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1.
根据地层层序特征 ,叠加在东秦岭造山带之上的泌阳凹陷伸展作用可以划分出 6个伸展作用幕。核二段沉积前泌阳凹陷以北东—南西向的伸展作用为主 ,构造变形受以正断层为主兼具左旋走滑分量的唐河—栗园断裂控制。核二段沉积期——廖庄组沉积末期构造应力场发生转变 ,以北西—南东向伸展作用为主 ,构造变形主要受以正断层为主兼具右旋走滑分量的泌阳—栗园断裂控制。断裂活动引起上盘构造变形 ,对先成构造进行改造。廖庄组沉积末期发生区域性的隆升作用 ,北西—南东向的伸展作用导致边界断裂上盘发生断块掀斜 ,地层遭受强烈剥蚀。核二段沉积以来尤其是廖庄组沉积末期 ,受北西—南东向不均匀伸展作用的影响 ,北西向走滑断层活动并影响盖层构造样式 相似文献
2.
东至断裂带是皖西南一条重要的北北东向断裂带。详细的构造解析表明,该断裂带主要经过3期构造变形,分别是发生在晚侏罗世末—早白垩世初的左行平移断层、早白垩世期间的伸展构造和晚白垩世—新生代的右行平移断层。通过断层擦痕矢量反演和断层叠加改造关系分析,认为东至断裂带及其两侧多期构造变形对应的区域应力场分别为近南北向挤压、北北西—南南东向挤压、北西—南东向伸展和近东西向挤压应力场。东至断裂带的形成和演化与郯庐断裂带相似,主要与华南与华北板块俯冲碰撞、伊泽奈崎板块和古太平洋板块向欧亚板块俯冲碰撞与弧后扩张、及印度板块向北碰撞后产生向东的构造挤出等多构造体制共同作用有关。 相似文献
3.
上扬子北部褶皱带的构造应力场演化规律 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
在对大量逆冲与平移断层运动学详细分析与观测的基础上,本文利用实测断层擦痕矢量数据组进行了区域应力场反演,根据对断层叠加关系的分析及叠加褶皱的验证,划分出上扬子北部经历过3期挤压构造应力场演化,从早到晚分别为:第1期北西—南东向挤压应力场,第2期近东西向挤压应力场和第3期北东—南西向挤压应力场。结合相关的地质现象,认为在这3期挤压应力场作用下分别形成了晚侏罗世末—早白垩世初的湘鄂西隔槽式褶皱带、早白垩世末—晚白垩世初的川东隔档式褶皱带和南大巴山弧形褶皱带。由此表明,上扬子北部褶皱带的形成顺序为湘鄂西隔槽式褶皱带→川东隔档式褶皱带→南大巴山弧形褶皱带。 相似文献
4.
华南中-新生代构造演化受太平洋构造域和特提斯洋构造域的联合控制.以江南东段NE-SW向景德镇-歙县剪切带和球川-萧山断裂中发育的脆性断层为研究对象,利用野外交切关系和断层滑移矢量反演方法厘定了7期构造变形序列并反演了各期古构造应力场,讨论了断层活动的时代及其动力学.白垩纪至新生代研究区7期古构造应力场分别为:(1)早白垩世早期(136～125Ma)NW-SE向伸展;(2)早白垩世晚期(125～107Ma)N-S向挤压和E-W向伸展;(3)早白垩世末期至晚白垩世早期(105～86Ma)NW-SE向伸展;(4)白垩世中期(86～80Ma)NW-SE向挤压和NE-SW向伸展;(5)晚白垩世晚期至始新世末期(80～36Ma)N-S向伸展;(6)始新世末期至渐新世早期(36～30Ma)NE-SW向挤压和NW-SE向伸展;(7)渐新世早期至中新世中期(30～17Ma)NE-SW向伸展.结合区域地质研究表明,第1期至第4期古构造应力场与古太平洋构造域的板片后撤、俯冲以及微块体(菲律宾地块)间的碰撞作用有关;第5期伸展作用受控于新特提斯构造域俯冲板片后撤,而第6期和第7期古构造应力场主要与印-亚碰撞的远程效应有关.白垩纪至新生代,华南东部受伸展构造体制和走滑构造体制的交替控制.先存断裂的发育可能是导致华南晚中生代走滑构造体制的主要控制因素. 相似文献
5.
