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1.
The Eocene represents the last greenhouse interval before Present. The maximum warming during the early Eocene was followed by a long-term cooling trend culminating in the Antarctica glaciation at the base of the Oligocene. Superimposed on this long-term cooling trend there is a prominent transient warming event known as the middle Eocene climatic optimum (MECO) occurring during the early Bartonian. The carbonate ramp succession cropping out in the Argentina Valley (Maritime Alps) offers new insights on the evolution of shallow water realms during this time interval. This ramp displays two main facies belts, middle and outer ramp. The middle ramp is recorded by larger benthic foraminifer floatstone to rudstone, passing to Solenomeris branches and nodule floatstone to rudstone evolving to branching coralline algal floatstone. The outer ramp is dominated by bioturbated marly wackestone to packstone alternating with larger benthic foraminifer floatstone with a silty matrix. The investigated ramp was affected by continuous dispersion and reworking of the skeletal components as other Tethyan Eocene ramps. During the Eocene, the Alpine foreland was influenced by fine terrigenous input controlling the trophic conditions and promoting seawater stratification and the development of a strong pycnocline, for which many perturbations could propagate as internal waves. The reworking of skeletal components of the ramp has been ascribed to the action of internal waves. The switch of carbonate production from a carbonate factory dominated by larger benthic foraminifera to a factory in which the encrusting foraminifer Solenomeris was the main carbonate producer biota, is indicative of a radical change in palaeoenvironmental conditions affecting the early Bartonian. The acme of Solenomeris often coincided with the crisis of carbonate producers during intervals of an evident deterioration of environmental conditions. In this case the acme is probably related to the adverse conditions linked to the (MECO) warming event. Finally, the drowning of the nummulitic ramp has been caused by light reduction for the photo-dependent biota due to progressively increasing depth linked to flexural subsidence of the foreland plate, and minor efficiency of the aphotic carbonate factory.  相似文献   

2.
任颖  孙卫  明红霞  张茜  霍磊  曹雷  陈斌 《现代地质》2016,30(5):1124-1133
利用高压压汞、恒速压汞、核磁共振、扫描电镜、X射线衍射等资料,对姬塬地区长6段不同成岩相储层开展可动流体赋存特征及其影响因素分析。结果表明：(1)研究区三类有效成岩相储层,绿泥石膜胶结—残余粒间孔相、长石溶蚀相及高岭石胶结相,微观孔喉差异明显,主要体现在喉道上;(2)从T2谱分析可知,绿泥石膜胶结—残余粒间孔相孔喉半径均匀,连通性好,可动流体饱和度最高,长石溶蚀相次之,可动流体饱和度中等,高岭石胶结相孔隙类型单一且小,可动流体饱和度最低;(3)孔喉半径、主流喉道半径、孔喉半径比及有效孔喉体积是引起不同成岩相储层可动流体赋存特征差异的主控因素,渗透率的大小是影响其饱和度大小的重要因素之一,高岭石和伊利石含量的增多对其可动流体赋存具有破坏作用。  相似文献   

3.
The present study deals with the petrographical and petrophysical properties of the Aptian–Albian Risan Aneiza Formation in north Sinai, Egypt. Cementation and aggrading neomorphism are the main porosity-reducing factors for Risan Aneiza Formation, whereas dissolution and leaching out are the main porosity-enhancing factors. Dolomitization, on the other hand, played a multistage role as a porosity-reducing factor in the initial invasion stage by Mg-bearing solutions and in the final pervasive stage, while it played an enhancing role in the selective dolomitization midway stage. Mostly, the mentioned pore types were later reduced by cementation with sparite and dolosparite as well as by aggrading neomorphism. Based on the governing effect of diagenetic factors on the petrophysical behavior and their enhancing or reducing effect on the pore volume, the Risan Aneiza Formation has to be classified into seven petrophysical facies; each one has its characteristic petrophysical features and behavior. The petrophysical behavior of the studied facies has been examined by measuring porosity, density, permeability, and electrical resistivity. The reservoir quality index reveals that the petrophysical features of the studied facies can be explained based on their petrographical features, indicating bad reservoir properties for the Risan Aneiza samples. Studying the petrophysical facies behavior indicates that the permeability and formation resistivity factors are mostly dependent on the effective porosity and, to some extent, on the electric tortuosity. Precautions must be taken into consideration in extrapolating the present conclusion to the subsurface extensions, e.g., similarity of the mineralogical composition, the diagenetic history stage, as well as the geopressure.  相似文献   

