共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 750 毫秒
1.
Michael R. Walls 《Natural Resources Research》1996,5(3):181-192
Petroleum exploration companies enter the twenty first century facing an increasingly competitive and risky environment. Under those circumstances, there is a growing need for better systematic decision-making that explicitly embodies the firm's desired goals and resource constraints. Computer-aided decision making, or decision support systems (DSS), provide an aid for those exploration management problems that are large, complex, unstructured, and involve management mudgment. Almost every present day DSS falls into one of two general classes. Vehicle DSSs such as linear/nonlinear programming models and other optimization routines, propose and impose specific methodologies to the decision-maker. On the other hand, toolbox DSSs, such as simulation programs, statistical functions, and graphical packages, are generally flexible in enabling their users to employ a variety of approaches and tools for their decision tasks but provide little guidance on both problem representation and investigation. This paper describes the development of a hybrid DSS model that combines the advantages of both the vehicle and toolbox systems components to provide a comprehensive approach to exploration planning from geological development through the capital allocation process. The Exploration Decision Support System (EDSS) preserves the flexibility of the toolbox system while enriching the problem-solving strategies available to the firm. The central objectives for developing an EDSS framework are: (1) better decisions about resource allocations; (2) more systematic understanding of the factors affecting exploration decisions; (3) improved communication about E&P performance objectives and constraints at all levels of decision-making; and (4) an explicit vehicle for continuous improvement of the petroleum exploration firm's decision-making process. The EDSS model can guide geological and exploration managers toward a more formal evaluation of projects, provide insight into the impact of competing choice alternatives, and significantly improve the quality of exploration decisions. 相似文献
2.
Given the uncertainty in grade at a mine location, a financially risk-averse decision-maker may prefer to incorporate this uncertainty into the ore selection process. A FORTRAN program risksel is presented to calculate local risk-adjusted optimal ore selections using a negative exponential utility function and three dominance models: mean-variance, mean-downside risk, and stochastic dominance. All four methods are demonstrated in a grade control environment. In the case study, optimal selections range with the magnitude of financial risk that a decision-maker is prepared to accept. Except for the stochastic dominance method, the risk models reassign material from higher cost to lower cost processing options as the aversion to financial risk increases. The stochastic dominance model usually was unable to determine the optimal local selection. 相似文献
3.
STEPHEN J. CARVER 《International journal of geographical information science》2013,27(3):321-339
Abstract Geographical information systems (GIS) provide the decision-maker with a powerful set of tools for the manipulation and analysis of spatial information. The functionality of GIS is, however, limited to certain deterministic analyses in key application areas such as spatial search. The integration of multi-criteria evaluation (MCE) techniques with GIS is forwarded as providing the user with the means to evaluate various alternatives on the basis of multiple and conflicting criteria and objectives. An example application based on the search for suitable sites for the disposal of radioactive waste in the UK using the Arc/Info GIS is included. The potential use of a combined GIS-MCE approach in the development of spatial decision support systems is considered. 相似文献
4.
Jonathan Corcoran Gary Higgs Chris Brunsdon Andrew Ware 《The Professional geographer》2007,59(4):521-536
This article reports on the results from a spatiotemporal analysis of disaggregate fire incident data. The innovative analysis presented here focuses on the exploration of spatial and temporal patterns for four principal fire incident categories: property, vehicle, secondary fires, and malicious false alarms. This research extends previous work on spatial exploration of spatiotemporal patterns by demonstrating the benefits of comaps and kernel density estimation in examining temporal and spatiotemporal dynamics in calls for services. Results indicate that fire incidents are not static in either time or space and that spatiotemporal variation is related to incident type. The application of these techniques has the potential to inform policy decisions both from a reactive, resource‐allocation perspective and from a more proactive perspective, such as through spatial targeting of preventive measures. 相似文献
5.
Risk and decision making analyses and applications to the petroleum exploration — A certain PSC area
Risk is a critical factor that an investor must take into account, regardless of where money is invested. Before making important
decisions in petroleum exploration, it is standard practice to calculate the expected monetary value for each given prospect.
Because of the large uncertainty inherent in decisions that involve large sums of money, the investor needs to exercise prudence.
This paper describes an application of calculating the expected monetary value in a mature producing area in the Malacca Strait
PSC Contract Area, Indonesia. 相似文献
6.
