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1.
With rapid development of urbanization and regional interaction and interdependence, regional urban agglomeration planning
becomes more and more important in China, in order to promote integrated development of various cities with close interrelationship.
However, it is still arguable academically on how to define the boundary or which cities to be included for the urban agglomeration
of a region. This paper aims to shed lights on how to identify urban spheres of influence scientifically by introducing field
modeling method and by practicing a case study on 168 cities in Central China. In our field modeling method, the influence
intensities of cities were measured by a comprehensive index and urban spheres of influence were represented spatially by
field intensity. Then, their classification and spatial distribution characteristics of study area in 2007 were identified
and explored by using GIS and statistical methods. The result showed that: 1) Wuhan is the absolute dominant city in Central
China; 2) the provincial capital cities dominate their own provinces and there are no other lower grade agglomeration centers;
and 3) the basic types of organization form of urban sphere of influence are single-polar type, agglomeration type, close-related
group type and loose-related group type. 相似文献
2.
国民经济发展中长期规划、区域城镇体系规划和土地利用总体规划是目前我国各级政府编制的基础性空间规划。目前3个规划之间相互脱节、相互抵触的情况十分普遍,影响这些规划的权威性和有效实施。本文通过对不同层次区域规划信息的分析,研究提出支持3个主要空间规划整合的核心指标体系,并提出这些指标对应的空间要素类型及其空间配准方法,对区域社会经济统计、遥感解译、规划分析和基础地理数据库的区域规划指标进行结构化设计。为统一构建支持多目标区域规划整合的空间信息平台提供可操作的数据模型。该成果已经在重庆等区域规划地理空间信息平台建设及一些重要规划研究、制定中得到应用,并为今后强化区域空间规划之间的整合,促进地区规划体制改革提供可借鉴的信息逻辑模型。 相似文献
3.
权衡耕地保护与城市扩张的永久基本农田划定--以武汉市为例 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
永久基本农田划定是实现耕地保护、土地集约利用以及保障粮食安全的有效方式。然而城市的快速扩张给永久基本农田划定带来了挑战,如何协调城市扩张与耕地保护两者的关系、科学合理地划定永久基本农田亟待解决。本文以武汉市为例,结合LESA(Land Evaluation and Site Assessment)方法及LANDSCAPE模型(LAND System Cellular Automata Model for Potential Effects)综合考虑永久基本农田划定与城市扩张的冲突,进行永久基本农田划定,试图协调耕地保护与城市扩张对土地资源需求的矛盾,为"多规合一"背景下科学划定永久基本农田提供方法借鉴,为优质耕地保护及土地利用优化布局提供决策参考。①运用LESA方法对武汉市的耕地进行综合质量评价及等级划分;②基于LESA综合评价结果,运用LANDSCAPE模型对武汉市永久基本农田划定及城镇建设用地扩张进行模拟;③将LANDSCAPE模型划定的永久基本农田结果与基于LESA方法划定的结果进行数量、质量和空间形态上的对比分析。结果表明:2种方法划定的永久基本农田面积相当,质量差异不大。但在空间形态上,基于LANDSCAPE模型的划定结果明显优于基于LESA方法:划定的永久基本农田集中连片分布,形状较为规则。值得注意的是,LESA方法划定的永久基本农田中有15.8%将被新增城镇建设用地侵占,而LANDSCAPE模型能够有效避免这部分永久基本农田被侵占。 相似文献
4.
