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基于多源遥感影像融合的影像匹配技术 总被引：6，自引：4，他引：2
多源遥感影像数据配准,常用的方法是多项式纠正法。此方法简单,但不能有效实现图像之间的相互配准。本文介绍了一种基于影像匹配的图像对图像局部纠正技术,包括影像直方图匹配、特征点提取、影像匹配处理技术,以及图像对图像局部纠正等技术,用于多源数据的配准。实验证明这种流程适合不同时相、不同传感器遥感数据(TM数据、SPOT数据与航空影像数据)的精确配准,配准误差可达到子像元级别。 相似文献
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CCD 几何偏差模型的多波段遥感影像配准 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
多波段光学遥感影像配准是遥感卫星地面预处理中的关键环节,其精度决定了遥感数据产品的质量.一般使用波段间图像灰度相关匹配来实现多波段影像的配准.然而,该类方法的配准精度受地物特征影响较大,海面、港口、沙漠等地物特征不明显存在影像无法配准的现象.本文以北京一号(BJ-1) 小卫星多光谱影像的波段配准为研究对象,建立多波段线阵CCD 各探元在CCD 扫描方向和卫星飞行方向的几何偏差模型,来计算多波段影像间同名像元在图像行和列方向上的位置偏差,进而拟合出一个固定的波段配准模型来实现多波段影像的亚像元配准.该方法已应用于BJ-1 和DMC_UK2 小卫星多光谱影像的地面预处理波段配准中,配准误差小于0.5 像元,具有良好的应用效果. 相似文献
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高分辨率图像辅助提取高光谱图像端元 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
现有的端元提取算法大多是基于凸面单形体假设,对于非单一地物类型,利用这些端元进行丰度反演将会影响混合像元分解精度。本文提出一种利用高分辨率图像判断高光谱像元内是否为同一类型地物的方法。首先,利用图像分割程序对高分辨率图像进行分割,得到光谱均一的斑块矢量图,并叠加到高光谱图像上;然后,通过空间关系分析找出斑块内的高光谱像元,称其为准端元;最后,利用端元提取算法在这些准端元中进行端元提取。实验结果表明,该方法将端元提取结果的误差降低了20%左右。 相似文献
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提出一个在N-FINDR算法基础上结合空间信息进行端元提取的方法,该方法从空间预处理、提取端元候选集、新的体积算法三个方面对N-FINDR方法进行了优化,通过人工模拟数据和实际高光谱数据两种类型三组数据验证改进方法的有效性。实验结果表明,结合空间信息的端元提取方法有效提高了端元提取的准确性,取得更好的效果。但是限于几何模型的假设,寻找最大体积单形体的顶点并不能对所有复杂的数据都有效,容易产生端元光谱混淆的高光谱图像并不能很好的提取所有的纯正端元。 相似文献
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Sentinel-2A与Landsat 8O LI逐像元辐射归一化方法研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
考虑不同传感器光谱响应函数差异及不同地物类型反射率光谱的差异,提出了一种逐像元辐射归一化方法,并以2017年7月17日内蒙古达里诺尔湖地区准同步过境的Sentinel-2A及Landsat 8数据为例,对两类数据可见-近红外波段（VNIR）地表反射率结果进行归一化。首先采用Sen2cor方法及NASA官方提供大气校正算法,分别对Sentinel-2A及Landsat 8 OLI影像进行大气校正并重采样到同一空间分辨率;然后基于光谱库计算匹配因子并构建图像与光谱库之间的匹配转换模型,实现像元尺度上从Sentinel-2影像到Landsat 8影像地表反射率相似波段之间的转换。结果表明,经逐像元归一化的影像相比原始影像及经HLS光谱归一化的影像,与Landsat 8 VNIR波段的相关性明显提高,辐射一致性增强。该转换模型为多源中高分辨率遥感图像高精度辐射归一化提供了新思路。 相似文献
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传统的高光谱端元提取算法一般是在高维的光谱特征空间中进行运算,并且图像的全部像元都参与算法,因此运算量偏大,运算效率较低。提出了一种光谱角特征空间的概念,利用图像的空间信息辅助端元提取。图像的全部像元都可以映射到8维的光谱角特征空间中,样本点在特征空间中距离原点的远近表征了其在图像中的位置是否为地物区块的边缘,利用这点可以对高光谱图像进行空间分割。在分割后的每个子块图像内部只选取少数"最纯"像元参与端元提取算法,从而大大降低了端元提取的计算复杂度。 相似文献
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高光谱遥感图像光谱分辨率高、波谱连续、图谱合一,这为精细地物分类、探测和识别提供了数据基础。然而,由于高光谱遥感图像空间分辨率的局限性及地物场景的复杂分布,混合像元普遍存在于高光谱遥感图像。混合像元是高光谱遥感图像精细信息提取与分析中的难点。解决混合像元问题,实现亚像元级信息的提取与分析是近年来高光谱遥感图像解译的热点和前沿。本文系统梳理了高光谱遥感图像亚像元信息提取的主要研究内容,具体从混合像元分解、亚像元制图及亚像元目标探测3个研究方向综述了经典方法,并对国内外相关方向的研究进展、发展前沿及主要挑战进行了分析与评价,最后分析讨论了高光谱遥感图像亚像元信息提取研究在模型构建、优化求解及与应用结合等方面的研究趋势及方向。 相似文献
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端元提取技术是混合像元分解中重要的步骤之一,传统的端元提取方法仅考虑了像元的光谱信息。本文将数学形态学算子扩展到高光谱空间,并应用到端元提取技术中,可以顾及像元的上下文信息。利用AVIRIS高光谱仿真数据对算法进行了实验验证,结果表明本文算法具有较强的抗噪能力和较高的可靠性。在此基础上,结合徐州地区的EO-1 Hyperion高光谱遥感图像,使用本文算法进行了端元提取应用研究,将实验结果与纯净像元指数、顶点成分分析方法做了对比分析和精度评价,证明本文算法是一种可靠的高光谱遥感图像端元提取技术。 相似文献
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在对太湖、巢湖等大型湖泊进行业务化蓝藻水华遥感监测工作中,常以250 m空间分辨率的MODIS数据为主,但其像元多为水体和水华的混合像元,若用常规方法进行水华面积提取,势必会严重影响水华监测的精度和实际应用效果。针对上述问题,基于混合像元分解原理,通过混合像元分解得到水华组分在混合像元中的丰度(百分比),实现亚像元级的水华面积提取。该方法可直接根据图像的DN值进行水华面积提取,无需对数据进行辐射校正和大气校正等预处理。与常规水华提取法相比,该方法的水华面积提取精度提高了近30%。 相似文献
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Ndr Krishna A K Maji YVN Krishna Murthy BSP Rao 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2001,29(3):107-113
