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1.
Upper-level jet streams over East Asia simulated by the LASG/IAP coupled climate system model FGOALS-s2 were assessed, and the mean state bias explained in terms of synoptic-scale transient eddy activity (STEA). The results showed that the spatial distribution of the seasonal mean jet stream was reproduced well by the model, except that following a weaker meridional temperature gradient (MTG), the intensity of the jet stream was weaker than in National Centers for Environment Prediction (NCEP)/Department of Energy Atmospheric Model Inter-comparison Project Ⅱ reanalysis data (NCEP2). Based on daily mean data, the jet core number was counted to identify the geographical border between the East Asian Subtropical Jet (EASJ) and the East Asian Polar-front Jet (EAPJ). The border is located over the Tibetan Plateau according to NCEP2 data, but was not evident in FGOALS-s2 simulations. The seasonal cycles of the jet streams were found to be reasonably reproduced, except that they shifted northward relative to reanalysis data in boreal summer owing to the northward shift of negative MTGs. To identify the reasons for mean state bias, the dynamical and thermal forcings of STEA on mean flow were examined with a focus on boreal winter. The dynamical and thermal forcings were estimated by extended Eliassen-Palm flux (E) and transient heat flux, respectively. The results showed that the failure to reproduce the tripolar-pattern of the divergence of E over the jet regions led to an unsuccessful separation of the EASJ and EAPJ, while dynamical forcing contributed less to the weaker EASJ. In contrast, the weaker transient heat flux partly explained the weaker EASJ over the ocean. 相似文献
2.
Diagnostic Comparison of Wintertime East Asian Subtropical Jet and Polar-Front Jet: Large-Scale Characteristics and Transient Eddy Activities 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3 
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下载免费PDF全文 Diagnostic comparison of the East Asian subtropical jet (EASJ) and polar-front jet (EAPJ) in winter season is carried out by using the ERA-40 dataset. The large-scale circulation characteristics and synopticscale transient eddy activities (STEAs) associated with the EASJ and EAPJ are examined. The results show that the EASJ and EAPJ in the upper-level monthly mean data have no clear geographical border, while the distribution of the numbers of jet cores from the daily data exhibits a distinct boundary at the latitudes of the northern Tibetan Plateau. The two areas with large numbers of jet cores correspond to the EASJ and EAPJ regions. The analysis of STEAs over the East Asian region shows a spatial match of STEAs with the EASJ and EAPJ in winter: the strong EASJ is located within the weak southern branch of the STEA while the relatively weak EAPJ appears within the active northern branch of the STEA, indicating that the EAPJ is the jet coexisting with the STEA. Further analysis shows two anomalous modes of the winter EAPJ: the anomalous anticyclonic/cyclonic circulation and the weakened/strengthened local westerly wind. The large-scale circulation anomalies in the Northern Hemisphere related to the first mode are concentrated in the Eurasian mid to high latitudes, and are also influenced by the anomalous circulation in the upstream area. When the local westerly wind over the EAPJ region is weakened/strengthened, the westerly jet in the eastern part of the EASJ and that in the western Pacific region show opposite variations. The corresponding anomalous atmospheric circulation demonstrates the Eurasian (EU) pattern. The EAPJ anomalies are also closely linked with the STEA anomalies over East Asia. The anomalies in the northern branch of the STEA propagate as a wave train along its axis into the East Asian coastal waters, and then migrate eastward to the oceanic region. However, the ones near the southern branch are trapped over the eastern part of East Asia and its coastal waters at 200 hPa. 相似文献
3.
Based on the National Centers for Environmental Prediction and National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) daily reanalysis data and the upper-level objective analysis data provided by the Meteorological Information Comprehensive Analysis and Process System (MICAPS), the feature of the spatio-temporal variation of the East Asian jet stream (EAJS) in persistent snowstorm and freezing rain processes over southern China in January 2008 have been investigated. Each of the storm events was closely linked with the extraordinarily abnormal variations of East Asian subtropical jet (EASJ) and East Asian polar front jet (EAPJ) at that time. The stronger EASJ with abnormally northward position of the jet axis corresponded to the more intense storm event with broader ranges and longer duration time. The heavy freezing-rain-and-snow event occurred over the region where a strong southerly wind of EASJ prevailed. Meanwhile, the westerly and northerly winds of the EAPJ were significantly intensified, which were also closely related to the beginning, enhancement, and ending of the heavy snowfall. The meridional component of the EAPJ was dominated by the northerly wind during the snowstorm. Thus, the intensification of the snowstorm was attributed to both the strengthening of the meridional wind of EAPJ and the southerly wind of EASJ. Further analysis indicated that wind speed and the zonal wind of the two jets exhibited precursory signals about half a month prior to this extreme event, and the precursory signals were found in the meridional components of the two jets about 20 days preceding the event. The sudden weakening of the meridional component of EASJ and the zonal component of EAPJ signified the ending of this persistent snowstorm. 相似文献
4.
