共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 203 毫秒
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基于条件模拟的DEM误差曲面实现研究 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
为了克服DEM全局误差指标描述DEM精度的缺陷,基于条件模拟(CS)实现了DEM误差曲面的构建。构建了甘肃省董志塬某测区DEM误差曲面,并与普通Kriging(OK)插值结果进行了比较。结果表明,OK具有明显的平滑效应,而CS能准确反映DEM误差的空间波动性。DEM误差对坡度精度的影响分析表明,相比地形复杂的区域,DEM误差严重影响平坦区域的坡度精度;对测区水土流失等级划分结果的分析表明,约有70.2%的网格点的等级划分受DEM误差的影响。 相似文献
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《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2016,(6)
为了抑制采样点中粗差对数字高程模型(digital elevation model,DEM)建模的影响,以较高精度的多面函数(multi-quadric,MQ)为基函数,由改进Huber损失函数和权重惩罚项组成目标函数,发展了MQ抗差插值算法(MQ-H)。通过优化MQ-H目标函数,采样点权重计算最终转换为方程组求解。以数学曲面为研究对象,将MQ-H计算结果与传统MQ及最小绝对偏差MQ(MQ-L)进行比较,结果表明:当采样误差服从正态分布时,MQ-H计算精度与传统MQ相当,而远高于MQ-L;当采样误差服从拉普拉斯分布时,MQ-H计算精度略高于MQ-L及传统MQ;当采样点被粗差污染时,MQ-H计算精度远高于传统MQ及MQ-L。在实例分析中,以无人遥测飞艇立体像对获取的地面离散高程点为基础数据,基于MQ-H构建测区DEM,并将计算结果与传统插值算法,如反距离加权(inverse distance weighting,IDW)、普通克里金(ordinary Kriging,OK)和专业DEM插值软件ANUDEM(Australian National University DEM)进行比较,结果表明,传统插值方法在不同程度上受采样点中异常值或偶然误差影响,而MQ-H受异常值影响较小,且能准确捕捉到地形细节信息。 相似文献
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DEM坡度计算的适宜窗口分析 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
局部分析窗口大小是DEM坡度计算的关键因素之一.首先建立不同分析窗口下的坡度精度模型,讨论拟合曲面和DEM地形曲面匹配程度的分析方法,然后以分布在不同地貌类型和地形特征部位的样点为研究对象,分析不同窗口大小对坡度计算的影响规律;通过X2检验法,研究不同分析窗口下拟合曲面和DEM曲面的匹配程度,最后综合考虑两个方面的影响,探讨基于DEM坡度计算的适宜窗口.研究主要结论为:①坡度计算精度随着分析窗口的增大而提高;②随着分析窗口的增大,拟合曲面与DEM地形曲面之间匹配性逐步减弱;③坡度计算的精度应该在拟合曲面和DEM地形曲面相匹配的前提下,通过适当扩大局部窗口来获得,推荐5×5局部分析窗口为DEM坡度计算的适宜窗口;④DEM地形参数计算中,不应过分的追求计算精度而忽视形态的相似性,否则尽管地形参数的精度很高,但只具备数学意义而没有地形意义. 相似文献
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为了降低采样点水平和高程误差对数字高程模型（digital elevation model,DEM）建模精度的影响,受总体最小二乘算法启发,以较高精度的多面函数（multiquadric function,MQ）为基函数,发展了整体最小二乘MQ算法（MQ-T）,并分别借助数值实验和实例分析验证模型计算精度。数值实验中,以高斯合成曲面为研究对象,设计了受不同误差分量影响的采样数据,借助MQ-T曲面建模,并将计算结果与传统MQ进行比较。结果表明,当采样点仅受高程误差分量影响时,MQ-T计算结果精度与MQ相当;当采样数据受水平误差分量影响时,MQ-T计算结果中误差小于MQ中误差。实例分析中,以全站仪获取的采样数据为研究对象,借助MQ-T构建测区DEM,并将计算结果与传统插值算法进行比较,如反距离加权（inverse distance weighted,IDW）法、克里金（Kriging）法和澳大利亚国立大学DEM专用插值软件（（Australian National University DEM,ANUDEM）法。精度分析表明,随着采样点密度降低,各种插值算法精度逐步降低;不管采样密度多少,MQ-T计算精度始终高于传统插值算法;对山体阴影图分析表明,MQ-T相比Kriging法有一定峰值削平现象。 相似文献
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基于Coons曲面的规则格网DEM表面模型 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
内插是数字高程模型的核心问题。目前的内插模型主要是由离散的格网数据构建的连续曲面,直接以点推面,可能存在较大的地形误差。本文建立的Coons曲面DEM表面模型,首先利用离散的格网数据构造与格网边界相对应的地形剖面曲线的拟合曲线,再基于拟合曲线构建DEM表面模型。实验表明：Coons曲面DEM表面模型是一种高精度的DEM表面模型,其地形模拟误差比直接基于格网数据建立的双线性内插、样条函数内插和移动曲面拟合法的误差都小,实际地形模拟误差与双线性模型相比减少15％-28％,且精度随着构建边界拟合曲线所用格网点的增多而逐渐提高。 相似文献
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基于高精度曲面模型的DEM构建与误差分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
引入地形表达误差(terrain representation error,Etr),选择标准曲面和甘肃省董志塬地区作为研究对象,利用窗口分析法实现Etr的提取;用统计分析法得出Etr随网格分辨率变化的回归方程;根据误差传播定律计算DEM中误差。数值结果表明,该方法能更准确的计算HASM生成的DEM精度;相同的采样数下,HASM较传统方法(IDW,Spline和Kriging)能生成更高精度和分辨率的DEM。在难以获取已知数据的地区,HASM提供了生成相对准确DEM的高效工具。 相似文献
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SRTM(1″)DEM在流域水文分析中的适用性研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《国土资源遥感》2017,(2)
