共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Miyake, N. and Denda, A., 1993. Utilization of underground spaces in urban areas: Urban geo-grid plan. In: M. Langer, K. Hoshino and K. Aoki (Editors). Engineering Geology in the Utilization of Underground Space. Eng. Geol., 35: 175–181. The Urban Geo-grid Plan aims for a systematic and better coexistence of above-ground and underground areas through the utilization of underground space presently not in use, without interfering with existing urban functions. There would be “base points” supporting regional functions which are laid out in a grid connected by “lines”. Base points would consist of “grid points” and “grid stations”, which serve as control centers for grid points, the grid points and grid stations being interconnected by tunnels to form an “underground network”. Normally, a base point would be used for multiple purposes to supplement regional functions which are inadequate, as well as urban functions, and in emergencies, such as earthquake disasters, it would demonstrate information and evacuations functions. 相似文献
2.
Morfeldt, C.-O., 1993. Underground construction on engineering geological terms: A fundamental necessity for the function of metropolitan environments and Man's survival. In: M. Langer, K. Hoshino and K. Aoki (Editors), Engineering Geology in the Utilization of Underground Space. Eng. Geol., 35: 149–165. 相似文献
3.
Langer, M., 1993. The Role of Engineering Geology for Planning and Construction of Underground Openings. In: M. Langer, K. Hoshino and K. Aoki (Editors), Engineering Geology in the Utilization of Underground Space. Eng. Geol., 35: 143–147. 相似文献
4.
Japan is located at the boundary between three continental and oceanic plates, and there is a great variety and complexity of geological features as a result of tectonic activities. The possibility of excavating large underground tunnels in the seemingly “fragile” rocks in orogenic areas was considered as a national project for the underground storage of petroleum. One hundred and seventy sites in 57 areas were selected based on a comprehensive survey over the whole country. After a successful experiment with a test tunnel, 112 m long and 250 m 2 in cross-section area, excavated in Cretaceous granite, three sites in granites and pyroclastic rocks were selected for construction. The largest of these storage tunnels is 550 m in length and 20 × 30 m in cross-section. Before construction, a detailed survey of the subsurface geology was carried out, taking into consideration the structural geology, the mechanical properties of the rocks and the hydrogeology. It was concluded that even in active orogenic areas, there are many suitable sites for large underground excavations and that these can be detected by detailed, planned surveys. 相似文献
5.
The need for storage caverns for oil and gas, and repositories for toxic chemical waste is increasing world-wide. Rock salt formations are particularly suitable for the construction of cavities for such purposes. Owing to its favourable geomechanical properties, rock salt remains stable over long periods of time without support, and it can be shown that the geological barrier of the host rock remains intact for a remarkably long time. Safety analysis must be made for each proposed site based on site-specific data. The methods of doing this are well known and related technical recommendations exist in Germany. These recommendations apply to the planning, construction, operation and post-operational management of salt caverns used for the underground disposal of hazardous wastes. In particular, geotechnical site-specific safety verification, as required by the government's technical regulations on wastes (TA-Abfall) under the section “Underground Disposal”, is required. This safety verification must cover the entire system comprising the waste, the cavern and the surrounding rocks. For this purpose geomechanical models have to be developed. The steps which must be taken when carrying out geological engineering site explorations and when determining geotechnical parameters are discussed. In addition, recommendations are made for the design and construction of underground repositories. For liquid-filled caverns, long-term sealing from the biosphere is of particular interest. In this instance it must be shown that the natural increase in pressure in the closed cavity due to long-term convergence does not exceed the fracture pressure. A special filled test (scale 1:1) has been performed to study this. 相似文献
6.
在岩溶水文地质调查中,示踪试验的应用是较为广泛且行之有效的方法。为确定地下河系统的岩溶含水介质结构,采用高精度在线监测技术在广西壮族自治区贺州市合宝地下河主管道上进行示踪试验。试验采用的示踪剂为荧光素钠,在线监测设备为GGUN-FL30野外荧光分光光度计。试验结果显示: 合宝地下河入口S 1与出口S 4之间地下河以管道流为主要特征,结构相对简单,不存在溶潭等地下储水体; 示踪剂回收率为63.18%,说明该地下河还有其他排泄途径,很有可能为地下潜流。基于Qtracer2数据分析可知,合宝地下河枯季水流的最大流速为156.00 m/h,平均流速48.09 m/h,岩溶管道储水量26 714 m 3,管道过水断面面积13.70 m 2,平均直径4.18 m,弥散系数0.505 m 2/s,纵弥散度37.81 m,摩擦系数0.178,雷诺数48 937,舍伍德数1 875.4,施密特数1 140。合宝地下河岩溶极其发育,含水介质不均一性强,为规模较大的单一管道系统。地下水流态呈紊流型,且局部具备承压特征。研究数据及成果为建立地下河系统数值模型提供了依据。 相似文献
7.
