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1.
辽东五行山群的“水母化石”(以下简称“化石”)是刘桂芝1974年冬首先发现的。后经邢裕盛、刘桂芝(1979)以及段吉业、林蔚兴(1980)的研究、描述并发表。 澳大利亚M. F. Glaessner到化石产地进行考察后认为,五行山群的“水母化石”乃是气体逃逸或水渗漏形成的构造而非水母化石1)。这引起国内地质界的广泛注意。 1981年9月,笔者实地考察了五行山群“水母化石”产地,采集了标本,进行了观察研究。并观察了沈阳地矿所和辽宁省地质局科研队的丰富标本和薄片,得到了较深刻的认识。 相似文献
2.
贵州省福泉桅杆坪地区寒武系底部牛蹄塘组黑色页岩中以炭质印模的形式保存有大量宏观后生动物化石.化石微细特征保存较差,多属于疑难化石.该化石组合以化石个体较大的蠕虫状化石和疑似杆壁虫类化石为优势分子,还常见管状类化石、遗迹化石,以及少量的软舌螺、海绵骨针等化石碎片.该化石组合紧位于镍钼多金属层之上,与遵义等地区的松林生物群(牛蹄塘组下生物群)的层位相当,化石组成基本一致,但优势生物存在明显差异.福泉地区牛蹄塘组蠕虫状化石组合的发现,丰富了寒武系牛蹄塘组的生物群面貌,为研究早期后生动物演化提供了新资料和新信息.对该化石组合的进一步研究,也必将为这种特殊生物群的古环境恢复和埋藏学研究提供有利的古生物学证据. 相似文献
3.
An expedition to Melville Island in Nunavut, Canada, recovered the fragmentary fossils of several plesiosaurs from non-marine deposits of the Hauterivian–Aptian Isachsen Formation. These plesiosaur fossils are some of the oldest Early Cretaceous records of the group in North America, and they likely predate the formation of a continuous Western Interior Seaway. The plesiosaurs from Melville Island appear to be primarily juveniles, and would have been living in a region that experienced at least seasonally cool temperatures. The presence of these fossils in a fluvial deposit support previous suggestions that juvenile plesiosaurs may have preferentially inhabited shallower waters rather than open marine environments. These fossils also show that polycotylid plesiosaurs were able to rapidly disperse and colonize high latitude coastal regions, as their occurrence in Arctic Canada only slightly postdates the first confirmed appearance of the group in Australia. 相似文献
4.
成吉思汗驿站龙江组剖面位于扎兰屯成吉思汗镇东南部,组内大化石稀少,但孢粉化石丰富,下部岩性为沉凝灰岩、凝灰岩、凝灰质砂岩、砂岩、砾岩,上部岩性为安山岩、英安岩。通过对成吉思汗驿站龙江组孢粉化石的分析,在龙江组中识别出圆形粒面孢-二连粉孢粉组合带(Cyclogranisporites-Erlianpollis)。通过对孢粉化石属种的分析,根据具有时代指示意义的孢粉化石,如Erlianpollis,Cicatricosisporites,Pilosisporites等,认为成吉思汗地区龙江组孢粉化石形成时代为早白垩世,结合地质、古植物及孢粉化石的定量分析,认为龙江组植被类型反映亚热带气候,指示温暖潮湿的环境。 相似文献
5.
西藏阿里札达盆地上新统鼠兔类牙齿化石的发现 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：4
首次在西藏阿里札达盆地上新世河湖相沉积地层中发现了鼠兔类牙齿化石，对鼠兔类牙齿化石的基本特征进行了描述，并在同一层位中采集了大量孢粉、古动物和古植物化石。结合区域地质特征，产出鼠兔类牙齿化石地层的古地磁、ESR测年资料，沉积学特征等的简要分析，认为札达盆地鼠兔类的演化迁徙与上新世时气候由温暖湿润向寒冷潮湿-温和干旱的变化有关。显然，这一发现有助于认识青藏高原新近纪上新世的生物演化、气候变化和构造活动，并为研究青藏高原新近纪以来的生物进化、湖泊与河流演化、气候变化、古地理与古环境变迁和古近系、新近系、第四系地层划分等提供了新资料。 相似文献
6.
