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1.
The interface between environmentalism and neoliberalism in industrialised nations is dynamic and evolving with each of these significant socio-political movements exerting influence on the other. In the context of Australian environmental policy, ideas of heritage, sense of place and belonging are increasingly invoked to support the current policy emphasis on the role of regional communities for realising goals for land and water conservation and environmental restoration. To explore the broader meaning and consequences of these developments, we focus on the manner in which ideas of heritage are employed and evoked within the Murray–Darling Outreach Project, a collaboration between the Murray–Darling Basin Commission, a key natural resource management agency, and the National Museum of Australia. The Murray–Darling Outreach Project has the aim of increasing community involvement in local environmental issues by promoting ideas of vernacular heritage. 相似文献
2.
《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2023,134(4):375-387
This paper introduces the Special Issue of the Proceedings of the Geologists' Association on ‘Valuing the Quaternary – Nature Conservation and Geoheritage’, arising from the International Union for Quaternary Research (INQUA) Congress in Dublin, in July 2019. It presents an overview of the values of Quaternary geoheritage, which merit recognition as an integral part of nature conservation, to protect priority sites and features for scientific research and education, and to deliver wider ecological, cultural and aesthetic benefits. The paper highlights the benefits of incorporating knowledge and understanding of Quaternary geoheritage for nature conservation and society. Palaeoenvironmental, palaeoecological and palaeobiological archives are a key source of ecological and environmental data that allow learning from the past to help address contemporary conservation challenges such as biodiversity loss, anthropogenic pressures and climate change. Quaternary science plays a vital part in supporting the wider nature conservation agenda, including strengthening the role of protected and conserved areas in the sustainable management of natural capital and ecosystem services, climate change adaptation, marine conservation, nature restoration and recovery, connecting people and nature and informing nature-based solutions to threats faced by society. However, challenges remain to achieve protection of key geoheritage sites and landscapes globally, and to integrate better understanding of geodiversity in nature conservation research, policy development and practice to help address the twin crises facing nature conservation – biodiversity loss and climate change. Quaternary studies provide temporal and spatial perspectives to inform forward-looking nature conservation that is dynamic rather than static in outlook. 相似文献
3.
江汉盆地第四纪地质研究现状 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
从第四纪地层、环境、构造活动、现代湖群成因等方面,介绍了江汉盆地第四纪地质研究现状。针对江汉盆地及其周缘地区已分别建立了覆盖区和露头区第四纪地层系统,其中覆盖区第四系下限年龄达3 Ma左右。不同研究者对第四纪气候与环境演化的认识存在程度不一的差异。基于江汉盆地周老镇钻孔第四纪沉积的砾石特征、重矿物组成及磁学特征的研究表明,长江贯通三峡的时间为1.1 Ma左右。对盆地构造活动存在断陷、坳陷以及其他不同观点。对全新世暨近现代区域主压应力有NE-NNE向和NW向2种不同认识。对于现代湖泊或湖群的成因,或强调非构造因素,或强调构造因素,或认为构造与非构造因素均起到重要作用。最后提出江汉盆地第四纪地质今后研究的主要内容是第四纪气候与环境演化、盆地凹陷区边缘第四系厚度变化特征、覆盖区晚更新世-全新世沉积物的精细调查以及现代江汉盆地升降特征的GPS监测。 相似文献
4.
周口店第四纪地质与环境变迁研究进展与展望 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
本文综述了周口店地区80多年来在第四纪地质、古人类、考古及环境研究方面的成果和重要进展,简要地展望了今后的工作。在过去的80多年中,在周口店发现了丰富的直立人、早期智人和晚期智人化石以及大量的旧石器;建立了较为完整的第四纪地层层序;发现了早更新世的古冰楔,并命名为太平山冰缘期;第1地点记录了中更新世三次明显的气候冷暖波动。今后应注意早更新世新地点寻找,人类的进化及"北京人"的社会行为研究,环境标志及环境事件的细致研究,生物-气候事件的对比研究,建立周口店的生物-气候事件地层序列。 相似文献
5.
过去五年间,INQUA成员对参加全球变化研究的呼吁做出了积极的响应。全球变化研究旨在理解地球岩石圈与生物圈相互作用的动力学过程。通过运用不同学科对全球不同地区进行研究,INQUA目前正成为IGBP计划的主要参与者,因为不同学科间的交叉有助于我们完整地理解第四纪时期全球水分平衡、气候波动、大气成分、大洋环流和生物过程间的相互关系。 相似文献
6.