In the use of underground space for storage of solar energy, storage of excess heat from thermal power plants and containment of nuclear waste, the host medium is subjected to a thermal field accompanied by a thermal stress field. These stresses may endanger the stability and integrity of the structure. In this paper, the stress field, in circular and spherical openings, due to a given thermal field is analytically determined and numerically verified. Both lined and unlined openings are considered. The numerical and analytical results are in a satisfactory agreement. The lining stresses, support pressure and radial interface displacement depend only on the thermal field in the lining. A simplified method of stress computation applicable to a thin lining is also presented. 相似文献
8.
Summary Stability analysis of the underground openings under earthquake induced dynamic loads has been carried out for the four underground openings, which exist at Koyna H.E Project, Koyna, India. Vertical and horizontal displacements, maximum compressive and tensile stresses occurring in the vicinity of these openings have been computed and are compared vis-à-vis the values obtained from the static analysis. A reasonably good agreement between the results has been noted. The minimum major principal stresses (tensile), which exist only in the vicinity of the underground openings, when static analysis is conducted are noted to spread over the entire rock mass when dynamic analysis is performed. The study presents a methodology, which can be used for checking the stability of the underground openings, under seismic loading conditions. 相似文献
9.
为查明色达—松潘断块地热资源赋存状态及热源来源,以四川黑水县内3处温泉(热水塘、上达古、卡龙沟)为研究对象,采集温泉水样进行水化学分析和同位素测试,研究地热水的补给来源和热储温度。研究结果显示,热水塘温泉的地下水化学类型为HCO 3-Na型,上达古温泉和卡龙沟温泉的地下水化学类型为HCO 3-Ca型,补给水源主要为大气降水,补给高程分别为5 121 m、3 890 m、3 921 m。结合矿物饱和指数,采用SiO 2地热温标计算3处温泉的热储温度,分别为119.036 ℃、49.034 ℃、30.215 ℃。综合分析认为研究区地下热水的成因主要为大气降水经高山补给区入渗至储集层,吸取地下深部向上传导的热量和放射性元素衰变释放的热量,并与围岩发生水-岩作用形成地下热水,在断裂发育部位热水沿断裂带向上运移,最后在地表出露形成温泉。 相似文献
10.
咸水层CO 2地质封存技术是我国实现碳中和目标的重要支撑技术,也是一项深部地下空间开发利用技术。咸水层CO 2地质封存工程利用的深部地下空间,需要在确定CO 2羽流、扰动边界和经济因素“三级边界”的基础上进行综合评估。以我国唯一的深部咸水层CO 2地质封存项目——国家能源集团鄂尔多斯碳捕集与封存(Carbon Capture and Storage, CCS)示范工程为实例,基于封存场地储层CO 2羽流监测以及扰动边界的推断预测结果综合评估,认为示范工程平面上4个1'×1'经纬度范围可作为地下利用空间平面边界,垂向上以纸坊组顶界(深度约958 m)为地下封存体顶部边界,以深度2 800 m为底板封隔层底界。提出的咸水层CO 2地质封存地下利用空间评估方法,能够为未来封存工程地下利用空间审批与监管提供一定参考,但也需要进一步结合已有法律法规及规模化封存工程实践完善提升。 相似文献
11.
对某水电站地下厂房采用有限元方法反演厂区初始地应力场。分别对地下厂房洞室群3个平行洞室的不同间距、洞室开挖的不同顺序以及施加锚杆和锚索后的方案与毛洞方案进行了分析比较。计算结果表明,经过适当优化后该洞室群在洞室布局、开挖顺序和支护参数等方面是安全可行的,各主要洞室群的稳定性总体较好。 相似文献
12.
在大型地下岩洞中储油是世界各国石油战略储备的重要方式之一。随着我国石油进口量的不断增加,建造大型地下储油洞库无疑是一种综合经济效益良好的方案。针对大型地下水封储油岩洞库的工程特点,利用数值模拟方法对储库洞群中各洞室的开挖施工顺序进行了仿真模拟计算。通过对3种可能的施工方案所引起的地表变形、洞周关键位置的变形以及应力场和位移场的分布规律对比分析,比选出了洞群中各洞室较优的开挖先后顺序。对筛选出的较优方案进行了施工过程与粘弹性稳定性分析模拟,给出了考虑岩体流变特性时油库的变形规律特点,并对大型地下油库的强度及长期稳定性进行了分析评价,所得结论对地下储油库的开挖施工有一定的参考价值。 相似文献
13.
煤炭资源在我国能源结构中仍处于主体地位,但煤炭工业发展面临着“碳达峰碳中和”的新挑战。积极发展煤炭开发地下空间储能技术,是推动能源利用低碳化和清洁化的有效手段,也是保证我国能源战略安全的关键措施。结合当前储能技术,探讨了煤炭开发地下空间的利用现状,围绕利用煤炭开发地下空间抽水蓄能、热储能、压缩空气储能、电化学储能、生物质储能等储能新技术,重点阐述废弃矿井不同能源类型的储能理念及方式,系统分析储能过程中面临的地质保障关键技术难题。煤炭开发地下空间储能新技术总体思路为：利用煤炭开发地下空间所具有的低位势能差,将其用作梯级储水库(抽水蓄能);或直接将其用作储质、储能空间(热储能、压缩空气储能、电化学储能、生物质储能),既可提升煤炭开发地下空间资源的开发利用率,又可避免土地资源浪费,尽量降低对生态环境的扰动。虽然煤炭开发地下空间可作为大规模储能库,但其开发利用过程仍存在一些亟待解决的地质问题以及地质保障技术。主要包括：(1)地质条件与选址适宜性分析和安全性评价,即对储能空间的地质因素进行岩土工程性质和环境地质条件的系统研究,查明储能空间稳定性主控因素及其权重,构建选址指标体系与评价方法,重点查... 相似文献
14.