高精度的数字高程模型(digital elevation model,DEM)数据是流域水文分析应用的基础。美国地质调查局新发布了全球高分辨率数字高程数据产品,其空间分辨率为1″(约为30 m)。为评价该数据在流域水文分析中的适用性,以鹤壁汤河流域为实验区,以机载LiDAR DEM数据为参考,统计了SRTM(1″)数据的高程误差,分析了坡度、坡向、地表覆盖等对误差的影响;在基于地形的水文分析中,统计分析了SRTM(1″)数据误差对地形湿度指数、坡度坡长因子以及汇流动力指数等地形指数计算的影响;最后选取流域汇水区面积、最长水流路径长度、形状系数、弯曲度系数等流域特征参数对两种DEM数据提取结果进行了对比。研究表明SRTM(1″)DEM数据具有较高的精度,原始数据均方根误差为5.98 m,在消除平面位移误差后减小为4.32 m。基于地形的水文分析表明SRTM DEM与LiDAR DEM计算结果具有一定的差异,地形湿度指数平均值略高,坡度坡长因子和汇流动力指数平均值偏低,离散度偏小,这与SRTM DEM在微地貌以及高坡度地形区存在失真相关。两种DEM数据提取流域特征参数差异较小。上述研究表明SRTM DEM(1″)数据在流域水文分析中具有较大的应用潜力。 相似文献
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在调兵山地区,选择61个已知点作为起算数据,采用移动三角面法和双二次多项式曲面内插法建立该地区的DEM模型。经实验分析发现,移动三角面法建立的DEM内插中误差值要高于双二次多项式曲面内插中误差值,尤其在地势变化比较大的区城内插精度比较高,适合地形起伏变化较大区域的高程内插。双二次多项式曲面法建立的DEM在地势变化比较平缓的地区内插精度要高于移动三角面法,适合地形起伏较小地区的高程内插。 相似文献
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小波派生多尺度DEM的精度分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用陕北5 m分辨率DEM数据为基本数据,对Haar小波派生出一系列更低分辨率DEM进行复合精度分析。通过等高线套合、数据中误差以及表面重合指数等方法,分析其高程采样误差与空间分布;通过分析对比其在所提取的地面坡度、沟谷网络等地形因子上的差异,分析其地形描述误差。研究结果显示:小波派生多尺度DEM在精度的颓减上呈现指数形的变异规律,当达到三级重构DEM(40 m分辨率)时,其精度仍优于1:5万(25 m分辨率)DEM。该结果对于实现地形的有效简化与掌握多尺度DEM不确定性规律具有一定的意义。 相似文献
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针对DEM高程中误差评价指标的不足,提出了一种基于填挖方分析的DEM精度评价模型以及计算方法,将DEM填挖方误差Ec定义为待评价DEM与参考DEM在同一区域的三维体积差异和与该区域面积之商。探究了DEM填挖方误差和DEM分辨率R以及地形平均坡度S之间的关系,得到DEM填挖方误差的定量估算模型为Ec=0.004 8·R·S。实验表明,模型估算精度达95.85%以上。该模型为在不同地形条件下,确定满足限差要求的DEM分辨率提供了依据。 相似文献
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This paper reports an investigation into the generalization of a grid-based digital elevation model (DEM) for the purpose of terrain analysis. The focus is on the method of restructuring the grid-based surface elevation data to form a triangulated irregular network (TIN) that is optimized to keep the important terrain features and slope morphology with the minimum number of sample points. The critical points of the terrain surface are extracted from the DEM based on their significance, measured not only by their local relief, but also by their importance in identifying inherent geomorphological and drainage features in the DEM. A compound method is proposed by integrating the traditional point-additive and feature-point methods to construct a drainage-constrained TIN. The outcome is then compared with those derived from other selected methods including filtering, point-additive or feature-point algorithms. The results show that the compound approach is capable of taking advantage of both point-additive and feature-point algorithms to maximally keep the terrain features and to maintain RMSE at an acceptable level, while reducing the elevation data points by over 99%. The analytical result also shows that the proposed method outperforms the compared methods with better control in retaining drainage features at the same level of RMSE. 相似文献
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顾及非线性地形因子的地表面积计算 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