四川松潘马拉墩晚三叠世侏倭组的遗迹化石及沉积环境 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
四川松潘马拉墩晚三叠世侏倭组首次发现大量遗迹化石。本文根据不同遗迹属在不同层位中的相对丰度建立了两个遗迹组合，即Ｍｅｇａｇｒａｐｔｏｎ－Ａｒｔｈｒｏｐｈｙｃｕｓ组合及Ｎｅｏｎｅｒｅｉｔｅｓ－Ｐｈｙｃｏｓｉｐｈｏｎ组合，大致相当于Ｓｅｉｌａｃｈｅｒ（１９６７）［１］的Ｎｅｒｅｉｔｅｓ遗迹相．同时利用遗迹化石及沉积特点进行了沉积环境分析，认为侏倭组的沉积环境为大陆斜坡下部至盆地边缘。 相似文献
7.
贵州台江中寒武世凯里组中分枝状宏观藻类化石 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6
本文描述了贵州中寒武世凯里组中的分枝状宏观藻类化石5属7种，即：Marpolia spissa Walcott,Marpolia aequalis Walcott,Guizhouella ramulosa Yang(gen.et sp.nov.),Doushantuophyton lineare Chen,Thamnophton formosus Yang(gen.et sp.nov.),Eoulothrix fibrillata Ding,Eoulothrix flabellophyton Yang(sp.mov.)。根据大量的藻类与凯里生物群共生特征，从藻类的生态及生物群分布受到沉积韵律控制等特征分析，认为凯里生物群生活环境的水深应该在30－60m，而埋藏和保存环境的水深是150m左右。另外，将凯里生物群中的宏观藻类化石与震旦纪陡山沱期的藻类化石进行了比较，两者在以分枝状藻类占主要组成上是相似的，从这一方面来说，晚震旦世宏观藻类与寒武纪宏观藻类没有大的演变，但寒武纪宏观藻类以出现钙质珊瑚藻类、分枝更加复杂的类型和具有锯齿状叶状体、生殖托构造的藻类为特征。 相似文献
8.
BAI Zhongkai Lü Xiuxiang LIU Xiaoping XIE Qilai LI Jianjiao WU Jianjun 《《地质学报》英文版》2012,86(2):313-319
Based on the analysis of trace fossils collected from the typical outcrop of the Lower Cambrian Wusongger Formation in the Kalpin area, ten ichnospecies of six ichnogenus were identified in the upper member of the Wusongger Formation, with most of them being found for the first time. The trace fossils are described seriatim. The ichnospecies are mainly represented by such common trace fossils as Ophiomorpha nodosa, Helminthopsis hieroglyphica, Helminthopsis ichnosp., Planolites beverleyensis, Planolites vulgaris, Planolites montanus, Palaeophycus striatus, Palaeophycus curvatus?, Cochlichnus anguineus and Rituichnus elongatum. The trace fossils are of high diversity and low abundance, and can be diagnosed as the Cruziana ichnofacies. They can be interpreted as having formed in a shallow water environment. 相似文献
9.
Scott A. Elias 《Quaternary Research》1982,17(3):371-390
Ennadai Lake, in the forest-tundra ecotonal region of Keewatin, Northwest Territories, Canada, has been the subject of several paleoecological investigations (palynology, plant macrofossils, fossil soils). This study concerns Holocene insect fossils at Ennadai, a new approach in a region shown to be sensitive to climatic change. The Ennadai I site yielded 53 taxa, representing 13 families of Coleoptera and 7 families of other insects and arachnids, including abundant ants. These fossils range in age from about 6300 to 630 yr B.P. The Ennadai II site produced fossils of 58 taxa, including 13 beetle families and 15 families of other arthropods, ranging in age from 4700 to 870 yr B.P. The insect evidence suggests the presence of trees in the Ennadai region from 6000 to 2200 yr B.P. A conifer pollen decline from 4800 to 4500 yr B.P. at Ennadai has previously been interpreted as an opening up or retreat of forest in response to climatic cooling, but the insect fossils reveal the continued presence of trees during this interval. Both insect assemblages suggest trends of forest retreat and tundra expansion between about 2200 and 1500 yr B.P., presumably due to climatic cooling, with a return of woodland by about 1000 yr B.P. 相似文献
10.