皖浙赣相邻区位于中国东南大陆边缘,中生代以来经历多期强烈构造作用,是研究中生代以来构造运动的理想区域。本文以皖浙赣相邻区中生代以来的脆性断层为研究对象,通过系统的野外构造观测和运动学研究,在区内划分出了4期主要断裂构造,确定了各期断裂的运动学特征,恢复了古构造应力场。第一期构造大致发生于早侏罗世-中侏罗世末,应力场为近南北向挤压,可能与华南板块与华北板块碰撞最后阶段的挤压作用相关,第二期构造出现在早白垩世,应力场为近北东-南西向挤压,可能与太平洋板块向南-南西俯冲有关,第三期构造大致发生在晚白垩世末,应力场为北西-南东向挤压,与太平洋板块向欧亚大陆的北西向正向俯冲有关,第四期构造应力场为东西向挤压,可能与太平洋板块弧后扩张产生的向西侧向挤压及印度板块俯冲碰撞产生的向东挤出共同作用有关。 相似文献
6.
依据野外地表地质观测及地震、钻探最新的深部地质资料,结合对区域控煤构造认识,运用构造解析、构造应力场及地质力学分析等研究思路与方法,讨论了研究区控煤构造特征、构造样式以及成因。研究结果表明：研究区共有三类六种控煤构造样式,即挤压构造样式（宽缓褶皱、叠加褶皱）、走滑构造样式（反＂S＂型褶皱、＂入＂字型构造）及伸展构造样式（掀斜断块、堑垒构造）,其中以伸展构造样式发育为主要特征;研究区由东南向西北,构造变形强度由强变弱,先后经历了印支期南北向挤压、燕山中期北西向挤压和喜马拉雅期北东向挤压-走滑与北西-南东向伸展断陷作用;晚期形成的正断层不仅破坏了煤层的连续性,而且成为奥灰水储集和运移的主要通道,增大了底板突水的可能性,使煤炭资源开发受到影响。 相似文献
7.
郯庐断裂带北延及中新生代构造体制转换问题的探讨 总被引：23，自引：0，他引：23
郯庐断裂带北段在进入东北地区后主要分为走向北东—北北东的三支断裂,由西向东依次为沈阳—长春—哈尔滨断裂、依兰—伊通断裂和敦化—密山断裂。由于不同时期的大地构造背景和地球动力学的不同,它们在中、新生代的构造体制转换主要表现有如下5个阶段:(1)早、中侏罗世直到早白垩世时以拉张为主,形成一系列断陷盆地或坳陷盆地,并伴有中-酸性岩浆侵入和喷发,形成了独特的火山-湖相沉积盆地;(2)早白垩世末,为北西—南东向的压缩构造应力场,使盆地内的中、上侏罗统地层发生走向近北东的逆冲推覆构造;(3)晚白垩世,为北东向左行剪切构造应力场,区内侏罗系和早白垩世早期的沉积物发生褶皱,与上覆地层呈明显的不整合;(4)古近纪时为北西—南东向拉张构造应力场,日本海从古近纪开始逐渐拉开,直到新近纪完成现在的格局;(5)新近纪时又转换为挤压构造应力场,以北西—南东向挤压为主,使古近系沉积物发生轻微的褶皱。 相似文献
8.
