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波阻抗约束反演的几种方法 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
介绍三种理论与实际效果比较好的波阻抗反演方法,即宽带约束反演(BCI)、快速模拟退火算法(FSA)和正则化方法。BCI是一种线性迭代方法,FSA是一种具有全局寻优特点的随机搜索方法,正则化方法是通过对目标函数施加先验约束,来解决反演的病态问题———多解性和不稳定性。最后,使用正则化方法并结合快速模拟退火算法,进行了理论模型试算和实际资料处理,实用效果比较好。 相似文献
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Qiang Guo Hongbing Zhang Jingbo Tian Lifeng Liang Zuoping Shang 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2018,11(3):48
Multiparameter prestack seismic inversion is one of the most powerful techniques in quantitatively estimating subsurface petrophysical properties. However, it remains a challenging problem due to the nonlinearity and ill-posedness of the inversion process. Traditional regularization approach can stabilize the solution but at the cost of smoothing valuable geological boundaries. In addition, compared with linearized optimization methods, global optimization techniques can obtain better results regardless of initial models, especially for multiparameter prestack inversion. However, when solving multiparameter prestack inversion problems, the application of standard global optimization algorithms maybe limited due to the issue of high computational cost (e.g., simulating annealing) or premature convergence (e.g., particle swarm optimization). In this paper, we propose a hybrid optimization-based multiparameter prestack inversion method. In this method, we introduce a prior constraint term featured by multiple regularization functions, intended to preserve layered boundaries of geological formations; in particular, to address the problem of premature convergence existing in standard particle swarm optimization algorithm, we propose a hybrid optimization strategy by hybridizing particle swarm optimization and very fast simulating annealing to solve the nonlinear optimization problem. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed inversion method by conducting synthetic test and field data application, both of which show encouraging results. 相似文献
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The resolution of self-potential anomalies due to closely spaced multiple sheet-like bodies by the potential difference and potential gradient is studied in this paper. Self-potential anomalies due to several synthetic models were inverted through a very fast simulated annealing (VFSA) global optimization. Increase in depth to the top, polarization constant and depth extent of the body decreases resolution at a particular target separation. It has been observed that depth to the top and separation between two targets play an important role in the resolution. Vertical sheets at equal depth can be resolved in the potential difference measurement only if they are separated by at least four times their depth, while they can be resolved in the gradient method, if they are separated by twice the depth. Resolution using potential difference becomes more difficult for dipping sheets, although the potential gradient method can resolve them efficiently. Efficacy of potential gradient data in the inversion is demonstrated in the study using synthetic data as well as field measurement from South Purulia Shear Zone related with uranium investigation. 相似文献
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《地学前缘(英文版)》2015,6(6)