4.
勘探实践表明,准噶尔盆地玛北斜坡主力油层段百二段砂砾岩储层非均质性强,孔隙结构差异大,需要综合影响储层的各种地质因素对其进行分类评价。利用岩芯、薄片、钻测井、物性、工业CT等资料,对准噶尔盆地玛北斜坡玛131井区块百二段砂砾岩储层沉积相、成岩相、裂缝相特征进行了研究,在此基础上分析了百二段储层岩石物理相,并基于岩石物理相对储层进行分类评价,预测有利储层发育区。通过沉积微相、成岩相的叠加聚类,对研究区百二段砂砾岩储层岩石物理相进行分类,划分出水下分流河道-不稳定组分溶蚀等岩石物理相;按照沉积相、成岩相对储层孔隙结构的建设与破坏作用归纳出3大类岩石物理相。依据三类岩石物理相将储层划分为3类,并结合压汞、薄片、CT、产能等资料进行表征与评价,其中一类和二类岩石物理相储集性能较好,三类岩石物理相为致密遮挡层。最后以亚段为单位,对百二段岩石物理相进行平面成图,预测有利储层分布区。  相似文献   

5.
The influence of pore structure, water transport properties and rock strength on salt weathering is evaluated by means of a thorough rock characterisation and a statistical analysis. The pore structure was described in terms of its porosity, pore size distribution (quantified by mean pore radius) and specific surface area, density and water transport was characterised by means of water permeability (saturated flow) and capillary imbibition (unsaturated flow); whilst the rock strength test was carried out using uniaxial compressive strength, compressional and shear wave velocities, dynamic elastic constants and waveform energy and attenuation were obtained from the digital analysis of the transmitted signal. A principal component analysis and a stepwise multiple regression model was carried out in order to examine the direct relationships between salt weathering and petrophysical properties. From the principal component analysis, two main components were obtained and assigned a petrophysical meaning. The first component is mostly linked to mechanical properties, porosity and density whereas the second component is associated with the water transport and pore structure. Salt weathering, quantified by the percentage of weight loss after salt crystallisation, was included in both principal components, showing its dependence on their petrophysical properties. The stepwise multiple regression analysis found that rock strength has a predominant statistical weight in the prediction of salt weathering, with a minor contribution of water transport and pore structure parameters.  相似文献   

6.
The Cenomanian marine sequence in north Sinai is mostly represented by El-Halal Formation. Petrographically, it is composed of four microfacies, namely: (1) dolomitic micrite, (2) dolomicrite, (3) dolowackestone and (4) dolosparite. The assigned pore volume (10–25%) could be differentiated into: micro intercrystalline pore spaces, micro to meso vugs and micro pore channels. The present pore spaces are frequently reduced by drusy and/or xenotopic dolosparite and micro sparry calcite. El-Halal Formation has been deposited in a restricted marine platform (SMF-23, FZ-8) with a progressive shallowing sea level upward. The diagenetic history has been controlled by cementation, dolomitization, aggrading neomorphism and creation of authigenic illite. Petrophysically, the studied samples could be grouped into three petrophysical facies: (1) dolomitic micrite/dolomicrite facies, (2) dolowackestone and (3) dolosparite. The permeability (ave. 3.54, 12.9 and 0.49 md, respectively) is dependent on the pore channel radius (ave. 1.03, 1.92 and 0.19 μm, respectively) and porosity (ave. 22.1%, 25.8% and 11.4%, respectively); it could be related to the electrical tortuosity as well (ave. 3.28, 1.40 and 5.06, respectively). The apparent formation resistivity factor was measured at five consequent saline concentrations of 6, 30, 60, 90 and 120 kppm and the true one has been calculated. It is controlled by the effective porosity and electrical tortuosity. Though dolomitization has an enhancing effect on the studied petrophysical features, it had a reducing effect in its first stages of invasion through filling the pore spaces and in the last stages through the aggrading neomorphism.  相似文献   