Geoscientific Information Systems (GIS) provide tools to quantitatively analyze and integrate spatially referenced information
from geological, geophysical, and geochemical surveys for decision-making processes. Excellent coverage of well-documented,
precise and good quality data enables testing of variable exploration models in an efficient and cost effective way with GIS
tools. Digital geoscientific data from the Geological Survey of Finland (GTK) are being used widely as spatial evidence in
exploration targeting, that is ranking areas based on their exploration importance. In the last few years, spatial analysis
techniques including weights-of-evidence, logistic regression, and fuzzy logic, have been increasingly used in GTK’s mineral
exploration and geological mapping projects. Special emphasis has been put into the exploration for gold because of the excellent
data coverage within the prospective volcanic belts and because of the increased activity in gold exploration in Finland during
recent years. In this paper, we describe some successful case histories of using the weights-of-evidence method for the Au-potential
mapping. These projects have shown that, by using spatial modeling techniques, exploration targets can be generated by quantitatively
analyzing extensive amounts of data from various sources and to rank these target areas based on their exploration potential. 相似文献
7.
Qualitative urban geographical research should explicitly acknowledge insights gained from walking (the iterative exploration and observation of cities on foot), which enhances local literacy and enables researchers to compare methods more explicitly. Some urban geographers might use walking as a method, but it is rarely reported in published scholarship. This article argues for the explicit inclusion of walking in methodological reporting for urban research. We suggest that reporting the walking that researchers do adds rigor to research findings and should be distinguished from research where this practice is absent, we report on international experiences using walking in combination with other methods, and we conclude with a proposal for comparable urban geographic walking practices. 相似文献
8.
Mansoor Hamood Al-Harthy 《Natural Resources Research》2007,16(4):305-312
Current practice shows that the use of portfolio and utility theory is very low among petroleum companies. This article advocates
the use of both portfolio theory and utility theory as decision-making tools to improve performance of oil and gas companies.
We introduce a model that can be practically used and applied in the oil and gas industry. This model generates an optimized,
efficient portfolio and, at the same time, enables the decision maker to incorporate his risk attitude and policy. This can
only be done by combining both the portfolio theory and utility theory through an approach called the utility mean-variance
model. A typical oil portfolio optimization problem is investigated by applying both portfolio and utility theories. Through
the utility mean-variance model, an efficient frontier that captures decision maker risk attitude is achieved. 相似文献
9.
Jessica Barabasch Mathieu Ducros Nicolas Hawie Samer Bou Daher Fadi Henri Nader Ralf Littke 《Basin Research》2019,31(2):228-252
The Eastern Mediterranean Levant Basin is a proven hydrocarbon province with recent major gas discoveries. To date, no exploration wells targeted its northern part, in particular the Lebanese offshore. The present study assesses the tectono‐stratigraphic evolution and related petroleum systems of the northern Levant Basin via an integrated approach that combines stratigraphic forward modeling and petroleum systems/basin modeling based on the previous published work. Stratigraphic modeling results provide a best‐fit realisation of the basin‐scale sedimentary filling, from the post‐rift Upper Jurassic until the Pliocene. Simulation results suggest dominant eastern marginal and Arabian Plate sources for Cenozoic siliciclastic sediments and a significant contribution from the southern Nilotic source mostly from Lower Oligocene to Lower Miocene. Basin modeling results suggest the presence of a working thermogenic petroleum system with mature source rocks localised in the deeper offshore. The generated hydrocarbons migrated through the deep basin within Jurassic and Cretaceous permeable layers towards the Latakia Ridge in the north and the Levant margin and offshore topographic highs. Furthermore, the basin model indicates a possibly significant influence of salt deposition during Messinian salinity crisis on formation fluids. Ultimately, the proposed integrated workflow provides a powerful tool for the assessment of petroleum systems in underexplored areas. 相似文献
10.
Kate Boyer 《The Professional geographer》2004,56(2):201-212
At the end of the 19th century, the financial services sector underwent a technological “revolution” with the invention of the typewriter, dictaphone, and hollerith machine. At the same time, the gender of labor within this sector was also changing, such that by the end of the first quarter of the 20th century, most of the work taking place in white‐collar offices was performed by women. After introducing the broader research project on which this is based, I consider how technology and social relations shaped one another at the level of the body, the workplace, and with broader networks of branch banking, focusing on early 20th‐century Montreal, Canada. I argue that the financial services sector worked to create a system in which men flowed through and women functioned as fixed points. I further argue that this pattern was echoed at different scales within the financial services industry, from the level of the body and the workplace up through spatially dispersed national‐level networks. 相似文献
11.
