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1.
冈底斯基性次火山岩地球化学和Sr-Nd-Pb同位素：碰撞后火山作用亏损地幔源区的约束 总被引：15，自引：4，他引：15
青藏高原隆升与伸展构造模式（地幔对流减薄、板片断离和大陆俯冲）认为地幔软流圈上涌为藏南碰撞后火山作用提供了热源,而已有研究成果没有包括碰撞后火山作用软流圈地幔源区的岩石学、地球化学证据,而是集中在富集岩石圈地幔.出露于冈底斯东段达孜-甲马地区的基性次火山岩的^40Ar/^39Ar坪年龄为38.07～42Ma.次火山岩具有高Mg#值和相容微量元素含量（Cr、Ni、V、Sc）,低LILE、和LREE,低LREE/HREE分离.原生样品呈现平坦的稀土配分曲线和LILE亏损的原始地幔标准化曲线,显示出OIB地球化学亲和性.岩石具有低Sr、低Pb和高Nd同位素组成[（^87Sr/^86Sr）i=0.7048～0.7064;（^144Nd/^143Nd） i = 0.5126～0.51286 ;^206Pb/^204Pb = 18.3722～18.5288; ^207Pb/^204Pb = 15.5686～15.6214; ^208 Pb/^204Pb = 38.5203～38.7298],显示出与富集OIB非常相似的Sr-Nd-Pb同位素组成及变化范围.应用我们的分析数据并结合已有研究成果,达孜-甲马基性次火山与adakite、林子宗火山岩、钾质岩-超钾质岩构成了藏南碰撞后火山岩Sr-Nd-Pb同位素组成演化带,基性次火山岩分布于演化带的原生端元,揭示出其岩浆源区与富集岩石圈地幔存在明显的差异.研究结果证明,具有与OIB相似地球化学和Sr-Nd-Pb同位素组成的基性次火山岩的源区是软流圈地幔.由冈底斯带新近纪基性火山作用厘定的软流圈上涌深部过程对洋壳断离模式、基性岩浆底侵作用和西藏高原地壳加厚时限提供了有效的约束. 相似文献
2.
新疆谢米斯台中段火山岩岩石地球化学特征、锆石U-Pb年龄及其地质意义 总被引：9，自引：6，他引：3
谢米斯台中段地区发育的火山岩主要为安山岩、英安岩和流纹岩。岩石地球化学研究表明,岩石的K2O、Na2O含量高(K2O=3.42%～9.85%;Na2O=0.48%～5.30%),大离子亲石元素(LILE)相对富集,高场强元素(HFSE)相对亏损,其中Nb、P、Ti强烈亏损,轻稀土元素(LREE)和重稀土元素(HREE)分馏较强;Pb同位素比值为206Pb/204Pb=18.435～19.409、207Pb/204Pb=15.535～15.602、208Pb/204Pb=38.36～39.213;火山岩具有高的初始εNd(t)值(+4.43～+6.65)和低的初始87Sr/86Sr值(0.700953～0.704435)。该地区流纹岩SIMS锆石U-Pb测年结果为422.5±1.9Ma。综合研究认为,谢米斯台中段地区火山岩是晚志留世准噶尔洋壳俯冲,在地幔楔形区,经过洋壳与富集地幔的局部熔融,经历了一定程度的分离结晶作用形成的中酸性岩浆喷发而成,在岩浆上升过程中有少量地壳物质的混染。 相似文献
3.
