共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Imaging spectrometry for geological remote sensing 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Without use of imaging spectrometry, imaging of the Earth's surface from aircraft and from spacecraft is hampered by the low spectral resolution and limited number of spectral bands, typically less than 10 bands of 100 to 200 nm width. Imaging spectrometry in remote sensing concerns the acquisition of image data in many narrow (< 40 nm wide) contiguous spectral bands with the ultimate goal of producing detailed spectral reflectance curves for each pixel in the image. Many minerals and rocks have unique spectral signatures with characteristic absorption features that are 20 to 40 nm wide. Imaging spectrometers allow to depict these narrow features and thus map surface mineralogy based on spectral image characterization. This paper gives a review of imaging spectrometry and addresses the following topics: airborne and spaceborne systems available, spectral and geometric data pre-processing, atmospheric correction, techniques for thematic data analysis, and applications in the field of geological remote sensing. In the final section a case study is described where imaging spectrometer data is used for mapping surface mineralogy in a hydrothermal alteration system, thus guiding gold exploration. 相似文献
2.
基于ASTER数据遥感影像的决策树分类 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
以黑龙江省北安市为研究区域,尝试利用ASTER视反射率值进行便利、准确的土地利用分类研究。对ASTER数据进行波段相关分析,确定最佳组合波段;然后重点分析转换为视反射率值的影像特征和光谱特征,从中提取各种典型地物的光谱曲线; 并依据提取的光谱曲线建立基于地物反射率值大小关系或阈值的决策树模型,对研究区不同地物类型进行分类,并对结果进行精度评价。应用效果表明,该方法简单有效,但对于混合光谱容易错分。 相似文献
3.
Zeyad Makhamreh 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2018,77(10):384
The mountainous region represents the most important agricultural and biodiversity haven in Jordan. The objective of this study is to characterize the seasonal pattern of land use and vegetation using multi-temporal SPOT images. Multi-temporal SPOT images were analyzed to characterize the land use and cropping pattern in the mountain regions of Jordan. The images were radiometrically corrected using invariant objects located on the image, and a linear inter-calibration method was used to calibrate the other images. A hybrid classification approach was used in the classification; the spectral signatures of the land-use classes were derived in an iterative procedure using the ISODATA and field survey data. Then, the maximum likelihood classification was applied on all images to classify the class signatures into thematic land-use types. The hybrid classification approach gives more accurate classification accuracy especially for the multi-seasonal image classification. The overall accuracy of the multi-temporal data set was achieved with 87.9%, while classification accuracy for single-date classifications were 61.3, 76.8, 72.2, and 65.5 for months of October, February, April, and June, respectively. In addition, the scene combinations that were derived from February and April were classified the land-use types almost as well as those combinations including more scenes. Regarding the classification details, the multi-temporal images enable higher level of classification for land-use types such as Anderson level 2, and produce accurate boundaries for the different cropping and farming systems. 相似文献
4.
基于6S模型的MODIS影像逐像元大气校正及其应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以获取地物真实反射率为目的,介绍了逐像元大气校正的方法。应用6S模型逐像元综合考虑太阳天顶角、传感器天顶角、相对方位角、大气气溶胶厚度、观测波段以及地表海拔这6个参数,生成查找表,统计分析各参数关于反射率的敏感度;并与以往单一参数校正的方法比较了校正的效果。结果表明,逐像元大气校正算法更加接近地物的真实反射率。利用MODIS地表反射率产品对大气校正的结果进行验证,单一参数、逐像元大气校正的相对误差分别控制在26.9%和12.7%以内;在以植被指数(NDVI)为例的后续遥感定量化反演过程中,逐像元比单一参数大气校正方法计算的NDVI平均高出14.4%。 相似文献
5.
利用遥感影像反演地物反射率,大气校正必不可少。对于高光谱影像,其信噪比与多波段遥感影像相比非常低,消除大气的影响显得尤为重要。在大气辐射传输模型Modtran4.0基础上,给出了一种直接、有效的大气校正参数计算方法。结合MODIS/TERRA大气温湿度廓线产品,使用此方法计算了高光谱影像Hyperion大气校正参数,并用于Hyperion影像的部分波段的反射率反演,与卫星过境时地面同步实测的典型地物反射率以及高光谱大气校正软件ACORN的计算结果进行比较,获得了比较好的结果。研究表明,大气辐射传输模型和卫星遥感大气参数产品相结合用于遥感影像的大气校正是可行的。 相似文献
6.