Min Cao Mengxue Huang Shangjing Ma Guonian Lü 《International journal of geographical information science》2020,34(11):2225-2242
ABSTRACT Studies on the riding modes of shared bicycles have aimed to heighten the understanding of cycling characteristics. This paper analyzes the spatiotemporal riding modes of shared bicycles based on tensor decomposition in Beijing, China. Two third-order tensors are constructed for the origin and destination points of shared bicycles in the day, hour, and space dimensions. Three factor matrices explicitly reveal two modes, three modes, and six modes in the day dimension, hour dimension, and space dimension, respectively. The relationships among the different modes in the three dimensions are demonstrated in an interaction table. Further, the density for different types of points of interest (POIs) are calculated to further analyze the potential riding purpose for different riding modes. Notably, the main POI types for the areas of O2 and D2 modes are consistent with the areas of D3 and O3 modes, which reflects the tidal characteristics of the commuting activities of shared bicycles. The main functional areas are inferred according to the riding modes and POIs, which enables verification of the correctness of the obtained riding modes to some extent. By method comparison, tensor decomposition shows the advantage of being able to reveal the spatiotemporal modes among multiple dimensions. 相似文献
12.
The Pb–Zn sulfide concentrations hosted by dolomitized Cambrian carbonates in Southeast Missouri are world-class Mississippi Valley Type (MVT) deposits. These deposits commonly are in sites where local Precambrian basement highs resulted in depositional pinchouts of the basal Cambrian sandstones that served as a regional aquifer for basinal fluid migration driven by late Paleozoic Ouachita deformation. Mineralization also appears to be spatially related to regional faults that probably served as local fluid conduits. Understanding spatial associations between sites of known mineralization and regional geology, geochemistry, and geophysics in Southeast Missouri will be a useful guide in future exploration efforts in this region and for similar geologic settings globally. The weights-of-evidence method is used to evaluate regional geology, geochemistry, and geophysical datasets and produce favorability maps for MVT deposits in Southeast Missouri. Host rock characteristics, regional structural controls, stream sediment geochemistry, and proximity to basement highs appear to be the most useful data for predicting the location of the major deposits. This work illustrates the potential utility of mineral potential modeling to prioritize areas for exploration and identify permissive areas for undiscovered MVT mineralization.
相似文献13.
Gordon Kuo Siong Tan 《Singapore journal of tropical geography》2023,44(3):539-554
International financial centres (IFCs) are regarded as important nodes in governing global flows of money and capital. With increased globalization and rapid technological changes, the rivalry among IFCs has further intensified competition for financial labour—as a concentrated pool of highly skilled finance workers in an open and flexible labour market is crucial to sustaining the competitive dynamics of these urban financial hotspots. This study investigates the importance of different skills and tasks in financial work. Based on surveys and interviews conducted among Singapore's IFC workers, the findings show that cognitive, interpersonal communication and managerial-leadership skills and tasks are more important in financial work, whereas programming, mathematics and systems-based skills are perceived to be less important. Additionally, a network visualization of finance occupational skills obtained from Singapore's national skills database reinforces the importance of cognitive and relational skills in that sector. Higher-order cognitive and relational skills are expected to become even more critical as the financial sector undergoes rapid digital transformation, reinforcing the importance of IFCs as agglomerations of skilled finance talent. 相似文献
14.
Geographies of knowledge, practices of globalization: learning from the oil exploration and production industry 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
In this paper we initiate a dialogue between work on the geographies of globalization and knowledge economies, areas of inquiry that have tended to develop in isolation. We argue for a critical harnessing of these two bodies of work to (1) understand how and where different types of knowledge are acquired, produced and mobilized by firms as they seek to 'go global', (2) map the multi-scalar geographies of knowledge that enable practices of globalization and (3) examine the ways in which networks of knowledge structure emerging geographies of production. We demonstrate the potential of this move using oil exploration and production as an example. 相似文献
15.
中国地级市房地产开发与人居环境耦合发展空间格局 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
中国房地产业历经近30年的发展,主要集中于经济较活跃、环境较适宜、基础设施与公共服务较完善、人居环境较适宜的城市,房地产开发的地域差异逐渐突出。科学适度的房地产开发能为人们提供良好的人居环境,而过度的房地产开发则会抑制人居环境质量的提升。基于房地产开发与人居环境耦合发展视角,建立了中国城市房地产开发与人居环境耦合度评价指标体系,运用耦合协调度模型和耦合发展度模型,对286个地级市单元的房地产开发进行空间格局分析。结果显示：① 中国地级单元城市房地产开发与人居环境整体协调度处于磨合阶段,虽未达到协调水平,但相互作用与影响力较强,其中协调度最高的为南京市;② 房地产开发与人居环境整体发展度处于较低水平,且空间分布非常不均衡,耦合发展度最高的为深圳市;③ 基于耦合协调度和发展度可将中国地级行政单元划分为9个类型,政府应根据不同类型采取差别化的房地产开发调控政策。 相似文献
16.