A very fast simulated annealing(VFSA) global optimization is used to interpret residual gravity anomaly.Since,VFSA optimization yields a large number of best-fitted models in a vast model space;the nature of uncertainty in the interpretation is also examined simultaneously in the present study.The results of VFSA optimization reveal that various parameters show a number of equivalent solutions when shape of the target body is not known and shape factor 'q' is also optimized together with other model parameters.The study reveals that amplitude coefficient k is strongly dependent on shape factor.This shows that there is a multi-model type uncertainty between these two model parameters derived from the analysis of cross-plots.However,the appraised values of shape factor from various VFSA runs clearly indicate whether the subsurface structure is sphere,horizontal or vertical cylinder type structure.Accordingly,the exact shape factor(1.5 for sphere,1.0 for horizontal cylinder and 0.5 for vertical cylinder)is fixed and optimization process is repeated.After fixing the shape factor,analysis of uncertainty and cross-plots shows a well-defined uni-model characteristic.The mean model computed after fixing the shape factor gives the utmost consistent results.Inversion of noise-free and noisy synthetic data as well as field data demonstrates the efficacy of the approach. 相似文献
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利用模拟退火反演过程中废弃的随机搜索的模型解信息, 建立起目标函数的二阶趋势面, 根据趋势面的分析结果预测和指导模拟退火的搜索方向, 使模拟退火法快速地收敛到全局最优解.数值试验证明, 这种方法比传统模拟退火法的计算效率高出十倍以上. 相似文献
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发育垂直定向排列裂缝的地下岩石可等效为具有水平对称轴的横向各向同性（horizontal transverse isotropic,HTI）介质。针对HTI介质模型,本文研究了裂缝型储层的各向异性参数地震振幅随方位角变化（amplitude variations with azimuth,AVAZ）的反演方法。首先,在地震AVAZ反演流程中,提出采用模拟退火粒子群优化算法实现裂缝型储层各向异性参数反演。之后,通过理论模型测试,验证了基于模拟退火粒子群优化算法的地震AVAZ反演的有效性。最后,将反演方法应用于四川盆地龙马溪组页岩气储层实际方位地震数据;在反演之前先利用傅里叶级数方法估计裂缝方位并对实际数据进行方位校正,以提供更准确的输入数据;通过计算得到的P波、S波各向异性参数可用于评价裂缝发育程度。反演结果表明,研究区域构造顶部裂缝较发育,与地质基本理论一致,验证了反演方法的合理性。 相似文献
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W. Bangerth H. Klie M. F. Wheeler P. L. Stoffa M. K. Sen 《Computational Geosciences》2006,10(3):303-319
Determining optimal locations and operation parameters for wells in oil and gas reservoirs has a potentially high economic impact. Finding these optima depends on a complex combination of geological, petrophysical, flow regimen, and economical parameters that are hard to grasp intuitively. On the other hand, automatic approaches have in the past been hampered by the overwhelming computational cost of running thousands of potential cases using reservoir simulators, given that each of these runs can take on the order of hours. Therefore, the key issue to such automatic optimization is the development of algorithms that find good solutions with a minimum number of function evaluations. In this work, we compare and analyze the efficiency, effectiveness, and reliability of several optimization algorithms for the well placement problem. In particular, we consider the simultaneous perturbation stochastic approximation (SPSA), finite difference gradient (FDG), and very fast simulated annealing (VFSA) algorithms. None of these algorithms guarantees to find the optimal solution, but we show that both SPSA and VFSA are very efficient in finding nearly optimal solutions with a high probability. We illustrate this with a set of numerical experiments based on real data for single and multiple well placement problems. 相似文献
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评地球物理反演的发展趋向 总被引：19，自引：0，他引：19
