共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Mineral deposit mapping is very essential for sustainable and eco-friendly exploitation of natural resources. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia has abundant natural resources such as natural gas, oil and minerals. It reserves high quantity of minerals such as phosphates, bauxites, copper, gold and other industrial minerals. The red soil regions located in Hail and Qassim provinces of Saudi Arabia have rich amount of bauxite (major aluminum ore) deposits. In order to initiate the focus on mapping of mineral deposits along this area, standardized hyper-spectral analysis has been carried out by using Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) satellite data. The spectral signature of gibbsite (major element in bauxite) samples is analyzed with reference to the spectral features of gibbsite in the visible near infrared and short-wave infrared bands electromagnetic spectrum. Advanced hyper-spectral transformations such as minimum noise fraction function and pixel purity index have been performed to identify the target end-member. The existence of the mineral is confirmed by comparing the spectral signatures of the end-member with the predefined spectral plots of ASTER and United States Geological Survey spectral libraries. Finally, the end-members are mapped and their abundance is estimated in 0–1 scale. The study has opened up new areas for mapping of bauxite deposits in the area and leads to eco-friendly exploitation of natural resources. It also validates the high potential of ASTER multispectral satellite data for the exploration and mapping of mineral resources. 相似文献
2.
AbstractGeological mapping is one of the primary tasks of remote sensing. Remote sensing applications are especially useful when extreme environmental conditions inhibit direct survey such as in Antarctica. In this investigation, a satellite-based remote sensing approach was used for mapping alteration mineral zones and lithological units using Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) data in the Oscar II coast area, north-eastern Graham Land, Antarctic Peninsula. Specialized band ratios and band combinations were developed using visible and near infrared, shortwave infrared (SWIR) and thermal infrared spectral bands of ASTER for detecting alteration mineral assemblages and lithological units in Antarctic environments. Constrained Energy Minimization, Orthogonal Subspace Projection and Adaptive Coherence Estimator algorithms were tested to ASTER SWIR bands for detecting sub-pixels’ abundance of spectral features related to muscovite, kaolinite, illite, montmorillonite, epidote, chlorite and biotite. Results indicate valuable applicability of ASTER data for Antarctic geological mapping. 相似文献
3.
Many sensors have their bands overlapped and therefore do not set a normal space. If a spectral distance is measured, as in first-order statistical classifiers, the direct consequence is that the result will not be the most accurate. Image classification processes are independent of the spectral response function of the sensor, so this overlap is usually ignored during image processing. This paper presents a methodology that introduces the spectral response function of sensors into the classification process to increase its accuracy. This process takes place in two steps: first, incident energy values of the sensors are reconstructed; second, the energy of the bands is set in an orthonormal space using a matrix singular value decomposition. Sensors with and without overlapping spectral bands were simulated to evaluate the reconstruction of energy values. The whole process was implemented on three types of images with medium, high and very high spatial resolution obtained with the sensors ASTER, IKONOS and DMC camera, respectively. These images were classified by ISODATA and minimum distance algorithms. The ISODATA classifier showed well-defined features in the processed images, while the results were less clear in the original images. At the same time, the minimum distance classifier showed that overall accuracy of the processed images increased as the maximum tolerance distance decreased compared to the original images. 相似文献
4.
We have attempted comparative analysis of the utility of linear spectral unmixing (LSU) method and band ratios for delineating bauxite from laterite within the lateritic bauxite provinces of Chotonagpur Plateau, Jharkhand of India. This was attempted based on processing of visible–near infrared (VNIR) and shortwave infrared (SWIR) spectral bands of Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) sensor. In LSU method, spectral features of main constituent minerals of lateritic bauxite are used to decompose the pixel spectra to estimate the relative abundance of bauxite and laterite in each pixel to spatially delineate bauxite within laterite. We have also compared the bauxite map derived using LSU method with bauxite maps of two band ratios in terms of spatial disposition of bauxite. We also have attempted to relate the abundance values of pixels of LSU-based bauxite map with band ratio values of bauxite pixels of two selected bauxite indices. 相似文献
5.
