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三峡水库区地质条件复杂,是我国地质灾害的多发区及重灾区.文家滑坡位于巴东县内龙船河国家旅游区入口处,神龙溪大桥南侧.论文在研究了三峡水库区文家滑坡的工程地质条件及滑坡体基本特征的基础上,介绍了该滑坡的结构及变形特征.从滑坡形成条件、诱发变形因素两方面分析了滑坡形成的原因及诱发滑体失稳的主要因素,并结合工程实际境况,对滑坡治理进行初步研究,提出了一些可行的防治措施和建议,为三峡地区相同类型的滑坡的治理提供借鉴. 相似文献
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巫溪县构造上位于南大巴山弧形褶皱带的核心部位,八面山弧形褶皱构造带的北缘,地理上位于三峡库区奉节—巫山段北部,区内以发育近平行的褶皱构造为主,岩层中构造节理裂隙发育。区内地形切割强烈、起伏大,表现为中高山峡谷地貌,年降雨量大,地质环境条件脆弱。研究区西溪河北岸多发育高位高危碎屑流型滑坡,具有隐蔽性强、危害性大等特点。论文在Lidar影像分析、野外详查、钻探等手段的基础上,详细分析了滑坡地质环境背景、滑坡的特点及运动堆积过程,认为风化层厚度大、高陡的地形地貌、特殊的构造条件、典型的斜坡结构是滑坡发育的主要因素,持续性的降雨是滑坡发育的直接诱发因素,斜坡上部二叠系炭质灰岩、灰岩的崩落是导致斜坡中下部原本就处于孔隙水饱和状态下的志留系粉砂岩碎屑失稳并转化为碎屑流的重要因素。针对这类高位高危碎屑流型滑坡,提出了高位崩滑—高速启动—碰撞解体—高速铲刮—抛射堆积的成灾模式,为三峡库区此类滑坡的防治提供技术依据。 相似文献
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三峡库区大型单斜顺层新生滑坡变形特征与失稳机理研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以三峡库区巫山轿顶峰2号滑坡为例,结合库水位变化、地质环境条件资料,通过现场调查测绘、无人机航空摄影测量、工程地质钻探、地表及深部位移监测等方法,详细分析了该滑坡的变形特征、成因机制与发展趋势。该滑坡体积约250×104 m3,为大型单斜顺层新生岩质滑坡。滑坡前后缘高差约380 m,前缘剪出口高陡临空,位于库区蓄水位以下。深部监测数据显示消落带发育两条滑动错动面,分别位于距坡面深度12.0~17.0 m和25.0~30.0 m之间。滑坡目前处于蠕滑变形阶段,受地形地貌、地层结构、消落带劣化以及水的影响,垂直方向变形持续增大,前部劣化带发生崩滑破坏失稳可能性较大,并且存在滑坡涌浪灾害链风险。建议持续开展库区消落带劣化系统观测研究,提升库区新生滑坡灾害识别与预警能力。 相似文献
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三峡库区岸坡消落带是库岸边坡稳定性的敏感地带。库区内多次发生的地质灾害均与消落带的岩体劣化有关。随着时间的推移消落带的岩体劣化情况日益加剧,新生型滑坡不断涌现。本文通过实地调查与室内分析,系统总结了三峡库区秭归至巴东段岸坡消落带岩体劣化的类型以及新生型滑坡隐患的演化模式。研究表明,区内消落带岩性主要以碳酸盐岩类和碎屑岩类为主,碳酸盐岩类劣化类型主要有溶蚀(潜蚀)、裂缝显化与扩张和机械侵蚀,碎屑岩类的劣化类型主要有松动(剥落)、冲蚀(磨蚀)、结构面崩解块裂和软硬相间侵蚀,其中以松动/剥落型最为发育。在此基础上结合结构面发育特征、岸坡结构、岩性及结构和边界特征,厘定了不同岸坡消落带岩体劣化演化形成新生型滑坡隐患点的模式,碳酸岩盐类岸坡主要以基座碎裂压溃型、基座掏空倾倒型、顺向滑移型为主;碎屑岩类岸坡主要以软硬相间坍(崩)塌型、视倾向楔形滑动型、顺向滑移型及逆向倾倒型为主。研究结果可为三峡库区地质灾害监测预警及防治提供技术支撑。 相似文献
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On evaluating the stability of the Baiyian ancient landslide in the Three Gorges Reservoir area,Yangtze River: a geological history analysis 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Numerous landslides have occurred during the construction of the Three Gorges Reservoir of the Yangtze River. Although the
underlying causal factor of these landslides was heavy rainfall, the construction process was the trigger of some of them.
