共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 46 毫秒
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概化的Tank模型及其在龙羊峡水库汛期旬平均入库流量预报中的应用 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：3
Tank模型（又称为水箱模型），是一种用于流域径流预报的确定性水文模型，根据龙羊峡水库入库主要产流区－－黄河上游唐乃亥水文站以上流域下垫面条件下产汇流特性，将其概化为以降雨量为输入，径流量为输出的单孔出流的线性水箱，工用于该水库汛期旬平均入库流量的预报，经对历史资料进行拟合和试验预报的 结果表明，该模型具有较高的预报精度，现已应用于黄河上游龙羊峡水库汛期旬平均入库来水量的中期预报中，取得了十分显著的经济效益。 相似文献
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龙羊峡、刘家峡水库日平均入库流量的预报张孟春（西北电力调度通信局）１问题的提出龙羊峡、刘家峡水库担负着电站本身与黄河上游梯级电站及兰州市的防洪任务，设计部门对龙羊峡、刘家峡两库的防洪联合调度作了专题研究，并总结出一套采用日平均人库流量和另一水库要素双... 相似文献
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江河洪水预报流域水量分析法具有概念明确、分析计算严谨、预报精度较高且仅应用江河水文站实测流量资料等特点,对于水文站数多、流量资料系列长的大江大河尤为适用。初次应用于淮河干流上游,取得了一定的经验。这一方法的应用,将会对我国大江大河防 及水资源利用起到良好的作用。 相似文献
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Local Modeling模型及其在黄河上游月径流预测中的应用 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
基于黄河上游有关水文气象台站的降水径流资料, 将Local Modeling方法应用于龙羊峡水库月入库径流预报的中长期水文预报模型. 模型的检验和应用结果表明, 该方法有着稳健性好、数学物理意义明确、对数据系列要求不高和容易操作等优点, 在非汛期各月的径流预测中具有较高的准确性, 并且在考虑了降水的影响后, 对汛期径流的计算精度亦基本符合水文情报预报规范和实际应用的要求. 该模型在黄河上游水量预报和调度工作中具有良好的应用前景. 相似文献
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“黄河流域典型地区遥感动态研究”是“七五”国家科技攻关“遥感技术开发”项目中的专题,由中国科学院遥感应用研究所负责,中科院冰川所、中科院地理所和中国科技大学参加共同完成。在攻关中,利用多种遥感数据在黄河上游进行冰雪覆盖遥感监测,发展了流域雪盖率提取方法,融雪径流预报模型及春季径流周期分析与趋势预报等短、中期预报模型和超长期预报预测模型,实现了为龙羊峡水库春季入库流量的业务预报服务。从1987年连续三年发布春季旬平均入库流量实时预报及春季径流总量的预测,其精度满足生产部门的需要和水文预报规范的要求,为水库的用水调度提供了可靠的科学依据。由于及时、准确,仅1989年就增发了三亿度电,取得了重大经济效益,在甘宁蒙黄灌区的经济建设中发挥了重要的作用。 相似文献
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洮河是黄河上游一条重要河流。岷县水文站是洮河中游控制站,担负着水文资料收集和为当地防汛提供水文情报预报的工作,同时对下游城市及河道水库有洪水预警预报责任。本文结合洮河上、中游流域特性,经过大量实测水文资料分析研究,根据上下游相应水位(流量)预报法建立了流量线性回归关系,由上游下巴沟水文站及区间入流得出关系式为Q岷县=Q上合+3. 91 Q多坝+41用于洮河岷县站洪水预报,经模型精度评定和实际作业预报,取得了令人满意的效果,具有较广的实用价值。 相似文献
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CSAMT 法在辽西康杖子区深部探矿中的应用 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
可控源音频大地电磁法(CSAMT)具有探测深度大、横向分辨率高、抗干扰能力强的特点,在深部找矿勘探中有着重要的指导意义。肖家营子铜钼矿床是辽西地区一个大型矽卡岩型金属矿床,大部分矿体是隐伏矿体,矿区外围的康杖子区与本区有相似的成矿地质环境,成矿地质条件优越.矿体与围岩电性差异明显,通过应用CSAMT,矿体具有低电阻特点,根据成果推断解释,对深部有利成矿部位进行了钻探验证,取得了理想的探矿效果,在矿区外围取得第二深度空间找矿重大突破。 相似文献
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Julie Okpala 《GeoJournal》1990,20(1):37-43
This paper traces the development of geographic education in Nigeria and examines the views of geographers, other academics,
students and the public at large about the importance of geography. Geography's value is immense despite the non-professional
nature of the discipline. Nevertheless, there is a need to define geography's status and ensure career prospects for students.
