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1.
河北开滦矿区煤洗选过程中 15种主要有害微量元素的迁移和分配特征 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3
以河北开滦矿区晚古生代煤及其洗选产品为例,运用电感耦合等离子体质谱 (ICP-MS)和冷原子吸收光谱 (CV-AAS)方法对煤中主要微量有害元素 (包括 Be、 Cr、 Co、 Ni、 Cu、 Zn、 Ga、 As、 Se、 Mo、 Tl、 Pb、 Th、 U和 Hg)的含量及其在洗选过程中的迁移和分配特征进行了研究.通过对开滦矿区 10个矿井 47个煤层刻槽样品主要有害微量元素含量的统计,发现开滦矿区晚古生代煤中 Cr、 Ni、 Cu、 Zn、 Pb和 As富集.通过对原煤精煤中煤尾煤煤泥两套系列样品的分析,发现主要有害微量元素在精煤中都有不同程度的脱除,中煤中相对富集的元素有 Se和 Th,明显被脱除的元素有 Co和 Tl.除 Tl以外,尾煤中主要微量有害元素均有不同程度的富集,以 As的富集率最高,可达 34.4%, Hg的富集率最低,为 1.1%.煤泥中所有微量有害元素均相对富集,以 Hg的相对富集率最高,达 78.4%.因此,如果对尾煤和煤泥加以利用,需要特别关注 As和 Hg等微量有害元素对环境的影响.主要微量有害元素在洗选过程中的分配行为主要受控于它在煤中的赋存状态. 相似文献
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潘集煤矿二叠纪主采煤层中微量元素亲和性研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
安徽淮南煤田位于华北地台南端 ,发育了华北地区二叠纪含煤岩系中层位最高的可采煤层。采用仪器中子活化分析法 (INAA)测试了淮南煤田潘集煤矿二叠纪主采煤层 13个样品的 36个微量元素的浓度分布 ,并对其共生组合特点、地球化学特征及稀土元素配比模式作了初步分析 ,结果表明 ,煤中不同微量元素显示出不同的亲和性质。元素Br,As ,Sb ,Ni和Co等趋于在煤中富集 ,其中Br的有机亲和性最大。元素Na ,K ,Rb ,Th ,Hf,Zr ,Ta和REE则在煤层与顶底板接触带的碳质泥岩中富集 ,表现出与细粒陆源碎屑物更强的亲和性。其它元素倾向性不甚明显 ,但Fe ,Ca ,Sr ,HREE等元素在海水影响强度增大的煤层中含量增加。元素As,Cs,Ni,Fe和Ca在煤层中含量变化较大 ,其变异系数大于 1,其它元素则相对稳定 ,表明同一矿区煤层中微量元素含量在不受其它地质作用明显叠加影响时具有一定的稳定性。本区煤层稀土元素配比模式与华北其它地区C—P纪煤基本类似 ,普遍存在Eu亏损现象。 ∑REE在煤中分布范围为30× 10 -6～ 95× 10 -6,在顶板泥岩中超过 2 0 0× 10 -6。煤层中部 ∑REE降低 ,HREE相对富集。聚类分析表明 ,元素As ,Se ,Ag和Fe关系密切 ,这与煤中黄铁矿等成岩矿物有直接关系 ,泥炭沼泽演化期间或之后海水的直接或间接影响会促使这 相似文献
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对吉林南部地区煤矿主采煤层中的As、B、Ba、Cd、Cu、Hg、Pb、Se、Sr等微量元素的分析结果表明，太原组与山西组由于成煤环境不同，微量元素组成及含量存在一定的差异：太原组原煤中As、B、Hg、Pb、Se、Zn的含量明显高于山西组，山西组原煤中Ba、Cr、Cu、Mn、V的含量明显高于太原组。吉南煤区原煤中As、B、Hg、Pb、Se明显高于地壳元素平均值，呈富集状态，Co、Cd与地壳平均值接近，其他元素均亏损。与全国煤中微量元素相比，该区原煤中As、Ba、Co、Cr、Cu、Hg、Ni、Pb、Se、V、Zn的含量高于全国平均值，B、Mn、Sr含量低于全国平均值。微量元素赋存状态及相关分析表明，Fe与亲硫有害元素As、Cu、Hg、Pb、Se具有显著相关关系，说明煤中黄铁矿及其他硫化物是许多有害微量元素的重要载体。 相似文献
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陕西渭北聚煤区原煤的微量元素组成特征 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
对陕西省渭北主要煤田主采煤层中的As、Pb、Hg、Cd、Se、Cu、Sr、Ba、B等微量元素的分析结果表明：渭北原煤中Hg、Se、As、Pb、B含量明显高于地壳平均值，呈富集状态；Co、Cd与地壳平均值接近，Cu、Zn、Sr、Ba等元素均亏损。太原组和山西组由于成煤环境不同，煤质和原煤的微量元素组成特征存在一定的差异。太原组煤的友分和硫分均较山西组煤高，原煤中As、Hg、Se、Pb、Zn、B的合量明显高于山西组原煤，而山西组原煤中V、Cr、Cu、Mn、Ba的含量别明显高于大原组原煤。统计分析表明，As、Hg、Se、Pb、Cu等亲硫元素与铁呈显著的正相关关系，它们的赋存形式可能与煤中黄铁矿有关。 相似文献
5.
