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1.
多GNSS系统精密单点定位软件的开发 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
当前,全球已步入多GNSS系统融合时代,基于多GNSS系统的PPP测量较单一GPS系统具有更高的定位精度和更强的可靠性。针对多GNSS系统融合PPP数据处理问题,该文采用Matlab平台开发了多GNSS系统PPP解算软件,该软件能够对GPS、BDS、Galileo和QZSS系统进行单一系统或多系统融合PPP解算,并利用MGEX数据网的观测数据与产品对开发的软件进行了测试,实验结果与其他机构公布的定位结果精度相当,表明编制的软件达到了开发要求。该软件具有程序开发环境好、使用方便、兼容QZSS系统等优点。 相似文献
2.
全球导航卫星系统(GNSS)已发展至多频多系统时代,特别以我国北斗卫星导航系统(BDS)为代表的四大全球导航卫星系统可全天时、全天候播发十几个频率的伪距、相位和多普勒等观测信息。多频多系统GNSS为用户提供更多的观测数据和组合选择,为精密定位、导航和授时(PNT)应用带来了新的机遇,如高精度位置服务、大地测量、空间天气和灾害监测等。但多频多系统GNSS观测为精密单点定位(PPP)组合模型和系统偏差及大气延迟估计等带来诸多问题和挑战。本文给出了单频到五频多系统GNSS精密单点定位(PPP)模型,估计和评估了单频到五频多系统GNSS PPP定位精度、接收机钟差、对流层延迟、卫星和接收机硬件延迟,以及频间偏差。给出了GNSS PPP最新应用进展,包括GNSS气象学、电离层模拟、时间频率传递、建筑物安全和地震监测及其应用。结果表明,多频多系统极大地提高了GNSS PPP参数估计的精度和可靠性,具有重要的应用价值。最后给出了多频多系统GNSS PPP应用前景与展望。 相似文献
3.
对基于历元间差分相位和非差伪距观测值的混合差分卫星钟差估计方法进行了改进,实现了多模全球导航卫星系统（Global Navigation Satellite System,GNSS）卫星钟差联合快速估计。选择了全球分布的50个跟踪站进行实验,对卫星钟差精度进行了分析和精密单点定位（Precise Point Positioning,PPP）验证。结果表明:多模卫星钟差与武汉大学提供的最终精密卫星钟差互差优于0.2 ns,精密单点定位结果与武汉大学发布的最终精密卫星轨道和钟差产品的定位精度相当。 相似文献
4.
PPP/PPP-RTK新进展与北斗/GNSS PPP定位性能比较 总被引：9，自引：7，他引：9
首先简要回顾了精密单点定位（PPP）技术在最近几年的发展现状,重点总结了高采样率钟差实时快速估计、多系统组合PPP模糊度固定、多频GNSS PPP模型及其模糊度固定、PPP快速初始化、PPP-RTK等若干热点方向的最新研究进展。在此基础上,利用目前四大卫星导航系统（GPS、GLONASS、Galileo、北斗）最新的实际观测数据,全面比较分析了各系统及多系统组合PPP定位性能,重点给出了北斗二号+北斗三号PPP浮点解和固定解的定位精度、收敛时间和首次固定时间。结果表明：我国北斗导航卫星系统已经可以实现与其他导航卫星系统基本相当的PPP定位性能。北斗二号+北斗三号组合PPP的收敛时间/首次固定时间20~30 min;静态解的东、北、天方向定位精度在毫米到厘米级;动态解水平方向约5 cm,高程方向约7 cm;多系统组合可显著提高PPP定位精度、收敛时间和首次固定时间：固定解定位精度比浮点解在东、北、天方向分别提升了14.8%、12.0%和12.8%;相比单GPS,多系统组合PPP浮点解的收敛时间和固定解首次固定时间分别缩短了36.5%和40.4%。 相似文献
5.