冬季东亚副热带急流与温带急流的比较分析：大尺度特征和瞬变扰动活动 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
使用ERA40再分析的月资料和逐日资料,从大尺度特征和瞬变扰动活动两个角度对冬季东亚副热带急流(EASJ)和东亚温带急流(EAPJ)进行了比较分析.结果表明,使用月资料分析的EASJ与EAPJ在高层风场上没有清晰的地理分界区,而使用逐日资料计算得到的冬季逐日急流发生数则以高原北部上空所处的纬度带为分界岭,存在两个急流中心集中区,分别对应于EASJ和EAPJ区域.通过分析东亚上空天气尺度瞬变扰动活动(STEA)表明,与强盛的冬季EASJ相伴随的是较弱的南支STEA,而与较弱的EAPJ相伴随的北支STEA却十分活跃,显示出EAPJ是与瞬变活动相伴而存的急流.进一步的诊断分析揭示了冬季东亚温带急流的两种主要异常模态,一种是EAPJ区域反气旋性/气旋性异常环流型,另一种是局地西风的减弱/增加.与第1种异常模态相关的北半球大尺度环流异常主要集中在欧亚中高纬地区,其形成受中高纬大气环流以及东亚上游大气环流异常的共同影响.当EAPJ局地西风减弱/增加时.EASJ东段至西太平洋上空的西风急流呈现出与之相反的变化型,北半球大气环流异常表现为大气遥相关的欧亚(EU)型.冬季EAPJ的两种异常模态还与东亚上空STEA异常密切联系,其中在北支STEA区域出现的瞬变异常以波列的形式沿STEA北支轴线传播到达东亚沿海上空,然后东传入洋面上空,而对于靠近STEA南支轴线的异常扰动活动则只能存在于东亚东部及其沿海上空的200 hPa层上. 相似文献
5.
王洪勋 《沙漠与绿洲气象(新疆气象)》2021,15(1):19-27
利用欧洲中心ERA 5月平均资料和日资料分析2018年冬季浙江罕见连续阴雨寡照期间东亚高空副热带急流和温带急流的位置和强度特征,分析连阴雨异常天气期间东亚高空急流在位置和强度上的部分异常特征.结果表明:东亚高空急流活动区域以青藏高原上空为分界线,分为南北两支,南支副热带急流活动区域沿青藏高原南侧呈准纬向分布,北支温带急... 相似文献
6.
利用1958～1997年NCEP/NCAR一日四次的风场再分析资料,系统地分析了季节平均西风角动量（即u角动量）经向、垂直输送通量及其三个分量（平均经圈环流、定常波、瞬变涡输送通量）的气候特征,特别是讨论了12～2月、6～8月它们与东、西风带、副热带西风急流、极夜急流之间的联系。结果表明:（1）包含纬度因子的角动量通量与动量通量在高纬地区存在显著差别,高纬对流层上部的强动量输送中心在角动量通量中不明显。而u角动量强经向输送主要在中低纬对流层顶附近和冬半球高纬平流层顶附近,副热带西风急流和极夜西风急流均位于u角动量强向极输送中心及其高纬一侧的辐合区中。（2）发现三个输送分量对急流维持的作用随纬度、季节不同。北半球冬季（夏季）的副热带西风急流主要由平均经圈环流（强度相当的定常波和瞬变涡）强经向输送及辐合维持;南半球西风急流全年均由平均经圈环流和瞬变涡旋输送及辐合维持;冬半球中平流层极夜急流主要由定常波、瞬变涡旋输送及其辐合共同维持。（3）热带东风区是牵连角动量（即Ω角动量）的高值区,它主要由平均经圈环流向对流层上部输送;冬半球副热带及中纬西风区存在u角动量垂直输送的切变区,它主要由平均经圈环流和瞬变涡旋完成;热带对流层顶附近有u角动量的定常波弱向下输送。 相似文献
7.
