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1.
沉积盆地地下水动力场特征研究①——以松辽盆地为例 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
盆地地下水动力场的形成演化与油气运移、聚集关系密切。由多个水动力体系组成的松辽盆地地下水动力场的形成与演化在平面上具有明显的不对称性，总体上盆地北部为大气水下渗向心流区；中央坳陷区为离心流区和越流泄水区；盆地南部以地下水的越流—蒸发泄水浓缩为主要特征，盆地边缘和隆起剥蚀区的局部地区为大气水下渗区。且形成在地层压力、流动方向、流体势、垂直压力梯度等方面各具特征的局部水动力单元。同时，地下水动力场的形成与演化具有阶段性，其水动力强度在纵向上具有分带性，由浅到深，可以划分出强、弱、停滞3个带。 相似文献
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理想的沉积盆地地下水动力场模式可以归纳为对称型和不对称型两种，其中局部地下水动力单元可以划分为4种类型：①泥岩压榨水离心流；②大气水下渗向心流；③越流、越流－蒸发泄水；④滞留。地下水动力场演化具有旋回性，每个旋回可以分为两个阶段：①盆地沉降接受沉积时期的泥岩压榨水离心流阶段；②盆地抬升剥蚀阶段的大气水下渗向心流阶段。随着沉积盆地的形成与演化，水动力场也有形成、发展和消亡的过程。松辽盆地地下水动力场具有明显的不对称性：盆地北部和东部大气水不对称下渗形成向心流；中央坳陷区压榨水形成离心流和越流；盆地南部以越流－蒸发浓缩为特征。在纵向上地下水动力的强度具有分带性，由浅到深，可以划分出强、弱、停滞3个带。 相似文献
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论松辽盆地地下水动力场演化与油气运移、聚集 总被引：15，自引：1，他引：15
松辽盆地地下水动力场具有明显的不对称性:盆地北部大气水下渗形成向心流；中央坳陷区发育泥岩压榨水形成的离心流和越流泄水；盆地南部以越流-蒸发泄水为特征，只有盆地边缘和隆起区的顶部有大气水下渗。泥岩压榨水形成的离心流是松辽盆地油气运移的主要动力。古水文地质的旋回性和离心流的阶段性，决定了油气的阶段性运移和在一个独立水动力体系内多个油环在内，气环在外，与沉积凹陷同心的阶梯式-环带状油气分布规律. 相似文献
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东营凹陷地下水动力场的形成与演化 总被引：10，自引：5，他引：10
沉积盆地地下水动力场的理想模式可以归纳为对称型和不对称型两种,其中局部地下水动力单元可以划分为泥岩压榨水离心流,大气水下渗向心流,越流、越流蒸发泄水和滞流4种类型。地下水动力场的演化具有旋回性,每个旋回可以分为两个阶段:盆地沉降沉积时期的泥岩压榨水离心流阶段和盆地抬升剥蚀时期的大气水下渗向心流阶段。随沉积盆地的形成与演化,水动力场也有形成、发展和消亡的过程。东营凹陷地下水动力场在平面上呈对称性:总体上大气水由凹陷边缘向凹陷中心渗入,凹陷内部各洼陷为压榨水形成的离心流区,凹陷边缘南部斜坡带和北部断阶带以及凹陷内部中央断裂带为越流泄水区。纵向上,局部水动力单元强度及演化规律与地层的埋藏深度有关。随着埋藏深度的增加,水动力单元强度逐渐减弱。 相似文献
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沉积盆地地下水与油气成藏－保存关系 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
含油气沉积盆地地下水动力场可以划分为：①泥岩压实水离心流;②大气水下渗向心流;③(层间)越流、越流——蒸发泄水和④滞流四种局部水动力单元类型。通常盆地边缘大气水不对称下渗,发育向心流,中央凹陷区以泥岩为主的砂泥岩地层压实,发育离心流,大气水下渗向心流与地层压实离心流汇合,发育越流泄水。沉积盆地地下水动力场演化和地下水成因控制了地下水化学场的分布规律。在离心流和向心流流动过程中,地下水浓缩、盐化,在越流泄水区形成高浓缩、高盐化地下水。泥岩压实离心流是沉积盆地油气运移的主要动力之一,在地层压实排水离心流过程中,由于岩性、地层、断层等圈闭使得部分油气在运移过程中聚集;在地下水越流泄水过程中有利于油气大量聚集—富集;在向心流推进过程中,早期聚集的油气可能部分被破坏,此外也可能在特定的地质条件下形成水动力和部分岩性、地层、断层油气藏。 相似文献
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松辽盆地地下水动力场的形成与演化控制了地下水化学场的形成与分布,地下水化学分布特征又反映地下水动力场的演化结果。在地下水化学场的形成过程中,影响沉积盆地地下水化学性质的因素较多,这些因素对地下水化学性质的影响作用在垂向上具有阶段性,在平面上具有选择性。前者导致地下水化学性质的垂直分带性,从浅到深可以划分出:1)大气水下渗淡化带,2)近地表蒸发浓缩带,3)泥岩压实排水淡化带(C1)—压滤浓缩带(C2),4)粘土矿物脱水淡化带和5)渗滤浓缩带等5种水化学剖面单元类型。后者决定了地下水化学场的平面分区性:1)盆地边缘为大气水下渗淡化区,2)盆地中央为泥岩压实排水淡化区,3)越流区为过渡区,4)越流-蒸发区为浓缩区。在泥岩压实排水形成的离心流方向上,矿化度、Na+浓度、Cl-浓度和盐化系数升高,(CO32-+HCO3-、SO42-浓度、钠氯系数(γNa+/γCl-)和脱硫系数(SO42-/SO42-+Cl-)降低。在大气水下渗向心流方向上,矿化度、离子浓度和钠氯系数、脱硫系数和盐化系数一致升高。 相似文献