7.
A key challenge in the oil and gas industry is the ability to predict key petrophysical properties such as porosity and permeability. The predictability of such properties is often complicated by the complex nature of geologic materials. This study is aimed at developing models that can estimate permeability in different reservoir sandstone facies types. This has been achieved by integrating geological characterization, regression models and artificial neural network models with porosity as the input data and permeability as the output. The models have been developed, validated and tested using samples from three wells and their predictive accuracy tested by using them to predict the permeability in a fourth well which was excluded from the model development. The results indicate that developing the models on a facies basis provides a better predictive capability and simpler models compared to developing a single model for all the facies combined. The model for the combined facies predicted permeability with a correlation coefficient of 0.41 which is significantly lower than the correlation coefficient of 0.97, 0.93, 0.99, 0.96, 0.96 and 0.85 for the massive coarse-grained sandstones, massive fine-grained sandstones-moderately sorted, massive fine-grained sandstones-poorly sorted, massive very fine-grained sandstones, parallel-laminated sandstones and bioturbated sandstones, respectively. The models proposed in this paper can predict permeability at up to 99% accuracy. The lower correlation coefficient of the bioturbated sandstone facies compared to other facies is attributed to the complex and variable nature of bioturbation activities which controls the petrophysical properties of highly bioturbated rocks.  相似文献   

8.
徐州大北望寒武系徐庄组发育不同类型海绿石，为探讨不同类型海绿石的成因，基于海绿石的矿物学、地球化学及沉积环境分析，利用偏光显微镜、X 射线衍射及电子探针等方法对各含海绿石岩层及不同类型海绿石进行系统对比研究查明海绿石的指相意义。结果表明，徐庄组发育颗粒状、碎屑假象状和胶团状三种类型海绿石，其中颗粒状海绿石具有中—高含量钾、高含量铁、砂岩中—高含量铝、石灰岩中低含量铝等特征；碎屑假象状海绿石具有变化大的钾、铁、铝，且保持着其母质形态特征；胶团状海绿石具有高钾、高铁、低铝特点。颗粒状海绿石成因符合颗粒绿化理论，砂岩中海绿石易受环境影响；碎屑假象状海绿石成因符合层状晶格理论及假象替代理论，受到交代和溶蚀作用，因受较强的水动力条件影响成分变化较大；胶团状海绿石是凝胶状海绿石通过胶结作用沉淀，形成于稳定环境中。  相似文献   

9.
Bulk magnetic susceptibility measurements on sedimentological samples from all geological periods have been used widely in the last two decades for correlations and as a proxy for sea‐level variations. This paper explores the link between magnetic susceptibility, depositional setting and environmental parameters. These environmental parameters include distal–proximal transects, microfacies successions and fourth‐order trends on different carbonate platform types (platform, ramp, carbonate mound or atoll) during different Devonian stages (Eifelian, Givetian and Frasnian). Average magnetic susceptibility values over a distal–proximal‐trending facies succession vary markedly with depositional setting. On carbonate platforms, average magnetic susceptibility generally increases towards the top of shallowing‐upward sequences. On a distal–proximal transect, average magnetic susceptibility is intermediate for the deepest facies, decreases for the reef belts and increases to a maximum in the back‐reef zone. In ramps and atolls, magnetic susceptibility trends clearly differ; average magnetic susceptibility generally decreases towards the top of shallowing‐upward sequences and is highest in the deepest facies. The strong relationship between magnetic susceptibility, facies and sequences implies a strong environmental influence. However, the different responses in the different platform types suggest that sea‐level changes leading to variation in detrital input is not the only parameter controlling average magnetic susceptibility values. Other primary or secondary processes also probably influenced magnetic mineral distribution. Primary processes such as carbonate production and water agitation during deposition are probably key factors. When carbonate production is high, the proportion of magnetic minerals is diluted and the magnetic susceptibility signal decreases. High water agitation during deposition will also selectively remove magnetic minerals and will lead to low average magnetic susceptibility values. These parameters explain the lowest values observed on the reef platform, inner ramp and atoll crown, which are all in areas characterized by higher carbonate production and greater water agitation during deposition. The lowest values observed in the lagoon inside the atoll crown can be related to detrital isolation by the atoll crown. However, other parameters such as biogenic magnetite production or diagenesis can also influence the magnetic signal. Diagenesis can change magnetism by creating or destroying magnetic minerals. However, the influence of diagenesis probably is linked strongly to the primary facies (permeability, amount of clay or organic matter) and probably enhanced the primary signal. The complexity of the signal gives rise to correlation problems between different depositional settings. Thus, while magnetic susceptibility has the potential to be an important correlation tool, the results of this investigation indicate that it cannot be used without consideration of sedimentary processes and depositional environments and without strong biostratigraphical control.  相似文献   