金湖凹陷断裂特征及其石油地质意义 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
金湖凹陷自晚白垩世-新生代发育复杂断裂系统,在统一应力场的作用下凹陷内形成伸展断裂、走滑断裂和挤压断裂。断裂系统的演化分为初始伸展、继承伸展、强烈伸展和走滑叠加四个阶段。初始伸展阶段凹陷伸展作用较弱,除主边界断层外,其他断层对沉积地层控制作用较弱;继承伸展阶段,凹陷持续伸展,部分早期断层停止活动;强烈伸展阶段,构造活动集中于主断层之上,形成主要沉积凹陷;走滑叠加阶段,凹陷内断层发生右旋走滑作用,在伸展构造之上叠加了走滑构造,该构造运动奠定了金湖凹陷现今的构造格局。杨村断层和石港断层为受基底断层控制的持续活动断层,而铜城断层是晚期形成调节石港断层和杨村断层走滑应力的变换断层。断裂活动受区域应力场和基底先存断裂的共同控制,表现为两期构造的叠加。两期构造运动控制了金湖凹陷油气的形成、运移和聚集。 相似文献
9.
江汉盆地西北部断陷带构造变形分析与古应力场演化序列 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
江汉盆地内部发育多个断陷带,其形成与演化对盆地油气聚集至关重要。本文以远安和南漳断陷带为重点,基于详细的野外观察和断裂变形测量,分析了江汉盆地西北部断陷带的构造变形特征,建立了盆地古构造应力场演化序列。结合区域构造分析与变形叠加特征研究,将断陷带白垩纪以来的构造演化历史划分为4个阶段:①晚白垩世—古近纪,受NEE—SWW向引张作用,江汉盆地内部发生断陷;②古近纪末期,断陷盆地遭受近E—W向挤压作用而发生构造反转;③新近纪,先后受NE—SW向引张和NW—SE向引张作用,断陷带再次伸展沉降;④新近纪末期,在NE—SW向构造挤压作用下,断陷带发生右旋走滑活动。江汉盆地晚白垩世以来构造变形序列的建立,为探讨江汉盆地后期构造演化及油气成藏改造提供了构造地质学证据。 相似文献
10.
琼东南盆地新生代发育机制的模拟研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
琼东南盆地是南海西北陆缘上一个北东走向的伸展裂陷带,向西与北西走向的莺歌海盆地相接,因此其构造演化包含了较多红河断裂走滑活动的信息。综合地质分析与物理模拟实验,我们发现琼东南盆地的发育既受控于南海北部陆缘的南东向—南南东向伸展作用,而且受到红河断裂左行走滑作用的控制和影响。其中,中央坳陷带主要受控于南东至南南东向的伸展作用;南部坳陷带的发育主要受控于琼东南盆地的伸展及其沿北北西向边界断裂右行走滑作用的构造叠加;而北部坳陷带的发育主要受控于北西向断裂左行走滑作用。红河断裂左行走滑作用可能开始于晚始新世,晚于琼东南盆地的伸展裂陷作用,且早期走滑速率应小于琼东南盆地的伸展速率,早渐新世(T70)以后红河断裂左行走滑速率大于琼东南盆地伸展速率,导致琼盆西段的褶皱反转,以及一组北西—北北西走向张剪断裂的发育。 相似文献
11.