安徽二叠纪龙潭组煤中潜在毒害元素分布的因子分析研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
运用因子分析法对安徽二叠纪龙潭组煤层中S、Fe、As、CA、Se、Hg、Ti和Zn等的分布规律进行了研究,研究了这些潜在毒害元素的相关关系,并结合元素地球化学知识给出了这些元素在煤中赋存状态的信息。结果表明:煤层中Pb以方铅矿形式存在于煤中;As、Hg、Sb主要赋存于次生黄铁矿中;Zn和Se主要赋存于闪锌矿中;从元素地球化学性质上讲,Cd应赋存于闪锌矿中,但由于其在煤中的含量较低,造成分析数据的误差较大,从而掩盖了它与Zn之间的相关关系;Ti的赋存状态较为复杂。 相似文献
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吉林白山地区原煤微量元素地球化学特征 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
对吉林白山地区煤矿主采煤层中的As、B、Ba、Cd、Cu、Hg、Pb、Se、Sr等微量元素进行了分析,结果表明:太原组与山西组由于成煤环境不同,微量元素组成及其质量分数存在一定的差异,太原组原煤中As、B、Hg、Pb、Se、Zn的质量分数明显高于山西组,山西组原煤中Ba、Cr、Cu、Mn、V的质量分数明显高于太原组。白山地区原煤中As、B、Hg、Pb、Se的质量分数明显高于地壳元素平均值,呈富集状态;Co、Cd与地壳平均值接近,其他元素均亏损。与全国煤中微量元素的质量分数平均值相比,As、Ba、Co、Cr、Cu、Hg、Ni、Pb、Se、V、Zn的质量分数高于全国平均值。B、Mn、Sr质量分数低于全国平均值。微量元素赋存状态及相关分析表明,Fe与亲硫有害元素As、Cu、Hg、Pb、Se具有显著相关关系,说明煤中黄铁矿及其他硫化物是许多有害微量元素的重要载体。 相似文献
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以淮南煤田深部A 组煤为研究对象,全层刻槽采集了煤、夹矸和顶底板岩石样品,采用电感耦合等离子质谱仪
（ICP-MS） 测试分析了样品中13 种有害微量元素的含量,对比研究了其分布特征,结合Tessier 五步形态提取法和相关性分
析探讨了煤中有害微量元素的赋存形态。结果表明：（1） 与中国上陆壳中各种微量元素含量均值相比,淮南深部A 组煤中
B,As,Se,Mo,Cd,Pb,Hg 的富集系数均大于1,在A 组煤中表现为富集;A 组煤中B,As,Se,Cd 的含量均高于淮南煤
田上部B 组煤、华北煤以及中国煤中的含量均值;（2） 相关性分析和逐级提取实验结果表明,A 组煤中微量元素主要以残
渣态和铁锰氧化物结合态存在,两者质量分数之和达到55%~98%,其中Ni,Mo,Cd,Hg,Cu,Pb 和Zn 主要赋存于硫化物
矿物中,Mn 主要赋存于碳酸盐矿物中,V,Cr,Se,B 和As 主要赋存于硅铝酸盐等黏土矿物中。（3） B 元素示踪物源及沉
积环境结果显示,淮南煤田深部A 组煤成煤环境为海相咸水沉积环境,稳定的咸水沉积环境以及受海水影响等因素导致A
组煤中微量元素出现不同程度的富集。 相似文献
10.