《中国地理科学(英文版)》2020,(1)
In this paper, we use factor analysis to evaluate the urban comprehensive quality of each city in the Lanzhou-Xining(Lan-Xi) urban agglomeration. The time distance was obtained by using GIS spatial analysis, and the structure and pattern of the spatial network were analyzed by using the gravity model and social network analysis method. The results show that: 1) The scale effect of the Lan-Xi urban agglomeration is gradually emerging, and it is gradually forming the urban agglomeration with Lanzhou and Xining as the core, the Lan-Xi high-speed railway as the axis, and a high-dense connection. 2) Lanzhou and Xining are at the core of the Lan-Xi urban agglomeration, which has a strong attraction and spreads to neighboring cities. 3) In the network structure of the Lan-Xi urban agglomeration, Lanzhou, Baiyin, Gaolan, Yuzhong, Yongdeng, Dingxi, Lintao, Xining, Ledu, Huangzhong, Ping'an, Minhe and Datong are located in the network core position, which have the superiority position and lead to the entire regional communication enhancement and the regional integration development. 4) This urban agglomeration has significant subgroups, eight tertiary subgroups and four secondary subgroup; the tertiary subgroups which compose secondary subgroup have a close connection and mutually influence each other. 5) The Lanzhou Metropolitan Area and the Xining Metropolitan Area have an important impact on the surrounding cities, and the peripheral cities are basically controlled by the central city. The Dingxi subgroup, Lintao-Linxia subgroup, Gonghe subgroup have more structural holes than the subgroups within the Lanzhou Metropolitan Area and the Xining Metropolitan Area, so the peripheral cities of these subgroups have relatively less connection with surrounding cities. 相似文献
5.
本文以济南北跨城市规划区为例,采用模糊层次分析法及GIS空间分析技术,构建了"先建后采、先采后建、只建不采和只采不建"四种情境下的资源开发与城市建设适宜性评价模型,选取了对研究区综合效益影响较大的9个因子,采用德尔菲法确定了各情境下单因子内部的效益性评价分值,通过赋值叠加处理,得到不同情境下各评价单元的因子赋值结果,最... 相似文献
6.
Urban comprehensive carrying capacity is an important guarantee and external representation of regional sustainable development. Based on urban comprehensive carrying capacity, this paper constructed a performance evaluation index system of urban comprehensive carrying capacity, and used entropy method, urban comprehensive carrying capacity measurement model and urban sustainable development model to measure spatial and temporal comprehensive carrying capacity of Harbin City in Heilongjiang Province from 2012 to 2017. The results show that: 1) index weight analysis suggested the regional development mode in Harbin still followed an epitaxial development mode, which pursued the expansion of scale and the growth of total amount of regional development, neglecting the effective utilization of resources and the improvement of structural benefits. 2) In the pressure system, the index of resource support has dropped sharply. The index of environmental capacity and social progress has risen circuitously, while the degree of agglomeration and the value of transportation facilities have risen steadily;in the pressure system, the index of population development and economic growth tended to fluctuate, while energy consumption and environmental pollution showed a more synchronous change in characteristics, and the livable demand remained at a high level. 3) The carrying capacity index of resources and environment in Harbin has been declining, and the acquired carrying capacity index fluctuated. The long-term regional development model has severely impaired the carrying capacity of resources and environment. 4) The comprehensive carrying capacity of Harbin has clear spatial differentiation characteristics. Finally, the paper proposes that location conditions, economic development level, government regulation, and science and technology are the main factors influencing the spatial differentiation of urban comprehensive carrying capacity. 相似文献
7.
中心城市腹地合理地划分对区域的资源整合、协调发展起到关键性的作用。本文立足于加权Voronoi图,将城市的中心性强度及综合交通可达性作为权重引入断裂点模型中,修正了断裂点模型中的城市人口规模,构建了加权Voronoi图城市腹地界定新模型;并以成渝经济圈36个中心城市为例,对模型进行验证。研究表明,成渝经济圈各中心城市腹地与行政区范围吻合度较差。根据腹地与行政区范围大小的比值将城市划分为3类:比值大于100%的城市具有良好的适合腹地向外扩展的条件,对周边城市的发展有较大影响;比值在60%~100%之间的城市对周边城市的发展起到一定作用;比值小于60%的城市则说明周边城市的影响力远远大于本市。而四川省的成都市和重庆市的主城作为区域实力最强的城市,其腹地范围并不是最大的,这表明城市腹地的范围及大小主要由中心城市的综合实力和周边城市的综合实力共同决定。这是对成渝经济圈各城市腹地的重新界定,对成渝经济圈城市规划有一定参考意义。 相似文献
8.
