where basement step/topography is covered by a layer of ductile salt acting as a decollement, the effect of the salt decollement on the evolution of the belt is far greater than the effect of thickness variation of the cover units. 相似文献
19.
The eastern margin of the Qaidam Basin lies in the key tectonic location connecting the Qinling, Qilian and East Kunlun orogens. The paper presents an investigation and analysis of the geologic structures of the area and LA-ICP MS zircon U-Pb dating of Paleozoic and Mesozoic magmatisms of granitoids in the basement of the eastern Qaidam Basin on the basis of 16 granitoid samples collected from the South Qilian Mountains, the Qaidam Basin basement and the East Kunlun Mountains. According to the results in this paper, the basement of the basin, from the northern margin of the Qaidam Basin to the East Kunlun Mountains, has experienced at least three periods of intrusive activities of granitoids since the Early Paleozoic, i.e. the magmatisms occurring in the Late Cambrian (493.1±4.9 Ma), the Silurian (422.9±8.0 Ma-420.4±4.6 Ma) and the Late Permian-Middle Triassic (257.8±4.0 Ma-228.8±1.5 Ma), respectively. Among them, the Late Permian - Middle Triassic granitoids form the main components of the basement of the basin. The statistics of dated zircons in this paper shows the intrusive magmatic activities in the basement of the basin have three peak ages of 244 Ma (main), 418 Ma, and 493 Ma respectively. The dating results reveal that the Early Paleozoic magmatism of granitoids mainly occurred on the northern margin of the Qaidam Basin and the southern margin of the Qilian Mountains, with only weak indications in the East Kunlun Mountains. However, the distribution of Permo-Triassic (P-T) granitoids occupied across the whole basement of the eastern Qaidam Basin from the southern margin of the Qilian Mountains to the East Kunlun Mountains. An integrated analysis of the age distribution of P-T granitoids in the Qaidam Basin and its surrounding mountains shows that the earliest P-T magmatism (293.6-270 Ma) occurred in the northwestern part of the basin and expanded eastwards and southwards, resulting in the P-T intrusive magmatism that ran through the whole basin basement. As the Cenozoic basement thrust system developed in the eastern Qaidam Basin, the nearly N-S-trending shortening and deformation in the basement of the basin tended to intensify from west to east, which went contrary to the distribution trend of N-S-trending shortening and deformation in the Cenozoic cover of the basin, reflecting that there was a transformation of shortening and thickening of Cenozoic crust between the eastern and western parts of the Qaidam Basin, i.e., the crustal shortening of eastern Qaidam was dominated by the basement deformation (triggered at the middle and lower crust), whereas that of western Qaidam was mainly by folding and thrusting of the sedimentary cover (the upper crust). 相似文献
20.
鄂尔多斯盆地北部晚古生代物源区分析及其地质意义 总被引：30，自引：0，他引：30
从构造演化、古地理变迁、源区母岩性质、陆源碎屑组分标型特征等方面对鄂尔多斯盆地北部晚古生代物源区进行研究发现：区域上的南北隆起、中部坳陷的古地理格局决定了晚古生代鄂尔多斯盆地北部物源主要来自于北缘的阴山古陆，二叠纪呈NNE向自北而南展布的河流三角洲及古流向，反映出陆源碎屑物质主要来自北部古陆，鄂尔多斯盆地内部及其北部的结晶基底以太古界和元古界地层为主，在盆地北部基岩分布及类型具有明显的分区特征并导致了东西部地区砂岩储集体岩性的差异，物源与有利储层的发育密切相关。 相似文献