10.
黎盼 《地质与勘探》2019,55(2):649-660
针对鄂尔多斯盆地马岭油田长8_1储层微观非均质性强、微观孔隙结构复杂、流体分布特征差异性明显等问题,利用核磁共振技术对不同成岩相类型储层可动流体进行定量评价,辅助以常规物性、图像孔隙、铸体薄片、扫描电镜、高压压汞和恒速压汞等微观实验,分析不同类型的成岩相可动流体赋存特征差异性及其主控因素。研究结果表明,研究区主要分成四种成岩相,分别为绿泥石+伊利石胶结-粒间孔相、伊利石+高岭石胶结-粒间孔+溶蚀相、绿泥石+伊利石胶结-溶蚀相和碳酸盐胶结致密相。四种不同成岩相类型的微观孔隙结构有着明显的差异,微观孔隙结构差异是造成可动流体饱和度差异的主要因素。不同成岩相类型的储层渗透率与可动流体参数的相关性较强,储层物性越好,可动流体参数变化幅度越大;孔喉半径大小、孔喉半径比、分选系数、孔喉进汞饱和度以及粘土矿物的充填是影响不同成岩相类型可动流体赋存特征差异的主控因素。其中有效喉道半径、孔喉进汞饱和度、孔喉半径比是影响可动流体饱和度的主要因素,分选系数对可动流体饱和度影响较明显,储层物性对可动流体饱和度的影响较小。  相似文献   

11.
再论安徽沿江地区中二叠统栖霞组砾屑灰岩的成因   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
安徽沿江地区中二叠统栖霞组地层厚度大,有机质含量高,保存条件良好,其广泛发育的砾屑灰岩也是人们重点关注的对象。但对砾屑灰岩的成因一直存在不同的观点,这对下扬子地区二叠纪古地理恢复及油气勘探等无疑是一种制约。因此,确定栖霞组砾屑灰岩的成因及沉积相意义重大。根据砾石的颜色、含量、产出形态、粒径和圆度等,本文将栖霞组砾屑灰岩分出四种不同类型。综合国际上对砾屑灰岩的成因认识及前人对本区的研究成果,并结合本文研究,对栖霞组砾屑灰岩的成因进行深入讨论。讨论结果显示,砾屑灰岩应为斜坡沉积产物。另外,由于斜坡坡度的差异,分别发育不同的砾石形态、砾石与基质的组合及岩相特征。栖霞组砾屑灰岩的斜坡相沉积可以进一步分为斜坡上部、斜坡中部和斜坡下部。  相似文献   

12.
基于铸体薄片、扫描电镜、岩心照片、恒速压汞等资料,综合考虑物源、黏土矿物类型、孔隙类型、成岩作用等参数将王盘山长61储层划分成6种不同组合类型成岩相,其中优势储集成岩相为高岭石+绿泥石胶结-粒间孔相、高岭石胶结-溶孔+粒间孔相、绿泥石+高岭石胶结-溶孔相等。研究表明:不同类型成岩相的微观孔隙结构特征及测井响应特征不同,各成岩相微观孔喉差异明显,尤其体现在毛管压力曲线和喉道上,喉道半径与渗透率的相关性好于孔隙半径与孔隙度、渗透率的相关性,优势成岩相孔喉半径较均匀、连通性好、渗流能力较强,相同进汞压力条件下进汞饱和度高;利用自然伽马、声波时差、电阻率等测井曲线,归纳了不同成岩相的测井响应特征,建立了各成岩相测井响应识别模板,确定了不同成岩相的测井响应定量判别标准,最终实现储层纵向上成岩相的识别与划分,为低渗透砂岩储层甜点预测提供重要参考。  相似文献   