Availability of remote sensing data from earth observation satellites has made it convenient to map and monitor land use/land cover at regional to local scales. A land cover map is very critical for a various planning activities including watershed planning. The spectral and spatial resolutions are major constraints for mapping the crop resources at microlevel. The cropping pattern zones have been mapped using the false color composite, physiography, irrigation and toposheets. The IRS LISS-III data is classified into various categories depending on spectral reflectance from crop canopy and are overlaid on cropping zones map. The re-classified resultant map provides land use/land cover information including dominant cropping systems. The canopy cover is estimated monthly considering the crop calendar for the area. 相似文献
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Cross-sensor calibration between Ikonos and Landsat ETM+ for spectral mixture analysis 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Conghe Song 《Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, IEEE》2004,1(4):272-276
Spectral mixture analysis is an algorithm that is developed to overcome the weakness in traditional land-use/land-cover (LULC) classification where each picture element (pixel) from remote sensing is assigned to one and only one LULC type. In reality, a remotely sensed signal from a pixel is often a spectral mixture from several LULC types. Spectral mixture analysis can derive subpixel proportions for the endmembers from remotely sensed data. However, one frequently faces the problem in determining the spectral signatures for the endmembers. This study provides a cross-sensor calibration algorithm that enables us to obtain the endmember signatures from an Ikonos multispectral image for spectral mixture analysis using Landsat ETM+ images. The calibration algorithm first converts the raw digital numbers from both sensors into at-satellite reflectance. Then, the Ikonos at-satellite reflectance image is degraded to match the spatial resolution of the Landsat ETM+ image. The histograms at the same spatial resolution from the two images are matched, and the signatures from the pure pixels in the Ikonos image are used as the endmember signatures. Validation of the spectral mixture analysis indicates that the simple algorithm works effectively. The algorithm is not limited to Ikonos and Landsat sensors. It is, in general, applicable to spectral mixture analysis where a high spatial resolution sensor and a low spatial resolution sensor with similar spectral resolutions are available as long as images collected by the two sensors are close in time over the same place. 相似文献
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微型凝视高光谱成像仪可以同时获取两个空间维度和一个光谱维度图像,且仅记录整个高光谱图像的外方位元素而不是记录每一帧图像的外方位元素,避免了扫描时的几何不稳定性,有效解决了小型线扫式高光谱成像仪成像几何变形大的问题,适合于姿态不稳定小型无人机负载平台。目前,研究大多集中于线扫式高光谱成像仪辐射校正方法。凝视型高光谱成像仪应用时间较短,国内外没有较为成熟的数据处理研究,阻碍了无人机微型凝视高光谱成像系统的应用。本文研究了无人机载微型凝视高光谱成像仪辐射响应线性度特性和辐射响应变异性的校正方法,并定量评估该方法的有效性。结果表明,辐射响应变异性校正前,高光谱图像存在明显的渐晕效应和条带现象,校正后,不同波段中像元的辐射响应变异系数显著下降,且渐晕效应和图像条带明显减少。本文提出了基于多目标辐射定标方法,并通过比较定标后的高光谱图像光谱与地面光谱仪实测地物光谱来验证辐射定标的精度。结果表明,多目标辐射定标方法的定标结果表现出更好的效果,特别对于近红外波段,与光谱仪实测的地物反射率差异较小。 相似文献
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ZHENG Shunyi YANG Ling SUN Mingwei 《地球空间信息科学学报》2006,9(1):38-44
CLCNUMBERP246.1Introduction CameraCalibrationistheprocessdetermining theintrinsicparameters(i.e.focallengthand principalpoint)ofacamera.Itisanessential stepforbothmotionestimationand3Drecon struction,whicharetwoimportanttasksincom putervision.Itisalsoanim… 相似文献
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This paper focuses on the problem of calibrating a pinhole camera from images of profile of a revolution. In this paper, the symmetry of images of profiles of revolution has been extensively exploited and a practical and accurate technique of camera calibration from profiles alone has been developed. Compared with traditional techniques for camera calibration, for instance, it may involve taking images of some precisely machined calibration pattern (such as a calibration grid), or edge detection for determining vanish