Improving MODIS Spatial Resolution for Snow Mapping Using Wavelet Fusion and ARSIS Concept 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Sirguey P. Mathieu R. Arnaud Y. Khan M.M. Chanussot J. 《Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, IEEE》2008,5(1):78-82
We propose to fuse the high spatial content of two 250-m spectral bands of the moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) into its five 500-m bands using wavelet-based multiresolution analysis. Our objective was to test the effectiveness of this technique to increase the accuracy of snow mapping in mountainous environments. To assess the performance of this approach, we took advantage of the simultaneity between the advanced spaceborne thermal emission and reflection radiometer (ASTER) and MODIS sensors. With a 15-m spatial resolution, the ASTER sensor provided reference snow maps, which were then compared to MODIS-derived snow maps. The benefit of the method was assessed through the investigation of various metrics, which showed an improvement from 3% to 20%. Therefore, the enhanced snow map is of great benefit for environmental and hydrological applications in steep terrain. 相似文献
6.
There is considerable interest in optimizing geothermal exploration techniques via the mapping of alteration and evaporate mineralisation, as well as of thermal emissions associated with geothermally active areas on the Earth’s surface. Optical and thermal satellite sensor technologies, improvements in processing algorithms and the means for large scale (e.g. 1:250,000) spatial data distribution are required for detecting both these attributes. The extensive visible, -near, -shortwave and thermal infrared (VNIR-SWIR-TIR) data archive acquired by the multi-spectral Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission Reflectance Radiometer (ASTER) provides a rich source of geoscience related imagery for geothermal exploration. Examples of generating large scale mosaicked ASTER imagery to provide province to continental mineral mapping have been undertaken in areas including such as Australia, western USA, Namibia and Zagros Mountains Iran. In addition, ASTER’s thermal infrared imagery also provides night time land surface temperature (LST) estimates relevant for detecting possible geothermal related anomalies.This study outlines existing methods for the application of ASTER data for geothermal exploration in East Africa. The study area encompasses a section of the East African Rift System across the Tanzanian and Kenyan border. The area includes rugged volcanic terrain which has had geological mapping of limited coverage at detailed scales, from various heritages and mapping agencies. This study summarizes the technology, the processing methodology and initial results in applying ASTER imagery for such compositional and thermal anomaly mapping related to geothermal activity. Fields observations have been used from the geothermal springs of Lake Natron, Tanzania, and compared with ASTER derived spectral composition and land surface temperature results. Published geothermal fields within the Kenyan portion of the study area have also been incorporated into this study. 相似文献
7.
Habes A. Ghrefat Philip C. Goodell 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2011
The goal of this research is to map land cover patterns and to detect changes that occurred at Alkali Flat and Lake Lucero, White Sands using multispectral Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+), Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER), Advanced Land Imager (ALI), and hyperspectral Hyperion and Airborne Visible/Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS) data. The other objectives of this study were: (1) to evaluate the information dimensionality limits of Landsat 7 ETM+, ASTER, ALI, Hyperion, and AVIRIS data with respect to signal-to-noise and spectral resolution, (2) to determine the spatial distribution and fractional abundances of land cover endmembers, and (3) to check ground correspondence with satellite data. A better understanding of the spatial and spectral resolution of these sensors, optimum spectral bands and their information contents, appropriate image processing methods, spectral signatures of land cover classes, and atmospheric effects are needed to our ability to detect and map minerals from space. Image spectra were validated using samples collected from various localities across Alkali Flat and Lake Lucero. These samples were measured in the laboratory using VNIR–SWIR (0.4–2.5 μm) spectra and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) method. Dry gypsum deposits, wet gypsum deposits, standing water, green vegetation, and clastic alluvial sediments dominated by mixtures of ferric iron (ferricrete) and calcite were identified in the study area using Minimum Noise Fraction (MNF), Pixel Purity Index (PPI), and n-D Visualization. The results of MNF confirm that AVIRIS and Hyperion data have higher information dimensionality thresholds exceeding the number of available bands of Landsat 7 ETM+, ASTER, and ALI data. ASTER and ALI data can be a reasonable alternative to AVIRIS and Hyperion data for the purpose of monitoring land cover, hydrology and sedimentation in the basin. The spectral unmixing analysis and dimensionality eigen analysis between the various datasets helped to uncover the most optimum spatial–spectral–temporal and radiometric-resolution sensor characteristics for remote sensing based on monitoring of seasonal land cover, surface water, groundwater, and alluvial sediment input changes within the basin. The results demonstrated good agreement between ground truth data and XRD analysis of samples, and the results of Matched Filtering (MF) mapping method. 相似文献
8.