研究地表面积统计数学模型及其影响因素,消除不同分辨率DEM计算所得地表面积的差异,对综合利用多尺度DEM数据精确统计和监测地表面积具有重要意义。本文研究提出了一种顾及复杂地形因子的地表面积统计方法。该方法首先利用泰勒级数逼近原理对微观地形因子进行最小二乘估计,然后利用这些地形因子对DEM和多边形区域边界进行加密,最后利用加密后的DEM和多边形边界构建地表三角网统计地表面积。试验表明,在局部地形因子显著的山区或丘陵地区,使用不同分辨率DEM所统计的地表面积存在较大的差异,而顾及地形因子的地表面积统计方法可明显提高低分辨率DEM地表面积统计精度。 相似文献
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Evaluation of Lidar and Medium Scale Photogrammetry for Detecting Soft-Cliff Coastal Change 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Lidar and photogrammetry have both been evaluated for detecting shortterm coastal change using the Black Ven mudslide, Dorset as a case study. A lidar-generated digital elevation model (DEM) was obtained and initially compared with a DEM generated using available 1:7500 scale aerial photography and automated digital photogrammetry. The quality of these two data sets was assessed using a third DEM, derived using a total station and conventional ground survey methods. The vertical accuracies (rms error) of the lidar and photogrammetry were 0.26m and 0.43m respectively, although both data sets displayed a tendency to generate heights slightly lower than the elevation of the terrain surface. The quality of the two data sets was then assessed with respect to local slope angle. The accuracy of photogrammetrically derived elevations varied with slope and more so than in the case of lidar
From these basic tests, lidar has proved to be more accurate than photogrammetry for soft-cliff. monitoring. Further research is required to establish whether this trend is applicable to other data sets and specifically for photogrammetric data acquired using larger scale imagery 相似文献
From these basic tests, lidar has proved to be more accurate than photogrammetry for soft-cliff. monitoring. Further research is required to establish whether this trend is applicable to other data sets and specifically for photogrammetric data acquired using larger scale imagery 相似文献
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Void filling and anomaly replacement in conjunction with auxiliary sources of data have been widely used to improve the quality of existing problematic high-resolution digital elevation models. However, the traditional interpolation methods used for this purpose have always failed to eliminate the discrepancies between different data-sets. In this paper, an improved ANUDEM method is presented for DEM interpolation, which incorporates the idea of topographic correction using high correlation of topological structure between contour lines (CLs) from multi-scale digital elevation models (DEM). Firstly, the terrain topological structure is extracted from the CLs of a low-resolution DEM. The topographic surface correction is then undertaken based on the extracted structure, which recovers the topographic information of the sharp depressions and eminences to fit the high-resolution representation. Finally, the breaklines of the terrain surface are distilled and integrated into the denser DEM generation. The experiments undertaken confirmed the superiority of the proposed method over the other DEM interpolation methods. It is shown that the proposed method can provide results with a higher accuracy, as well as a better visual quality. 相似文献