以广东省各地级市辖区和县域中心点为公路网络节点,通过对各节点城市的中心职能强度指数分析及其相互之间在公路网络的连通关系为基础,综合应用日通达性模型、通达性度量模型和潜力模型,对广东区域通达性进行分析,并以不同指标和度量模型的广东区域通达性的空间格局和分异特征进行GIS分析。结果表明,广东省的城市通达性空间格局,总体上呈现出一种圈层空间分布结构,以广州市核心区域和佛山市中心区域(禅城区和顺德区)为中心向外辐射。其影响通达性区域差异的主要因素包括城市经济水平、交通条件和地理区位等,其中,在交通条件影响下的通达性区域差异,在空间上表现出高等级公路网络指向性。研究结果反映出广东省省域公路网络通达性的空间分异规律,诠释了城市的经济发展水平、交通条件和地理区位对通达性的综合作用,从而为广东省城镇网络体系发育、区域经济协调及珠三角产业转移规划优化提供科学支撑。 相似文献
9.
将该项目区域视为一个小型区域,以此作为一个区域模型,并分为38个评估单元,结合野外调查数据及地质分析法进行评估,针对风电场区域大,地质环境条件多变,考虑了多个影响因素的综合作用,运用基于层次分析法对风电场区域地质环境、地质灾害进行综合评估。将38个单元逐个进行计算后,划分出了危险性中等区和危险性小区,层次分析法的评估结论与地质分析法的结论基本一致,层次分析法确定的危险性中等区涵盖地质分析法确定的危险性中等区。推广到类似区域进行合理、定量地划定区域危险性等级,给城市新区建设选址提供参考依据。 相似文献
10.
《中国地理科学(英文版)》2019,(3)
Large amounts of data at various temporal and spatial scales require terabyte(TB) level storage and computation, both of which are not easy for researchers to access. Cloud data and computing services provide another solution to store, process, share and explore environmental data with low costs, stronger computation capacity and easy access. The purpose of this paper is to examine the benefits and challenges of using freely available satellite data products from Australian Geoscience DataCube and Google Earth Engine(GEE) online data with time series for integrative environmental analysis of the Macquarie-Castlereagh Basin in the last 15 years as a case study. Results revealed that the cloud platform simplifies the procedure of traditional catalog data processing and analysis. The integrated analysis based on the cloud computing and traditional methods represents a great potential as a low-cost, efficient and user-friendly method for global and regional environmental study. The user can save considerable time and cost on data integration. The research shows that there is an excellent promise in performing regional environmental analysis by using a cloud platform. The incoming challenge of the cloud platform is that not all kinds of data are available on the cloud platform. How data are integrated into a single platform while protecting or recognizing the data property, or how one portal can be used to explore data archived on different platforms represent considerable challenges. 相似文献
11.
城市影响腹地范围的划分,在区域与城市规划中有着重要的理论和实际意义。本文从"城市结节性"和"空间交通可达性"两方面改进场强模型,采用主成分分析法与指标体系计算河南省城市结节性指数,利用累积耗费距离测算空间可达性,借助k阶数据场模型与水文分析模型,综合测度了1991年和2010年河南省17个地级城市的影响腹地范围及空间演变特征。研究表明,20年间河南省地级城市的平均可达本文时间从1991年的45.41 min缩短为2010年的33.03 min,空间场能显著增长且空间分异性显著。南阳的腹地面积增加最大,信阳的腹地面积缩小最大;安阳腹地面积增加率和漯河腹地面积减少率最大。郑州的腹地范围与其行政辖区偏移度最大。 相似文献
12.