提出了针对ASTER数据同时反演大气水汽含量与地表温度的三通道算法,即利用ASTER数据的第12,13,14三个热红外波段建立三个热辐射传输方程。再利用MODTRAN软件分别模拟ASTER 12,13,14波段透过率与大气水汽含量的关系,通过分析可知ASTER三个热红外波段的透过率与大气水汽含量的关系可用近似线性方程表示,从而得到另外三个方程。这样就构成了一个包含六个未知数、六个方程的方程组,形成了针对ASTER数据同时反演大气水汽含量与地表温度的三通道算法。由于各参数都可以通过方程组计算出来,所以,这种算法仅需要ASTER数据就可反演出大气水汽含量与地面温度,且关键参数大气透过率的计算精度提升到了AS-TER数据一个像元（15×15）m2的程度。 相似文献
9.
利用ASTER热红外遥感数据开展岩石化学成分填图的初步研究 总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14
ASTER遥感成像仪的发射提供了廉价的多光谱热红外数据,是热红外遥感数据的一个重要来源。ASU热红外光谱库提供了多种矿物的热红外发射率波谱的同时,还提供了矿物的化学成分即氧化物含量的分析结果。把ASU波谱库的矿物波谱重采样至ASTER各热红外波段,对矿物的波谱进行波段比值处理,与各矿物成分进行相关分析,选择波段比值与各氧化物含量最大相关系数,进行对数模拟,从而可以确定出发射率光谱与化学成分的数值关系。本文分别对SiO2,MgO,Al2O3,CaO,K2O,Na2O进行了数值分析及公式模拟。统计是根据各矿物做出的,模拟公式同样适用于岩石,进而可以在遥感热红外数据中得以应用。在四川省西范坪矿区利用模拟公式对SiO2,Na2O,K2O三种氧化物进行了岩石填图,在野外大部分得到了证实;利用SiO2进行了硅化蚀变带填图,在异常带内发现了砂岩型铜矿化。 相似文献
10.
《International Journal of Digital Earth》2013,6(1):76-93
Abstract Determining oil slick thickness plays an important role in assessing oil spill volume and its environmental impacts on the ocean. In this study, we used a Hyperion image of an oil spill accident area and seawater and fresh crude oil samples collected in the Bohai Sea of China. A well-controlled laboratory experiment was designed to simulate spectral responses to different oil slick thicknesses. Spectral resampling and normalization methods were used to reduce the differences in spectral reflectances between the experimental background seawater sample and real background seawater. Fitting the analysis with laboratory experimental data results showed a linear relationship between normalized oil slick reflectance and normalized oil slick thickness [20th band (R 2=0.92938, n=49, p<0.01), 26th band (R 2=0.93806, n=49, p<0.01), 29th band (R 2=0.93288, n=49, p<0.01)]. By using these statistical models, we successfully determined the normalized oil slick thickness with the Hyperion image. Our results indicate that hyperspectral remote sensing technology is an effective method to monitor oil spills on water. The spectral ranges of visible green and red light were the optimal bands for estimating oil slick thickness in case 2 water. The high, stabilized spectral reflectance of background seawater will be helpful in oil slick thickness inversion. 相似文献
11.
HJ-1A CCD与TM数据及其估算草地LAI和鲜生物量效果比较分析 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
基于地面实测和PROSAIL模型模拟数据,研究了新型传感器HJ-1ACCD与TM数据一致性问题,分析了传感器天顶角和光谱相应函数差异的影响,对比两种传感器数据估算草地LAI和鲜生物量的效果,得出以下结论:(1)HJ-1ACCD和TM反射率数据的拟合系数R2在0.7322和0.9205左右,在反射率较小时,两种传感器数据一致性较好;随着反射率增大,HJ-1ACCD数值逐渐高于TM。总体而言,在可见光和近红外波段,两种传感器较为接近,其中红波段最接近。(2)两种传感器的NDVI数据一致性非常高,且受传感器天顶角和光谱响应函数影响作用较小(相对误差约为0.34%—0.53%),而反射率的相对差别在3.34%—9.54%。(3)传感器天顶角较光谱响应函数对反射率影响更大。(4)基于HJ-1ACCD反射率数据估算草地LAI和鲜生物量效果较好,其中以CCD2传感器估算效果最好。 相似文献
12.