The Kalahari region has become a major source of Quaternary palaeoenvironmental data derived primarily from the analysis of geomorphological proxies of environmental change. One suite of data, from palaeolacustrine landforms, has recently provided a new record of major hydrological changes in the last 150 ka [Burrough, S. L., Thomas, D. S. G., Bailey, R. M., 2009. Mega-Lake in the Kalahari: A Late Pleistocene record of the Palaeolake Makgadikgadi system. Quaternary Science Reviews, in press.]. Here we present an improved analysis of the drivers and feedbacks of lake level change, utilising information from three main sources: data from the lake system itself, from analyses of other late Quaternary records within the region and from climate modelling. Simulations using the Hadley Centre coupled climate model, HadCM3, suggest that once triggered, the lake body was large enough to potentially affect both local and regional climates. Surface waters and their interactions with the climate are therefore an important component of environmental dynamics during the late Quaternary. Through its capacity to couple Middle Kalahari environments to distant forcing mechanisms and to itself force environmental change, we demonstrate that the existence or absence of megalake Makgadikgadi adds a new level of complexity to the interpretations of environmental proxy records in southern Africa's summer rainfall zone. 相似文献
7.
根据沉积分析和ESR、OSL1、4C测年数据,对阿拉克湖地区第四纪地层进行了详细的成因划分和时间约束,为第四纪以来高原隆升重大事件及其引起的环境演变提供了重要的时代依据;根据沉积特征和孢粉植物演替对第四纪的环境变迁过程进行了探讨:早更新世湖积地层中出现具亚寒带气候特征的针叶林植物群和中更新世冰碛物覆于早更新世地层之上是研究区第四纪环境演变的重要转折标志;第四纪盆山耦合关系非常明显,山系隆升与沉积盆地具有由北向南迁移的规律。 相似文献
8.
山西山阴、应县一带砷中毒区砷的环境地球化学研究 总被引：27，自引：0，他引：27
通过对山西省大同盆地砷中毒区的环境地球化学调查,对病区环境中砷的来源、价态及砷的迁移、富集、转化规律进行了研究。结果表明,盆地周边岩石、煤系地层为富砷岩系,构成砷的原生物源。自然和人为作用将环境中的砷释放出来,在第四系含水层湖冲积物中富集成次生富砷储集层,为水砷的直接来源。由于含砷水在黄水河构造凹地的深层滞留,加之干旱蒸发使水中砷进一步浓集成高砷水,富炭质含水层的还原环境促使Ａｓ５＋向Ａｓ３＋转化,提高了水的毒性,加剧了砷中毒的发生。 相似文献
9.
第四纪环境这门科学,是地质学的一个横截面,是地质历史时期的最新一章,它是一门探索时间的科学。环境问题是关系人类社会的全面问题和应当涉及的人类未来的现实问题,它要求第四纪环境工作者思考自己的科学问题时具有强烈的社会意识。所以它又是一门属于人的科学。从国际上看,“Science”和“Nature”两杂志都在2003年度的科学进展中把环境中古气候变化研究列为年度的进展。而在国内,从1999～2003年5年来地质大调查取得了一系列重大的阶段性成果,其中有10个方面成果具有划时代的意义。其中4项是直接与第四纪环境有关。地质学目前正在进行学术上的转型,从单一的地质问题研究向综合的地球系统科学研究转变,从主要提供资源保障向资源和环境保障并重转变。这种转变把第四纪环境研究从学术水平上被提升到社会需求水平。这要求它积极考虑最近诺贝尔奖获得者P.J.Crutzen等科学家所提出的“人类世(Anthropocene)”这一新的研究方向。作者提出,“人类世(Anthropocene)”是研究大约10000年以来人类活动和自然环境构成的地球系统的变化及适应的可持续发展性。这一研究在中国已有了很好的基础和开端,但还不能满足当前国家发展的需求,所以第四纪环境工作者还应像开拓者一样,不断努力 相似文献
10.
