共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 500 毫秒
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本文利用卫星重力、卫星测高和海洋温盐数据反演计算全球海水质量变化,并分析其时空变化特征.卫星重力数据利用2003年1月~2006年12月的GRACE月时变重力场球谐系数,同时考虑替换一阶项和C20项,并进行了相关误差滤波、高斯滤波和陆地水文信号泄漏改正,计算得到海洋等效水高变化;利用相同时间跨度的卫星测高数据和海洋温度、盐度水文观测数据,计算全球海平面变化和比容海平面变化,反演得到海水质量变化.反演的两种海水质量变化的年际变化特征一致性较好.三种数据得到的长期趋势变化,与1993~2003年的结果相比,可以看出,海水质量变化加速,并已成为全球海平面上升的主要因素. 相似文献
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自1973年以来,NASA已发射了三颗与卫星测高有关的卫星,测高标准误差≥±10cm。已求得全球平均海水面高度图标准误差≤±1m。它的短波成分比卫星重力大地水准面的丰富得多。由于引入卫星测高资料,已把地球重力位系数从原来的22×22阶次提高到现在的180×180阶次,估计在卫星测高加密观测地区,可提高到720×720阶次。现在,卫星测高已成为综合应用卫星SEASAT的主要观测项目之一,这对于研究海洋地球物理和全球性地球动力学问题无疑是一种十分有用的资料。 相似文献
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本文研究了以引力梯度的不变量作为基本数据来进行地球引力场恢复的方法. 该方法的特点是, 处理的数据只与卫星定位数据和引力梯度观测数据相关, 而与卫星的姿态无关. 首先从不变量出发对扰动位作了线性化展开, 得到了一般的线性化模型, 即: 卫星轨道上边界条件的一般形式; 其次在球近似下推导了该线性化模型的表达式, 并给出了相应的球谐级数解算方法; 然后进一步顾及了J2项的影响, 改进了球近似模型, 得到了顾及J2项情况下关于扰动位的边界条件, 并给出了相应的解法; 利用EGM96引力场模型对建立的边界条件的理论精度进行了验证和引力场恢复试验, 结果表明: 球近似模型的平均精度达到了10-7, 恢复模型的阶次能达到200阶, 而顾及J2项模型的平均精度则达到了10-8, 恢复的阶次则可以达到280阶; 最后从理论上证明了使用不变量作为基本数据不会使数据组合的误差放大, 而且针对GOCE计划的情况论述了不变量的计算方法. 相似文献
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利用GRACE月尺度变化的地球重力场反演了全球水储量变化,并与陆地水文资料、卫星测高资料及海洋模式得到的结果进行了比对.通过对SOURE台站重力变化的陆地水储量变化计算结果和GRACE重力场系数截断为15阶得到的结果比较,发现两者比较接近,且年周期变化特征明显.对于亚马逊流域,当重力场系数截断为15阶且平滑半径使用106 m时,GRACE反演的区域平均水储量厚度的周年变化振幅为15.6×10-2m,小于使用平滑半径为4×105m的23.7×10-2m.在研究长江流域时,本文对水文资料做球谐系数展开,并与GRACE数据做同样的截断和平滑处理,结果发现GRACE反演的水厚度变化与水文资料结果基本上符合.对于纬度±66°之间的海洋区域,GRACE反演的海水质量变化接近于结合卫星测高和海洋模式得到的结果,但对于2°×2°网格,则在一些区域差异明显,最大超过了0.2 m,中误差为3.8×10-2m.可见,当前GRACE卫星时变重力场只能确定出上千公里及以上尺度区域的水储量变化. 相似文献
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对全球扰动点质量模型而言,可以假定虚拟扰动质点系位于地球内部同一Bjerhamar球面上,同时把边值界面视为球面.本文针对这一假设下所形成的线性方程组的系数阵,运用快速傅里叶变换的方法,得到了点质量模型解算中利用分块循环矩阵分解大型线性方程组的新方法.全球30′×30′扰动点质量模型259200阶方程组的解算分解为720个360阶方程组的解算,解决了点质量模型构建中大型线性方程组的稳定解算问题.推导了全球点质量模型与球谐位系数模型的转换关系,得到了一种基于球面边值问题的点质量调和分析方法.数值模拟试验表明,在适当选取点质量埋深度的情况下,本文的点质量调和分析方法较传统的调和分析方法精度更高. 相似文献
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基于卫星轨道运动的能量积分方程,可导出利用卫星跟踪卫星数据求解地球重力场的实用公式.本文在Jekeli给出的公式基础上导出了基于能量守恒方程利用两颗低-低卫星跟踪的扰动位差求解重力位系数的严密关系式.基于两颗GRACE卫星的观测数据,采用本文导出的严密能量积分方法求解得到120阶的GRACE地球重力场模型,命名为WHU-GM-05;将WHU-GM-05模型与国际上同类重力场模型EIGEN-GRACE系列和GGM02S分别在阶方差和大地水准面高等方面作了比较,并与美国和中国的部分地区GPS水准观测值进行了精度分析.结果表明基于本文推导的严密双星能量守恒方程得到的WHU-GM-05重力场模型精度与国际上同类重力场模型的精度相当. 相似文献
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本文利用CSR发布的GRACE RL06时变重力场模型,结合两种水文模式、卫星测高、降雨和蒸散等多源数据,从多个角度综合系统地分析维多利亚湖流域2003-01—2017-06的陆地水储量变化.比较了正向建模方法和单一尺度因子对泄漏误差的改正效果,经对比采用正向建模方法在此流域效果更好.基于多源数据得出以下三点与此前研究不同的结论:(1)GRACE RL06版本数据探测到流域内的水储量在2003-01—2017-06呈增加趋势,球谐位系数和Mascon产品得到的变化速率分别为14.9 mm·a^-1和16.7 mm·a^-1,观测误差小于RL05版本的结果,RL05版本低估了流域水储量的变化速率;(2)2013-01—2016-02期间GRACE和测高探测到湖泊水量增长,而水文模式探测到流域内水储量减少,推测这一现象由大坝蓄水造成;(3)受El Nino事件影响,2016-03—2017-06流域降雨减少,流域水储量减少,GRACE球谐位系数和Mascon探测到的变化速率分别为-100.3 mm·a^-1和-129.7 mm·a^-1.本文结果表明卫星观测数据可为在缺乏直接观测数据的情况下分析人类活动和自然变化对区域水储量的影响提供一种可行的途径,这也为研究我国湖泊流域水储量变化提供参考. 相似文献