自2020年起各省相继启动"实景三维中国"建设,小面积单一场景实景三维建模向地区级全域实景三维建模转变成为一种常态,因量变引起的小区域建模中易被忽略的技术问题也日益凸显,如三维模型成果色彩不均衡问题。由于采集设备、天气情况、地形地貌及航摄状态等诸多要素的影响,地区级实景三维模型成果整体的目视效果往往存在差异。本文以济宁市主城区实景三维建模项目为例,探讨地区级实景三维模型成果色彩均衡的技术方法。结果表明:采用基于模型纹理贴图色彩均衡的方法可以有效提高模型成果整体的目视效果,同时相较于基于原始影像预处理的模型色彩均衡方法,该方法效率提高了9倍。 相似文献
13.
本文采用地理信息系统技术（GIS）与水文/水动力学相结合的方法,使用修正的SCS模型进行产流模拟,利用局部等体积法和水动力模型进行汇流模拟,建立了基于情景的城市暴雨内涝危险性模拟工具,并对相同雨强情景下不同汇流模型的模拟结果与精度进行了对比分析。结果表明：（1）局部等体积法计算简单,对降雨的时程分配较为敏感,峰前历时和雨强对结果影响显著,较适合于雨型确定的城市暴雨内涝危险性快速模拟;水动力模型计算复杂,与整个降雨历时存在明显关系,模拟精度较高。（2）利用台风“麦莎”带来强降雨导致的积水实测数据,对模拟结果进行对比和验证,表明本文建立的水动力模型法模拟结果与实测降雨积水更为接近,更适合上海中心城区暴雨内涝危险性情景模拟。 相似文献
14.
城市活力的科学定量评估,能够为城市规划和协调发展提供重要依据,针对城市活力容易忽略居民情感的现状,本文选用百度热力图数据与微博情感分析结果,分别衡量人群集聚强度和情绪强度,并结合TOPSIS方法,提出一种顾及人群集聚和情绪强度的综合活力评估框架。从城市物理环境、经济环境和生态环境3个维度,选择8个关键影响因子,结合地理探测器空间分析方法,探讨影响因子对城市活力空间异质性的影响。结果表明：① 融合人群集聚强度和情绪强度的综合活力评估方法,能够较好反映城市活力空间分异格局;通过对典型样本区域分析,验证了本文提出的城市综合活力评价框架的有效性;② 城市POI密度对城市综合活力的解释力最显著,而植被覆盖度因子对城市综合活力的解释力最弱;但是植被覆盖度因子与其他因子的交互作用,对于城市活力空间异质性的影响力提升最为显著,表明植被覆盖度因子并不是直接作用于城市活力的空间异质性,而是通过耦合空间可达性、POI密度以及建筑密度等影响因子,间接影响城市综合活力的空间分异。 相似文献
15.
城市土地利用优化配置分析应用——以济南市为例 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
对城市土地资源进行优化配置,提高城市土地利用的集约程度,是当前城市土地利用研究领域中的热点问题。本文以济南市为研究区,通过构建系统动力学模型对济南市土地利用的数量结构进行预测,在此基础上,利用ArcGIS软件的二次开发语言编写程序,实现了济南市土地利用的空间优化配置,为济南市城市内部土地资源的合理开发与利用,提供决策参考。 相似文献
16.