Single-frequency precise point positioning (SF-PPP) is a potential precise positioning technique due to the advantages of the high accuracy in positioning after convergence and the low cost in operation. However, there are still challenges limiting its applications at present, such as the long convergence time, the low reliability, and the poor satellite availability and continuity in kinematic applications. In recent years, the achievements in the dual-frequency PPP have confirmed that its performance can be significantly enhanced by employing the slant ionospheric delay and receiver differential code bias (DCB) constraint model, and the multi-constellation Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) data. Accordingly, we introduce the slant ionospheric delay and receiver DCB constraint model, and the multi-GNSS data in SF-PPP modular together. In order to further overcome the drawbacks of SF-PPP in terms of reliability, continuity, and accuracy in the signal easily blocking environments, the inertial measurements are also adopted in this paper. Finally, we form a new approach to tightly integrate the multi-GNSS single-frequency observations and inertial measurements together to ameliorate the performance of the ionospheric delay and receiver DCB-constrained SF-PPP. In such model, the inter-system bias between each two GNSS systems, the inter-frequency bias between each two GLONASS frequencies, the hardware errors of the inertial sensors, the slant ionospheric delays of each user-satellite pair, and the receiver DCB are estimated together with other parameters in a unique Kalman filter. To demonstrate its performance, the multi-GNSS and low-cost inertial data from a land-borne experiment are analyzed. The results indicate that visible positioning improvements in terms of accuracy, continuity, and reliability can be achieved in both open-sky and complex conditions while using the proposed model in this study compared to the conventional GPS SF-PPP. 相似文献
6.
High accurate global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) require to correct a signal delay caused by the troposphere. The delay can be estimated along with other unknowns or introduced from external models. We assess the impact of the recently developed augmentation tropospheric model on real-time kinematic precise point positioning (PPP). The model is based on numerical weather forecast and thus reflects the actual state of weather conditions. Using the G-Nut/Geb software, we processed GNSS and meteorological data collected during the experiment using a hot-air balloon flying up to an altitude of 2000 m. We studied the impacts of random walk noise setting of zenith total delay (ZTD) on estimated parameters and the mutual correlations, the use of external tropospheric corrections, the use of data from a single or dual GNSS constellation and the use of Kalman filter and backward smoothing processing methods. We observed a significant negative correlation of the estimated rover height and ZTD which depends on constraining ZTD estimates. Such correlation caused a degraded performance of both parameters when estimated simultaneously, in particular for a single GNSS constellation. The impact of ZTD constraining reached up to 50-cm differences in the rover height. Introducing external tropospheric corrections improved the PPP solution regarding: (1) shortened convergence, (2) better overall robustness, particularly, in case of degraded satellite geometry, (3) less adjusted parameters with lower correlations. The numerical weather model-driven PPP resulted in 9–12- and 5–6-cm uncertainties in the rover altitude using the Kalman filter and the backward smoothing, respectively. Compared to standard PPP, it indicates better performance by a factor of 1–2 depending on the availability of GNSS constellations, the troposphere constraining and the processing strategy. 相似文献
7.
随着大众市场对高精度定位需求增加,基于低成本小型化设备的全球卫星导航系统(GNSS)高精度定位成为研究热点之一. 本文以低成本多系统GNSS接收机μ-blox M8P型号为例,分析其观测数据质量,研究其伪距单点定位和单频载波相对定位的定位性能和特点,为低成本GNSS接收机高精度定位应用提供参考. 实验结果表明,与测量型接收机相比,μ-blox输出GNSS观测值的载噪比略小,伪距和载波相位的测量噪声较大. 静态模式下,μ-blox的单频载波相对定位(基线长度约为430 m)可以提供厘米级的定位精度;城市环境动态模式下,其单频载波相对定位可提供亚米级至米级的定位精度. 信号受限环境下,GPS／GLONASS双系统能够提供更稳定的定位结果. 相似文献
8.
北斗三号卫星导航系统（BeiDou-3 navigation satellite system,BDS-3）全球组网工作全面建成,标志着BDS-3迈入全球定位、导航和授时服务的新时代。为了全面比较BDS-3系统与其余全球导航卫星系统（global navigation satellite system,GNSS）非组合精密单点定位（precise point positioning,PPP）性能,重点分析不同分析中心BDS-3精密轨道和钟差产品的一致性、BDS-3/GNSS卫星可用性、BDS-3/GNSS单系统及多系统融合PPP定位性能。结果表明,基于5个分析中心的精密轨道和钟差产品,BDS-3静态PPP三维均方根误差约为2.31~4.00 cm,其单系统收敛时间明显慢于其余GNSS系统,GPS系统的加入对BDS-3/GNSS双系统融合PPP改善效果最为明显,且四系统融合能够有效地缩短收敛时间,并提高动态PPP定位精度。随着BDS-3系统的发展以及轨道和钟差产品的进一步完善,BDS-3同样具备其余GNSS系统提供优质导航定位服务的潜力。 相似文献
9.