利用高分辨率的再分析资料ERA40，分析了纬向平均状态下北半球不同尺度的定常波对西风动量沿经向输送的气候态及其年变化。结果表明，对流层中定常波对西风动量输送最强的区域位于中纬度对流层的中上层，定常波在该区域长年向北输送纬向动量，且输送中心随季节有南北移动和强弱变化。此外，在高纬度地区的对流层中上层以及赤道对流层顶附近还有两个相对较弱的输送中心。前者对西风动量的输送长年向南，其垂直范围从对流层低层一直伸展到平流层下层，中心位置相对固定，强度有明显的季节变化。后者位置也相对固定，但输送方向随季节改变。平流层中定常波对西风动量的输送主要位于中高纬度的平流层中上层，定常波在该区域长年向北输送西风动量，中心位置非常稳定，而强度则随季节变化明显。行星尺度定常波的输送作用与总波动的输送作用非常一致，并在很大程度上决定了波动对动量输送强度的季节变化。天气尺度定常波和10波以上的短波的输送作用主要集中在中纬度对流层的中高层。前者与行星尺度定常波共同决定了该区域内的输送强度，并主导了输送中心的南北移动；后者的作用很小，除夏季外均可以忽略。作者给出的不同尺度定常波对西风动量输送的气候态分布不但可以作为日后研究其年际变化的基础，而且还可以为大气环流模式对大气环流模拟能力的评估提供重要的参考。 相似文献
8.
盛夏两类东亚高空西风急流北跳的动力过程 总被引：6，自引：2，他引：4
在气候态上,7月底东亚高空西风急流中心突然从40°N北跳到45°N以北.逐年统计分析显示此次急流北跳存在两类典型方式:急流北侧西风强度增强引起的北跳(第一类)和急流中心西风强度的减弱引起的北跳(第二类).本文基于1958年到2002年的NCEP/NCAR再分析资料,采用波活动通量诊断这两类典型北跳相应的动力过程,进一步... 相似文献
9.
The major features of the westerly jets in boreal winter, consisting of the Middle East jet stream (MEJS), East Asian jet stream (EAJS) and North Atlantic jet stream (NAJS), simulated by a newly developed climate system model, were evaluated with an emphasis on the meridional location of the westerly jet axis (WJA). The model was found to exhibit fairly good performance in simulating the EAJS and NAJS, whereas the MEJS was much weaker and indistinguishable in the model. Compared with the intensity bias, the southward shift of the WJA seems to be a more remarkable deficiency. From the perspective of Ertel potential vorticity, the profiles along different westerly jet cores in the model were similar with those in the reanalysis but all shifted southward, indicating an equatorward displacement of the dynamic tropopause and associated climatology. Diagnosis of the thermodynamic equation revealed that the model produced an overall stronger heating source and the streamfunction quantifying the convection and overturning Hadley circulation shifted southward significantly in the middle and upper troposphere. The two maximum centers of eddy kinetic energy, corresponding to the EAJS and NAJS, were reproduced, whereas they all shifted southwards with a much reduced intensity. A lack of transient eddy activity will reduce the efficiency of poleward heat transport, which may partially contribute to the meridionally non-uniform cooling in the middle and upper troposphere. As the WJA is closely related to the location of the Hadley cell, tropopause and transient eddy activity, the accurate simulation of westerly jets will greatly improve the atmospheric general circulation and associated climatology in the model. 相似文献
10.
冬季东亚副热带急流和温带急流协同变化与我国冷空气活动的关系 总被引：8，自引：2，他引：6
利用NCEP/NCAR再分析资料和地面台站气温观测资料,分析了冬季东亚副热带急流（EASJ）和东亚温带急流（EAPJ）强度变化特征及其与我国境内冷空气活动的关系。以（45°N～60°N, 70°E～110°E）和（27.5°N～37.5°N,130°E～160°E）区域平均的300 hPa全风速分别表征冬季EAPJ和EASJ的强度,将两支急流的强度变化分为四种情况：EAPJ和EASJ同强（SS）、同弱（WW）、以及强弱（SW）、弱强（WS）。分析四种急流强度变化情形下中国境内冷空气活动强度、路径、持续时间以及源地的不同特征,发现当EAPJ和EASJ均强时,冷空气从内蒙古中东部入侵,主要影响华北、东北和东部沿海地区,强度较弱,持续时间短,冷空气源地位于新地岛以东的洋面及陆地上;当EAPJ和EASJ均弱时,冷空气从新疆北部入侵,影响我国大部分地区,强度强,持续时间长,冷空气源地位于巴尔喀什湖西部;当EAPJ强,EASJ弱时,冷空气从我国东北入侵,主要影响我国东北部,中国南部降温不明显,冷空气强度较强,持续时间短,冷空气源地位于中、西西伯利亚地带;当EAPJ弱,EASJ强时,冷空气从内蒙古中部入侵,进而影响华北和我国东部地区,但冷空气强度较弱,冷空气源地位于贝加尔湖的西侧。进一步分析急流强度四种变化情形下的环流特征发现,EAPJ、EASJ均弱时,西伯利亚高压偏强,阿留申低压偏弱,东亚大槽偏深,中国东部的偏北风强,而EAPJ弱、EASJ强时,尽管西伯利亚高压和阿留申低压偏强,东亚大槽偏深,但中国东部的偏北风并不是很强,而另两种情况时,西伯利亚高压较弱,东亚大槽也较弱,中国东部的偏北风偏弱。 相似文献
11.