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大气水—砂岩的相互作用 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
大气水－砂岩的相互作用盆地流体研究的重要内容。大气水－砂岩的相互作用主要表现在两个方面。一方面,大气水在多孔介质中的流动导致碎屑矿物和成岩矿物的淋滤和再沉淀;另一方面,大气水的成份将缓慢地被“岩石”所改变。长石溶解与高岭石沉淀、稳定同位素和特征自生矿物是判断大气水－砂岩相互作用的主要标志。砂岩遭受大气水成岩作用与否和期次,取决于盆地的构造演化和砂岩在盆地中所处的位置。大气水－砂岩相互作用的研究对于 相似文献
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盆地流体是指在沉积盆地演化过程中活动并参与了沉积物的各种成岩－后生变化的复杂流体相，包括来自盆地内部沉积物压实和相变所释放出的流体，以及主要由盆地边缘大陆隆起区补给的下渗大气降水。流体的流动机制主要有重力驱动流和压实驱动流两种。各种沉积有机质的广泛参与，乃是盆地流体区别于其它地壳流体的最基本特征。这对流－岩反应、对盆地流体及其周围环境的物理化学参数、对成矿金属迁移的形式和能力以及对成矿金属的沉淀就位等过程都有着十分重要的影响。盆地流体具典型的低温热液地球化学特性，流体的同位素组成和流体中的溶解组份与沉积物的特征以及沉积体系的空间分布密切相关。盆地流体广泛参与了沉积物的成岩、后生、成油、成气和成矿过程。沉积体系的空间分布（不均匀介质）、同沉积断裂体系、欠压实异常高压地层以及古地形联合控制着盆地流体的流动迁移和汇聚成矿。有关的矿床类型主要包括：沉积喷流型（ｓｅｄｅｘ型）矿床、密西西比式（ＭＶＴ）铅锌矿床、大陆砂页岩型矿床以及沉积岩容矿的微细浸染型金矿床等。我国南秦岭泥盆纪地层中的沉积喷流型铅锌矿床和滇黔桂金三角二叠纪－三叠纪地层中的微细浸染型金矿床都是盆地流体成矿的典型实例 相似文献
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Emily Keeble David I. Whiteside Michael J. Benton 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2018,129(2):99-119
Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco. 相似文献
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Gilles Serge Odin 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2002,334(6):409-414
Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414. 相似文献
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The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H2O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H2O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species. 相似文献
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Muriel Rocher Stéphane Baize Stéphane Jaillet Edward Marc Cushing Yannick Lozac&#x;h Francis Lemeille 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2003,335(8):701-708
Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ1 roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003). 相似文献
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正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level 相似文献
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正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7), 相似文献
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正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci- 相似文献
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正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli- 相似文献
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正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.) 相似文献