《岩石学报》2017,(6)
本研究共涉及来自太行山和郯庐断裂岩浆带的12组基性岩墙群,岩墙群具体出露于河北省、山西省、山东省和安徽省。研究中给出了新的锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄、地球化学和Sr-Nd-Pb同位素基性岩墙测试数据。基性岩墙形成于128.1±1.2Ma与115.0±0.8Ma之间,且具有典型的辉绿结构。另外,基性岩墙富集轻稀土元素(LREE)、个别大离子亲石元素(如,Rb、Ba、Sr)、Pb和Th,亏损Nb、Ta和Ti,具有高的初始87Sr/86Sr比值(0.7056~0.7105),负的εNd(t)(-15.5~-12.4)、相对一致的初始Pb同位素比值(206Pb/204Pb=16.45~16.49、207Pb/204Pb=15.44~15.51、208Pb/204Pb=36.49~36.53)及较大的Nd模式年龄(tNd DM2=1.82~2.69Ga)。研究结果表明,基性岩墙来自石榴石二辉橄榄岩地幔源区(类似EM1)一定程度的(1.0%~5.0%)部分熔融,岩浆侵位前经历了橄榄石、单斜辉石和角闪石的分离结晶作用,同时受到少量地壳混染的影响。目前,关于华北克拉通破坏和中生代岩浆作用的成因已有较多可能模式,本研究基性岩墙成因的新模式:古太平洋板块与华北克拉通的持续碰撞,导致华北克拉通岩石圈(地幔和地壳)加厚,并发生可能的榴辉岩化,并在一定时间发生拆沉作用。在新模式的制约下,导致了研究区中生代基性岩墙的产生和侵位。 相似文献
4.
藏南洛扎地区基性岩墙群锆石U-Pb定年、地球化学特征及构造意义 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6
藏南洛扎地区广泛分布有近东西向产出的基性岩墙群,主要侵位于晚侏罗世—早白垩世及其以前的地层中,锆石U-Pb同位素定年获得成岩年龄138.0Ma±3.5Ma。基性岩墙可以划分为2种主要类型:一类低K(K2O=0.06%～0.54%),稀土元素总量和轻、重稀土元素分异程度低[∑REE=58.95×10-6～115.5×10-6,(La/Yb)N=0.23～2.94],亏损LILE;另一类富K(K2O=1.22%～1.67%),稀土元素总量和轻、重稀土元素分异程度较高[∑REE=199.97×10-6～381.47×10-6,(La/Yb)N=6.57～11.5],富集LILE而亏损HFSE。地球化学研究结果表明,基性岩墙为具大陆拉斑玄武岩特征的大陆板内岩浆侵入体,可能分别源于亏损的软流圈地幔和富集的岩石圈地幔。基性岩墙群是新特提斯洋晚期大规模扩张的产物,标志着喜马拉雅被动大陆边缘在晚侏罗世—早白垩世处于强烈的拉张、裂离和岩石圈伸展减薄、软流圈上涌的构造环境与动力学背景。 相似文献
5.
青藏高原北部可可西里地区新生代钾质火山岩地球化学特征及成因 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
青藏高原北部可可西里地区分布的中新世钾质火山岩(7.77～17.82Ma)主要为粗面安山岩、粗面岩和少量次火山相的流纹斑岩。主量、微量元素及Sr-Nd-Pb同位素地球化学研究表明,该套钾质火山岩强烈富集大离子亲石元素和轻稀土元素,明显亏损Nb-Ta-Ti元素,具有较高的~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr:0.707346～0.714915,较低的ε_(Nd)值:-3.70～-6.97,和较高的放射性成因Pb同位素组成(~(207)Pb/~(204)Pb=15.65～15.76,~(208)Ph/~(204)Pb=38.98～39.35,~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb=18.67～18.78)。上述特征指示岩浆源区可能是与古俯冲消减物质有关的EMⅡ型富集地幔。三大岩类的地球化学成分变异表明:该钾质火山岩系列是富集地幔(金云母-尖晶石二辉橄榄岩和金云母-石榴石二辉橄榄岩)低度部分熔融产生的母岩浆经过较强结晶分异形成的,其中流纹斑岩在岩浆后期可能经历了更为复杂的地壳混染和结晶分异过程。 相似文献
6.