13.
伊拉克哈法亚油田Mishrif组碳酸盐岩储层孔隙结构类型的差异性及对其控制因素的认识是制约该类储层分类评价的一个关键问题。综合利用岩芯、铸体薄片、扫描电镜、常规物性、压汞分析等手段及统计分析方法对储层的主要孔隙类型、喉道类型、喉道分布特征进行了研究,确定了孔隙结构划分依据和方案,并划分出了中低孔超低渗细喉型、中低孔低渗细喉型、中高孔中低渗中细喉型、高孔中低渗细喉型、中高孔中低渗细喉型、中高孔中低渗中喉型六种孔隙结构类型,并通过毛管压力曲线的形态划分出了Ⅰ-Ⅴ五类线型;研究区主要发育开阔台地相,并划分出8种储集岩类型,分别是泥晶灰岩、生屑粒泥灰岩、生屑泥粒灰岩、砂屑生屑泥粒灰岩、生屑颗粒灰岩、砂屑生屑颗粒灰岩、介壳类漂浮岩和岩溶建造岩,其中岩溶建造岩储层具有较特殊的网络状孔隙结构。因此,可以认为哈法亚Mishrif组储层主要受早成岩期岩溶作用影响,其早成岩期溶蚀具有明显的相控特征,是孔隙结构差异性的主要控制因素,极大的改善了该套储层的物性。  相似文献   

14.
In the framework of the German R&D joint project CLEAN (CO2 large-scale enhanced gas recovery in the Altmark natural gas field), Rotliegend reservoir sandstones of the Altensalzwedel block in the Altmark area (Saxony-Anhalt, central Germany) have been studied to characterise litho- and diagenetic facies, mineral content, geochemical composition, and petrophysical properties. These sands have been deposited in a playa environment dominated by aeolian dunes, dry to wet sand flats and fluvial channel fills. The sediments exhibit distinct mineralogical, geochemical, and petrophysical features related to litho- and diagenetic facies types. In sandstones of the damp to wet sandflats, their pristine red colours are preserved and porosity and permeability are only low. Rocks of the aeolian environment and most of the channel fill deposits are preferentially bleached and exhibit moderate to high porosity and permeability. Although geochemical element whole rock content in these rocks is very similar, element correlations are different. Variations in porosity and permeability are mainly due to calcite and anhydrite dissolution and differences in clay coatings with Fe-bearing illitic-chloritic composition exposed to the pore space. Moreover, mineral dissolution patterns as well as compositions (of clays and carbonate) and morphotypes of authigenic minerals (chlorite, illite) are different in red and bleached rocks. Comparison of the geochemical composition and mineralogical features of diagenetically altered sandstones and samples exposed to CO2-bearing fluids in laboratory batch experiments exhibit similar character. Experiments prove an increase in wettability and water binding capacity during CO2 impact.  相似文献   

15.
Carbonate rocks can be classified in terms of those properties relating to the pore system of lithified sediments, so‐called ‘petrophysical rock types’, or ‘depositional rock types’ which are categorized based on characteristics directly reflecting their original depositional environment. Whereas petrophysical rock types are typically used to identify and distribute rock bodies within a reservoir with similar flow characteristics, depositional rock types ignore pore types and capture sedimentary structures, lithology and fossils. Both classification systems are extensively used to describe reservoir rocks, but the degree of plurality between them remains poorly understood and is the motivation for this study. To examine the degree of congruency between the two classification schemes, a field assessment was conducted for a 175 km2 area situated offshore Al Ruwais, northern Qatar, encompassing depositional environments spanning supratidal, intertidal, shallow subtidal and open marine conditions. A total of 350 surficial sediment samples were collected along 24 shore‐normal transects. Each sample was assigned a ‘petrophysical rock type’ class based on analysis of sedimentary texture (grain size and sorting). ‘Depositional rock type’ classes, by contrast, were defined with reference to faunal content and, in turn, classes of mineralogy were delimited by weighting this content against the mineralogy of each faunal category. Of course, the samples studied correspond to unconsolidated sediments and not to indurated rocks. However, considering only primary porosity and permeability preservation, it is reasonable to assume that the classified sediments would become petrophysical rock types and depositional rock types when consolidated, following their primary grain size, sorting and grain type distribution. Therefore, the term ‘rock type’ is retained here for ease of terminology but, for clarity, these are sediment samples. The discrete samples were interpolated into continuous surfaces describing the distribution of depositional rock types, petrophysical rock types and mineralogy, and spatial correspondence between those surfaces was statistically evaluated. In order to link these parameters with environment of deposition, their correlation with water depth (as audited from airborne light detection and ranging) and ecological habitat (mapped from DigitalGlobe satellite imagery) was also assessed. The data reveal that spatial distributions of sedimentary faunal, petrographic and mineralogical properties do not show exactly congruent patterns. Other meaningful trends do exist, however. For example, the occurrence of certain depositional rock types is indicative of particular petrophysical rock types, and vice versa. Further, connections between petrophysical rock types and mineralogy are emphasized and offer insight as to how the evolution of matrix porosity might be predicted via diagenetic models tuned to specific sediment textures. Useful relationships are also identified between the occurrence of petrophysical rock types and depositional rock types, and both ecological habitat and water depth. The potential of such dualities is two‐fold. Firstly, they can be applied to more realistically distribute petrophysical rock types and depositional rock types by environment of deposition in reservoir models and, secondly, the use of modern carbonate systems as subsurface analogues might be enhanced.  相似文献   

