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1.
J. ANDERSON T.N. VAN DER WALT F.W.E. STRELOW 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》1985,9(1):17-18
Results are presented for the determination of trace amounts of gallium in two South African primary rock standards (MIMROCS) and in four secondary rock standards (SAROCS). Gallium is separated from all other elements, except traces of thorium, using a selective ion exchange separation procedure (1) and determined by electro-thermal atomic absorption spectrophotometry. 相似文献
2.
鄂尔多斯盆地东缘临兴地区太原组下段煤系泥页岩中镓富集,镓含量平均为24.7 μg/g。泥页岩中镓含量在平面上表现为研究区北部、西南部靠近紫金山岩体,镓含量降低。研究区太原组下段煤系泥页岩中镓主要以类质同象取代铝的形式赋存于高岭石中,碎屑中的碱性长石是镓的另一种重要赋存矿物。通过元素地球化学分析,认为阴山造山带花岗岩系是富镓泥页岩的主要物源。加里东期华北克拉通长期缓慢稳定隆升,为源岩风化形成富镓物源提供了有利的构造环境。风化和沉积条件是泥页岩中镓富集的控制性因素,包括温暖湿润、间歇性干热的气候,淡水为主、缺氧还原的沉积环境。成岩期,煤系有机质热演化释放出大量有机酸,溶蚀碱性长石碎屑并将其中的镓释放,致使镓元素进一步富集。由于煤系中煤层—泥页岩—砂岩组合体系的开放性较差,镓在成岩期的富集不能持续进行。研究区泥页岩中镓的富集过程以陆源富集型为主。成岩改造作用在一定程度上促进镓元素进一步富集。岩体侵位导致了低熔点的镓在温度作用下发生迁移,导致靠近紫金山岩体的镓含量降低。 相似文献
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USCS reference sample marine mud MAG-1 has been analyzed for 12 trace elements by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry (11 elements) and graphite furnace (Cd). Individual and mean values are given and compared to published data. Precision as % coefficient of variation is given and the relative accuracy of the method assessed in relation to established rock standards. 相似文献
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针对广西晚二叠世聚煤盆地中锂、镓元素地球化学异常问题,选取扶绥和贤按两个典型晚二叠世煤田,通过系统取样测试,研究煤系中锂、镓丰度,并结合成矿地质背景,分析煤中锂、镓的富集控制因素。结果表明:研究区锂和镓均有一定的工业前景,扶绥煤田锂和镓的平均丰度分别为83.5 μg/g和30.8 μg/g;贤按煤田锂、镓丰度分别为199.1 μg/g和33.4 μg/g。锂主要富集于合山组底部K1煤层、炭质泥岩及铝土岩段,而镓在合山组底部各岩性中的丰度并无明显差异。云开古陆及周边中酸性火山岩是锂、镓物质的基础来源,合山组底部高铝沉积岩系可能是合山组K1煤层中锂、镓的直接物源。镓元素在各岩体之间的迁移比较活跃,其物源区的含量水平起主导作用,而锂元素的富集除了受控于物源外,沉积环境及后期地质作用的影响更为明显。研究成果为广西煤系中锂、镓资源的勘查预测及其综合利用提供科学依据。 相似文献
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通过对重庆银矿垭口铝土矿床的研究,发现该矿床中镓含量普遍超过了工业综合利用的最低指标,在含矿岩系中均有分布,且镓和Al2O3呈弱的正相关关系。通过Sr与Ba比值推断,矿床以陆相沉积为主,沉积过程中有海水的介入;样品Rb/K值小于标准海洋沉积值（0.006）,属半咸水海陆过渡带沉积~淡水沉积;U/Th比值和V/Cr比值分别在0.1~0.73和0.5~2.04之间,由此可以判别含矿岩系属于典型氧化环境;对Ni/Co比值的计算发现含矿岩系可能在沉积过程中受到了海水的改造;Ga/Al比值变化范围主要在0.53～1.74,成矿介质酸碱度的变化幅度较小;从含矿岩系矿物组合中含黄铁矿、高岭石等矿物可以推断介质为酸性的可能性较大。稀土元素球粒陨石标准化分布模式表明,轻稀土富集,重稀土亏损,据样品统计,δCe<0.95为负异常的4个样品分布在探槽工程底部,0.95<δCe<1.05为正常的样品个数为3,其余19个为正异常,Eu显示为负异常;总体水介质应以淡水为主、基本处于氧化环境、弱酸性介质。因此该矿床是以陆相沉积、淡水作用为主的海陆交互环境。 相似文献
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通过对贵州务川大竹园铝土矿床的研究,发现矿床中伴生镓的含量普遍超过了工业综合利用的最低指标。Ga在含铝岩系中均有不同程度的分布,Ga与TiO2、Cr、Zr、Sn呈中等正相关关系,说明Ga可能赋存于含TiO2、Cr、Zr、Sn的矿物中; Ga与Al2O3呈弱正相关关系,说明Ga可能以类质同象的形式存在于Al的化合物中。Sr/Ba=1.09~19.69>1,表明铝土矿形成于海相沉积环境; Th/U=1.72~12.31,表明铝土矿可能风化作用不彻底; Ga/Al=0.45~1.84,表明成矿介质酸碱度的变化幅度较小。从含矿岩系矿物组合中含黄铁矿、高岭石等矿物可以推断介质为酸性的可能性较大; 稀土元素(rare earth element, REE)球粒陨石标准化分布曲线向右倾斜,轻稀土元素(LREE)富集,重稀土元素(HREE)亏损,δCe显示为弱正异常,Ce/Ce*=1.17~10.17>1,表明铝土矿形成于富氧的沉积环境,δEu显示为负异常,进一步表明成矿是以氧化环境为主。综合分析认为大竹园铝土矿床形成于以海相沉积作用为主的富氧的沉积环境。 相似文献
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Results are presented for the determination of trace quantities of cobalt in three South African primary rock standards and in four secondary rock standards. Cohalt is separated from all other elements using a selective ion exchange separation procedure and determined by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrophotometry. 相似文献