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月球重力场是了解月球内部结构的重要信息之一.日本SELENE卫星首次获得月球背面卫星轨道的直接探测数据并建立了更高精度的全月球重力场模型.本文根据日本公布的采样间隔为60 s、轨道高度为100 km的SELENE卫星观测资料并利用作者移植的GEODYN-II微机版本软件求解出新53阶次月球球谐场模型LG-53.经过测试表明移植后的微机版本比原始工作站版本的计算效率提高了5到10倍.理论上表明60 s采样间隔、100 km高度的轨道数据能够计算出60阶次的月球球谐系数模型,但是作者在实际计算过程中发现:在接近理论阶次(60阶次)的一系列模型中出现了平行于经线的高频噪声,且模型越接近理论阶次其噪声越高.因此本文将53阶次月球球谐系数模型LG-53作为最后的解算结果并建立各种月球重力异常场,并将其与美国GLGM-2 (70阶次)模型和利用嫦娥1号数据解算出的CEGM-01(50阶次)模型对比,发现新53阶次重力场模型LG-53在高纬度和月球背面都显示出了更高分辨率的异常特征;与美国LP165P(165阶次)模型对比发现LG-53所建立的自由空气重力异常在月球背面不存在LP165P中所出现的高频噪声.与日本90阶次SGM90d模型对比后发现新模型的精度较日本模型还有所差距.主要是由于两者参与计算的数据采样率不同所致.53阶次的模型LG-53能够反映100 km尺度的重力异常,而日本90阶次模型则可以反映60 km尺度的异常.利用新53阶次模型计算的自由空气重力异常图并结合月球地形图探讨了四种类型的Mascon重力异常特征及其地形特征. 相似文献
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利用卫星重力测量资料研究地球、月球与火星等星体的内部构造时,需要进行重力地形校正,计算全球布格重力异常,而在球坐标中实现地形校正计算是一种有效的途径.本文提出球坐标系中的球冠域地形校正计算方法,给出了该方法涉及的球坐标系之间坐标转换方法和球冠域内地形模型重构方法,并进行理论验证．作者利用嫦娥一号激光测高数据对月球重力进行地形校正,获得了月球全球布格重力异常,并与球坐标系中Tesseroid 单元体地形校正方法对比,分析了球冠域地形校正方法的计算精度、空间分辨率及其优缺点． 相似文献
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Summary An algorithm is derived to compute the coefficients of a spherical harmonic series for the geoid radius vector that are a solution to a system of linear equations, containing Stokes' constants of the geopotential. 相似文献
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A new gravimetric, satellite altimetry, astronomical ellipsoidal boundary value problem for geoid computations has been developed and successfully tested. This boundary value problem has been constructed for gravity observables of the type (i) gravity potential, (ii) gravity intensity (i.e. modulus of gravity acceleration), (iii) astronomical longitude, (iv) astronomical latitude and (v) satellite altimetry observations. The ellipsoidal coordinates of the observation points have been considered as known quantities in the set-up of the problem in the light of availability of GPS coordinates. The developed boundary value problem is ellipsoidal by nature and as such takes advantage of high precision GPS observations in the set-up. The algorithmic steps of the solution of the boundary value problem are as follows:
- - Application of the ellipsoidal harmonic expansion complete up to degree and order 360 and of the ellipsoidal centrifugal field for the removal of the effect of global gravity and the isostasy field from the gravity intensity and the astronomical observations at the surface of the Earth.
- - Application of the ellipsoidal Newton integral on the multi-cylindrical equal-area map projection surface for the removal from the gravity intensity and the astronomical observations at the surface of the Earth the effect of the residual masses at the radius of up to 55 km from the computational point.