16.
Lower Priabonian coral bioherms and biostromes, encased in prodelta marls/clays, occur in the Aínsa‐Jaca piggyback basin, in the South Central Pyrenean zone. Detailed mapping of lithofacies and bounding surfaces onto photomosaics reveals the architecture of coral buildups. Coral lithosomes occur either isolated or amalgamated in larger buildups. Isolated lithosomes are 1 to 8 m thick and a few hundred metres wide; clay content within coral colonies is significant. Stacked bioherms form low‐relief buildups, commonly 20 to 30 m thick, locally up to 50 m. These bioherms are progressively younger to the west, following progradation of the deltaic complex. The lowermost skeletal‐rich beds consist of bryozoan floatstone with wackestone to packstone matrix, in which planktonic foraminifera are abundant and light‐related organisms absent. Basal coral biostromes, and the base of many bioherms, consist of platy‐coral colonies ‘floating’ in a fine‐grained matrix rich in branches of red algae. Corals with domal or massive shape, locally mixed with branching corals and phaceloid coral colonies, dominate buildup cores. These corals are surrounded by matrix and lack organic framework. The matrix consists of wackestone to packstone, locally floatstone, with conspicuous red algal and coral fragments, along with bryozoans, planktonic and benthonic foraminifera and locally sponges. Coral rudstone and skeletal packstone, with wackestone to packstone matrix, also occur as wedges abutting the buildup margins. Integrative analysis of rock textures, skeletal components, buildup anatomy and facies architecture clearly reveal that these coral buildups developed in a prodelta setting where shifting of delta lobes or rainfall cycles episodically resulted in water transparency that allowed zooxanthellate coral growth. The bathymetric position of the buildups has been constrained from the light‐dependent communities and lithofacies distribution within the buildups. The process‐product analysis used here reinforces the hypothesis that zooxanthellate corals thrived in mesophotic conditions at least during the Late Eocene and until the Late Miocene. Comparative analysis with some selected Upper Eocene coral buildups of the north Mediterranean area show similarities in facies, components and textures, and suggest that they also grew in relatively low light (mesophotic) and low hydrodynamic conditions.  相似文献   

17.
Internal surface, formation factor, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)-T2 relaxation times and pore radius distributions were measured on representative core samples for the estimation of hydraulic permeability. Permeability is estimated using various versions of the classic Kozeny–Carman-equation (K–C) and a further development of K–C, the fractal PaRiS-model, taking into account the internal surface. In addition to grain and pore size distribution, directly connected to permeability, internal surface reflects the internal structure (“micro morphology”). Lithologies could be grouped with respect to differences in internal surface. Most melt rich impact breccia lithologies exhibit large internal surfaces, while Tertiary post-impact sediments and Cretaceous lithologies in displaced megablocks display smaller internal surfaces. Investigations with scanning electron microscopy confirm the correlation between internal surface and micro morphology. In addition to different versions of K–C, estimations by means of NMR, pore radius distributions and some gas permeability measurements serve for cross-checking and calibration. In general, the different estimations from the independent methods and the measurements are in satisfactory accordance. For Tertiary limestones and Suevites bulk with very high porosities (up to 35%) permeabilites between 10−14 and 10−16 m2 are found, whereas in lower Suevite, Cretaceous anhydrites and dolomites, bulk permeabilites are between 10−15 and 10−23 m2.  相似文献   