We report here a systematic study aimed at reconstructing the geological history of an ancient landslide and, based on our
results, an evaluation of the role of the history on current landslide stability. Data from detailed field surveys and the
studies on geological dating revealed that the Baiyian landslide was composed of five structural parts of different geological
ages, such as a sliding belt, disturbed rocks, ancient colluvium, alluvium of the Yangtze River and slope wash. The succession
of ancient climates, terraces and tectonic processes in the study area were examined from 300 ka ago. The evolutionary history
of the Baiyian ancient landslide can be divided into five distinct stages: development, occurrence, deposition, collapse and
disintegration. Some parts of the ancient landslide are currently prone to instability due to the combination effects of heavy
rainfall and construction of the reservoir. 相似文献
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三峡库区作为“全国地质灾害防治十三五规划”重点防治区之一,地质灾害问题突出,其中万州至巫山段更是区内地质灾害集中发育区,地质灾害点数量达5000余处。以“查背景、识灾害、评风险、研预测”为主线,通过2019年项目工作,在区域地质灾害孕灾背景条件认识和机理研究、城镇地质灾害风险评价等方面取得了新的认识一是从地质材料特性、赋存条件及影响因素方面总结了地质灾害的孕灾背景条件;二是从地质沉积历史、地貌演化及微地貌改造等方面认识了地质灾害的形成与演化机理;三是通过遥感技术与轻型无人机低空航摄精细化解译相结合的方法,初步实现了承灾体自动化提取;四是形成了基于斜坡单元地质灾害风险评价方法,完成了三峡库区大周镇地质灾害风险评价。其成果为支撑服务地方地质灾害防治和引领地质灾害风险评价起到了示范作用。 相似文献
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长江三峡工程库区千将坪滑坡地质特征及成因分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
千将坪滑坡体位于三峡库区长江支流青干河的左岸,距三峡工程坝址44km。2003年7月13日零时20分,三峡库区秭归县千将坪村发生了山体基岩滑坡,造成15人死亡、9人失踪,4家乡镇企业被摧毁。文章通过对滑后详细地质调查,阐述了千将坪滑坡区地质条件,描述了滑坡发生的前兆现象以及滑坡发生滑动的过程,仔细分析了千将坪滑坡各要素的特征。根据滑坡体物质组成和结构的差异,把滑体物质自滑坡后缘至前缘分为块石堆积区、基岩裂解区、土夹块石区、漂砾卵石区。同时,文中研究了滑带土的物理力学性质,分析了滑坡体的成因机制,从地形地貌、岩性组合、构造条件详细论述了斜坡失稳的内因,认为导致斜坡失稳的外部因素有集中降雨、农田灌溉以及三峡蓄水3个方面的影响。 相似文献
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三峡水库区陈家沟滑坡地质特征与防治措施 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
在研究了三峡水库区奉节县陈家沟滑坡的工程地质条件及滑坡体基本特征的基础上，介绍了该滑坡的结构及变形特征。从滑坡形成条件、诱发变形因素两方面分析了滑坡形成的原因及诱发坡体失稳的主要因素；据岩土样品的试验值、现场大剪值，结合地区经验值及反算值，确定计算滑坡稳定性及剩余滑坡推力的抗剪强度参数，考虑到未来三峡水库蓄水，在不同工况下对滑坡体进行稳定性计算。结果表明：在天然及暴雨情况下，滑坡整体均处于稳定状态；次级滑坡体在饱水及水库蓄水后，处于临界蠕滑或失稳状态。结合工程实际对滑坡治理进行初步研究，提出回填压脚专档为幸捕以排水的综合治理措施。 相似文献
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The regional distribution regularity of landslides and their effects on the environments in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, China 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
On the basis of research and analysis of the landslide system of the Three Gorges Reservoir area, this paper systematically
analyzes and studies the temporal–spatial distribution law of landslides of this reservoir area and their impacts on environment
of this area. The paper puts forward that the temporal–spatial distribution of this area’s landslides is mainly controlled
by lithologic characters of strata, geological structure, valley landscape, and types of bank slope structure; landslide deformation
and failure have such characteristics as simultaneity, laggardness, cyclical instability, and stage. Besides, the paper systematically
