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V. V. Mitta V. V. Kostyleva L. A. Glinskikh B. N. Shurygin I. A. Starodubtseva 《Stratigraphy and Geological Correlation》2014,22(1):28-43
Data on the structure of the Middle Jurassic marine deposits in the vicinity of Ulyanovsk (sections of the Tarkhanovskaya Pristan-Dolinovka profile) are generalized with due regard for ammonites, bivalves, and microfossils occurring in sediments. Outcrops of the Tarkhanovskaya Pristan site represent the northernmost Bajocian section of the Russian Platform, where ammonites of Tethyan origin are identified. As is established, the pre-Callovian sand-clay sequence formerly attributed to the Bathonian includes the Garantiana beds of the upper Bajocian in its middle part. The multidisciplinary biostratigraphic-sedimentological research showed that downwarping of the Ulyanovsk-Saratov basin and origin of the Simbirsk Bay of the Tethyan marginal sea commenced in the Bajocian Age. The identified fossils of the upper Bajocian and lower and upper Callovian are cited in paleontological plates of this work. 相似文献
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赤布张错地区中侏罗统十分发育,最大沉积厚度达6311m,包括雀莫错组、布曲组、夏里组、索瓦组和雪山组等5个岩石地层单元。根据所含丰富的双壳类、菊石、腕足类等化石,将它们划归中侏罗统(巴柔阶至卡洛夫阶)。沉积盆地的性质、早期的地貌格局和同沉积断裂活动可能是导致该地区中侏罗统厚度巨大、横向变化大的主要原因。 相似文献
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In large parts of the Kachchh Basin, a Mesozoic rift basin situated in western India, the Oxfordian succession is characterized by strong condensation and several depositional gaps. The top layer of the Early to Middle Oxfordian Dhosa Oolite member, for which the term ‘Dhosa Conglomerate Bed’ is proposed, is an excellent marker horizon. Despite being mostly less than 1 m thick, this unit can be followed for more than 100 km throughout the Kachchh Mainland. A detailed sedimentological analysis has led to a complex model for its formation. Signs of subaerial weathering, including palaeokarst features, suggest at least two phases of emersion of the area. Metre‐sized concretionary slabs floating in a fine‐grained matrix, together with signs of synsedimentary tectonics, point to a highly active fault system causing recurrent earthquakes in the basin. The model takes into account information from outcrops outside the Kachchh Mainland and thereby considerably refines the current understanding of the basin history during the Late Jurassic. Large fault systems and possibly the so‐called Median High uplift separated the basin into several sub‐basins. The main reason for condensation in the Oxfordian succession is an inversion that affected large parts of the basin by