为研究准格尔串草圪旦5号煤微量元素地球化学特征,采用光学显微镜、扫面电子显微镜和X射线衍射（XRD）方法观测煤中矿物组成及形态特征,应用电感耦合等离子质谱（ICP MS）方法测定煤中多种微量元素含量,运用数理统计方法研究微量元素在煤中的赋存特征。结果表明：5号煤中Li、Be、F、U、Hg 5种元素相对富集,含量高于研究区6号煤及中国煤中含量水平。5号煤中Li、F、Ga、Se无机亲和性强,Be、As、U为亲有机元素;Hg与硫含量显著正相关。各元素在煤中主要以有机结合态、无机结合态和硫化物结合态赋存。 相似文献
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The distribution of trace elements in the lower Eocene coal seam mined in the Yeniceltek, Kucukkohne and Ayridam coal mines from the Sorgun Basin was investigated in relation to ash content and maceral composition. The coal seam is mainly composed of huminite. In the present study, 35 samples from five seam sections were collected on the basis of megascopic characteristics. Results were determined using an energy dispersive polarised X-ray fluorescence (EDP-XRF) spectrometer on a whole-coal dry basis. Most of the major and trace elements studied are enriched in high-ash samples, while Ba, Br, Mn and W show relative enrichments in low-ash samples. Most of elements studied, such as Ga, Ce, La, Th, Nb, Rb, Zr, V, Cu, U, Pb, Sb, Cs, Sn, Cr, Se, Y and Zn, are primarily associated with mineral matter (clay minerals). Arsenic and a part of Zn, Se and Sb are probably concentrated in pyrites in the samples. Element concentrations show statistically significant negative correlations with many macerals and positive relationships with only attrinite that is mainly mixed with mineral matter (clay minerals and small quartz grains) in the samples. Nine trace elements (As, Cr, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sb, Se, Th and U), considered as potentially Hazardous Air Pollutants, are present in low to moderate concentrations. The mean values of trace element concentrations display relative enrichments in Se (2.8 ppm), Th (21 ppm) and W (26 ppm) in the investigated samples in comparison with other coals in the world. 相似文献
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Geochemistry and Modes of Occurrence of Hazardous Trace Elements in the No. 11 Coal Seam, Antaibao Surface Mine, Shanxi Province 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
SONG Dangyu QIN Yong WANG Wenfeng ZHANG Junying ZHENG Chuguang 《《地质学报》英文版》2007,81(1):135-140
Concentrations of seventeen hazardous trace elements including As, Pb, Hg, Se, Cd, Cr, Co, Mo, Mn, Ni, U, V, Th, Be, Sb, Br and Zn in the No.ll coal seam, Antaibao surface mine, Shanxi Province were determined using Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis （INAA）, Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry （ICP-AES）, Cold-Vapor Atomic Absorption Spectrometry （CV-AAS） and Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry （GF-AAS）. Comparisons with average concentrations of trace elements in Chinese coal show that the concentrations of Hg and Cd in the No. 11 coal seam, Antaibao surface mine are much higher. They may be harmful to the environment in the process of utilization. The variations of the trace elements contents and pyritic suffur in vertical section indicated that： （a） the concentrations of As, Pb, Mn, and pyritic sulfur decrease from roof to floor; （b） the concentrations of Cr, Zn and Mo are higher in roof, floor and lower in coal seam; （c） the concentration of Br, Sb, and Hg are higher in coal seam and lower in roof and floor; （d） the concentrations of Mo, V, Th and AI vary consistently with the ash yield. Cluster analysis of trace elements, pyritic sulfur, ash yield and major elements, such as AI, Fe, P, Ca shows that： （a） pyritic sulfur, Fe, As, Mn, Ni, Be are closely associated and reflect the influence of pyrite; （b） Mo, Se, Pb, Cr, Th, Co, Ca and A! are related to clay mineral, which is the main source of ash; （c） U, Zn, V, Na, P maybe controlled by phosphate or halite; （d） Hg, Br, Sb and Cd may be mainly organic-associated elements which fall outside the three main groups. The concentration distribution characteristics of trace elements in coal seam and the cluster analysis of major and trace elements showed that the contents of trace elements in the No. 11 coal seam, Antaibao surface mine, are mainly controlled by detrital input and migration from roof and floor. 相似文献
13.
The ash yield and concentrations of twenty-four minor and trace elements, including twelve potentially hazardous trace elements were determined in Mukah coal from Sarawak, Malaysia. Comparisons made to the Clarke values show that Mukah coal is depleted in Ag, Ba, Be, Cd, Co, Mn, Ni, Se, U, and V. On the other hand, it is enriched in As, Cr, Cu, Pb, Sb, Th, and Zn. Among the trace elements studied, V and Ba are associated predominantly with the clay minerals. Manganese, Cr, Cu, Th, and Ni are mostly bound within the aluminosilicate, sulphide and/or carbonate minerals in varying proportions, though a portion of these elements are also organically bound. Arsenic, Pb and Sb are mostly organically bound, though some of these elements are also associated with the sulphide minerals. Zinc is associated with both the organic and inorganic contents of the coal. Among the potentially hazardous trace elements, Be, Cd, Co, Mn, Ni, Se, and U may be of little or no health and environmental concerns, whereas As, Cr, Pb, Sb and Th require further examination for their potential health and environmental concerns. Of particular concern are the elements As, Pb and Sb, which are mostly organically bound and hence cannot be removed by physical cleaning technologies. They escape during coal combustion, either released as vapours to the atmosphere or are adsorbed onto the fine fly ash particles. 相似文献
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煤矸石是我国堆存量最大的工业固体废物,本文应用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法、逐级化学提取法和相关性分析研究了淮北临涣矿区低硫煤矸石中10种微量元素的含量及赋存状态,并运用风险评价指数法评价其环境效应。结果表明,低硫煤矸石中Ba、Co、Cr、Mn、Ni、Pb、V含量均高于淮北煤和中国煤均值,Mn、V的富集系数大于1,有一定迁移风险。微量元素主要以残渣态和铁锰氧化物结合态存在,两者质量分数之和为68.87%~92.93%,其中Cd、Co、Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb、Zn赋存于硫化物矿物中,V赋存于黏土矿物中,Mn赋存于碳酸盐矿物和硫化物矿物中。10种微量元素对环境的危害性大小为:MnZnNiPbCdCuBaVCrCo,表明低硫煤矸石堆存过程中活性态Mn对生态环境造成危害的可能性最大,由Mn可能引起的煤矸石山周边地区土壤及水体污染应当重视。 相似文献
16.