analyzes and studies the main impacts of landslide on environment and points out that landslides and collapses will bring
about relatively serious impacts on relocation and layout of cities and towns along the banks. These impacts mainly include
the increase of relocation investment, number of migrants, and compensation for losses. Much attention and evaluation should
be paid to the impacts of Xintan Landslide and Lianziya Landslide—large landslides near the Dam—on the construction and safety
of the Three Gorges Project. However, landslides have relatively small impacts on shipping and reservoir capacity. The above-mentioned
research is of great guiding significance for the construction of the Three Georges Project, planning and construction of
cities and towns along the banks, and protection of geological environment. 相似文献
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水位涨落作用下藕塘滑坡响应特征模型试验研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
藕塘滑坡是三峡库区结构复杂的巨型古滑坡之一,由多个次级滑体和滑面组成,大坝蓄水运行以来,滑坡出现复活迹象,对周边数千人的生命财产安全构成威胁。为明确藕塘滑坡在库水位涨落作用下的响应特征、变形破坏模式和机制,以物理模型试验为手段,通过制配滑坡模型试验材料,精确控制试验中库水位涨落条件,实现了藕塘滑坡变形失稳过程试验模拟,并从试验角度探讨了藕塘滑坡响应特征和力学机制。得到以下结论:库水涨落速度越快组成滑坡的3个次级滑坡产生的变形越大,库水位下降造成的滑坡变形明显大于库水位上涨和稳定状态;库水位涨落影响主要集中于第一期次滑坡区域,当库水位快速下降时第一期次滑坡坡脚局部发生牵引式崩滑的风险大;第一期次滑坡变形造成其后的第二期和第三期次滑坡稳定性下降,随之发生变形;藕塘滑坡为动水压力型滑坡,滑坡在库水位涨落作用下发生整体沿基岩面滑移破坏的可能性不大,变形失稳模式表现为第一期次滑坡前缘的局部崩滑。试验揭示了该类滑坡在库水位涨落作用下的响应特征和变形破坏机制,可为类似滑坡的研究提供参考。 相似文献
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Mechanism and failure process of Qianjiangping landslide in the Three Gorges Reservoir,China 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
The Qianjiangping landslide is a large planar rock slide which occurred in July 14, 2003 shortly after the water level reached 135 m in the Three Gorges Reservoir, China. The landslide destroyed 4 factories and 129 houses, took 24 lives, and made 1,200 people homeless. Field investigation shows that the contributing factors for the landslide are the geological structure of the slope, the previous surface of rupture, the water level rise, and continuous rainfall. In order to reveal the mechanism and failure process of the landslide, numerical simulation was conducted on Qianjiangping slope before sliding. Based on the characteristics and the engineering conditions of the landslide, the topography and the geological profiles of Qianjiangping slope before sliding is reconstructed. The seepage field of Qianjiangping slope before sliding was simulated with the Geostudio software. The results show that ground water table rises and bends to the slope during the rise of water level, and the slope surface becomes partially saturated within the period of continuous rainfall. Using the ground water table obtained above, the failure process of Qianjiangping slope is simulated with the Flac3D software. The results demonstrate that the shear strain increment, displacement, and shear failure area of the slope increased greatly after the water level rose and continuous rained, and the landslide was triggered by the combined effect both of water level rise and continuous rainfall. The development of shear strain increment, displacement, and shear failure area of the slope shows that the landslide was retrogressive in the lower part of the slope and progressive in the upper part of the slope. 相似文献