In Japan, three underground crude-oil storage facilities with a total capacity of 5 million kl are under construction as a chain of the national oil storage project. Because the NATM method was used in this project, we applied a systematic work control system, consisting of in situ measurements and engineering geological observations, including an original rock-mass classification system. The classification system used can be slightly modified depending upon site-specific geological conditions and the purposes of the facilities such as, i.e., an artificial water sealing system. 相似文献
15.
地质体与人造工程几何形态极其复杂,其三维可视化是地学的一个难题。通过多层DEM形成层状地质体界面,在此基础上,借助中轴变换技术概念,用地层厚度和地层中层面将地层的形状特征及拓扑关系表现出来,建立了一个判断地层任意位置属性值的方法,藉此运用空间插值技术、等值线生成技术、扫描表示技术等可视化技术将地层以及地下工程开挖绘制出来,避免了复杂的开挖体元属性及形体判断和开挖面与体元求交过程。采用此方法实现了某水电站地层与厂房基坑开挖三维可视化。 相似文献
16.
由于CO 2大量排放而引起的全球气候变暖问题日趋严峻。21世纪环境保护受到国际社会高度关注,全球气温上升控制目标比工业革命前水平高2 ℃以内,因此必须采取积极有效措施。捕获和埋存废气中的CO 2是避免气候变化的有效途径之一,同时要求CO 2须埋存几百或几千年。埋存对环境产生的影响最小、成本较低且遵守国际法规。CO 2地下埋存的主要场所是枯竭的油气藏、深部的盐水储集层、不能开采的煤层和深海等。CO 2地下埋存可应对因能源需求增长和CO 2排放量增加带来的挑战,必将为全球资源及环境的高水平、高效益开发和可持续发展提供理论及实践依据。 相似文献
17.
中新天津生态城是典型的海岸带建设城市,其复杂的水文地质条件制约着地下空间建设。为查清地下空间水质的垂向分布情况,利用中新天津生态城11个深度为40.0 m的钻孔采取不同深度的原状土样,并采用气体压榨法得到土样中的孔隙水样品,对孔隙水的pH值,总硬度,TDS、K +、Na +、Ca 2+、Mg 2+、CO 32-、HCO 3-、SO 42-、Cl -、Sr、Br质量浓度,Cl/Br, γNa/ γCl及 87Sr/ 86Sr等水化学和同位素参数进行了测试分析。结果显示,孔隙水中水化学成分的质量浓度存在显著的垂向差异（最大相差4倍）：受潮滩生卤影响,北部除HCO 3-外,其他所有离子最大质量浓度出现在地下5.0 m左右;受地表水影响,中部与南部Cl -最大质量浓度出现在埋深15.0 m左右,其余离子分布规律与Cl -基本一致。水化学和同位素特征联合表明,埋深小于20.0 m的孔隙水表现出明显的现代海水特征,说明其主要受现代海水影响;埋深大于20.0 m的孔隙水化学特征受现代海水和水岩相互作用综合影响,且受古沉积水影响明显。 相似文献
18.
地下工程开挖导致地层沉陷,这种地质环境效应对该范围内的建（构）筑物、管线、道路、桥梁、水体、农用设施等都可能构成不同程度的损害。为了确保地下工程开挖对地面环境损害最小,提出了利用GIS技术进行地下工程开挖决策设计的思路,并探讨了其可行性与必要性,研究了实现地下工程开挖可视化决策系统的数据处理以及实现可视化的关键技术,建立了数据库E-R模型。 相似文献
19.
地下水封油库是一种复杂的地下工程, 在施工期间开展岩体原位应力三维测量, 对设计的开挖和支护方案进行检验和复核, 有利于设计优化和指导施工。采用水压致裂测量方法, 在油库内南北水平、东西水平和垂直3个方向钻探成孔进行地应力测量, 综合3个方向的地应力测量结果, 计算确定三维地应力大小和方向。计算结果验证了设计所使用的勘察阶段地应力测量结果的可靠性, 检验和复核了设计施工方案的合理性, 并进一步评价了地下水封油库围岩稳定性。 相似文献
20.
采用有限元方法反演某水电站地下厂房厂区初始地应力场。采用Zienkiewicz-Pande的双曲线屈服准则,对某水电站地下厂房洞室群的开挖过程进行了三维弹塑性有限元模拟。为反映锚固支护对围岩的加固作用和评价地下厂房洞室群支护参数的合理性,提出了可以考虑抗剪作用的隐式锚杆单元和可以考虑预应力效果隐式锚索单元。计算结果表明,该洞室群在洞室布局、开挖顺序和支护参数等方面是合理的,各主要洞室群的稳定性总体较好。 相似文献
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