长江中下游第四纪沉积物发育土壤磁性增强的环境磁学机制 总被引：25，自引：2，他引：23
对长江中下游第四纪沉积物 (Q3 黄土,Q2 红土和Q3 红土 )发育土壤的磁性增强现象及其物理机制进行了讨论。结果表明 :(1)铁磁性矿物是土壤磁性的主要载体,它们是成土过程中形成的稳定单畴 (SSD)和超顺磁性 (SP)态的次生磁性矿物,没有显示重要的反铁磁性矿物的贡献;(2 )土壤磁化率 (χ)的高低与成土过程产生的稳定单畴和超顺磁性颗粒呈极显著正相关,指示了风化成土作用的强度,磁化率可作为反映成土环境变化的代用指标;(3)频率磁化率 (χfd) 5 %可作为土壤中的超顺磁性颗粒存在与否的临界值,土壤 χfd值的高低同样反映了风化成土作用的强度,可用作研究第四纪环境变化的有用工具之一。 相似文献
11.
第四纪(Quaternary)是地球科学中广泛使用的术语,代表地质年代中最晚的时段.在探讨全球环境变化趋势时,第四纪研究具有重要地位.但第四纪作为地质年代和地层单位的地位和底界问题,自18世纪提出以来,在国际学术界中就一直存在不同的观点;尤其是2004年部分权威学者和国际组织提出取消第四纪的方案,引发了激烈的国际大辩论.直到2009年,第四纪在地质年代中的正式地位及其底界划分方案,才最终获得了国际地科联的官方批准.回顾第四纪最初命名到正式地位确定的过程,特别强调了中国科学家立足于黄土等地质记录的研究工作,积极地参加了这场讨论,对于第四纪在地质学中的地位确立做出了重要贡献. 相似文献
12.
Andrew J. Plater 《Geology Today》2000,16(2):63-70
The dating of Quaternary sedimentary records provides detailed information for understanding the response of Earth surface environments to climate change and human activity. Although its roots lie in the most fundamental of geological principles, palaeoenvironmental research is an essential component of present-day global environmental change research. 相似文献
13.
Chris O. Hunt 《GeoJournal》1997,41(2):101-109
The Quaternary deposits of the Mediterranean countries provide clear evidence of past environments, and of environmental change. Modern work enables the reinterpretation of these deposits and shows arid glacial stages and humid interglacial stages, with the Holocene characterised by considerable human impact, mostly resulting from agricultural activity. In this paper, examples of typical Mediterranean Quaternary lithofacies, including tufa and slope, fluvial, coastal, aeolian and cave deposits are described from the Maltese Islands. The deposits are correlated and their climatic signal is interpreted to provide a first modern assessment of Quaternary environmental change in the Maltese Islands. 相似文献
14.
第四纪科学是地球科学的一个分支.20世纪中国第四纪研究的发展历史,可以分为两个阶段:1909～1949年,强调理论研究与实际应用的结合,适当地采用"全盘西化"的办法,将中国与世界先进的差距,由100年缩短为50年,跨越了一大步;1950～2000年,在完成国家需求的鼓励下,适当地越过经典研究范畴,参与环境问题和全球变化的研究,使得中国第四纪科学追赶了50年的差距.在21世纪开始之时,中国与国际第四纪研究的步伐有前有后,但基本上是站在同一起跑线上.对21世纪的第四纪研究,作者提出了以"研究过去只是为了未来"和"地学的文艺复兴在呼唤未来"为题的两个思路,从1)以人为本--务实社会需求;2)地球和人类共同的历史--人与自然和谐;3)我们需要自己提出理论--一种科学文化;4)群众需要第四纪--极大地提高人民的素质等4个方面展望了中国第四纪研究的新形势. 相似文献
15.
古近纪内陆古环境重建是我国第四纪和新生代地质研究面临的前沿课题。位于青藏高原东北缘六盘山北部,作为著名寺口子组的正层型剖面,寺口子砂岩剖面是该期内陆环境变化重建的一个理想剖面。但其成因认识尚存在水成与风成两大分歧,以致其时代、成因、环境等一系列问题尚无定论。前人研究的基础上,通过对寺口子剖面进行野外调查与研究,进一步厘定沉积时代,澄清沉积特征,揭示成因类型,恢复沉积过程,重建其古地理环境与演变过程,并与区域及全球有关地质环境及古气候事件记录进行对比,探讨其对全球气候环境演变的响应机理,有助于解决该地层的成因与环境问题,有望建立一个典型古近纪内陆沉积剖面,促进中国内陆古近系记录及其古环境研究,并为青藏高原隆升—季风变迁—沙漠演化等耦合机制研究提供新的证据,同时,对类似砂岩地层的研究具有一定的推动作用。 相似文献
16.