The study provides a regional seismic interpretation and mapping of the Mesozoic and Cenozoic succession of the Lusitanian Basin and the shelf and slope area off Portugal. The seismic study is compared with previous studies of the Lusitanian Basin. From the Late Triassic to the Cretaceous the study area experienced four rift phases and intermittent periods of tectonic quiescence. The Triassic rifting was concentrated in the central part of the Lusitanian Basin and in the southernmost part of the study area, both as symmetrical grabens and half-grabens. The evolution of half-grabens was particularly prominent in the south. The Triassic fault-controlled subsidence ceased during the latest Late Triassic and was succeeded by regional subsidence during the early Early Jurassic (Hettangian) when deposition of evaporites took place. A second rift phase was initiated in the Early Jurassic, most likely during the Sinemurian–Pliensbachian. This resulted in minor salt movements along the most prominent faults. The second phase was concentrated to the area south of the Nazare Fault Zone and resulted here in the accumulation of a thick Sinemurian–Callovian succession. Following a major hiatus, probably as a result of the opening of the Central Atlantic, resumed deposition occurred during the Late Jurassic. Evidence for Late Jurassic fault-controlled subsidence is widespread over the whole basin. The pattern of Late Jurassic subsidence appears to change across the Nazare Fault Zone. North of the Nazare Fault, fault-controlled subsidence occurred mainly along NNW–SSE-trending faults and to the south of this fault zone a NNE–SSW fault pattern seems to dominate. The Oxfordian rift phase is testified in onlapping of the Oxfordian succession on salt pillows which formed in association with fault activity. The fourth and final rift phase was in the latest Late Jurassic or earliest Early Cretaceous. The Jurassic extensional tectonism resulted in triggering of salt movement and the development of salt structures along fault zones. However, only salt pillow development can be demonstrated. The extensional tectonics ceased during the Early Cretaceous. During most of the Cretaceous, regional subsidence occurred, resulting in the deposition of a uniform Lower and Upper Cretaceous succession. Marked inversion of former normal faults, particularly along NE–SW-trending faults, and development of salt diapirs occurred during the Middle Miocene, probably followed by tectonic pulses during the Late Miocene to present. The inversion was most prominent in the central and southern parts of the study area. In between these two areas affected by structural inversion, fault-controlled subsidence resulted in the formation of the Cenozoic Lower Tagus Basin. Northwest of the Nazare Fault Zone the effect of the compressional tectonic regime quickly dies out and extensional tectonic environment seems to have prevailed. The Miocene compressional stress was mainly oriented NW–SE shifting to more N–S in the southern part. 相似文献
12.
Cretaceous deformation history of the middle Tan-Lu fault zone in Shandong Province, eastern China 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
Based on field analysis of fault-slip data from different rock units of the Cretaceous basins along the middle part of the Tan-Lu fault zone (Shandong Province, eastern China), we document polyphase tectonic stress fields and address the changes in sense of motion of the Tan-Lu fault zone during the Cretaceous. The Cretaceous deformation history of the Tan-Lu fault zone can be divided into four main stages. The first stage, during the earliest Cretaceous, was dominated by N-S extension responsible for the formation of the Jiaolai basin. We interpret this extension to be related to dextral strike-slip pull-apart opening guided by the Tan-Lu fault zone. The second stage, during the middle Early Cretaceous, was overwhelmingly rift-dominated and characterized by widespread silicic to intermediate volcanism, normal faulting and basin subsidence. It was at this stage that the Tan-Lu-parallel Yi-Shu Rift was initiated by E-W to WNW-ESE extension. The tectonic regime then changed during the late Early Cretaceous to NW-SE-oriented transpression, causing inversion of the Early Cretaceous rift basin and sinistral slip along the Tan-Lu fault zone. During the Late Cretaceous, dextral activation of the Tan-Lu fault zone resulted in pull-apart opening of the Zhucheng basin, which was subsequently deformed by NE-SW compression. This deformation chronology of the Tan-Lu fault zone and the associated Cretaceous basins allow us to constrain the regional kinematic models as related to subduction along the eastern margin of Asia, or related to collision in the Tibet region. 相似文献
13.
鄂西利川地区位于湘鄂西构造带与川东构造带的过渡部位,叠加褶皱发育,地处两大构造带分界处的齐岳山高陡背斜带断裂发育。本文以利川地区褶皱和断裂为研究对象,在野外观测和分析的基础上,采用断层滑动数据反演方法,对构造应力场进行了恢复;结合区域构造演化历史,提出该区侏罗纪以来经历了五期构造应力作用,从早到晚分别为:北西-南东向挤压(J3-K1)、近东西向挤压(K1)、近南北向挤压(K1-K2)、北西-南东向引张(K2)和北东-南西向挤压(E3)。该区侏罗纪以来构造变形序列的建立,为深入认识齐岳山高陡背斜带地质灾害形成的地质背景提供了构造地质学证据。 相似文献
14.