points which are often far from images center or even do not physically exist or calculation of fundamental matrix and Kruppa equations which can be numerically unstable, the method presented here uses just profiles of revolution, which are commonly found in daily life (e. g. bowls and vases), to make the process easier as a result of the reduced cost and increased accessibility of the calibration objects. This paper firstly analyzes the relationship between the symmetry property of profile of revolution and the intrinsic parameters of a camera, and then shows how to use images of profile of revolution to provide enough information for determining intrinsic parameters. During the process, high-accurate profile extraction algorithm has also been used. Finally, results from real data are presented, demonstrating the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed methods. 相似文献
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从航空遥感载荷综合验证场的功能需求出发,于2008 年—2009 年设计并研制了一套用于光学遥感载荷几何性能评价、辐射定标、光谱定标的人工靶标,包括三线阵靶标、扇形靶标、辐射特性靶标、MTF靶标、光谱性能评价靶标5类.该套靶标采用可重复使用、可清洗、可拼接的材料,适用于航空遥感高分辨率、灵活机动的特点.为了检验靶标的光学特性能否满足定标要求,2010 年11 月对辐射特性靶标、MTF靶标和光谱特性评价靶标进行了飞行同步光谱测量和BRF测量.野外实验结果表明,该套靶标的光谱平坦性、朗伯性、对比度均符合定标场的要求,可以用于航空传感器定标实验与相关应用. 相似文献
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Glacial mapping using landsat thematic mapper data: A case study in parts of gangotri glacier, NW himalaya 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Glacial mapping is difficult and hazardous because of the remoteness and inaccessibility of the terrain. In this context, remotely-sensed data from satellites provide valuable information on glaciers and the associated landforms. It is important to note that judicious selection of spectral bands is critical in mapping the glacial features. Glacial landforms in parts of Gangotri glacier, NW Himalaya, have been delineated using selected bands of Landsat Thematic Mapper Data. Digital image processing of Landsat data has helped in identifying the major features of the Gangotri glacier such as accumulation and ablation zones, and glacial moraines. The study shows that Thematic Mapper bands 4, 5 and 7 are more useful in snow mapping because of their distinct spectral discriminability in identifying the glacial features. 相似文献
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Shishir Gaur B.R. Chahar Didier Graillot 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2011
A methodology for groundwater evaluation has been developed by the combined use of numerical model and spatial modeling using GIS. The developed methodology has been applied on the sub-basin of the Banganga River, India. Initially, the groundwater potential zones have been delineated by spatial modeling. Different thematic maps of the basin like geology, geomorphology, soil, drainage, slope factor and landuse/landcover have been used to identify the groundwater potential zones. Further, the groundwater flow model for the study area has been developed in the MODFLOW. The groundwater flow vector map has been developed and superimposed on the potential zone map to validate the results of spatial modeling. Finally, the different scenarios have been conceptualized by varying the discharge of the wells and purposing the location for new rainwater harvesting structures. Results reveal that increasing the discharge of the wells in the potential zones put less stress on the aquifer. The suggested locations of rainwater harvesting structures also help to reduce the overall decline of groundwater in the area. The hydrological and spatial modeling presented in this study is highly useful for the evaluation of groundwater resources and for deciding the location of rainwater harvesting structures in semi-arid regions. 相似文献