自 2 0世纪 70年代以来 ,地球物理反演方法已走向成熟 ,这些方法包括地震走时反演与波场反演、层析成像反演、线性化迭代反演、仿真淬火法反演、遗传算法及联合反演方法等。地震反演的目标不仅仅是波速模型 ,而且是地球内部的精细组构和动力学过程 ,并向密度、各向异性及粘度等更多参数成像发展。波动方程线性化迭代反演基于开放物理系统状态发生相变的原理 ,要进一步改善模型参数化的技术和迭代过程的自组织 ;仿真淬火法与遗传算法基于自然过程的指数率或生物演化的优生率 ,可以相互结合以提高解估计的分辨率与置信度 ;联合反演要结合岩石物理性质的统计规律 ,才能取得兼容地质与综合方法的应用效果。地球动力学中的反问题不仅涉及偏微分方程系数项的求解 ,而且涉及初始条件或初始边界的求解 ,对地球动力学作用过程研究特别重要。 相似文献
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Tilt-depth方法是一种可以快速反演磁源上顶深度的新兴方法。二维、三维模型试验表明,tiltdepth法反演误差与地质体的上顶埋深、厚度及水平尺度均有关,同时叠加异常也会对反演结果产生影响。实例中,将tilt-depth法应用于广东省下庄矿田航磁数据反演中,tilt梯度图上展示出了两条明显的近东西走向条带异常,推断为浅部基性辉绿岩脉在深部汇聚形成,并反演了两条高磁异常带上11个位置的磁源上顶埋深。反演结果揭示了下庄矿区内北侧高磁性体深度较浅,且具有南浅北深的构造特征,而南侧高磁性体规模较大,且埋深较厚,为该区深部矿产勘查提供了有利依据。 相似文献
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实际中的大量地球物理反演都是一个多参数、非线性优化问题,以往的局部方法只是利用有限的信息来改进初始模型,因此对初始模型有很大的依赖性,难以得到全局最优解。针对这一问题,本文选择全局反演方法中的模拟退火和单纯形的组合算法,改进了模拟退火和单纯形算法的匹配技术,并将它引入到电阻成像反演问题中。 相似文献
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Performance studies on six heuristic global optimization methods in the location of critical slip surface 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
Recently, many heuristic global optimization algorithms have evolved with success for treating various types of problems. Majority of these algorithms have not been applied to slope stability problem for which the presence of soft band and convergence problem (discontinuity of the objective function) may create difficulties in the minimization process. In this paper, six heuristic optimization algorithms are applied to some simple and complicated slopes. The effectiveness and efficiency of these algorithms under different cases are evaluated, and it is found that no single method can outperform all the other methods under all cases, as different method has different behavior in different types of problems. For normal cases, the particle swarm method appears to be effective and efficient over various conditions, and this method is recommended to be used. For special cases where the objective function is highly discontinuous, the simulated annealing method appears to be a more stable solution. 相似文献
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水文频率分析在参数估计过程中常采用智能优化适线法,如蚁群算法、遗传算法、粒子群算法、模拟退火算法等,但这些算法模型参数难以有效确定,导致寻优结果存在不稳定的不足。为了克服传统优化适线法的缺陷,在系统阐述群居蜘蛛优化算法基本原理的基础上,将群居蜘蛛优化算法用于水文频率曲线的参数确定中,并与传统的参数估计方法(矩法、权函数法、概率权重矩法、遗传算法)加以比较。实例结果表明,该方法搜索效率高,寻优结果稳定,能较好获得参数的最优解。 相似文献
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模拟退火优化算法的冻土热传导参数反分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
土体热参数是寒区工程温度场预测和稳定性分析至关重要的参数。根据冻土温度场计算的特点,建立冻土一维相变热参数估计模型,采用非线性有限元法得到土体温度场,基于一种非常快速的模拟退火（VFSA）算法对热参数进行反分析。考虑各个参数的敏感度因子和土体分层情况,将热参数分组、分步进行反演,克服参数较多反演困难的缺陷。以青藏公路多年冻土区监测断面下土体反分析为例,反演分析冻土路基下部不同土层的导热系数、体积热容量和孔隙率等参数。最后,运用参数反演结果对温度场进行预测,经检验和与实测地温对比,表明参数反分析结果可靠,有较高的精度,该方法可用于实际工程。 相似文献
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地下水管理模型求解方法的研究是目前地下水管理领域的热点问题。本文从地下水管理模型传统优化算法和现代智能优化算法等方面进行了评述,着重讨论了目前应用较广泛的求解非线性地下水系统的优化算法,如遗传算法、模拟退火算法、人工神经网络算法等;阐述了地下水监测网优化设计研究以及多目标地下水管理模型的求解方法。最后指出应加强地下水动态规划管理模型和地下水系统随机管理模型的求解技术的研究。 相似文献
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实际中的测井参数反演是一个多参数、非线性优化问题,所采用的目标函数,即度量由参数化的理论模型得出的预测值与观测值的吻合程度,往往存在多解的现象。针对这种状况我们提出了模拟退火与变尺度综合反演方法用于参数计算,经过实际试算证明该方法效果很好。 相似文献
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地震反演与非线性随机优化方法 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：7
地震反演问题常常需要一些非线性全局最优化的方法。近年来，基于生物学、物理学、人工智能和一些非线性科学而发展了一些具有全局优化性能且通用性强的随机搜索算法，如：遗传算法、模拟退火、禁忌搜索和混沌搜索等。作者主要针对地震勘探反演问题的应用综述了这四种非线性随机优化方法的原理和特点，并对它们的性能作了一定的分析和比较。 相似文献
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