18.
吕洲  王玉普  李莉  张文旗  顾斐  张洋  于利民  林晓海 《地球科学》2018,43(11):4204-4214
针对青山口组一段特低-超低渗储层开发时,仍然存在储层认识程度低的问题.其中,明确特低-超低渗储层物性、含油性及流动性的主控因素是亟待解决的重要问题.利用常规压汞、核磁共振、孔渗测定、粒度分析和X衍射等实验方法,对松辽盆地南部青山口组一段特低-超低渗储层特征参数进行定量表征.结果表明:松辽盆地南部青山口组一段特低-超低渗透储层平均孔喉半径主要分布于0.3~1.7 μm之间.大于1.5 μm的孔喉半径对应常规低渗透储层,以细粒长石岩屑砂岩为主;0.5~1.5 μm孔喉半径对应特低渗透储层,以极细粒长石岩屑砂岩和粗粉砂岩为主,可动流体饱和度大于65%;0.1~0.5 μm孔喉半径对应超低渗透储层,以粗-细粉砂岩为主,可动流体饱和度介于50%~60%.孔喉半径决定了储层物性和流体饱和度特征,并在宏观上受控于沉积相带,应作为特低-超低渗储层评价的重要参数.   相似文献   

19.
Tidal-flat and shoal deposits of carbonate fades in the Qiziqiao Formation are widely distributed over the vast areas of Guangxi, Guangdong and Hunan provinces, constituting an important stratigraphic unit where strata-bound and stratiform ore deposits (galena-sphalerite-pyrite) are found. These types of ore deposit seem to have close relations to the tidal deposits. Recognition of tidal deposits is based upon rock fabric, texture, structure, fossil assemblage, and particular sedimentary cycle. The typical sequence of tidal-flat deposits consists mainly of three units:Amphipora limestone, laminated limestone and dolostone (from the bottom to the top). This sequence represents a complete process of sedimentation from low-tideflat through intertidal to high-tideflat or supratidal. The sequence of shoal deposits of carbonate facies consists chiefly of grainstone and algal oösparite. Two major types of tidal deposit (open and restricted marine facies) can be distinguished, with eleven microfacies as follows: 1) calcarenite (grainstone) with sparite (MF-1); 2) algal oösparite (MF-2); 3) oncolite (alga-, or stromatoporoid-encrusted grains) (MF-3); 4) bioclastic grainstone (biosparite) or rudstone with sparite (MF-4);5) Amphipora limestone (MF-5); 6) dark fossil-poor micrite (MF-6); 7) pelsparite or peloidal grainstone with sparite (MF-7); 8) laminated pellet mudstone-wackstone (MF-8); 9) micrite with onkoids (MF-9); 10) rudstone or floatstone (MF-10; and 11) bedded dolomite-gypsum-dolomite (MF-11).  相似文献   

20.
姚光庆  张建光  姜平  李茂 《地学前缘》2012,19(2):102-109
为明确涠西南凹陷11-7构造区流沙港组中深层碎屑岩有效储层物性下限,基于物性、生产测试、试油、压汞及测井综合地质解释等资料,利用分布函数曲线法、动态生产测试法、试油法、束缚水饱和度法及最小有效孔喉半径法,进行有效储层下限的厘定,并以物性差值为对比参数,结合沉积相、砂体厚度、成岩演化、岩石成分和地层压力进行控制因素分析。结果表明:该区有效储层主要受沉积相和砂体厚度因素控制,辫状河三角洲水下分流河道微相储层最好,重力流有效储层发育程度差;次要因素为成岩阶段,相同成岩期内粗粒岩性较中细粒储层物性差值分异幅度大;岩石成分刚性组分含量高,物性差值高,次生孔隙带长石含量高,物性差值高。该区局部超压作用与储层有效性正相关,但影响作用较小。  相似文献   

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