cutting them off from the sediment supply. The Dhosa Conglomerate Bed is an excellent example, demonstrating the potential of condensed units in reconstructing depositional environments and events that took place during phases of non‐deposition. Although condensed sequences occur frequently throughout the sedimentary record, they are particularly common around the Callovian to Oxfordian transition. A series of models has been proposed to explain these almost worldwide occurrences, ranging from eustatic sea‐level highstands to glacial phases connected with regressions. The succession of the Kachchh Basin shows almost stable conditions across this boundary with only a slight fall in relative sea‐level, reaching its minimum not before the late Early Oxfordian. 相似文献
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多环芳烃(PAHs)是古环境、古野火以及古气候的重要地质记录,本文通过气相色谱质谱法(GC- MS)研究了柴达木盆地北缘中侏罗统石门沟组煤中多环芳烃分布特征,检测出一系列二环至七环芳烃化合物,包括高等植物衍生多环芳烃(卡达烯、6- 异丙基- 1- 异己基- 2- 甲基萘、惹烯、西蒙内利烯以及二氢惹烯)和燃烧衍生多环芳烃(荧蒽、芘、苯并\[a\]蒽、、苯并荧蒽、苯并\[e\]芘、苯并\[a\]芘、茚并\[cd\]芘、苯并\[ghi\]苝和晕苯)等。这些多环芳烃的检出表明石门沟组煤沉积于具有显著陆源高等植物输入的微咸水湖沼环境,成熟度较低(平均随机反射率为056%)。石门沟组煤中高等植物衍生多环芳烃以极高的惹烯含量为特征,且存在较高丰度的西蒙内利烯和二氢惹烯,卡达烯丰度极低,反映出成煤期陆地植被类型以松柏类植物的针叶林为主,气候温暖湿润。同时,煤中丰富的燃烧衍生多环芳烃证实了柴达木盆地北缘中侏罗世存在广泛的陆地古野火,较高的大气氧气浓度(256%)可能是该时期野火频发的一个重要诱因。本次研究为柴达木盆地中侏罗世古野火事件的研究提供了重要的分子化石证据,也是对中侏罗世古环境和古气候研究的有益补充。 相似文献
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豫西济源盆地位于秦岭造山带北部, 是三叠纪-侏罗纪秦岭造山带的同造山盆地.对济源盆地中三叠世-中侏罗世6个组的碎屑锆石样品进行了LA-ICP-MS的U-Pb年龄分析.结果表明, 碎屑锆石年龄主要分布于以下区间: 2.9~1.7 Ga、1.6~1.0 Ga、1.0~0.8 Ga、800~650 Ma、520~380 Ma、350~245 Ma和~220 Ma, 其中除了2.9~1.7 Ga的碎屑锆石主要来自于华北克拉通基底外, 其他几个年龄段的锆石则主要来自于秦岭造山带, 并且显示出随着地层年龄的逐渐变新, 碎屑锆石年龄有逐渐变老的趋势.在中三叠世-晚三叠世早期样品中, 主要年龄是350~245 Ma, 在晚三叠世晚期-中侏罗世早期样品中, 1.6~1.0 Ga、1.0~0.8 Ga、800~650 Ma和520~380 Ma则逐渐增多, 到了中侏罗世晚期, 1.6~1.0 Ga和520~380 Ma依然存在于样品中, 并且还发现了~220 Ma年龄.碎屑锆石年龄结构指示了秦岭造山带印支期经历了由年轻的盖层到较老的基底的去顶过程.并与合肥、黄石盆地的碎屑锆石数据对比发现, 早侏罗世时, 去顶强度东强西弱; 东部高压-超高压变质岩或晚三叠世岩体可能暴露于早侏罗世, 而西部则到了中侏罗世. 相似文献
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Leszek Marynowski Michał Zatoń Bernd R.T. Simoneit Angelika Otto Mariusz O. Jędrysek Cezary Grelowski Slawomir Kurkiewicz 《Applied Geochemistry》2007
The comprehensive biomarker characteristics from previously undescribed Middle Jurassic clays of Poland are presented. The molecular composition of the organic matter (OM) derived from clays of Aalenian to Callovian age has not changed significantly through time. High relative concentrations of many biomarkers typical for terrestrial material suggest a distinct dominance of OM derived from land plants. Increasing concentrations of C29-diaster-13(17)-enes towards the northern part of the basin indicate