The effect of transient eddy on interannual meridional displacement of summer East Asian subtropical jet 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Using ERA-40 reanalysis daily data for the period 1958-2002,this study investigated the effect of transient eddy(TE) on the interannual meridional displacement of summer East Asian subtropical jet(EASJ) by conducting a detailed dynamical diagnosis.The summer EASJ axis features a significant interannual coherent meridional displacement.Associated with such a meridional displacement,the TE vorticity forcing anomalies are characterized by a meridional dipole pattern asymmetric about the climatological EASJ axis.The TE vorticity forcing anomalies yield barotropic zonal wind tendencies with a phase meridionally leading the zonal wind anomalies,suggesting that they act to reinforce further meridional displacement of the EASJ and favor a positive feedback in the TE and time-mean flow interaction.However,The TE thermal forcing anomalies induce baroclinic zonal wind tendencies that reduce the vertical shear of zonal wind and atmospheric baroclinicity and eventually suppress the TE activity,favoring a negative feedback in the TE and time-mean flow interaction.Although the two types of TE forcing tend to have opposite feedback roles,the TE vorticity forcing appears to be dominant in the TE effect on the time-mean flow. 相似文献
12.
Characterizing the winter concurrent variation patterns of the subtropical and polar-front jets over East Asia 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 In this study, the concurrent variation relationships between the East Asian subtropical jet (EASJ) and polar-front jet (PFJ) over the East Asian land mass in the winter season on different timescales are identified and the impacts of the jet concurrent variation patterns on the atmospheric circulation in mid–high latitude regions and climate anomalies in China are examined, using NCEP–NCAR reanalysis data and observational data. The major variability modes of the winter upper-level wind field on interannual timescales are characterized by the meridional shift of the PFJ and out-of-phase variation in the intensity of the subtropical jet and PFJ. On subseasonal and synoptic timescales, the concurrent variation relationships can be categorized into four configuration patterns: a strong (weak) subtropical jet accompanied by a weak (strong) PFJ, or a strong (weak) subtropical jet with a strong (weak) PFJ. The out-ofphase variation [i.e., a stronger (weaker) EASJ and weaker (stronger) PFJ] is found to be more common than the inphase variation [i.e., a stronger (weaker) EASJ and stronger (weaker) PFJ]. These concurrent variation relationships represent the integral structure and variation features of the atmospheric general circulation over East Asia, and have significant impacts on the weather and climate. The strong subtropical jet/weak PFJ (weak subtropical jet/strong PFJ) pattern leads to anomalous negative (positive) geopotential height in midlatitude regions and favors cold (warm) conditions, and positive (negative) rainfall anomalies in southern China. For both strong jet configurations, the geopotential height anomaly in the mid–high latitudes shows a northwest–southeast tilted dipole pattern, resulting in northern warm–southern cold temperature anomalies, and positive rainfall anomalies in southern China. For both weak jet situations, positive geopotential height anomalies dominate the East Asian area, and warm conditions occur over most areas in China, corresponding to less negative rainfall anomalies in southern China. The complicated rainfall and temperature anomaly patterns in China can be explained by the concurrent variation relationships between the two jets. A close relationship may exist between the synoptic-scale transient eddy activity (STEA) and the intensity of jet streams, especially for the PFJ. Significantly reduced (strengthened) STEA over the polar-front area is intimately associated with a decreased (increased) intensity of the PFJ. 相似文献
13.