The Nigerian Geographical Association (from classroom teaachers to top geographers) must promote geography, improve its status
in schools and universities, and continuously restructure its content and methods to address pertinent social needs. 相似文献
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Trends in landslide occurrence in Nepal 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
David N. Petley Gareth J. Hearn Andrew Hart Nicholas J. Rosser Stuart A. Dunning Katie Oven Wishart A. Mitchell 《Natural Hazards》2007,43(1):23-44
Nepal is a mountainous, less developed kingdom that straddles the boundary between the Indian and Himalayan tectonic plates.
In Nepal, landslides represent a major constraint on development, causing high levels of economic loss and substantial numbers
of fatalities each year. There is a general consensus that the impacts of landslides in countries such as Nepal are increasing
with time, but until now there has been little or no quantitative data to support this view, or to explain the causes of the
increases. In this paper, a database of landslide fatalities in Nepal has been compiled and analysed for the period 1978–2005.
The database suggests that there is a high level of variability in the occurrence of landslides from year to year, but that
the overall trend is upward. Analyses of the trends in the data suggest that there is a cyclicity in the occurrence of landslide
fatalities that strongly mirrors the cyclicity observed in the SW (summer) monsoon in South Asia. Perhaps surprisingly the
relationship is inverse, but this is explained through an inverse relationship between monsoon strength and the amount of
precipitation in the Hill District areas of Nepal. It is also clear that in recent years the number of fatalities has increased
dramatically over and above the effects of the monsoon cycle. Three explanations are explored for this: land-use change, the
effects of the ongoing civil war in Nepal, and road building. It is concluded that a major component of the generally upward
trend in landslide impact probably results from the rural road-building programme, and its attendant changes to physical and
natural systems. 相似文献
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Takeshi Nose Dr. 《GeoJournal》1985,10(3):261-276
Conclusions During the last ten years, aquaculture, especially mariculture has undergone remarkable expansion to counter-balance the gap between the supply and demand of fishery products in Japan. Its expansion has also been supported by the traditional preference of the Japanese people for seafood. Mariculture is now being forced to change its structure due to adverse economic circumstances such as the rise in the cost of energy, feeds and other materials for culture, low market prices, deterioration of environmental conditions, and many other factors. Before these constraints can be resolved, advanced scientific knowledge and technologies must be integrated to develop new types of aquaculture. Expansion of maricultural activities to more open-sea and off shore areas would be one route to follow. Technologies for the development of formulated diets not only for young but also for adults and larvae, establishment of feeding standards, prevention of epizootic diseases must support the establishment of modern aquaculture.The culture-based fisheries, or marine ranching, is becoming a subject for further development in Japan. Much research work has been conducted with a great degree of governmental support. Establishment of a net work of seedstock production farms has made it possible to carry out releasing experiments on a large scale. A newly integrated restoration system could be developed on the basis of these experiments, even though the profits resulting from the artificial restoration of stocks is not thouroughly verified at present. The commencement of a national scheme for culture-based fisheries would be a manifestation of the enthusiasm of the Japanese fish industry. 相似文献
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2010年,美国铀矿总共施工7 209个钻孔,总进尺1 493 520 m;生产铀1 628.55 t;铀矿业总支出费用为2.773亿美元,其中铀矿地勘费支出为3 450万美元,占铀矿业总费用的12.44%。铀矿地勘钻探费用为4 460万美元,占铀矿业总费用的16.08%。 相似文献
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硫代砷是富硫化物地下水中砷的重要形态,对环境和人类健康有潜在威胁。目前硫代砷研究程度尚低,本次主要针对国内外地下水（地热水）中硫代砷的存在形态,水文—生物—环境地球化学过程,样品保存,定量检测方法等方面进行研究。结论如下:pH, 氧化还原电位,硫化物含量和微生物作用等是影响地下水中硫代砷稳定存在和形态分布的重要因素。含铁矿物能与水中的硫代砷形成配位键对其进行吸附,吸附性普遍弱于（亚）砷酸盐,因此,地下水中硫代砷可能表现出更强的迁移性。用于硫代砷检测的自然水样在采集中可采取过滤,速冻,厌氧和低温短期保存的操作流程,以减缓该形态的转化甚至消失。色谱联用ICP-MS系统可用于自然水样中硫代砷的分离定量检测,紫外—可见分光光度法和X射线吸收光谱法在不同场景下也可对硫代砷进行定量和表征分析。地热水和浅层地下水中均可能存在硫代砷,由于水样中硫代砷的不稳定性,室内检测和分析难以准确反映现场过程,因此,野外样品保存技术和现场检测方法的更新可能在未来有更大研究空间,值得进一步探索。 相似文献
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