旅游资源开发潜力评价的多层次灰色方法——以老子山风景区为例 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6
旅游资源开发潜力评价,是对旅游资源是否具备发展旅游业的条件并进而获取经济、社会和环境效益的能力的衡量。其评价不仅着眼于旅游资源的本体价值,还关注对旅游资源开发不可或缺的环境条件和开发效益等。文章在旅游资源开发潜力评价方法上进行创新,将灰色理论和层次分析法相结合,以洪泽县老子山风景区为例,对其六个景区的旅游资源开发潜力进行了评价和排序。研究表明,旅游资源开发潜力的多层次灰色评价方法所需样本量小,灰色评价过程有助于解决层次分析法评价中出现的信息不完备和不确切问题,使评价结果更加客观可信。与传统的旅游资源评价方法相比,此方法能够有效解决旅游资源等级与开发潜力之间的错位问题,从而对旅游开发实践更具科学指导意义。 相似文献
17.
Sidnei Pires Rostirolla Paulo César Soares Hung Kiang Chang 《Natural Resources Research》1998,7(1):7-24
A methology to define favorable areas in petroleum and mineral exploration is applied, which consists in weighting the exploratory variables, in order to characterize their importance as exploration guides. The exploration data are spatially integrated in the selected area to establish the association between variables and deposits, and the relationships among distribution, topology, and indicator pattern of all variables. Two methods of statistical analysis were compared. The first one is the Weights of Evidence Modeling, a conditional probability approach (Agterberg, 1989a), and the second one is the Principal Components Analysis (Pan, 1993). In the conditional method, the favorability estimation is based on the probability of deposit and variable joint occurrence, with the weights being defined as natural logarithms of likelihood ratios. In the multivariate analysis, the cells which contain deposits are selected as control cells and the weights are determined by eigendecomposition, being represented by the coefficients of the eigenvector related to the system’s largest eigenvalue. The two techniques of weighting and complementary procedures were tested on two case studies: 1. Recôncavo Basin, Northeast Brazil (for Petroleum) and 2. Itaiacoca Formation of Ribeira Belt, Southeast Brazil (for Pb-Zn Mississippi Valley Type deposits). The applied methdology proved to be easy to use and of great assistance to predict the favorability in large areas, particularly in the initial phase of exploration programs. 相似文献
18.
四川盆地寒武系盐卤资源开发历史悠久,而固矿石盐层乃是20世纪80年代后期从油气探井中才发现的,它为我国卤化物矿物增添了一个新的成盐地质年代,与此同时也极大的改变了华南寒武系古地理面貌,为我国盐砂勘查及找钾预测提供了新的资料。然而至今四川盆地寒武纪盐类工作程度仍然有限,就现有少量资料对四川盆地寒武系成盐古地理背景、盐系沉积剖面特征、石盐矿物特征及盐卤水化学特征等方面作一概略简介和论述。 相似文献
19.
Urban stream channel hazards 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
In managing urban stream channels there are pressures to use soft engineering techniques to restore channels wherever possible, to undertake management within a drainage basin context, to produce sustainable solutions and to consider community views. However, specific methods for characterizing the channel network in terms of possible management options have not been developed explicitly for urban areas. A method of characterizing the entire drainage network of urban areas, based upon segmentation of the stream channel network according to the incidence of road crossings and stormwater outfalls, is proposed together with consideration of ways in which the segments can be characterized, including stream channel hazards as a means of providing one basis for urban channel management. 相似文献
20.
Smoking in New Zealand is more common in deprived areas and in areas with a significant Maori population. Despite its status as a major health problem there has been little work investigating this apparent geography of smoking Data from the 1996 Census is used to construct a multilevel ‘proportions‐as‐responses’ model of smoking prevalence. This enables an exploration of the geography of smoking at different spatial scales. Levels within the model distinguish contextual variation between local authorities, census area units and meshblocks. Particular account is taken of the influence of deprivation and ethnicity on smoking. Results confirm the importance of ethnicity and deprivation and indicate that cross‐level interaction between meshblock and census area unit measures is significant. They also challenge crude stereotypes about the apparent geography of smoking and suggest that, while levels of smoking may be high in parts of North Island, they are less high than might be expected given the socio‐demographic composition of the areas concerned. Conversely, smoking is more prevalent than expected in parts of South Island. The paper notes the health policy implications of these emergent geographies. 相似文献