BeiDou、Galileo、GLONASS、GPS多系统融合精密单点 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
随着中国BeiDou系统与欧盟Galileo系统的出现以及俄罗斯GLONASS系统的恢复完善,过去单一的GPS导航卫星系统时代已经逐步过渡为多系统并存且相互兼容的全球性卫星导航系统(multi-constellation global navigation satellite systems,multi-GNSS)时代,多系统GNSS融合精密定位将成为未来GNSS精密定位技术的发展趋势。本文采用GPS、GLONASS、BeiDou、Galileo 4大卫星导航定位系统融合的精密单点定位(precise point positioning,PPP)实测数据,初步研究并分析了4系统融合PPP的定位性能。试验结果表明:在单系统观测几何构型不理想的区域,多系统融合能显著提高PPP的定位精度和收敛速度。4大系统融合的PPP收敛速度相对于单GNSS可提高30%~50%,定位精度可提高10%~30%,特别是对高程方向的贡献更为明显。此外,在卫星截止高度角大于30°的观测环境下,单系统由于可见卫星数不足导致无法连续定位,而多系统融合仍然可以获得PPP定位结果,尤其是水平方向具有较高的定位精度。这对于山区、城市以及遮挡严重的区域具有非常重要的应用价值。 相似文献
10.
实时GNSS精密单点定位(PPP)技术必须使用实时的高精度卫星精密轨道和钟差。本文研究了精密卫星钟差融合解算模型及策略,并利用滤波算法实现了北斗/GPS实时精密卫星钟差融合估计算法。仿真实时试验结果显示:获得的北斗/GPS实时钟差与GFZ事后多GNSS精密钟差(GBM)的标准差在0.15 ns左右;使用该钟差进行GPS动态PPP试验,收敛后水平精度优于5 cm,高程精度优于10 cm;使用仿真实时钟差进行的北斗动态PPP与使用GFZ事后多GNSS精密钟差开展的试验相比精度相当,可实现分米级定位。 相似文献
11.
多系统全球卫星导航系统(GNSS)的出现为天基增强系统(SBAS)电离层格网模型的性能提升提供了可能,但多系统GNSS测量对电离层格网模型性能提升是有条件的. 为此,利用中国区域GPS观测模拟分析了多系统GNSS测量对中国区域电离层格网模型可用性的影响. 结果表明:多系统GNSS测量可有效提高电离层格网模型的覆盖范围. 中国南方地区存在低纬赤道电离异常(EIA)现象,严重影响SBAS电离层格网模型实现性能,单纯增加GNSS测量不能有效应对低纬电离异常现象影响. 中国北方地区电离层延迟变化平缓,在多系统GNSS测量情况下可以考虑减少地面监测站数量,仍能保持系统原有性能. 相似文献
12.