利用多期Landsat-5 TM影像,结合植被分带信息、地物波谱特征和实地调查数据,提取上海地区滩涂湿地分布及其覆盖信息;在ArcGIS软件支持下,综合多期遥感影像解译结果和相应时段的水下地形信息,对上海市滩涂湿地空间分布及其变化进行分析。结果表明,近15年来上海市滩涂围垦量在不断增加;尽管滩涂湿地仍在继续淤涨,但淤涨速度明显减缓,且慢于围垦速度,这导致中高潮滩涂面积不断减少。 相似文献
7.
8.
Remote sensing's main limitation to date was that geological surface information lacked detail due to the broad bandwidth of the operational scanners. Imaging spectrometers now allow acquisition of image data in many contiguous spectral bands, with the aim of producing laboratory-like reflectance spectra for each pixel in the scene which can be directly compared with spectra of known materials measured in the field or laboratory to allow mineral identification on the Earth surface. The advent of satellite-based imaging spectrometer systems justifies the surge for techniques that allow the automatic preparation of validated surface mineralogy maps. We show an extension of a procedure known as cross-correlogram spectral matching to retrieve accuracy assessed surface mineralogy from Airborne Visible/InfraRed Imaging Spectrometer data (AVIRIS). The procedure is based on the spectral cross-correlation of known mineral spectra with unknown pixel spectra from AVIRIS. The validation is performed through a root-mean square calculation of expected correlograms and pixel correlograms. Results obtained in the study outlined allow an accurate delineation of zones of hydrothermal alteration in an area of active gold exploration. 相似文献
9.
以深圳市东部滨海地区为试验区,对2004年11月21日ASTER遥感数据进行辐射和几何精校正处理,实地建立分类样地;根据多边形样地矢量数据计算分析12类地物在ASTER各波段光谱反射图和分类叠合图,同时进行植被指数和短波红外5个波段主成分分析;结合GIS并利用ASTER光谱波段、第一主成分、植被指数、立体像对生成的地形因子建立土地利用分类决策树表;再根据决策树表对ASTER影像进行土地利用分类。经验证,分类结果总体精度达到85.1%。应用效果表明,利用ASTER数据进行土地现状资源调查具有很好的性价比,能够满足土地利用现状调查的准确度和精度。 相似文献
10.
11.
Two phenomena of similar objects with different spectra and different objects with similar spectrum often result in the difficulty of separation and identification of all types of geographical objects only using spectral information．Therefore,there is a need to incorporate spatial structural and spatial association properties of the surfaces of objects into image processing to improve the accuracy of classification of remotely sensed imagery．In the current article,a new method is proposed on the basis of the principle of multiple-point statistics for combining spectral information and spatial information for image classification．The method was validated by applying to a case study on road extraction based on Landsat TM taken over the Chinese YeHow River delta on August 8,1999． The classification results have shown that this new method provides overall better results than the traditional methods such as maximum likelihood classifier (MLC) 相似文献
12.
Erdem Emin Maras Mustafa Caniberk Mehmet Serhat Odabas Burcu Degerli Süleyman Sirri Maras Hadi Hakan Maras 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2016,9(2):164
We investigated the relationships between mineral content and the physical and mechanical properties of landscape rock using a non-destructive remote sensing method applied in the laboratory. Using this technique, the spectral properties of the landscape rock could be collected at different wavelengths without harming the samples. Differences in spectral reflectance were compared with the physical and mechanical properties of the stone. Significant correlations were observed between reflectance values and the rocks’ mechanical and physical properties, with correlation coefficients of 95 to 99 %. However, establishing a correlation between two variables is not a sufficient condition to establish a causal relationship. Mineral densities and mineral content are characteristics used for the classification of landscape rock. We have concluded that although spectral signatures from landscape rock can be used for predicting which stones might have similar features when comparing two batches of stone, the high correlations we discovered cannot confirm a cause and effect relationship that would allow for the prediction of a rock’s physical and mechanical properties. Although this conclusion is disappointing, the mineral content and the significant correlations discovered by hyperspectral reflectance scanning can be used as supplementary information when comparing two samples of landscape rock. 相似文献
13.