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The Effect of DEM Raster Resolution on First Order, Second Order and Compound Terrain Derivatives 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
Stefan Kienzle 《Transactions in GIS》2004,8(1):83-111
It is well known that the grid cell size of a raster digital elevation model has significant effects on derived terrain variables such as slope, aspect, plan and profile curvature or the wetness index. In this paper the quality of DEMs derived from the interpolation of photogrammetrically derived elevation points in Alberta, Canada, is tested. DEMs with grid cell sizes ranging from 100 to 5 m were interpolated from 100 m regularly spaced elevation points and numerous surface‐specific point elevations using the ANUDEM interpolation method. In order to identify the grid resolution that matches the information content of the source data, three approaches were applied: density analysis of point elevations, an analysis of cumulative frequency distributions using the Kolmogorov‐Smirnov test and the root mean square slope measure. Results reveal that the optimum grid cell size is between 5 and 20 m, depending on terrain com‐plexity and terrain derivative. Terrain variables based on 100 m regularly sampled elevation points are compared to an independent high‐resolution DEM used as a benchmark. Subsequent correlation analysis reveals that only elevation and local slope have a strong positive relationship while all other terrain derivatives are not represented realistically when derived from a coarse DEM. Calculations of root mean square errors and relative root mean square errors further quantify the quality of terrain derivatives. 相似文献
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针对目前SAR干涉测量中基线估计现存的问题,提出了利用Kalman滤波和配准参数进行基线估计的方法.所提出的方法具有不需地面控制点、不受地形限制和不依赖于轨道参数等优点,并可以估计时变的基线参数.利用南京地区的ERS-1/2 tandem数据进行了试验研究,并对提出的方法进行了验证.结果表明,在精确的卫星轨道数据和地面控制点不能获取时,所提出的方法仍能有效地估计InSAR基线.这在一定程度上补偿了轨道偏移带来的误差,为获取高精度的DEM奠定了基础. 相似文献
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Abstract<title/>When the source data for the digital elevation model (DEM) are not known and any additional information or features such as skeleton lines of terrain is not available, a triangular regular network (TRN) is constructed with simple subdivision using one or two diagonals uniformly. Such a model gives inaccurate directions for interpolation because of the inaccurate diagonals used in triangulation and thereby, results in inaccurate contours representing artificial terrain features. In this study, a new method is developed based on slope information computed at DEM points determining accurate diagonals in the subdivision process, which is beneficial not only through the skeleton lines of a terrain but also all over the DEM. Consequently, it is shown that the proposed method is able to build a high fidelity TRN from a DEM without any additional information or features. 相似文献