Jian Chen Guijian Liu Mengmeng JiangChen-Lin Chou Hui LiBin Wu Liugen ZhengDongdong Jiang 《International Journal of Coal Geology》2011,88(1):41-54
To study the geochemical characteristics of 11 environmentally sensitive trace elements in the coals of the Permian Period from the Huainan coalfield, Anhui province, China, borehole samples of 336 coals, two partings, and four roof and floor mudstones were collected from mineable coal seams. Major elements and selected trace elements were determined by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), and hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry (HAAS). The depositional environment, abundances, distribution, and modes of occurrence of trace elements were investigated. Results show that clay and carbonate minerals are the principal inorganic constituents in the coals. A lower deltaic plain, where fluvial channel systems developed successively, was the likely depositional environment of the Permian coals in the Huainan coalfield. All major elements have wider variation ranges than those of Chinese coals except for Mg and Fe. The contents of Cr, Co, Ni, and Se are higher than their averages for Chinese coals and world coals. Vertical variations of trace elements in different formations are not significant except for B and Ba. Certain roof and partings are distinctly higher in trace elements than underlying coal bench samples. The modes of occurrence of trace elements vary in different coal seams as a result of different coal-forming environments. Vanadium, Cr, and Th are associated with aluminosilicate minerals, Ba with carbonate minerals, and Cu, Zn, As, Se, and Pb mainly with sulfide minerals. 相似文献
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《International Journal of Coal Geology》2007,69(3):179-191
The concentration, distribution and modes of occurrence of trace elements in thirty coals, four floors and two roofs from Northern China were studied. The samples were collected from the major coalfields of Shanxi Province, Shaanxi Province, Inner Mongolian Autonomous Region, and Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. The concentrations of seventeen potential hazardous trace elements, including Hg, As, Se, Pb, Cd, Br, Ni, Cr, Co, Mo, Mn, Be, Sb, Th, V, U, Zn, and five major elements P, Na, Fe, Al, and Ca in coals were determined.Compared with average concentration of trace elements in Chinese coal, the coals from Northern China contain a higher concentration of Hg, Se, Cd, Mn, and Zn. They may be harmful to the environment in the process of combustion and utilization. Vertical variations of trace elements in three coal seams indicated the distributions of most elements in coal seam are heterogeneous. Based on statistical analyses, trace elements including Mo, Cr, Se, Th, Pb, Sb, V, Be and major elements including Al, P shows an affinity to ash content. In contrast, Br is generally associated with organic matter. Elements As, Ni, Be, Mo, and Fe appear to be associated with pyrite. The concentrations of trace elements weakly correlate either to coal rank or to maceral compositions. 相似文献
18.
淮南矿区煤中12种微量元素的赋存状态及环境效应 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为研究淮南矿区煤中微量元素的赋存状态和环境效应,在淮南矿区7个矿井共采集17个样品,采用电感耦合等离子质谱仪（ICP-MS）测定了12种微量元素的含量,分别利用聚类分析和因子分析,结合其地球化学性质,讨论了它们的赋存状态,并采用静态燃烧实验研究其挥发性。结果表明:研究的元素没有异常富集;Zn和Cu赋存于闪锌矿中,Cr、Pb和Cd被粘土矿物吸附,Ba可能赋存于铁白云石和方解石中,Ni、Mo、Co和As主要赋存于黄铁矿中,Be和Se以有机结合态存在;研究的元素大多不易挥发,但Zn和Pb易挥发,且含量较高,环境危害较大,Zn和Pb分别赋存于闪锌矿和粘土矿物中,可通过洗选脱除减小其危害。 相似文献