围绕1960—2011年江淮地区夏季持续性降水展开对单站和区域性持续4 d及以上降水的分析,并探讨其与东亚高空急流的联系。研究发现,近年来持续4 d及以上降水的频数有增多趋势,且在江淮地区其影响范围有逐渐扩大的趋势。持续4 d及以上单站降水频数EOF分析的前两个模态均与极锋急流和陆上副热带急流的协同作用有关。当极锋急流北移和陆上副热带急流南移时,冷暖空气易在江淮地区的西北部相遇,利于较长持续时间的单站降水在该地区发生,易于导致第一模态的全场一致变化。与第二模态相关的高空急流配置表现为陆上副热带急流的减弱和极锋急流的增强,两支急流的强弱配置通过影响水汽输送和上升运动导致江淮地区形成南湿北干的异常型。进一步研究了江淮地区持续4 d及以上区域性降水与急流协同作用的关系发现,在事件发生之前极锋急流显著增强,副热带急流略有增强。伴随着两支急流的变化,西北太平洋副热带高压和北风产生持续性异常,利于冷暖空气活动,导致持续时间较长的区域性降水发生 相似文献
14.
利用ERA-Interim再分析资料,采用滤波和合成分析等统计方法,分析了冬季东亚高空急流的季节内协同变化以及对我国东部降水的影响,结果表明:在季节内尺度(10~90天)中,东亚地区冬季300 hPa逐日纬向风主要表现为准双周振荡(10~30天)。300 hPa低频纬向风异常整体向东传播,高纬的低频纬向风异常向南传播,低纬低频纬向风没有明显经向传播特征。伴随低频纬向西风从里海附近开始向东移动至西北太平洋上空,温带急流向东再向东南移动并且强度先增强再减弱,副热带急流位置没有明显变化,强度演变特征与温带急流变化相反。降水异常对300 hPa风场低频振荡有显著响应,低频降水主要出现在我国东部,随时间向东移动,移至西太平洋附近消失;受低频风场影响,温带急流偏强,副热带急流偏弱时,我国东部高空辐合,地面表现为低频高压,整层有较强下沉气流,地面为东北风控制,不易产生降水;温带急流偏弱,副热带急流偏强时,青藏高原北侧整层一致东风异常,南侧整层一致西风异常,使我国东部高空辐散,地面受低频低压控制,我国东部产生整层上升运动,并且有西南风水汽输送,水汽辐合,我国东部出现低频降水正异常。 相似文献
15.
Performances of two LASG/IAP(State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sci- ences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics/Institute of Atmospheric Physics)Atmospheric General Circulation Models(AGCMs),namely GAMIL and SAMIL,in simulating the major characteristics of the East Asian subtropical westerly jet(EASWJ)in the upper troposphere are examined in this paper.The mean vertical and horizontal structures and the correspondence of the EASWJ location to the meridional temperature gradient in the upper troposphere are well simulated by two models.However,both models underestimate the EASWJ intensity in winter and summer,and are unable to simulate the bimodal distribution of the ma- jor EASWJ centers in mid-summer,relative to the observation,especially for the SAMIL model.The biases in the simulated EASWJ intensity are found to be associated with the biases of the meridional temperature gradients in the troposphere,and furthermore with the surface sensible heat flux and condensation latent heating.The models capture the major characteristics of the seasonal evolution of the diabatic heating rate averaged between 30°-45°N,and its association with the westerly jet.However,the simulated maximum diabatic heating rate in summer is located westward in comparison with the observed position,with a rela- tively strong diabatic heating intensity,especially in GAMIL.The biases in simulating the diabatic heating fields lead to the biases in simulating the temperature distribution in the upper troposphere,which may further affect the EASWJ simulations.Therefore,it is necessary to improve the simulation of the meridional temperature gradient as well as the diabatic heating field in the troposphere for the improvement of the EASWJ simulation by GAMIL and SAMIL models. 相似文献
16.
利用1979—2005年OAFlux (Objectively Analyzed air-sea Fluxes) 观测资料以及CMIP5的15个耦合模式的模拟结果,评估了BCC_CSM1.1(m) 模式对热带太平洋年平均潜热通量气候态和变化趋势的模拟能力,并分析造成趋势偏差的可能原因。结果表明:BCC_CSM1.1(m) 模式模拟热带太平洋年平均潜热通量气候态在各纬度上差异较大, 其中在赤道的模拟能力较佳,而在10°N和8°S附近模拟偏差较大;BCC_CSM1.1(m) 模式对热带太平洋年平均潜热通量趋势的模拟能力一般,造成趋势偏差的主要原因是该模式低估了风速对潜热通量的局地贡献以及它对风速的非局地贡献的模拟存在较大偏差。此外,该模式未能较好地模拟出风速对全球变暖响应。因此,BCC_CSM1.1(m) 模式对热带太平洋年平均潜热通量趋势模拟的改进需加强其对风速模拟的改进。 相似文献
17.