伦圭新生代火山岩位于东非裂谷西支最南端,已有的大量地质与地球化学证据表明伦圭火山岩是典型的碱性双峰式火山岩,其SiO2含量在46％～56％之间出现明显的间断.基性火山岩和酸性火山岩均表现出富集轻稀土元素,轻、重稀土元素强烈分馏,无明显Eu异常的特征.基性岩大离子亲石元素Rb、Ba、Th、U、Sr富集,高场强元素Zr、Hf、Ti亏损,Nb-Ta相对于La弱亏损,具有低Th/Ce(<0.05)和Th/La(0.07～0.09)值.酸性岩不相容元素整体上呈现不同程度的富集,Sr、P、Ti亏损,Nb-Ta相对于La弱富集,显示较强的岩浆分异作用.基性岩和酸性岩均表现出一定的Pb富集,说明有微量的地壳混染.基性岩εNd(t)为+1.50～+3.70,(87 Sr/86 Sr)i为0.7048～0.7057;除T19样品具有负的εNd(t)值外,其他所有酸性岩εNd(t)值介于+0.21～+5.13,(87Sr/86Sr)i为0.7043～0.7061,可见伦圭基性火山岩和酸性火山岩Sr、Nd同位素特征具有一致性.根据同位素地球化学和元素地球化学特征,认为其基性岩来源于一个整体亏损的地幔,并受到了大陆岩石圈地幔的混染,而酸性火山岩则是基性岩浆分离结晶作用的产物. 相似文献
7.
大兴安岭中段晚中生代安山岩年代学和地球化学特征及成因分析 总被引：13，自引：4，他引：9
本文通过大兴安岭中段安山岩基质40At/39Ar和SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年代学的测定,表明安山岩形成于122～125Ms和114～115Ma两个时期,即为早白垩世的两期喷发.主量元素分析表明,安山岩SiO2含量为59.18%～60.89%,Al2O3含量为15.19%～17.23%,全碱(K2O Na2O)介于6.16%～7.26%之间,MgO含量为1.55%～3.77%和Mg#值为33～54;微量元素分析表明,安山岩轻稀土元素(LREE)富集、轻重稀土元素(HREE)分馏较强、略具负Eu异常(δEu=0.74～0.92)、富集大离子亲石元素(LINE),而亏损高场强元素(HFSE),尤其强烈亏损Nb和Ta.Sr-Nd-Pb同位素组成表明,安山岩(87Sr/86Sr)i变化范围为0.70454～0.70483;εNd(t)变化范围为0.97～3.17;初始206Pb/204Pb、207Pb/204Pb和208Pb/204Pb组成变化范围分别为18.17～18.28、15.50～15.60和38.02～38.29.岩石学和地球化学综合研究表明,大兴安岭早白垩世安山岩的岩性主要为钙碱性系列-钾玄岩系列,安山质岩浆来源于富集LILE和水的岩石圈地幔.结合前人资料及本文研究成果,初步认为研究区安山岩形成于板内伸展环境,在岩石圈伸展和减薄背景下,软流圈地幔的上涌和地温梯度增高导致上覆岩石圈地幔中的低熔组分(水和LILE富集的交代地幔)发生部分熔融而形成. 相似文献
8.
四川里庄稀土矿床岩浆碳酸岩的地球化学 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
里庄稀土矿床位于四川冕宁县西南方向49 km，为侵位于碱性杂岩体中的碳酸岩脉状矿床。本文从稀土元素地球化学和同位素地球化学的角度探讨了碳酸岩与地幔过程之间的关系。研究表明，碳酸岩的∑REE为（9236.2~5943.6)×10-6,为LREE富集型，与典型岩浆碳酸岩特征相似；碳酸岩的C、O同位素组成非常稳定，其δ13CV-PDB和δ13OV-SMOW，分别为-3.9‰~-5.3‰和8.7‰~11.9‰,均落在“原生碳酸岩”的C、O同位素组成范围之内；碳酸岩的Pb、Sr同位素组成比较均一，其87Sr/86Sr,206Pb/204Pb,207Pb/204Pb,208Pb/204Pb分别为0.706305~0.706997、18.197~18.220、15.601~15.604、38.401~38.434，与EMⅠ型地幔源区的同位素组成基本一致。所有这些特征均表明岩石来自交代富集地幔源区。 相似文献
9.
