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1.
原子荧光光谱法测定地质样品中的痕量锗   总被引:7,自引:1,他引:7  
分析了溶矿过程中HNO3、H2SO4、HClO4、H3PO4等对Ge的影响,采用AgNO3滤气装置消除气相干扰,测定了地质样品中的痕量锗,方法检出限为0.06μg/g,用土壤国家一级标准物质GBW 07401~GBW 07408验证方法,结果与标准值相符,其相对标准偏差(RSD,n=12)为3.66%~6.11%。  相似文献   

2.
采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射全谱直读光谱仪,以HF-HNO3-HClO4-HCl溶样,不经分离富集,直接测定地质样品(岩石、水系沉积物、土壤)中Ta。方法检出限可达0. 8μg/g。通过国家一级标准物质测试和其他样品以不同方法测定相比较,测定结果基本一致;GBW 07309标准物质6次测定的相对标准偏差(RSD)为12. 0%。  相似文献   

3.
富氧空气-乙炔火焰原子吸收光谱法测定地质样品中的钒   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
利用测试液中当铝离子浓度超过钒离子浓度两倍以上,铝对钒的吸收信号增感基本恒定,且能较好地克服其它元素的化学干扰,建立了富氧空气-乙炔火焰原子吸收光谱法测定地质样品中痕量钒的方法。方法的检出限LD为0.33mg/L。应用于国家一级地质标准物质中痕量钒的测定,结果与标准值相符。对GBW 07303水系沉积物样品测定6次,ω^-(V)=119.0μg/g,RSD为4.5%。  相似文献   

4.
电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定土壤中有效硫   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定土壤中有效硫,浸提剂分别为:Ca(H2PO2)2-2mol/LHAc(中酸性土壤有效硫),5mol/LNaHCO3(碱性土壤有效硫)?研究了ICP-AES对有效硫测定谱线的选择以及浸提温度、静置时间等对浸提结果的影响,酸性土壤滤液直接经ICP—AES测定,碱性土壤滤液经酸化后再测定。方法检出限分别为0.32mg/kg,通过对国家土壤有效态一级标准物质测试,测定结果基本一致;GBW07415、GBW07413标准物质11次测定的相对标准偏差(RSD)分别为3.66%、2.59%。  相似文献   

5.
采用粉末样品压片制样,水系沉积物及土壤国家一级标准物质作为标准,使用经验系数法和散射线内标法校正元素间的吸收增强效应,用X射线光谱仪对土壤样品中的Fe_2O_3、Cao、Cl、S、As、Ba、Br、Ce、Co、Cr、Ni、Cu、Zn等34种主次痕量元素进行测定,用国家一级标准物质GBW07452(GSS-23),GBW07405(GSS-5)和GBW07404(GSS-4)分析检验准确度和精密度,分析结果与标样标准值吻合,除Cl、S、As、Br、Ce、Co、Ni、Th、Sc、Hf、Nb、Nd的精密度小于10.00%以外,其他各元素精密度均在5.00%以内,各元素检出限均满足化探要求。  相似文献   

6.
孙霞  谭微  贾双琳  杨刚  周小林 《贵州地质》2018,35(3):257-261
介绍了用微波消解处理土壤和水系沉积物样品,用电感耦合等离子质谱仪(ICP-MS)快速高效测试碘的方法。方法的检出限为0. 012μg/g。所选的12个土壤和水系沉积物国家一级标准物质12次测定,除GBW07307a的RSD小于10%外,其余RSD值均小于5%,12次测试的平均值和标准值对数差绝对值均小于0. 05。方法加标回收率在98. 6%104. 6%之间。  相似文献   

7.
经阴离子色谱柱分离,3mmol/L KH2PO4-K2HPO4(3%CH3OH改进剂)的淋洗液等梯度淋洗,用六极碰撞等离子体质谱仪在线测定了三种砷形态。检出限分别为:As(V)0.49μg/L,As(Ⅲ)0.39μg/L,DMA 0.16μg/L。重复性优于6.0%,三日复现性优于6.1%。为了检验该方法的实际应用性,测定了贵阳市饮用水源阿哈湖的湖水及入湖河水中的砷形态,结果比较理想。  相似文献   

8.
采用HF-HClO4-HNO3-HCl溶解样品,泡沫塑料富集-石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定岩石、土壤、水系沉积物等地质样品中微量铊。以抗坏血酸为基体改进剂,Fe^3+加入量选择100mg,灰化温度为600℃,原子化温度为1600℃。方法用于测定国家一级标准物质,结果与标准值基本一致。方法精密度(RSD,n=8)为2.88%~6.27%,回收率为95.24%~101.3%,检出限可达0.058μg/g。  相似文献   