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目前研究萃取分离富集镓大多偏向在强酸性体系中,一定程度上给操作带来安全风险,另需耐酸器皿设备,易污染,空白背景值高。本文开发了一种在弱酸性条件下萃取分离富集痕量镓的方法。以大孔吸附树脂为载体,十六烷基三甲基溴化铵调节其表面极性,热固化负载2-乙基己基磷酸(2-乙基己基)酯,制备了镓的萃取树脂。动态考察了固相萃取镓的吸附容量,优化选择固相萃取分离富集条件,实验表明萃取条件温和,分离富集痕量镓效果理想。当溶液酸度为pH 2.5时,Ga(Ⅲ)达到最大的回收率99%,并确定了掺氧空气乙炔火焰原子吸收光谱法(FAAS)测定镓的最佳参数,提升了常规空气乙炔FAAS测定镓的灵敏度。方法检出限(3σ)为2.6ng/mL,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=7)为2.87%,加标回收率在95.7%～102.0%之间,理论富集倍数为40。本方法已应用于自来水、中药材和水培蔬菜样品中痕量镓的测定,简便、快速、可靠。 相似文献
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Joyce K. FROST 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》1991,15(1):43-50
Data for as many as 31 elements were determined by instrumental thermal neutron activation analysis for nine European Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (CMEA) rock and ore standards. The National Bureau of Standards plastic clay 98 and the University of Gent fired clay FCG were also analyzed. Synthetic, multielement standards were used and USGS rock standards provided reference samples. Correction factors for uranium fission products on cerium and molybdenum, and also for less commonly encountered spectral interferences, such as those due to the 213 ppm tantalum in granitoid 2B, were evaluated. 相似文献
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《地学前缘(英文版)》2023,14(4):101538
Gallium (Ga) is a critical mineral that plays an irreplaceable role in consumer electronics, clean energy technologies and the aerospace industry. Nowadays competition for gallium resources at the national strategic level has begun to emerge, but gallium resources are unevenly distributed globally, and their presence is not guaranteed. New discoveries revealed an average gallium concentration of thirty-one samples from M1, M2, M3 and M4 stone coal-bearing seams of the Cambrian strata on South Qinling Orogenic Belt in central China is 157 mg/kg (9.98–747 mg/kg), which is 27.6-fold higher than the global hard coal average, as well as the existing association of Mo–V–U–Cd–Zn–Ba–Se–Mg–Ni–Cu enrichment. Ga average of these coal seams are 344 mg/kg (M3, 44.5–747 mg/kg, n = 11), 270 mg/kg (M4, 14.3–270 mg/kg, n = 5), 53.8 mg/kg (M2, 22.6–75.4 mg/kg, n = 8) and 19.8 mg/kg (M1, 9.98–34.9 mg/kg, n = 7) respectively, as well as the thickness of approximately 6, 12, 8, and 20 m, which be close to or exceed to the boundary grade standard (30 mg/kg) and minimum recoverable thickness (0.7 m) of gallium resources exploration. These findings indicate that the Cambrian stone coal deposits, especially in the middle and late Cambrian period, should be considered as promising alternative sources of gallium. The anomalous gallium-enriched sediments originated from a complex combination of hydrothermal fluids, original biomass and terrigenous materials. For the M1 stone coal-bearing seams, gallium most likely occurred in the mode of GaAs, GaxIn1-xAs and GaO(OH), while modes of gallium in the M2 to M4 seams is interrelated with the organic affinity and clay minerals. The crude reserve estimate of gallium resources in central China is approximately 10.06 × 104 tons, corresponding to a super-large coal-hosted gallium ore deposit. The unique paleogeographic location and geological structure in central China resulted that this newly discovered deposit is a unique type of gallium-enriched deposit that has been discovered worldwide. These discoveries will provide the critical parameters when developing distinctive beneficiation processes and appropriate extraction procedures, as well as guidance and effective for future prospecting regions of gallium resources around the globe, involving a combination consider the distribution of regional deep–large fault zones and the middle to late Cambrian black rock series deposits. 相似文献