皖南休宁地区恐龙脚印等化石的产出特征 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
皖南休宁地区发现“三位一体”的恐龙骨骼化石、恐龙蛋化石、恐龙足迹和尾迹化石。本文着重描述这批化石的形态大小和结构特点，并从古生态学方面对化石进行了探讨分析；按化石产出层位，对应的各类恐龙活动时间总计约为40Ma。 相似文献
11.
四川后高坪地区晚泥盆世植物和遗迹化石的新发现 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
在扬子板块西缘后高坪地区新发现植物化石Cyclostigma kiltorkense(平圆印木)和Lepidodendropsis hirmeri(希氏拟鳞木),以及遗迹化石Zoophycos(动藻迹)和Chondrties(丛藻迹),据此及相关地层和沉积相标志,确定该地层时代为晚泥盆世,沉积环境为由早期为滨岸较粗碎屑岩和浅海中上部细碎屑岩沉积,晚期为碳酸盐台地相。 相似文献
12.
13.
2 0 0 3年在对新疆喀喇昆仑地区原划长城系甜水海岩群进行地质填图及实测剖面的工作中,采集到了大量叠层石化石,时代为新元古代青白口纪。该群岩石变形非常强烈,变质达绿片岩相。本次区调依据其岩石变形变质特征,结合叠层石化石资料,对其形成时代进行了重新厘定。 相似文献
14.
Well-preserved Cretaceous trunk fragments of Cycadeoidea (Cycadeoidaceae) were recently found in Keshan County, Heilongjiang Province, Northeast China. These fossils represent important evidence of the distribution of this group of plants in East Asia. In these trunk fragments, the stem cortices and leaf bases with cones are preserved. The leaf bases are rhombic with cones infrequently distributed among leaf bases. The cortex is broad and consists of fundamental parenchyma cells, numerous secretory ducts and C-shaped leaf traces with adaxial secondary xylem and abaxial secondary phloem. The genus Cycadeoidea, which is widely distributed in the Cretaceous deposits of East Asia, North America and Western Europe, was an important component of Cretaceous floras. Bennettitalean trunk fossils with well-preserved anatomical structures are rarely known from China. These fossils are important for studies of the evolution of genus Cycadeoidea and for stratigraphic correlation. 相似文献
15.
Exceptionally preserved fossils,such as those from Cambrian Burgess Shale-type fossil-Lagerstatten are critical because of their unique contributions to knowledge of the phylogenetic radiation and palaeoecological expansion of metazoans during the Cambrian explosion.Critically,these deposits provide information that is usually unobtainable from shelly and skeletonized fossils alone.The Guanshan Biota(Cambrian Series 2,Stage 4)in the Yunnan Province of South China,has produced abundant and diverse,exquisitely preserved fossils that often retain soft tissues and organs.To date,most fossils from the Guanshan Biota have been collected from localities such as Gaoloufang and Gangtoucun,which have become inaccessible due to new urban expansions and constructions of residential buildings.Here we present the first report of soft bodied fossils from a new section at Kanfuqing,close to the Wulongqing village in Malong County,approximately 3 km east of the Wulongqing Formation stratotype section.Fossils retain soft morphology,and include brachiopods with delicate marginal setae,priapulids with well-preserved sclerites and vetulicolians with entire sections of body.In addition,this fauna includes rare occurrences of trilobites preserved with soft tissues replicated as pyrite pseudomorphs after weathering.This discovery represents an important palaeogeographical extension of soft-bodied fossils of the Guanshan fauna to the east of the Xiaojiang Fault(related to Tsinning tectonic movements ca.700 Ma).The fauna from the new Kanfuqing section is similar to that reported from the Wulongqing Formation west of the Xiaojiang Fault,and thus has significant implications for early Cambrian palaeogeography,faunal successions and palaeoenvironments of eastern Yunnan. 相似文献
16.