- - Application of the ellipsoidal harmonic expansion complete up to degree and order 360 and ellipsoidal centrifugal field for the removal from the geoidal undulations derived from satellite altimetry the effect of the global gravity and isostasy on the geoidal undulations.
- - Application of the ellipsoidal Newton integral on the multi-cylindrical equal-area map projection surface for the removal from the geoidal undulations derived from satellite altimetry the effect of the water masses outside the reference ellipsoid within a radius of 55 km around the computational point.
- - Least squares solution of the observation equations of the incremental quantities derived from aforementioned steps in order to obtain the incremental gravity potential at the surface of the reference ellipsoid.
- - The removed effects at the application points are restored on the surface of reference ellipsoid.
- - Application of the ellipsoidal Bruns’ formula for converting the potential values on the surface of the reference ellipsoid into the geoidal heights with respect to the reference ellipsoid.
- - Computation of the geoid of Iran has successfully tested this new methodology.
Keywords: Geoid computations; Ellipsoidal approximation; Ellipsoidal boundary value problem; Ellipsoidal Bruns’ formula; Satellite altimetry; Astronomical observations 相似文献
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卫星磁异常的理论模型 总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0
本文介绍了计算卫星磁异常理论模型的数学方法 ,即球谐分析方法、冠谐分析方法、矩谐分析方法和等效源方法 .根据相同的 MAGSAT资料 ,计算的卫星磁异常冠谐模型、矩谐模型和等效源模型都能很好地表示卫星磁异常的分布 .由于在整个研究区域 ( 1 0°N～60°N,70°E～ 1 40°E)都有卫星资料 ,所以这些理论模型没有所谓的“边界效应”.这一结论对计算地磁场的区域模型是很有意义的 . 相似文献
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Summary Green's theorem on harmonic functions makes it possible to determine the integral relationship between the harmonic function and its derivative with respect to the normal on a closed Lyapunov surface. The conditions of solvability are given by Fredholm's theory of integral equations. The solution for a sphere was presented by Molodenskii[3] and the general solution with the help of Molodenskii's parameter k by Ostach[4]. The present paper indicates a possibility of solving this problem with the help of a system of linear algebraic equations, a simplified modification of the Ostach-Molodenskii solution and, finally, a method, based on Eremeev's solution of the fundamental integral equation[5]. 相似文献
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A method of solving the Stokes equation for a spherical mantle model by expansion in spherical harmonics was developed by Hager and O’Connell [1979]. However, this method is applicable only if the viscosity depends solely on depth. In this case, the Stokes equation reduces to a system of independent equations for each harmonic. Given lateral variations in viscosity, the Stokes equation contains terms in the form of products of harmonics, which invalidates all advantages of harmonic expansion. Zhang and Christensen [1993] developed a perturbation method for the case when terms containing products of lateral viscosity variations are small. These terms are first calculated from the preceding iteration and are then expanded in a series of harmonic functions. As a result, equations for harmonics remain independent. An evident advantage of the spectral method is the simplicity of the technique of incorporating the self-gravitation and compressibility effects. Moreover, this method partially eliminates difficulties related to the singularities at poles. As yet, it has not been applied in practice, possibly because the equations presented in [Zhang and Christensen, 1993] contain misprints that have not been elucidated in the literature. In the present work, a system of equations is derived for the spectral-iterative method of solving the Stokes equation and the errata present in formulas of Zhang and Christensen [1993] and significantly affecting results of calculations are analyzed. 相似文献
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Modelling the global ocean tides: modern insights from FES2004 总被引：30，自引：2，他引：30
During the 1990s, a large number of new tidal atlases were developed, primarily to provide accurate tidal corrections for
satellite altimetry applications. During this decade, the French tidal group (FTG), led by C. Le Provost, produced a series
of finite element solutions (FES) tidal atlases, among which FES2004 is the latest release, computed from the tidal hydrodynamic
equations and data assimilation. The aim of this paper is to review the state of the art of tidal modelling and the progress
achieved during this past decade. The first sections summarise the general FTG approach to modelling the global tides. In
the following sections, we introduce the FES2004 tidal atlas and validate the model against in situ and satellite data. We
demonstrate the higher accuracy of the FES2004 release compared to earlier FES tidal atlases, and we recommend its use in
tidal applications. The final section focuses on the new dissipation term added to the equations, which aims to account for
the conversion of barotropic energy into internal tidal energy. There is a huge improvement in the hydrodynamic tidal solution
and energy budget obtained when this term is taken into account. 相似文献
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M.C. Frazer 《Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors》1974,8(1):75-82
The equation of motion (Navier-Stokes equation) for a uniformly rotating, compressible, magnetic, viscous fluid is analyzed in terms of infinite series of spherical surface harmonics. Differential equations are obtained for the radial functions of the poloidal and toroidal harmonics of the velocity, corresponding to those obtained by Bullard and Gellman for the magnetic field from the electromagnetic induction equation. This new analysis opens the way for the dynamical problem of electromagnetic induction in the earth's core to be considered by the spherical harmonic method. 相似文献