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The errors in the chemical analyses of a granodiorite rock powder for 6 constituents (K 2O, Na2O, CaO,∑Fe2O3, MgO, and MnO) have been determined by replicate analyses of the whole rock and of a series of different sieved fractions. Sample inhomogeneity is indicated. This is confirmed by analyses of the fused rock powder. Fusion to a glass is therefore recommended for the preparation of geochemical rock standards. 相似文献
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Vogler Daniel Walsh Stuart D. C. von Rohr Philipp Rudolf Saar Martin O. 《Acta Geotechnica》2020,15(8):2327-2340
Acta Geotechnica - Thermal spallation drilling is a contact-less means of borehole excavation that works by exposing a rock surface to a high-temperature jet flame. In this study, we investigate... 相似文献
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随着大型煤系稀有金属矿产的发现,煤中伴生微量元素的研究受到广泛关注,但目前对我国西北地区的煤系地层中稀有元素的研究程度较低。选取新疆东北部的准东煤田为研究区,基于煤样的煤质分析和微量元素数据,研究了煤中镓的分布规律、赋存特征及富集成因。研究表明：(1)准东煤田的中侏罗统煤层中镓明显富集。12个矿区煤中镓平均含量在20.78~47.98 μg/g,大多高于或接近煤中镓的边界品位(30 μg/g)。(2)煤田中镓的分布规律性明显。平面上,盆地周围煤中Ga含量较中部矿区高,特别是东北部和西南部由于分别受克拉美丽山和博格达山物源区的影响,煤中Ga含量异常高,部分区域超过了60 μg/g,而中部矿区(ZD10740、ZD10464、ZD10407和ZD10841)的煤中Ga含量表现为从矿区边缘向中心逐渐富集;垂向上,大部分矿区煤中Ga含量从中侏罗统底部向上降低,而受到早燕山运动影响,靠近博格达山的矿区(ZD10740)表现相反。(3)煤中Ga主要以高岭石为载体,部分Ga也存在煤的有机质组分中。镓主要以细粒物质(胶体或有机络合物形式)搬运到沉积盆地,在潮湿覆水沉积条件下发生聚积。 相似文献
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Most trace elements in ultrabasic rock samples are very often present in concentration levels of less than 10 ppm. In these cases, neutron activation analysis (NAA) is very useful. We have applied two different NAA procedures for the determination of 19 trace elements and CaO in two ultrabasic rock standards. Our values are compared with the preferred and published values, although the latter are not very abundant. 相似文献
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同一岩石试样的Lu-Hf和Sm-Nd快速分离及国家岩石标准物质的Hf-Nd同位素比值精确测定 总被引：1，自引：2，他引：1
本文报道基于Li_2B_4O_7熔融样品、采用AG50W-X8和HDEHP组合或RE和HDEHP组合色谱交换柱,对同一岩石试样快速分离Sm-Nd-Lu-Hf的方法。用这两种方法对国际岩石标准BHVO-2、GSP-2和JB-1进行了Lu-Hf、Sm-Nd分离和~(143) Nd/~(144)Nd、~(176)Hf/~(177)Hf测定,并测定了BHVO-2、JB-1和JB-3的Lu/Hf和Sm/Nd比值,获得的结果在误差范围内与这些样品的参考值一致。同时,我们对国家岩石标准物质GBW07109、GBW07110和GBW07113进行了多次平行分析,首次获得了这些岩石标准的Nd-Hf同位素结果。 相似文献
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Spectrographic determinations for twenty trace elements in the six new U.S.G.S. silicate rock standards along with the rock standards G-1, W-1, SR-1, GR and BR are given. Most of the results represent the average of triplicate determinations on each of five splits of the portions of the standards available to the authors. Thus, the preferred values represent, in most cases, the average of fifteen replicate determinations. 相似文献
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在莫斯科国立地质勘探大学实验室对热力剥离碎岩方法进行的试验研究表明,不同类型岩石(岩浆岩、沉积岩、变质岩)的抗拉强度均随加热温度的升高而降低,且降低幅度较大,因此钻进速度明显提高.岩石破碎的形式与温度有关,当温度为500～600 K时破碎是在组成岩石的矿物颗粒(晶粒)内部进行的;当温度超过600 K时,破碎是在矿物颗粒间进行的.技术比较先进并有发展前景的加热升温方法是火焰喷射法、电子束法、等离子法和激光法.影响热力钻进发展的主要问题是没有合适的加热升温装置和碎岩工具,建议对此进行研究和开发. 相似文献
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Silver content of silicate rook samples rarely exceeds 200 ppb. For determining such low levels of silver, a solid sampling flame atomic absorption method has been developed and has been applied to the analysis of several silicate rock reference samples. These results are compared with the sparse published data. Using silver as an example, the usefulness of solid sampling procedures for testing the repartition of volatile trace elements during the processing of new rock reference samples is illustrated. 相似文献