an increase in terrestrial input. This terrestrial material would have originated from the enhanced transport of organic matter from land situated at the northern bank of the basin, i.e., the Fennoscandian Shield. The organic matter was deposited in an oxic to suboxic environment, as indicated by relatively low concentrations of C33–C35 homohopanes, moderate to high Pr/Ph ratio values, an absence of compounds characteristic for anoxia and water column stratification, such as isorenieratane, aryl isoprenoids and gammacerane, as well as common benthic fauna and burrows. δ18O measurements from calcitic rostra of belemnites suggest that the mean value of the Middle Jurassic sea-water temperature of the Polish Basin was 13.1 °C. It is suggested that this mirrored the temperature of the lower water column because belemnites are considered here to be necto-benthic. The organic matter from the Middle Jurassic basin of Poland is immature. This is clearly indicated by a large concentration of biomarkers with the biogenic configurations, such as ββ-hopanes, hop-13(18)-enes, hop-17(21)-enes, diasterenes and sterenes. The identification of preserved, unaltered biomolecules like ferruginol, 6,7-dehydroferruginol and sugiol in Protopodocarpoxylon wood samples from these sediments present particularly strong evidence for the presence of immature OM in the Middle Jurassic sediments. Moreover, the occurrence of these polar diterpenoids is important due to the fact that they are definitely the oldest known natural products detected in geological samples. 相似文献
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中侏罗世-早白垩世华北地台东部的北黄海盆地受古亚洲构造体制向滨太平洋构造体制转换的影响,其构造演化经历了伸展-反转挤压-伸展的转变.构造体制的差异不但表现在大地构造性质及其产生的地质效应上,也表现在盆地沉积特征、古生物及古气候等方面.本文以北黄海盆地东部坳陷X1井中侏罗统至下白垩统为研究对象,利用泥岩元素地球化学特征对古气候的指示,结合盆地沉积特征及古生物资料,对古气候演化展开研究.研究显示,中侏罗世-早白垩世X1井泥岩样品的Sr/Cu比值（2.12~34.10）、Sr/Ba比值（0.16~1.60）、Rb/Sr比值（0.13~1.23）、Fe2O3/FeO比值（0.22~11.10）、V/Cr比值（0.91~1.78）、V/Sc比值（4.89~8.33）、Ni/Co比值（1.14~3.85）、δU比值（0.50~0.84）和U/Th比值（0.11~0.24）的纵向变化反映古气候经历了温湿→整体湿润、短暂干热→干热的演化.沉积物经历了暗色细粒沉积物为主→灰色、灰色夹灰绿色、灰色与红褐色互层细粒沉积物为主→灰色粗粒沉积物和红褐色、灰黄色细粒沉积物为主的变化.古生物经历了喜湿植物丰富→喜热植物出现→喜热植物丰富的过程.结果表明,受古亚洲构造体制和滨太平洋构造体制的影响,华北地台向北漂移,北黄海盆地古气候经历了由中侏罗世-晚侏罗世早期以温湿气候为主,至晚侏罗世晚期-早白垩世早期整体相对湿润,出现短暂干热气候,到早白垩世中期-早白垩世晚期为干热气候的演化.北黄海盆地中侏罗世-早白垩世古气候由温湿向干热的转变正是对华北地台东部晚中生代两大构造体制转换的响应. 相似文献
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湘东南汝城盆地为一早侏罗世—中侏罗世初期的陆相盆地。下侏罗统心田门组和高家田组主要为内陆湖泊—沼泽相碎屑岩沉积,夹有明显受地壳混染并具低钾高钠特征的板内拉斑玄武岩,表明早侏罗世汝城盆地为同造山上隆伸展裂陷盆地。中侏罗统千佛岩组与下伏高家田组为平行不整合接触关系。千佛岩组下部具类磨拉石沉积特征,上部局部含高家田组玄武质火山碎屑,地层呈西倾单斜式,盆地西缘为逆断裂所压覆等,表明中侏罗世初期汝城盆地为挤压收缩盆地,形成于造山构造环境。结合中生代地质构造发展框架及燕山早期晚阶段后造山花岗岩的大量发育等,认为湘东南及湘粤赣边区早侏罗世—中侏罗世初期属陆内同造山构造环境,中侏罗世早期—晚侏罗世为后造山构造环境。汝城盆地性质的确定对深入研究华南地区中生代构造演化具有重要的启示意义。 相似文献