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在每年的库水位下降期间,三峡库区的许多滑坡都出现了较大变形。为了深入研究库水下降作用下滑坡的动态变形机理,评价和预测此类滑坡的稳定性及发展趋势,本文以白水河滑坡为例,在现场地质调查和详细地质勘查的基础上,充分利用十多年监测数据,分析其变形特征、失稳机理、影响因素及稳定性,预测了其变形发展趋势。研究结果表明在水库水位下降的过程中,由于滑坡岩土体渗透性能较差,地下水来不及及时排出,滞后于水库水位的下降,滑坡受到了坡体内地下水向外的渗透动水压力作用,从而使得滑坡稳定性降低。另外库水位下降速度越快,滑坡的位移速率也越大,表现出阶跃型动态变形特征。 相似文献
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三峡水库区严家坡滑坡成因分析及稳定性评价 总被引：9，自引：2，他引：9
三峡水库区地质条件复杂，是我国地质灾害的多发区及重灾区。严家坡滑坡位于奉节县内，距三峡大坝158km，滑坡在整体上被3条冲沟分为东、西两个滑坡，地貌上两滑坡均呈缓倾斜坡，平面上呈扇形，两侧有冲沟围切，后侧具圈椅状拉张裂缝，前缘剪出口部位弧形特征明显。勘察发现：两个滑坡均存在3级滑带，第1级滑带位于松散堆积物与碎裂岩体接触部位；第2级滑带位于碎裂岩体与块裂层状岩体接触部位；第3级滑带位于块裂层状岩体与完整基岩接触部位。严家坡滑坡由较坚硬的泥质灰岩、灰岩及相对软弱的泥灰岩组成，软弱的泥灰岩及薄层泥岩等力学性质较差，抗风化能力弱，多破碎，甚至形成软弱夹层。岩体中裂隙产状较陡，其中一组裂隙近其中直立，为地下水提供了良好的通道，同时与较软的岩层易贯通，破坏岩体的整体稳定性。严家坡滑坡不但规模大，而且复杂。于文章详细介绍了三峡库区奉节县严家坡滑坡的结构及变形特征，对滑坡的成因及影响因素进行了分析，用不同的方法对几种工况进行计算与比较，评价其稳定性并提出一些可行的防治措施及建议。 相似文献
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Regional assessment of landslide impact in the Three Gorges area, China, using ASTER data: Wushan-Zigui 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
This paper is focussed on the hazard impact of landslides in the Three Gorges, and represents the progression of our ongoing
study on regional land instability assessment in the Three Gorges area using imagery data from the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal
Emission Radiometer (ASTER). The key development here is the establishment of a model that integrates land instability with
several factors that can relate hazard to human life, such as slope failures occurring in proximity to built-up areas and
roads, and areas of high landslide risk along the bank of Yangtze and its major tributaries. The method correctly identifies
some of the known destructive landslides in the region, like Qianjiangping and Huangtupo, as belonging to areas of potentially
high landslide impact. Our results suggest that several population centres, including the towns of Wushan and Badong, are
rated at high landslide hazard levels. This study highlights the importance of differentiating between landslide types within
susceptibility assessment, and identifies those locations in the Three Gorges where the probability of landslide occurrence
with negative impact to life and property is greatest. 相似文献
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为保证三峡库区巴东组易滑地层区城市规划发展地质安全,采用系统分析与类比的方法,探讨了非正常斜坡地质环境的开发利用与保护问题.巴东城区黄土坡滑坡是一个多期次形成的特大型复合变形体,系统分析表明,在三峡水库运行条件下,该滑坡前缘稳定性较差,但整体基本稳定,仍可限制性加以利用,实施部分搬迁避险是必要的.从整体而论,迁建新址区与黄土坡滑坡区地质环境条件类同,即同属三峡库区,由巴东组易滑地层组成、以顺向坡体结构为主要特色的斜坡地质环境,发育多个影响较大的滑坡,显现出地质环境比较脆弱的一面,利用时仍须加以限制.通过加强地质灾害防治体系建设和风险管制,能保证两区规划发展在允许风险水平条件下的地质安全. 相似文献
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黄土坡滑坡形成与变形的地质过程机制 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
巴东黄土坡滑坡是三峡库区重大滑坡之一, 规模大, 而且形成与变形地质过程机制复杂.是与三峡库区构造强烈隆升、河流急剧下切、斜坡重力卸荷等各种作用相伴生的地质过程的结果; 其中的Ⅰ号崩滑堆积体在回水条件下深层蠕动变形较明显, 受到多方面的关注.采用地质过程类比分析方法, 通过对滑坡形成、回水前变形破坏、回水条件下变形的地质过程机制分析, 预测了深层蠕动变形使其中部和前部产生较大变形的发展趋势, 目前发现Ⅰ号崩滑堆积体的深层蠕动变形问题, 主要是库水升降的动态过程与降雨效应耦合作用的结果. 相似文献