赣江断裂带是江西省境内醒目的北北东向平移断裂构造带,由一系列北北东向、北东向和北西向断裂束组成,表现为一个大规模的左行走滑脆性剪切带并兼具伸展断陷和右旋走滑的成份。赣江断裂带在重力、航磁异常呈现为显著的梯度带,是一条晚中生代的岩浆岩带,控制了以鄱阳盆地为代表的一系列白垩纪-古近纪沉积盆地的形成与发育。该带在中生代的演化可分为早-中侏罗世压扭、晚侏罗早-白垩世左行平移和晚白垩世上盘斜落的右行平移3个阶段。在侏罗纪以来太平洋板块对欧亚大陆斜向俯冲的大背景下,赣江断裂带的形成和演化与华南广为发育的燕山期陆内造山作用密切相关,北北东向断裂的发育则直接受郯庐断裂早白垩世左行走滑活动控制,因而表现出“北强南弱”和“北早南晚”的特点。白垩纪时赣江断裂的活动方式与郯庐断裂一致,可认为是后者的南延。 相似文献
15.
Christian Brandes Carolin Schmidt David Colin Tanner Jutta Winsemann 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,102(8):2239-2254
Analysing the paleostress field in sedimentary basins is important for understanding tectonic processes and the planning of drilling campaigns. The Subhercynian Basin of northern Germany is a perfect natural laboratory to study the paleostress field in a developing foreland basin. The simple layer-cake geometry of the basin-fill is dominated by several piercing and non-piercing salt structures. We derived the paleostress field from the orientation of fracture sets, faults, slickensides and stylolites. On a regional scale, the basin-fill is characterized by a horizontal compressional paleostress vector that is mainly NNE-SSW-oriented, which reflects the Late Cretaceous inversion phase in Central Europe. We show that the local paleostress field is distinctly perturbated due to the salt structures. Along the edge of the salt pillows, the maximum horizontal paleostress vector is deflected by up to 90° from the regional trend. In the case of the Elm salt pillow, it forms a radial pattern. Restoration of balanced cross-sections demonstrates at least 9 % of the shortening of the north-western part of the Subhercynian Basin was achieved by folding. The salt structures in the north-western Subhercynian Basin are the result of varying stress conditions. Initial extension in the Triassic caused first salt movements that prevailed during the Jurassic and Early Cretaceous. Most important is the Late Cretaceous contractional phase that shortened the diapirs and led to the formation of the salt pillows between diapirs due to detachment folding. We derive four main controlling factors for such salt-dominated contractional basins: (1) the wedge-shape basin-fill is the product of the dynamic load at the southern margin of the basin, (2) a basal salt layer fed the diapirs and acted as a detachment horizon during the later shortening, (3) detachment folding was the dominating deformation mechanism during contraction, and (4) the pre-existing diapirs controlled the position of the detachment folds. 相似文献
16.