新疆西准噶尔包古图斑岩铜矿蚀变岩石的光谱特征及其意义 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
地物的光谱特征是遥感识别地物的主要依据,不同地物的反射光谱具有其特定的吸收特征谱带。利用ASD和PIMA反射光谱测试仪对新疆西准噶尔包古图斑岩铜矿Ⅱ号、Ⅴ号斑岩铜矿岩体的蚀变围岩(地表采样与钻井采样)进行测试,并对结果进行分析总结。根据反射光谱特征谱带获得蚀变矿物的种类,确定了岩体的蚀变矿物组合,得到反射光谱的吸收谷在ASTER数据中所处的波段;对反射光谱曲线进行数学积分,获得ASTER数据中的强吸收波段。将以上2种分析得到的吸收性波段组合应用于蚀变遥感异常信息提取,结果表明蚀变遥感异常与野外地质特征吻合程度较高。反射光谱分析表明确定岩石矿物的反射光谱特征谱带是进行遥感信息提取工作的前提,波段组合选取对提取蚀变遥感异常信息非常重要。 相似文献
14.
Arindam Guha Debashish Chakraborty A. B. Ekka Kaushik Pramanik K. Vinod Kumar S. Chatterjee S. Subramanium D. Ananth Rao 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2012,79(4):335-344
Recent developments in sensor technology have given an onset for studying the earth surface features based on the detailed spectroscopic observation of different rocks and minerals. The spectroscopic profiles of the rocks are always quite different than their constituent minerals however, the spectral profile of a rock can be broadly reconstituted from the spectral profile of each constituent minerals. Interpretation of rock spectra using the spectra of constituent minerals based on relative spectral matching can bring out interesting information on the rock. Present study is an effort toward this and it highlights how visible-near infrared-shortwave-infrared (VNIR-SWIR) rock spectroscopy acts as an useful tool for understanding the rock-mineralogy in indirect and rapid way. It has also been observed that spectral signatures of rocks; studied in present case, are related to spectral signatures of constituent minerals although absorption features of constituent mineral in the rock are also modified by the other minerals juxtaposed in the rock fabric. However, each rock of the study area has their significant absorption features, but many of the absorption signatures are closely spaced, as altered rock has significant absorption at 2305 nm whereas amphibolite has its important absorption signature in 2385 nm and metabasalt has its significant absorption at 2342 nm. Therefore spectral measurement of high spectral resolution with appreciable signal to noise ratio (SNR) only can detect rocks from each other based on the absorption signatures mentioned above (each of which is 10 to 20 nm apart from the other) and therefore spectroscopy of rock is an innovative technique to map rocks and minerals based on the spectral signatures. 相似文献
15.
以朝鲜半岛为研究区域, 基于2000年和2007年的MOD IS数据, 应用线性光谱混合模型进行像元组分分解并提取分类特征, 对像元组分分解后有错分的地物类型结合纹理进行分析, 以决策树模型进行土地利用分类。结果表明, 像元组分分解后的决策树分类结果总体精度达78.346 5% , Kappa系数达0.681 3。与像元组分分解前最大似然法和决策树分类结果相比, 决策树分类精度优于最大似然法, 且像元组分分解方法提高了分类精度。经2000年和2007年像元组分分解后的决策树分类结果对比: 朝鲜耕地面积增加; 韩国耕地面积减少, 居民地面积增加。 相似文献
16.
17.