研究城市功能子区域的动态演变特征可以帮助人们理解城市发展规律和进行城市规划,然而对这种动态性进行分析的手段一直以来较为匮乏。城市出行大数据的出现虽然提供了刻画和分析功能子区及其动态的工具,但是在方法层面仍缺乏克服长时期出行数据内在时空随机性的方案。本研究尝试从长时间段人口稳定流动的层面来分析城市内部是否存在具有完备功能的子区域。将具有完备功能的子区域定义为城市结构中内部流量显著高于外部连通流量且相对稳定的子区域的集合,并利用多年份的出租车轨迹数据来构建城市居民出行网络,进而利用网络分析中的社团发现算法来探测城市的完备功能子区域及其随时间的动态变化。为了实现这一目标,本研究提出了一种针对时序轨迹数据的时空耦合网络模型,尝试克服多年份出租车出行数据中潜在的时空随机性（如：时空突变）,并在此模型的基础上提出了一种基于多层网络社团发现算法的城市完备功能子区动态探测手段,实现对城市完备功能子区域时空演变的追踪分析。最后,以北京市2012—2017年的出租车轨迹数据为例,使用该方法实现了北京市城区完备功能子区的动态探测,进而揭示了4类不同完备功能子区域的特征与发展态势。 相似文献
17.
城市道路交通网络通达性是城市规划、交通体系建设等所要考虑的重要方面。利用GIS技术,以距离度量模型、道路加权核密度模型、路网连通度和公交服务指数为基础,分别从路网连接结构、路网密度、路网发育程度、公交便捷性几方面建立综合通达性指标,分析宁波市中心城区道路网络通达性及其空间特征。研究表明:宁波市中心城区的综合通达性以江东区和海曙区最优,其次为鄞州区和江北区,北仑区和镇海区通达性较差,整体空间格局分异明显;北仑区在道路结构方面优势明显;公交服务指数对综合通达性的影响最为显著。对以往的城市交通网络通达性研究进行一定的改进,为宁波市道路交通网络的建设与布局优化提供理论依据。 相似文献
18.
《中国地理科学(英文版)》2020,(4)
Urban agglomeration is the main spatial organization mode used by the Chinese government to promote the policy of new urbanization strategy. Hence, a better understanding of the urban growth boundary(UGB) has profound theoretical and practical significance regarding sustainable urban development. This study devised a raster-based land use spatial optimization(LUSO) framework, and utilized ant colony optimization(ACO) algorithm to delimit the smart growth boundaries of the Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan city group(CZTCG) in China. The aim of this study is to design a LUSO model to explore an optimal pattern of urban agglomeration for sustainable growth. Multi growth scenario including a single development center, multipolar development and balanced development patterns are generated by the LUSO model for the year of 2050, and the optimum spatial pattern is chosen based on objectives comparison and the present stage of economic and social development in CZTCG. The main results are listed as the following. 1) It is feasible to identify the growth boundaries of the urban agglomeration using the land use spatial optimization model, and the optimal form of the spatial pattern can be defined. 2) With the growth trend of the urban agglomeration gradually spreads from a single center to multi-centers and even small towns, the total optimization target performance gradually increases, which means that the traditional pie-shaped development does not meet the maximum comprehensive benefit of the city group. 3) Subject to the regional social and economic development stage, absolute fair development or simply developing the central city is not conducive to promoting the coordinated development of the urban agglomeration. Gradient equalization and gradual advancement are the best choice for UGB delineation of urban agglomeration. The findings of this study would be useful to identify the UGB in CZTCG for more sustainable urban development in the future. 相似文献
19.
在总结城市群交通网络运输方式多元化、交通节点等级化、结构运行高效化等基本特征的基础上,本文基于GIS空间分析平台构建了城市群交通网络载流模型（Traffic Network Flow-carrying Model, TNFM）,以山东半岛城市群为研究案例区,综合评价和对比了交通网络及各类型交通线路的理论与实际载流能力,得出各行政单元交通线路的缺口指数,并据此提出城市群交通网络的优化与提升方案。研究结果表明：TNFM模型可以有效地评价城市群交通网络的载流能力并得出各行政单元和道路类型的缺口里程,为城市群交通体系规划提供科学依据;山东半岛城市群国道、省道和铁路建设不足,部分城市主干道分流不畅,60%的县市存在各级道路短缺,但高铁和县乡道可以满足载流需求;未来应重点加强上述4类交通线路的建设,完善交通线路间的接口系统,充分发挥高铁和县道的分流作用。 相似文献