云南腾冲全新世火山岩地球化学特征及其成因 总被引：7，自引：4，他引：3
通过对腾冲火山群的黑空山、打莺山和马鞍山火山岩主量元素、微量元素、Sr-Nd-Pb同位素地球化学的研究表明,腾冲全新世火山岩为高钾钙碱性系列,包括粗面玄武岩、玄武粗安岩、粗面安山岩和英安岩。该套火山岩富集大离子亲石元素和轻稀土元素,亏损Nb-Ta-Ti不相容元素,具有高的87Sr/86Sr比值(0.705862～0.710614),低的143Nd/144Nd比值(0.511941～0.512526)和较高的放射性成因Pb同位素组成(208Pb/204Pb=38.962～39.155;207Pb/204Pb=15.620～15.659;206Pb/204Pb=17.872～18.269)。主量、微量和同位素地球化学研究表明,腾冲全新世三座火山的岩浆源区为富集地幔,地幔富集与古洋壳俯冲有关。它们是由相同的地幔源区经历了不同的岩浆演化阶段的产物,打莺山岩浆演化程度最高,黑空山次之,马鞍山岩浆演化程度最弱。通过腾冲全新世火山岩与藏南碰撞后钾质火山岩的地球化学成分对比,Sr-Nd-Pb同位素地球化学成分存在着明显的不同,暗示两者的源区存在差异。 相似文献
10.
郯庐断裂带莒县地区早白垩世中酸性火山岩成因及其地质意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
莒县早白垩世火山岩沿郯庐断裂带分布,由粗安岩、粗面岩和流纹岩组成,属高钾钙碱性-钾玄岩系列.岩石富集Rb、K、Ba等大离子亲石元素和轻稀土元素,相对亏损Nb、Ta、Ti等高场强元素和重稀土元素,Sr-Nd同位素组成((87Sr/86Sr)t=0.7082～0.7095,ENd(t)=-16.4～-19.8)与区内基性岩的相类似,而Pb同位素组成((206pb/204Pb)t=16.523～17.038,(207pb/204Pb)t=15.414～15.468,(208pb/204Pb)t=37.058～37.427)类似于EM1型富集地幔.(87Sr/86Sr)t和εNd(t)与SiO2没有明显的相关性,且较高的Th/U、Ce/Pb值和较低的Nb/La、Nb/U值均暗示岩浆在上升过程中未遭受明显的地壳混染.粗安岩具有高的Cr、Ni、MgO含量及Mg#值和古老Nd同位素模式年龄,暗示其起源于富集的岩石圈地幔.粗面岩与粗安岩的主要氧化物、微量元素与SiO2呈明显的相关性,这暗示可能为同源岩浆结晶分异而来.研究表明,莒县地区中酸性火山岩形成于岩石圈伸展减薄背景下,由曾遭受俯冲扬子陆壳熔体改造的华北岩石圈地幔部分熔融形成的岩浆分离结晶作用而成.郯庐断裂带的伸展活动控制着火山岩的分布,为岩浆的形成和运移提供了有利的场所,在华北克拉通破坏中可能起到了重要的作用. 相似文献
11.
Emily Keeble David I. Whiteside Michael J. Benton 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2018,129(2):99-119
Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco. 相似文献
12.
Gilles Serge Odin 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2002,334(6):409-414
Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414. 相似文献
13.
The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H2O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H2O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species. 相似文献
14.
15.
Muriel Rocher Stéphane Baize Stéphane Jaillet Edward Marc Cushing Yannick Lozac&#x;h Francis Lemeille 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2003,335(8):701-708
Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ1 roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003). 相似文献
16.
正20141520 Bo Ying(Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment,MLR,Beijing 100037,China);Liu Chenglin Saline Spring Hydrochemical Characteristics and Indicators for Potassium Exploration in Southwestern and Northern Tarim Basin,Xinjiang(Acta Geoscientica Sinica,ISSN1006-3021,CN11-3474/P,34(5),2013,p.594-602,5 illus.,3 tables,28 refs.) 相似文献
17.
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