利用1960—2003年NCEP/NCAR再分析和新疆75个气象站月降水资料, 分析了新疆夏季降水与亚洲副热带西风急流的关系, 新疆夏季降水与西亚急流的南北位置和准静止波活动密切联系。通过波作用量的动力学诊断分析, 研究了新疆降水异常年准静止波活动特征, 新疆降水异常年斯堪的纳维亚半岛向东传播的中高纬静止波传播方式的不同, 从而影响沿副热带西亚西风急流传播的静止波活动, 进而影响新疆夏季降水, 并存在沿60°E自南极高纬低层经向上传至低纬对流层顶部, 并在北半球副热带地区转为经向下传至北半球中纬地区的波列, 该波列活动与西亚急流变化联系。 相似文献
18.
As the first leading mode of upper-tropospheric circulation in observations, the meridional displacement of the East Asian westerly jet (EAJ) varies closely with the East Asian rainfall in summer. In this study, the interannual variation of the EAJ meridional displacement and its relationship with the East Asian summer rainfall are evaluated, using the historical simulations of CMIP5 (phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project). The models can generally reproduce the meridional displacement of the EAJ, which is mainly manifested as the first principal mode in most of the simulations. For the relationship between the meridional displacement of the EAJ and East Asian rainfall, almost all the models depict a weaker correlation than observations and exhibit considerably large spread across the models. It is found that the discrepancy in the interannual relationship is closely related to the simulation of the climate mean state, including the climatological location of the westerly jet in Eurasia and rainfall bias in South Asia and the western North Pacific. In addition, a close relationship between the simulation discrepancy and intensity of EAJ variability is also found: the models with a stronger intensity of the EAJ meridional displacement tend to reproduce a closer interannual relationship, and vice versa. 相似文献
19.
利用NCEP/NCAR月平均再分析资料，采用奇异值分解方法分析200 hPa纬向风场与东亚地表加热场的空间耦合变化特征，揭示影响东亚副热带西风急流位置及强度变化的加热关键区域。研究结果表明，冬季西太平洋黑潮暖流区是表面感热、潜热通量场的大值区，其加热强度主要影响东亚副热带西风急流的强度变化，当加热增强（减弱）时，急流加强（减弱）。热带和副热带地区地表加热的反相变化对应纬向风的整体一致变化，且影响关键区在热带地区， 这种耦合分布型主要体现为年代际的变化特征。夏季，海陆感热加热差异主要影响中低纬纬向风的变化，而影响急流位置南北移动的加热关键区位于阿拉伯海及印度半岛北部，这种加热分布体现感热的局地性变化，可能与高原大地形分布有关。由于夏季降水的不均匀性，潜热加热与200 hPa纬向风场的耦合关系较为复杂。通过分析加热异常年的环流形势差异发现，对流层中上层经向温差对地表加热场异常变化的响应是导致高层纬向风变化的原因，这种地面加热变化导致高层温度场及流场的响应可通过热力适应理论得到较好的解释。 相似文献
20.
近30a来北半球对流层大气月均环流的涡动减弱现象 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
利用1980-2009年NCEP／NCAR月平均再分析资料,研究了在全球变暖背景下北半球对流层大气涡动减弱现象。结果表明：北半球涡度拟能30a来整体呈减弱趋势,在北太平洋地区和极地减弱尤为显著,12．5～50°N为影响北半球大气涡动变化的关键区域。由于对流层200hPa以下大气的增暖,特别是中高纬地区显著增暖,减弱了经向温度梯度,使得副热带西风急流的强度亦呈减弱趋势。这与涡度拟能的变化有显著的正相关关系。分析了北半球正压Rossby波动诊断量E和热量经向涡动通量的变化,表明中纬度波能传播在不同地区有不同趋势,而热量的经向涡动输送与涡度拟能的变化也呈现显著的正相关关系,减弱明显。研究结果对深刻认识大气环流变化规律和理解全球变暖的可能影响具有重要意义。 相似文献