9.
在原子荧光光谱法传统样品前处理的基础上,提出了悬浮液进样技术。用琼脂作为悬浮剂,水溶液作为校正曲线,对土壤标准样品和实际样品进行测定,结果令人满意,并且省去了冗长的样品化学前处理过程。检出限分别为砷0.33μg/L、锑0.13μg/L、硒0.06μg/L;相对标准偏差分别为:砷3.92%~6.32%、锑1.76%~3.11%、硒3.08%~5.54%;回收率分别为砷98.7%~105.7%、锑99.5%-103.3%和硒94.6%-107.2%。国家一级标准物质的测定结果与标准值相符,实际样品的测定值与传统消化法相比较,结果基本一致。  相似文献   

10.
掌握地质样品中银锡硼钼铅的含量对于研究成矿规律和地球化学找矿极其重要,目前的分析方法很少能一次性准确高效检出银锡硼钼铅。本文在前人研究基础上建立了应用全谱发射光谱仪固体粉末进样,一次性高效、准确地分析检测地质样品中银锡硼钼铅的方法。采用国家一级标准物质(岩石、土壤和水系沉积物)对合成硅酸盐标准曲线进行第二次拟合以降低基体的干扰;设置元素分析谱线转换值实现元素分析谱线的简单切换,不同的样品含量使用不同的分析谱线,达到分析结果更加接近样品真值的效果,同时扩大了标准曲线线性范围。结果表明:银锡硼钼铅的检出限分别为0.0077μg/g、0.19μg/g、0.68μg/g、0.058μg/g、0.49μg/g,方法精密度在3.23%~9.39%之间。应用本方法分析土壤、水系沉积物、岩石国家一级标准物质的测定值与其认定值相符,△logC值的绝对值均小于0.10;实际样品和外控样的一次测试结果合格率分别为92%~98%、100%。本方法简单,分析速度快,避免了样品稀释带来的污染,使用多条分析谱线测定国家标准物质,相比传统发射光谱法使用单分析谱线的测定值更加接近认定值,检出限优于《地质矿产实验室测试质量管理规范》的规定值。  相似文献   

11.
介绍ZJB(BP)-30A型变频调速高压注浆泵的设计思路、研制过程以及其主要技术参数和性能特点。  相似文献   

12.
Jar-test experiments were conducted to study enhanced coagulation effectiveness in removal of disinfection by products (DBPs) from Zayandehrud River at Isfahan Province-the center part of Iran-in 2004. In this study, the removal of suspended and colloidal particles and natural organic matter (NOM) at various coagulant doses and coagulation pHs was assessed through raw and treated water measurements of turbidity, UV254 absorbance, TOC, and dissolved organic carbon (DOC). The trihalomethane formation potential (THMFP) was also determined by a mathematical relationship with TOC. Results indicated that NOM removal was a function of coagulant type, coagulant dose, and pH of coagulation. In general, TOC, DOC, and UV254 absorbance removal enhanced with increasing coagulant dose. However, further increases in coagulant dosage had little effect on disinfection by-products precursors removal. Ferric chloride was consistently more effective than alum in removing NOM. Coagulation pH was appeared to be a determining factor for maximum NOM removal and the removal of DBPs precursors by enhanced coagulation was significantly enhanced at pH 5.5 in comparison with initial pH of water. Furthermore, it is specified that preadjustment of pH with sulfuric acid reduced the coagulant dosage and thus, production of sludge. The reduction in THMFP was consistent with the trends observed for DBPs precursors removal data (i.e. UV254 and TOC data).  相似文献   

13.
14.
地层流体受两大流体系统的控制:压实流和重力流。利用流体势分析系统(简称FPAS)研究地下流体势及压力分布可克服井资料不系统的局限性,有效地进行油气资源的预测评价。由于琼东南盆地地质务件极其复杂,海洋油气勘探程度很低,勘探成本高,石油地质研究水平也比较低,分析认为区内有巨大的油气资源前景,但油气运移方向和路程均不清楚。用地下流体力场和势分析的方法可以统一处理和定量解释油气的运移和聚集规律,明确预测油气运移的主通道,确定有利的油气勘探靶区,显著提高钻探成功率。综合本区剖面、平面流体势及压力特征,结合其他有关地质资料,找出最有利的勘探目的层位。该方法在琼东南盆地松东地区的应用,取得了良好的效果。  相似文献   

15.
明沟排水与竖井排灌   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
高长远 《地下水》2001,23(4):194-194,197
本文在分析干旱细土平原区水文地质条件的基础上 ,论述了盐渍化地区在不同排水条件下水中盐份的运移和积聚的过程 ,比较了明沟排水和竖井排灌的优劣 ,从而提出竖井排灌是改良土壤盐渍化 ,防止土壤返盐的有效措施  相似文献   