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右江盆地,又称南盘江盆地,是我国重要的多金属矿床富集地,广泛发育有Au-As-Sb-Hg低温热液矿床,也是我国
卡林型金矿大规模富集区之一。矿床地质特征表明,金矿床的形成明显受到构造的控制,因此,探讨盆地的构造演化对于
深入研究卡林型金矿的形成具有重要意义。通过结合前人大量研究认为：右江盆地内主要发育有NW和NE向两组构造,
NW及NE向的边界断裂对盆地的演化及火成岩的发育起到重要作用;金矿床在平面上均分布于右江盆地范围内,具有明显
的岩性和构造控矿的特征;右江盆地形成及后续的构造演化可以分为六个阶段,即：早泥盆世中期滨浅海陆棚发育
（D2
1 ）,中泥盆世-中二叠世裂陷洋盆发育（D2-P2）,中二叠世末-中三叠世洋盆消失及前陆盆地发育（P3
2 -T2）,晚三叠世
-早侏罗世盆地消亡及碰撞后伸展（T3-J1）,中侏罗世-早白垩世中期NE向挤压构造发育（J2- K2
1 ） 和早白垩世晚期-古
近纪局部伸展作用（K3
1 -E）;右江盆地内卡林型金矿的成矿期集中在前陆盆地发育结束而褶皱成山后,成矿过程与伸展环
境密切相关。 相似文献
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义马盆地位于华北板块西南缘,是河南省境内唯一可采的中生代煤田,位置特殊。为了揭示其中侏罗世阿林期-巴柔期的沉积相及其古地理演化特征,运用矿物岩石学、地球化学、沉积学及岩相古地理等方法,以义马盆地中侏罗世含煤岩系为例,进行地层划分及沉积相和古地理研究。研究结果表明,研究区中侏罗世含煤岩系属阿林期-巴柔期,该时期主要发育冲积扇、辫状河、三角洲、湖泊等4种沉积相。利用单因素分析多因素综合作图法,以成煤期为节点,定量恢复了阿林期-巴柔期的古地理特征,从成煤期前到成煤期后,各优势古地理单元变化明显,具有冲积扇-三角洲-湖泊的变化规律,整体上是一个退积过程。 相似文献
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华北克拉通北缘侏罗纪造山过程及关键时限的沉积证据 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
宁武-静乐盆地与浑源盆地位于华北克拉通中北部,侏罗纪地层序列完整,物源指向于阴山-燕山造山带中段,通过对盆地内侏罗纪沉积特征的研究,可以演绎华北克拉通北缘侏罗纪的造山过程。在盆地沉积分析的基础上,通过宁武-静乐盆地中侏罗统云岗组顶部的凝灰质泥晶碳酸盐岩及浑源盆地上侏罗统髫髻山组玄武-安山岩锆石U-Pb同位素测年,结合国际地层年代表推荐年龄及中侏罗统的沉积速率,对整个侏罗纪沉积序列转换的关键时限进行了限定。研究认为：中侏罗统云岗组底部砾岩沉积时期,侏罗纪沉积演化序列经历了早期湖进至晚期湖退的转换过程,暗示着区域应力场由早期的拉张向晚期的挤压转换,孕育着侏罗纪造山运动的开始,具体时限大约为168 Ma;中侏罗统云岗组顶部凝灰质泥晶碳酸盐岩沉积时期,沉积地层的颜色由其下的灰绿色突变为其上的紫红色,孕育着湖盆地形的突然抬升,区域氧化性增强,气候环境的突变,侏罗纪造山运动进入了快速发展阶段,具体时限为161.0～159.0 Ma;中/晚侏罗世沉积序列具有继承性的发育特征,随着湖盆地形的进一步抬升,侏罗纪沉积范围迅速退至造山带前缘,以砾岩沉积为主,为同期造山运动的产物,侏罗纪造山运动进入了高峰期,具体时限为159.0～153.0 Ma;晚侏罗世晚期,区域上以玄武-安山岩及凝灰质角砾岩沉积为主,侏罗纪造山运动进入了造山期后的调整阶段。 相似文献
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[摘 要] 中扬子中侏罗统主要散布于中扬子前陆盆地各次级盆地中,应用现代沉积学、高分辨率层序地层学理论,结合露头岩性、古生物、沉积相分析等手段,发现中侏罗统主要为辫状河、辫状河三角洲或扇三角洲以及滨浅湖沉积体系,在不同区域,分别以花家湖组、沙溪庙组和千佛崖组地层命名。不同区域层序特征既有差异,又存在相似性。根据高分辨率层序地层学理论,将花家湖组、沙溪庙组和千佛崖组分别划分为4 个、4个和2个三级层序,局部地区还可细划四级层序,整个中侏罗统大致相当于1个二级层序。此层序地层格架的形成主要是受构造因素控制,即印支期以来中扬子地区发生强烈的构造变形和运动而形成复杂的盆山耦合体系,层序横向展布和纵向叠加于前陆盆地中。 相似文献
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Wide regions of Morocco, from the Meseta to the High Atlas, have experienced km-scale upward vertical movements during Middle Jurassic to Early Cretaceous times following the appearance of oceanic crust in the Central Atlantic. The area experiencing exhumation was flanked to the W by a domain of continuous subsidence, part of which is named the Essaouira-Agadir basin. Comparison with vertical movement curves predicted by lithospheric thinning models shows that only 50–60?% of the subsidence documented in the Essaouira basin can be explained by post-rift thermal relaxation and that <30–40?