In spite of the dominance of traditional mineral exploration methods that demand physical characterization of rocks and intense field work, remote sensing technologies have also evolved in the recent past to facilitate mineral exploration. In the present study, we have processed visible near infrared (VNIR) and shortwave infrared (SWIR) bands of Advanced space-borne thermal emission and reflection radiometer (ASTER) data to detect surface mineralization signatures in Mundiyawas - Khera area in Alwar basin, north-eastern Rajasthan, India using spectral angle mapper (SAM). The potential of SAM method to detect target under variable illumination condition was used to delineate galena, chalcopyrite, malachite etc. as surface signatures of mineralization. It was ensured that the identified surface anomalies were spectrally pure using pixel purity index. Spectral anomalies were validated in the field and also using X-Ray diffraction data. Spectral anomaly maps thus derived were integrated using weight of evidence method with the lineament density, geochemical anomaly, bouger anomaly maps to identify few additional potential areas of mineralization. This study thus establishes the importance of remote sensing in mineral exploration to zero in on potentially ore rich but unexplored zones. 相似文献
13.
基于ASTER GED产品的地表发射率估算 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
地表发射率是地表温度反演的重要输入参数,为了解决现有地表发射率估算方法在裸露地表精度较差的问题,本文基于最新的ASTER全球地表发射率产品(ASTER GED)和基于植被覆盖度的方法(VCM),提出了一个改进的地表发射率估算方法。首先,利用ASTER GED产品求解裸土发射率,然后,利用ASTER波谱库中的植被发射率和植被覆盖度结合VCM方法计算地表发射率。利用张掖地区2012年11景ASTER TES算法反演的地表发射率产品和实测地表发射率数据进行了验证,同时利用一景Landsat 8 TIRS数据分析了对地表温度反演精度的影响。结果表明该方法估算的地表发射率整体精度较高,可以有效改进裸露地表的发射率估算精度,用于支持利用多种热红外传感器数据生产高精度的地表温度产品。 相似文献
14.
海洋溢油与烃渗漏是资源与环境遥感关注的重要方向之一。光学遥感在该领域的理论与应用研究表明:(1)光学遥感探测的分类目标已经明确,即溢油污染形成的海面油膜、黑色浮油与油水混合物,海底烃渗漏形成的海面油膜与近海表大气碳氢化合物气体异常;(2)这些目标对入射光具有不同的光学作用过程(如反射、吸收、散射、干涉等),会产生不同的光学响应特征,是光学遥感识别、分类与定量估算的理论基础;(3)在实际应用中,目标介质面(不同类型、折射率与粗糙度的油面与海面)的菲涅尔反射差异,有利于目标探测的同时,也给目标识别分类与定量估算带来诸多不确定性影响。光学遥感技术在本领域的应用特点与优势逐渐清晰,但依然面临巨大的挑战,今后的研究趋势也主要集中于以下几个方面:光学传感器的可探测性,典型目标的光学响应特征,定量遥感模型与参数查找表,目标的光谱与空间尺度响应,实地测量等。随着研究的深入,光学遥感技术必能以新的视角为海洋溢油与烃渗漏目标的实时监测、识别分类与定量评估提供更好的解决方案。 相似文献
15.
Bingxin Liu Ying Li Qiang Zhang Liang Han 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2017,45(1):171-177
This study was an experiment to measure the reflectance data of water and oil films at the 0, 1st, 3rd, 12th, and 48th h of weathering and analyzed the spectral reflectance characteristics of the weathered oil films. Based on the experiment and analysis, the measured data were resampled through the spectral response function of the hyperspectral data. The environmental noise equivalent reflectance difference of the image data was then used to assess the sensitivity of each band for the detection of oil films. The bands that were most effective in detecting oil films in various stages of weathering were assessed. Results indicated that the spaceborne hyperspectral sensor employed in this study had the potential to discriminate among oil films in different stages of weathering. At the 0, 1st, 3rd, and 12th h of weathering, discrimination between water and oil films and among oil films in varying stages of weathering was achieved at the visible and near-infrared bands. After 48 h, the potential sensitive bands were distributed mainly in the near-infrared region. This experiment can provide a method to select bands of hyperspectral data for monitoring oil films. 相似文献
16.