胶莱盆地及其邻区白垩纪－古新世沉积构造演化历史及其区域动力学意义 总被引：15，自引：2，他引：13
基于野外和钻孔测井资料分析、火山岩同位素年代学分析 (40Ar-39Ar and SHRIMP U-Pb)、地震剖面的构造解释、断层运动学的野外分析结果,综合研究了胶莱盆地及其邻区白垩纪－古新世沉积构造演化历史。岩性地层分析表明,胶莱断陷盆地由三套地层单元所充填：早白垩世莱阳群和青山群、晚白垩世－古新世王氏群。青山群火山岩的同位素年代学测试结果给出了该火山岩的喷发时代在120～105 Ma。地震剖面的构造解译结果揭示胶莱盆地伸展构造受到深部两个拆离构造系统控制：一个发育于盆地南部地区,拆离断面位于深部8~10 km,向南缓倾于苏鲁造山带之下;另一个拆离系统由一系列北倾的犁式断层组成、分布于宽阔的胶莱盆地北部地区,主拆离面向北倾。这两个拆离系统分别形成于早白垩世莱阳群和晚白垩世-古新世王氏群沉积阶段。通过对不同地层单元断层滑动矢量的野外测量和古构造应力场反演,以及地层时代和同位素年代学测试结果的制约,建立了白垩纪－古新世构造应力场演替的年代序列。结果表明,胶莱盆地在白垩纪-古新世之间经历了伸展－挤压应力体制的交替演化。早白垩世伸展作用经历了两个不同的阶段：早期NW-SE向伸展和晚期近W-E向伸展。在早白垩世末期至晚白垩世初期,盆地遭受NW-SE向挤压,导致了胶莱盆地的缩短变形和郯庐断裂带的左旋走滑活动。晚白垩世－古新世时期,构造应力场转变为N-S向伸展,直到古新世末期,构造应力场转换为NE－SW向挤压。胶莱盆地和沂沭裂谷系白垩纪－古新世沉积构造演化历史对华北地区岩石圈减薄过程的动力学背景提供了重要的构造地质学制约。笔者推断,早白垩世两期引张应力作用是分别对华北地区增厚地壳或岩石圈的重力垮塌和岩石圈拆沉的响应,而早白垩世末期NW-SE向挤压记录了古太平洋板块与亚洲陆缘俯冲碰撞产生的远程效应。晚白垩世-古新世的引张伸展作用完全不同于早白垩世伸展构造,它指示了沿NNE向郯庐断裂带的右旋走滑活动及其拉分作用,在动力学上受到青藏地区块体的陆－陆碰撞产生的远程效应和古太平洋板块向亚洲大陆俯冲作用的联合应力场控制。 相似文献
17.
Geological mapping, interpreted cross sections, structural analyses and residual thickness maps were used to characterize the evolution of stress setting, structure and stratigraphic distribution of the Chepaizi Uplift, which is a NW-SE trending structure located in the Western Junggar Basin. The NS-trending faults show an important transpressional phase during the Late Permian, as demonstrated by tectonic stress field and stratigraphic thickness variations. A major compressional thrusting and strike-slip phase during the Late Jurassic created a series of NW-SE faults that originated by the large-scale uplift event in the Northern Tianshan. Faults were reactivated as thrust and dextral strike-slip faults. In addition, the angular unconformity observed between Jurassic and Cretaceous provide evidence of this tectonic event. Lots of normal faults indicate that the area records southward tilting and regional derived extensional stress that took place during the Neogene. Before that, thick Early Cenozoic strata are widely deposited. The balanced cross-section highlights the evolution of stress setting and stratigraphic distribution of the Chepaizi Uplift. 相似文献
18.
山东胶莱盆地构造变形及形成演化——以王氏群和大盛群变形分析为例 总被引：12，自引：1，他引：12
胶莱盆地是形成于中生代晚侏罗世的陆相盆地，构造变形较为复杂。在野外断裂构造变形观测的基础上，结合年代学数据和地层沉积序列，确立了胶莱盆地白垩纪的变形演化历史。总体上，胶莱盆地在形成和演化过程中沉积了3套地层，经历了多个构造变形阶段。其中，发生在白垩纪的变形阶段主要有：(1)早白垩世早期，鲁东地区受区域近E—W向引张应力场控制，胶莱盆地发生大规模的火山喷发，喷发间歇期沉积了大盛群；早白垩世晚期，受强烈的区域性NW—SE向挤压，胶莱盆地褶皱回返。(2)晚白垩世早期，在区域近S—N向引张应力作用下，诸城断陷盆地发育，王氏群沉积；晚白垩世晚期，胶莱盆地受区域性NE—SW向挤压，导致王氏群褶皱变形。 相似文献