Currently, the GNSS computing modes are of two classes: network-based data processing and user receiver-based processing. A GNSS reference receiver station essentially contributes raw measurement data in either the RINEX file format or as real-time data streams in the RTCM format. Very little computation is carried out by the reference station. The existing network-based processing modes, regardless of whether they are executed in real-time or post-processed modes, are centralised or sequential. This paper describes a distributed GNSS computing framework that incorporates three GNSS modes: reference station-based, user receiver-based and network-based data processing. Raw data streams from each GNSS reference receiver station are processed in a distributed manner, i.e., either at the station itself or at a hosting data server/processor, to generate station-based solutions, or reference receiver-specific parameters. These may include precise receiver clock, zenith tropospheric delay, differential code biases, ambiguity parameters, ionospheric delays, as well as line-of-sight information such as azimuth and elevation angles. Covariance information for estimated parameters may also be optionally provided. In such a mode the nearby precise point positioning (PPP) or real-time kinematic (RTK) users can directly use the corrections from all or some of the stations for real-time precise positioning via a data server. At the user receiver, PPP and RTK techniques are unified under the same observation models, and the distinction is how the user receiver software deals with corrections from the reference station solutions and the ambiguity estimation in the observation equations. Numerical tests demonstrate good convergence behaviour for differential code bias and ambiguity estimates derived individually with single reference stations. With station-based solutions from three reference stations within distances of 22–103 km the user receiver positioning results, with various schemes, show an accuracy improvement of the proposed station-augmented PPP and ambiguity-fixed PPP solutions with respect to the standard float PPP solutions without station augmentation and ambiguity resolutions. Overall, the proposed reference station-based GNSS computing mode can support PPP and RTK positioning services as a simpler alternative to the existing network-based RTK or regionally augmented PPP systems. 相似文献
13.
针对精密单点定位(PPP)在定位过程中受多种因素的影响,该文提出了通过分析数据处理过程中所涉及参数的具体含义,设计了典型对比实验,研究不同产品类型和数据处理策略对PPP收敛精度的影响。对测站的单天解分别从默认参数、自定义参数实验确定精密单点定位的精度。结果表明,改变观测值加权策略改正定位结果精度3.61mm;改变估计器精度2.44mm;改变接收机天线改正精度2.92mm;改变潮汐改正精度7.98mm。由实验结果可得出,固体潮改正在进行定位时结果比其他处理策略影响更大,其定位精度基本在厘米级。实验以PANDA软件为平台,通过改变PANDA软件的默认参数设置,采用控制变量法进行实验,研究结果对高精度GNSS数据处理具有重要意义。 相似文献
14.
针对GNSS多系统组合进行PPP定位的问题,推导了基于UofC模型的多系统组合PPP的函数模型和随机模型。最后采用IGS观测站30 d的部分观测数据对不同组合模式的PPP进行了解算。试验分析结果表明：GNSS多系统组合PPP收敛时间与GPS单系统相比可以缩短30%~50%。对于定位精度,在观测时长较短时（如0.5 h）,GNSS多系统组合PPP整体上具有较优的定位精度,N、E方向偏差和标准差分别为0.3、0.5 cm和1.9、4.3 cm,短时间内由于对流层参数与垂直方向的强相关性,使得U方向精度稍差。此外,在卫星高度截止角大于40°的条件下,单系统可见卫星数不足从而导致无法进行连续定位,但多系统组合具有更多的可视卫星,仍能获得较好的定位精度,使其在建筑物密集区、山区和卫星遮挡较为严重的恶劣条件下具有实际应用价值。 相似文献
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16.
全球导航卫星系统（GNSS）参考网多用于估计卫星轨道/钟差、监测地表形变和速度场、确定精密地球自转参数等方面。相关数据处理模式包括：双差基线解（DD）和非差精密单点定位（PPP）等。本文首先从GNSS基本观测方程出发,通过选取两组基准参数,导出了上述两模式下的列满秩观测方程,然后分析了它们的不足,例如：相位偏差在DD模式中吸收了钟差,丧失了时不变特性;模糊度在PPP模式中吸收了相位偏差,失去了整数性。基于上述分析,本文提出了一种新的参考网数据处理方案,以充分融合DD和PPP模式的优势。它的关键策略是精选基准参数,以达到消秩亏的目的,具体优点体现在：相位偏差独立可估,若合理约束为时不变参数,可充分减少参数个数,提高网解精度;待估模糊度具备整周特性,经由模糊度固定,可改善网解可靠性。 相似文献
17.