《International Journal of Digital Earth》2013,6(5):351-372
This study compares the spectral sensitivity of remotely sensed satellite images, used for the detection of archaeological remains. This comparison was based on the relative spectral response (RSR) Filters of each sensor. Spectral signatures profiles were obtained using the GER-1500 field spectroradiometer under clear sky conditions for eight different targets. These field spectral signature curves were simulated to ALOS, ASTER, IKONOS, Landsat 7-ETM+, Landsat 4-TM, Landsat 5-TM and SPOT 5. Red and near infrared (NIR) bandwidth reflectance were re-calculated to each one of these sensors using appropriate RSR Filters. Moreover, the normalised difference vegetation index (NDVI) and simple ratio (SR) vegetation profiles were analysed in order to evaluate their sensitivity to sensors spectral filters. The results have shown that IKONOS RSR filters can better distinguish buried archaeological remains as a result of difference in healthy and stress vegetation (approximately 1–8% difference in reflectance of the red and NIR band and nearly 0.07 to the NDVI profile). In comparison, all the other sensors showed similar results and sensitivities. This difference of IKONOS sensor might be a result of its spectral characteristics (bandwidths and RSR filters) since they are different from the rest of sensors compared in this study. 相似文献
17.
利用Landsat ETM+和ASTER近红外波段数据进行了水体信息提取,然后利用知识规则对2种提取结果进行进一步分类,并分析了波谱分辨率的差异对水体信息提取结果的影响。实验表明,基于Landsat ETM+数据的水体提取总体精度为82.4%,基于ASTER数据的水体信息提取结果总体精度为92.4%;在空间分辨率相同情况下,波谱分辨率的提高可以有效地提高水体信息提取的精度。 相似文献
18.
Flagrant soil erosion in Morocco is an alarming sign of soil degradation. Due to the considerable costs of detailed ground surveys of this phenomenon, remote sensing is an appropriate alternative for analyzing and evaluating the risks of the expansion of soil degradation. In this paper, we characterize the state of land degradation in a small Mediterranean watershed using Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) data and ground-based spectroradiometric measurements. The two visible, the near-infrared and six shortwave infrared bands of the above sensor were calibrated using ground measurements of the spectral reflectance. Field measurements were carried out in the Saboun experimental basin located in the marl soil region of the Moroccan western Rif. The study leads to the development and evaluation of a new spectral approach to express land degradation. This index called Land degradation index (LDI) is based on the concept of the soil line derived from spectroradiometric ground measurements. In this study, we compare LDI and the spectral angle mapping (SAM) approaches to assess and map land degradation. Results show that LDI provides more accurate results for mapping land degradation (Kappa = 0.79) when compared to the SAM method (Kappa = 0.61). Validation and evaluation of the results are based on the thematic maps derived from the ground data (organic matter, clay, silt and sand) by kriging, DEM, slope gradient and photointerpretation. 相似文献
19.
应用于油气资源遥感的近红外石油物质光谱特征研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
根据油气资源遥感获得光谱信息的特点,采用综合测量一些石油物质的近红外(0.7-2.5μm ) 光谱信息。对其光谱特征及其在油气资源遥感上的应用进行讨论。 相似文献
20.
基于ASTER数据的蚀变矿物信息提取——以哈密黄山铜镍矿区为例 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在分析哈密黄山铜镍矿区典型地物波谱特征的基础上,设计了基于ASTER数据的蚀变信息提取流程,详细论述了对4组含不同离子或基团的常见蚀变矿物应用主成分分析(PCA)进行蚀变信息提取、采用光谱角制图法(spectral angle mapper,SAM)进行干扰异常筛选的“SAM去干扰异常主分量门限技术”.4组(9种)蚀变矿物包括:含Fe离子的矿物(针铁矿、赤铁矿)、含CO23-基团的矿物(方解石、白云石)、含Al - OH基团的矿物(白云母、蒙脱石、高岭石)以及含Mg - OH基团的矿物(绿泥石、绿帘石).蚀变矿物信息提取结果表明,“SAM去干扰异常主分量门限技术”方法可行,对ASTER数据的应用效果与实际情况比较吻合,充分证明ASTER在短波红外范围内具有很强的矿物刻画能力. 相似文献