% of the observed exhumation can be explained by processes (in)directly related to the evolution of the Central Atlantic rifted margin. Syn-sedimentary structures in Middle Jurassic to Lower Cretaceous formations of the Eassouira-Agadir basin are common and range from m-scale folds and thrusts to km-scale sedimentary wedges. These structures systematically document coeval shortening generally oriented at high angle to the present margin. As a working hypothesis, it is suggested that regional shortening can explain the structural observations and the enigmatic vertical movements. 相似文献
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四川盆地中侏罗统新田沟组作为侏罗纪大面积红层之下的重要岩石地层单元,见证了盆地由潮湿向干旱转变的整个过程。然而,以往的研究主要集中在古气候类型方面,缺乏系统深入的气候变化研究。本文以川东北地区宣汉七里乡塔坝剖面为对象,系统分析了泥岩的主微量元素地球化学特征,结果表明:化学蚀变指数(CIA)、C值、Sr/Cu、Sr/Ba、Rb/Ti、Cs/Ti、Rb/K等7种古气候替代指标综合显示新田沟期气候存在从炎热潮湿逐渐向干旱转变的趋势,整体以半干旱-半潮湿气候为主。且该时期气候变化过程并不稳定,存在多个短期的湿热与干旱的气候波动。在新田沟组沉积末期,气候条件变得极端干燥。川东北地区中侏罗世的元素地球化学特征记录了区域内重大地质转折期将至时的气候变化,在侏罗纪大面积红层发生之前,气候条件已经开始响应。在中侏罗世早期,四川盆地与欧洲地区并不处于同一个气候带内。 相似文献
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This paper aims to discuss the depositional settings and provenances for the Jurassic in Jiyuan basin, North China, based on the rare earth element (REE) and trace element features of 16 Jurassic argillaceous rock samples from the Anyao, Yangshuzhuang and Ma’ao Formations, respectively. Generally, geochemical analysis results show that chondrite-normalised REE distribution patterns of all the three formations are characterised by light-REE (LREE) enrichment, moderately negative Eu anomalies, slightly negative Ce anomalies, and strong fractionation between LREE and heavy-REE (HREE). Trace element proxies V/(V + Ni), Ce anom index, Ce/La, Sr/Ba, and Sr/Cu indicate a weak oxidation–reduction environment, progressively decreasing reducibility and water depth from the bottom up during Jurassic in Jiyuan basin. Palaeoclimate varied from humid in the Early Jurassic to arid in the Middle Jurassic, corresponding with the variations of palaeoredox and palaeosalinity. The provenances of Jurassic rocks in Jiyuan basin are mainly from felsic sources related to active continental margin and continental island arc. The Early–Middle Jurassic (Anyao and Yangshuzhuang Formations) provenances are mainly derived from North Qinling and partially from the eroded recycled felsic sedimentary covers of Taihang Mountain. In the late stage of Middle Jurassic (Ma’ao Formation), Taihang Mountain has been the primary source to Jiyuan basin. We conclude that the Jurassic rocks of Jiyuan basin reveal the progressive uplift and denudation processes of the Taihang Mountain. 相似文献