Discovery and Significance of Quaternary Glacial Vestiges in the Hexigten Area of the Southern Da Hinggan Mountains, Inner Mongolia 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
SUN Hongyan TIAN Mingzhong WU Fadong ZHANG Jianping China University of Geosciences Beijing E-mail: shywch@.com 《《地质学报》英文版》2005,79(4):564-569
1 Introduction Hexigten is situated at the eastern part of the Inner Mongolian Plateau, south of the Da Hinggan Mountains and northwest of Chifeng City, Inner Mongolia, China. It is also at the junction of the Da Hinggan Mountians, Inner Mongolian Plateau and Yanshan Mountains. It is about 650 km north of Beijing. The geographic coordinates are 116?30'?118?20'E and 42?20'?44?10'N (Fig. 1). The elevation range is from 1100 m to 1700 m, and the highest peak (2029 m) of the Da Hinggan… 相似文献
17.
1∶25万常德市幅区域地质调查项目对洞庭盆地第四纪地质特征及演化进行了重点研究,取得以下主要进展及成果:①厘定了洞庭盆地及周缘隆-凹构造格局,并分别对洞庭盆地各次级构造单元及其周缘地区的第四纪地质特征及演化进行了详细解剖。②通过孢粉组合和沉积物地球化学特征重塑了第四纪气候演化过程;通过重矿物组合探讨了洞庭盆地南部河湖变迁以及构造沉降过程。③确定洞庭盆地早更新世—中更新世中期处于断陷阶段、中更新世晚期以来处于拗陷阶段,并详细查明了各阶段构造活动特征,提出了新的构造活动动力机制模式。④新提出“构造-沉积地貌类型”的概念,对图区进行了构造-沉积地貌类型的划分。 相似文献
18.
2l世纪全球环境问题将更加突出,人类将面临重大的挑战.采用高新技术研究和解决环境问题将是一项迫切的任务.GIS虽然已被广泛应用,但是由于它缺少强大的建模和模拟功能,其发展受到一定限制.模拟模型使用较早,但未形成系统.本文提出了环境模拟系统(EIS)的新概念和建立方法,该系统具有强大的建模功能和模拟功能.为使EIS与GIS的功能优势互补,作者建立了EIS-GIS联合系统,并以松嫩平原西南部土地碱质荒漠化的预警研究为例,阐述了EIS-GIS联合系统的应用方法.第四纪的研究内容非常广泛,在各类环境介质中存储了不同时空的、丰富的环境信息,如能应用EIS-GIS联合系统进行研究,将会获得新的进展,文章介绍了建立环境模拟指标体系的原则和方法,推荐了一些较适合的研究领域. 相似文献
19.
Svetlana Kuzmina Adrian M. Lister Mary E. Edwards 《Quaternary Science Reviews》2011,30(17-18):2039-2048
Andrei Sher (1939–2008) was a key individual in Beringian studies who made substantial and original contributions, but also, importantly, built bridges between western and eastern Beringian scientists spanning some five decades of research. He is perhaps best known as a Quaternary palaeontologist, specializing in large mammals, and mammoths in particular, but his field of his scientific research was much broader, encompassing Quaternary geology, stratigraphy, geocryology, and paleoenvironmental reconstructions. He worked mainly in Siberia, in the Kolyma and Indigirka lowlands, and Chukotka, but also completed fieldwork in Alaska and Yukon through joint projects with American and Canadian scientists. Andrei was an active scientist until the last days of his life. He was involved in many different research projects ranging from mammoth evolution, fossil insects and environmental changes and ancient DNA. Without Andrei’s connections between researchers, many unique discoveries would likely be unknown. 相似文献
20.
The paper demonstrates both the potential and possible limitations of the use of simultaneous R-and Q-mode factor analysis for the detection of multivariate patterns in mineral magnetic data sets. Two examples are presented: correlation of Quaternary age glacial sediments from the Isle of Man within the Irish Sea Basin, and secondly, sediment-source linkages in recent lake sediments from Bar Mere, Cheshire, England. In both examples, the factor analysis offers useful insights into the environmental processes involved. Also, it seems to offer a suitable method by which qualitative interpretations of mineral magnetic data can be underpinned by a more objective approach. Plots of both variable and sample factor loadings provide a simple visual impression of the underlying multivariate trends in the data set. Given the simplicity with which the factor approach used here can be performed, it appears that it could become routine practice for the analysis of suitable mineral magnetic data sets. 相似文献