高光谱数据处理及其在广西苗儿山地区的地质应用研究 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
本文以广西苗儿山地区机载成像细分红外高光谱数据为例,探讨了高光谱数据的特点及其处理方法。编制了一系列进行数据预处理的软件,进行了条带去除、波段间配准、航向压缩、镜向变换、辐射校正、正切校正、相对反射率转换等预处理,获得了高质量图像。在ＥＮＶＩ软件基础上建立了研究区野外实测光谱曲线库及分类子库,并对各子库进行了系统研究。同时,提出了正确的配准方案,对图像进行了精校正和镶嵌,取得了满意的镶嵌图像;在纯净像元提取、混合像元分解、匹配滤波、光谱特征拟合等方面进行了探索。最后,探讨了高光谱数据的地质应用潜力,尤其在硅化带识别方面取得了成功的效果,发现了一系列新的含铀硅化断裂带;预测了３片成矿有利地段,经验证,在其中两片地区找到了明显的铀偏高和矿化显示。 相似文献
18.
Experimental comparison of support vector machines with random forests for hyperspectral image land cover classification 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The performances of regular support vector machines and random forests are experimentally compared for hyperspectral imaging land cover classification. Special characteristics of hyperspectral imaging dataset present diverse processing problems to be resolved under robust mathematical formalisms such as image classification. As a result, pixel purity index algorithm is used to obtain endmember spectral responses from Indiana pine hyperspectral image dataset. The generalized reduced gradient optimization algorithm is thereafter executed on the research data to estimate fractional abundances in the hyperspectral image and thereby obtain the numeric values for land cover classification. The Waikato environment for knowledge analysis (WEKA) data mining framework is selected as a tool to carry out the classification process by using support vector machines and random forests classifiers. Results show that performance of support vector machines is comparable to that of random forests. This study makes a positive contribution to the problem of land cover classification by exploring generalized reduced gradient method, support vector machines, and random forests to improve producer accuracy and overall classification accuracy. The performance comparison of these classifiers is valuable for a decision maker to consider tradeoffs in method accuracy versus method complexity. 相似文献
19.
Applied in Djebel Meni (Northwestern of Algeria), this research highlights the results obtained from the supervised classification using the Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM) algorithm, through introducing the spectral signatures of illite, kaolinite, and montmorillonite, via Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) spectral library. These results were compared to the ones of the SAM classification, which use spectral signatures obtained by the Sequential Maximum Angle Convex Cone (SMACC) endmembers extraction algorithm. This implies the ability to detect and identify any object present on the Earth’s surface, whether its nature is mineral, vegetal, or human made, from hyperspectral imaging. By extracting the spectral signatures with the SMACC algorithm and matching them to the current signatures of JPL spectral library, comparing spectral signatures with another is not an easy task. Indeed, for a better comparison and a more appropriate interpretation in the use of the SAM classification, the results obtained were very relatively convincing because, regarding very strong similarities. It appears also that the signatures extracted with SMACC occupy the same areas as those of the JPL spectral library. This method of detection and identification of any present object on the Earth’s surface is rather conclusive. 相似文献
20.
Guénaëlle Bony Christophe Morhange Hélène Bruneton Pierre Carbonel Chérine Gébara 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2011,343(10):701-715
The ancient harbour of Fréjus, located in a Holocene ria, has been the subject of a research program in archaeology and, notably with regards to the sedimentary environment at its foundation. A core was extracted in the middle of the basin of Fréjus harbour. The objective is to understand the paleogeographical evolution of the pre-harbour and Roman harbour environments. The sedimentological and biostratigraphical proxies enabled us to: (1) confirm Texier's (1849) hypothesis in which the pre-harbour environment comprised a marine bay blocked by an artificial quay (Gébara and Morhange, 2010). Excoffon et al., 2006 and Devillers et al., 2007, demonstrate the presence of a rocky coast (butte Saint-Antoine), at the time of the harbour's foundation, which it has been progressively transformed into a sandy coast due to the sedimentary input of Argens delta. This study permitted: (2) to confirm the date of foundation of Fréjus’ harbor; and (3) to show different phases of protection. Indeed, the harbour facies attests to a euryhaline lagoon (B1 and B3) which was gradually transformed into a freshwater lake (B4) due to the progradation of the Argens. Low sedimentation rates (ca. 0.5 mm/year), between the end of the last century BC until seventh century AD is consistent with the dredging of the harbour basin. 相似文献