陕西富平中奥陶统金粟山组的遗迹化石及沉积环境 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3
陕西富平中奥陶统金粟山组产有大量遗迹化石。本文建立了第三段的Paleodictyon遗迹群落;认为二、三段的遗迹组合相当于Nereites遗迹相。同时利用遗迹化石进行了沉积环境分析。认为金粟山组的沉积环境自上而下经历了碳酸盐台地-盆地边缘-陆坡下部-陆坡上部的演变。 相似文献
17.
利用气相色谱-质谱仪(GC/MS)从四川珙县石碑恐龙化石埋藏地早侏罗世红层中检出了包括正构烷烃、类异戊二烯烃、长链三环萜、藿烷和甾烷等系列分子化石,这些分子化石来源于低等菌藻类生物和水生、陆生高等植物。利用这些分子化石的特征讨论了恐龙生活时代的古环境特征。姥鲛烷与植烷的比值(Pr/Ph)表明该恐龙化石埋藏地的沉积环境应为淡水、弱氧化的湖泊环境。所研究样品高碳数的正构烷烃均以与水生大型植物有关的C25为主峰,并具有来自陆生高等植物的C27～C31正构烷烃,反映出研究区湖盆水体中发育水生高等植物,周围陆地上发育木本和草本植物的古植物特征,体现了分子化石在恢复古环境研究方面的潜力。 相似文献
18.
The carbonate concretions occurring at the bottom of Talchir fissile shale facies preserved signatures of various trace fossils
along with a cast of doubtful organisms and cyanobacterial mat structures. The host shale deposited under glacial melt water
fed lacustrine condition. The concretions, formed in poorly oxygenated conditions, are either of syndepositional origin and/or
deposited a little below the sediment water interface and were later exhumed to the depositional surface due to erosion of
soft mud overlying them.
The trace fossils are both megascopic and microscopic in nature. The megascopic trace fossils are identified on the basis
of their morphology as Monocraterion and Rhizocorallium. Some of the megascopic structures described remain problematic at present. The microscopic trace fossils are formed due
to the activity of marine meiofauna (possibly by nematodes), which, although produced morphologically show similar traces
of known larger ichnogeneras but much smaller than them. The discovery of these trace fossils apparently indicate the influx
of saline water into a lacustrine domain during the Talchir sedimentation at Giridih basin. Moreover, presence of the above
two megascopic trace fossils in the marine lacustrine carbonate concretions may lead researchers to consider their much wider
environmental significance than hitherto believed. 相似文献
19.
青海果洛、玉树地区二叠纪和三叠纪复理石相遗迹化石 总被引：10，自引：4，他引：10
本文系统描述了产自我国青海南部巴彦喀拉山脉玛沁、甘德、玛多等地二叠-三叠纪(主要是三叠纪)复理石相的遗迹化石。主要遗迹属如:Paleodictyon,(古网迹),Protopaleodictyon(原始古网迹),Megagrapton(巨画迹),Helminthoida(蠕形迹),Helminthopsis(拟蠕形迹),Helicolithus(螺旋迹)Lophoctenium(冠梳迹)清楚地证明为深海Nereits遗迹相典型代表,也是迄今为止该遗迹相在我国发现最丰富的地区。遗迹化石产地玛沁、玛多深海相位于我国两个板块之间的对接带附近,说明遗迹化石同古构造的关系。 相似文献
20.
XIAO Shuhai 《《地质学报》英文版》2022,96(6):1821-1829
Systematic extinctions can leave major morphological gaps between living crown-group clades. Such morphological gaps would be perceived, from a neontological point of view, as major evolutionary transitions. In order to fill these morphological gaps and to map the evolutionary steps toward major evolutionary transitions, we need to integrate extinct stem-group taxa in phylogenetic studies. However, the recognition of stem group has not been widely adopted in the study of early animal fossils, despite that all fossils are stem groups at one level or another. Part of the difficulty is that stem groups may not have all features that collectively diagnose the respective crown group, and they can have unique (autapomorphic) features, making them tantalizingly similar to and frustratingly different from the crown group (e.g., stem-group eukaryotes can be prokaryotic and stem-group animals can be protistan). The need to embrace stem groups and to implement the PhyloCode, in order to achieve phylogenetic clarity and to offer key paleontological insights into the origin and early animal evolution, is illustrated in debates on several controversial Ediacaran and Cambrian fossils. 相似文献