GNSS增强系统中精密实时钟差高频估计及应用研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
GNSS星基差分增强系统依赖于实时轨道及钟差增强信息。本文主要研究多GNSS实时精密钟差估计模型,在传统非差基础上优化待估参数,实现了一种高效的Multi-GNSS实时钟差简化估计模型。基于PANDA软件开展了实时轨道数据处理与分析,经过验证可获得的GPS/北斗MEO/Galileo实时轨道径向精度1~5cm,北斗GEO/IGSO卫星径向精度约10cm。分析发现本文优化的实时钟差简化估计模型单历元解算效率较高,可应用于实时钟差增强信息高频(如1Hz)更新,且解算获得的实时钟差不存在常偏为绝对钟差;基于实时轨道,通过该模型可获得实时钟差精度GPS约0.22ns,北斗GEO约0.50ns、IGSO/MEO约0.24ns,Galileo约0.32ns。在此基础上,利用目前所获取的MultiGNSS实时数据流搭建了Multi-GNSS全球实时增强原型系统,并基于互联网实时播发增强信息,可初步实现实时PPP厘米级服务、伪距米级导航定位服务。 相似文献
18.
随着北斗三号完成全球组网以及硬件技术发展,地壳形变监测网络的全球导航卫星系统（global navigation satellite system, GNSS）接收机正朝着多系统、超高频（≥50 Hz）更新升级。基于陆态网络和中国青海省连续运行参考站的GNSS观测数据,获取2021年青海玛多Mw 7.4地震的同震位移波,并进行了震前精度统计和功率谱密度分析。结果表明,北斗三号在本次地震中的位移拾取精度比全球定位系统(global positioning system,GPS)更优;采样率提高到50 Hz对削弱位移时间序列混叠效应作用不显著,在10 Hz左右达到饱和;对50 Hz同震位移波差分获取到的速度和加速度序列噪声较大,难以利用。综合应用场景和成本考虑,GNSS地震监测的采样率最高设置在5~10 Hz即可。 相似文献
19.
Xiaopeng Gong Shengfeng Gu Yidong Lou Fu Zheng Maorong Ge Jingnan Liu 《Journal of Geodesy》2018,92(7):797-809
Global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) are acting as an indispensable tool for geodetic research and global monitoring of the Earth, and they have been rapidly developed over the past few years with abundant GNSS networks, modern constellations, and significant improvement in mathematic models of data processing. However, due to the increasing number of satellites and stations, the computational efficiency becomes a key issue and it could hamper the further development of GNSS applications. In this contribution, this problem is overcome from the aspects of both dense linear algebra algorithms and GNSS processing strategy. First, in order to fully explore the power of modern microprocessors, the square root information filter solution based on the blocked QR factorization employing as many matrix–matrix operations as possible is introduced. In addition, the algorithm complexity of GNSS data processing is further decreased by centralizing the carrier-phase observations and ambiguity parameters, as well as performing the real-time ambiguity resolution and elimination. Based on the QR factorization of the simulated matrix, we can conclude that compared to unblocked QR factorization, the blocked QR factorization can greatly improve processing efficiency with a magnitude of nearly two orders on a personal computer with four 3.30 GHz cores. Then, with 82 globally distributed stations, the processing efficiency is further validated in multi-GNSS (GPS/BDS/Galileo) satellite clock estimation. The results suggest that it will take about 31.38 s per epoch for the unblocked method. While, without any loss of accuracy, it only takes 0.50 and 0.31 s for our new algorithm per epoch for float and fixed clock solutions, respectively. 相似文献
20.
智能驾驶、精密农业和无人机等新兴行业要求全球导航卫星系统(GNSS)提供更加快速、准确的导航定位服务。非差非组合PPP-RTK融合了精密单点定位(PPP)和实时动态定位(RTK)两者的优势,能灵活处理多频多模数据并实现区域广覆盖的快速高精度定位。然而,PPP-RTK仍处于技术研发阶段,产业化应用尚未完全成型。本文从理论到实践,构建了码分多址和频分多址非差非组合PPP-RTK模型,开发了相应的实时解算软件,并研制了一款终端样机。基于平均站间距为154 km的京津冀参考网估计的精密改正产品,将终端样机分别搭载在无人机、农机和跑车上,开展了实时动态定位试验。试验结果表明,PPP-RTK终端样机在3个场景下的模糊度首次固定时间分别为5、2和7 s,模糊度固定成功率分别为99.79%、99.14%和98.96%,水平和高程定位精度分别在1 cm和4 cm左右。试验结果证明了自研PPP-RTK终端样机能提供连续、可靠、高精度的定位服务。 相似文献