16.
Homologous series of n-alkenes and dimethylalkanes with the odd or even number of carbon atoms in the molecule have been identified in chloroform extracts from the organic matter of Upper Paleozoic deposits of the Vilyui syneclise penetrated by the superdeep well SV-27 at depths below 5 km. It is presumed that these unusual hydrocarbons resulted from the destruction of asphaltene occlusions under severe P-T conditions at great depths and that the hydrocarbon generation began in the zone of postdiagenetic transformations of sediments. This hypothesis was tested in the sections of deposits whose organic matter underwent catagenesis of different grades. On the basis of these results, zones of emergence, transition, and destruction of occlusions have been recognized.  相似文献   

17.
In this paper I argue that there has been a critical shift towards war by conservation in which conservation, security and counter insurgency (COIN) are becoming more closely integrated. In this new phase concerns about global security constitute important underlying drivers, while biodiversity conservation is of secondary importance. This is a significant break from earlier phases of fortress conservation and war for biodiversity. In order to develop a better understanding of these shifts, this paper analyzes the existing conceptual approaches, notably environmental security which seeks to understand how resources cause or shape conflict, and political ecology approaches that focus on the struggles over access to and control over resources. However, this paper indicates the limitations of these existing debates for understanding recent shifts, which require a fresh approach. I chart the rise of the narrative I call poachers-as-terrorists, which relies on the invocation of the idea that ivory is the white gold of Jihad, a phrase which is closely associated with an Elephant Action League (EAL) report in 2012 which claimed Al Shabaab used ivory to fund its operations. This narrative is being extended and deepened by a powerful alliance of states, conservation NGOs, Private Military Companies and international organizations, such that it is shaping policies, especially in areas of US geo-strategic interest in Sub-Saharan Africa. As a result conservation is becoming a core element of a global security project, with significant implications for conceptual debates and for conservation practice on the ground.  相似文献   

18.
Summary. The operation of a digital image analysis system in a limestone quarry is described. The calibration of the system, required in order to obtain moderately reliable fragmentation values, is done from muckpile sieving data by tuning the image analysis software settings so that the fragmentation curve obtained matches as close as possible the sieving. The sieving data have also been used to extend the fragment size distribution curves measured to sizes below the system’s optical resolution and to process the results in terms of fragmented rock, discounting the material coming from a loose overburden (natural fines) that is cast together with the fragmented rock. Automatic and manual operation modes of the image analysis are compared. The total fragmentation of a blast is obtained from the analysis of twenty photographs; a criterion for the elimination of outlier photographs has been adopted using a robust statistic. The limitations of the measurement system due to sampling, image processing and fines corrections are discussed and the errors estimated whenever possible. An analysis of consistency of the results based on the known amount of natural fines is made. Blasts with large differences in the amount of fines require a differentiated treatment, as the fine sizes tend to be the more underestimated in the image analysis as they become more abundant; this has been accomplished by means of a variable fines adjustment factor. Despite of the unavoidable errors and the large dispersion always associated with large-scale rock blasting data, the system is sensitive to relative changes in fragmentation.  相似文献   

19.
The effect of phosphate and glutamic acid on adsorption of aluminium onto a latosol was investigated as a function of pH and ligand concentrations through batch equilibrium experiments. The results showed that adsorption of aluminium by the soil was enhanced after addition of phosphate at low pH, and this promotive effect was gradually eliminated with the increase in pH. The positive effect of phosphate on aluminium adsorption onto latosol was attributed to phosphate-induced surface negative charge and formation of ternary surface complexes involving aluminium and phosphate. While using silica as adsorbent, the inactive surfaces for phosphate, promotion of adsorption of aluminium by phosphate was also found. Then it was proposed that additional aluminium might bind to the phosphate adsorbed onto the silica in the form of surface complexes silica–aluminium–phosphate again, and the mechanism might operate in the soil systems as well. Glutamic acid exhibited no influence on the adsorption of aluminium by the soil at low pH. After increasing the pH, adsorption of aluminium was inhibited especially with the highest addition of glutamic acid, probably owing to weak affinity of complexes between glutamic acid and aluminium to the soil.  相似文献   

20.
Algeria is a semi-arid country where water resources are not sufficient to cope with the important socio-economic development demands. Any sustainable development strategy is basically dependent on a rigorous management of water resources potential, which presents a true challenge to be tackled for such countries. Classic mathematical models based on time invariability and ignorance of the stochastic and non-linear nature of hydrological variables are not sufficient for simulation and prediction studies. The present study subscribes to the stochastic hydrological processes modeling and prediction in case of time-varying linear systems through adaptive Kalman filter (KF) methodology. It focuses upon stream flows as a water resources component, which is directly related to the socio-economic development meanwhile it opts for Kalman filter as principal tool of work. The main objective is the application of (KF) technique to model and predict annual streamflow volumes in Northern Algeria and the obtained results are satisfactory.  相似文献   

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