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北京平原南口-孙河断裂带昌平旧县探槽古地震事件研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
报道了南口－孙河断裂昌平旧县探槽揭露的丰富的构造变形现象和古地震事件的分期、间隔及同震垂直位移．研究结果表明，全新世时期该断裂曾发生３次古地震事件，它们分别发生在距今（１０６４３± ２５０）ａ—（９７０±１２３５）ａ，（７８９４±１５０）ａ—（７６４±６５０）ａ及（３９８７±１００）ａ－（３６７±３１０）８，同震垂直位移分别为１ｍ，２ ｍ，２ ｍ．依据华北地区历史地震震级与地震地表位错的统计公式，推测相应震级为７．７及７．９级．该探槽研究结果表明，依据微地貌线索，在平原区仍可通过探槽了解断裂全新世活动，并有可能在探槽中见到丰富的细微构造现象．该项研究得到的南口－孙河断裂在全新世存在古地震的认识将对北京地区未来的地震危险性评估有重要意义． 相似文献
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北京平原区隐伏断裂晚第四纪活动性的初步研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
近十余年来,国内外有关平原区隐伏断裂的探测研究取得了长足的进展(King,1980;汪成民等,1988).但到目前为止,多数工作都集中在隐伏断裂的定位及相关各种探测方法研究.本文的重点则是在上述研究的基础上,进一步研究隐伏断裂晚第四纪活动性与活动方式.研究区主要选在北京平原北部令人注目的夏垫断裂和南口-孙河隐伏断裂.1.隐伏断裂研究的一些主要内容1.1 隐伏断裂的准确定位为查明平原区隐伏断裂的准确位置,我们采用化探普查、浅层物探详查和钻探、槽探最后定位等联合 相似文献
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六盘山东麓断裂的古地震研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
野外详细调查和探开挖揭示,在六盘山东麓断裂的孙家庄－海子峡地段自距今４．６万年以来存在有６次古地震位借事件的地质形迷,它们分别发生在距今３５２５０,２０２５０,１４７５０,１２１５０,８５５０和４０００年前,各次事件的重复间隔依次是１５０００,５５００,２６００,３６００和４５５０年。按Ｍ－Ｄ经验关系,事件１,２约相当于８级地震的位错,其余各次事件约相当６．５－７．５级地震的位错。 相似文献
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北京南口-孙河断裂晚第四纪古地震事件的钻孔剖面对比与分析 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
南口-孙河断裂是北京市区隐伏的正倾滑活动断裂,其地震危险性备受关注．将槽探研究活动断层古地震的经验引入到钻探工作中,提出了通过土芯识别断层崖崩积层的模式,并采用三重管取芯技术在南口-孙河断裂带附近采集了连续的原状土芯．通过断坎前崩积层识别、地层累计位移限定与下降盘地层增厚现象分析等方法,初步建立了断裂带距今60ka以来由13次地表位错事件组成的古地震序列．根据复发间隔的差异,将地震活动历史分为3个时段．距今60～40ka之间发生了3次地震,复发间隔为10ka左右．40～25ka之间发生了6次地震,复发间隔多为2．5ka左右．25ka以来发生了4次地震,复发问隔变化较大,其中最近3次地震的复发间隔为5ka左右．复发间隔小的时期也是断层滑动速率大的时期．单次事件的同震位移为0．8—2．2m,均值为1．4m,矩震级相当于6．7～7．1级．研究认为通过钻探技术研究正断层的古地震事件是可行的,但要获得完整的古地震序列,需要足够密集的钻孔和连续的原状土芯． 相似文献
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当探槽开挖长度未跨过断层变形带时，得到的断层垂直位移将偏离断层活动的真实情况，在缺少依据帮助确定断层陡坎原始下坡角的具体位置时，通过断层陡坎高度获得的断层垂直位移也将与实际情况有较大的偏离，文中对此进行了讨论。并讨论了应用断层两侧近水平地层累积变位量的分解确定古地震事件期次的方法，以及探槽剖面中断层两侧同层地层厚度差异是断层活动事件的反映等问题。引用了内蒙古大青山山前断裂和狼山山前断裂、北京平原夏垫断裂和南口－孙河断裂及日本丹那断层探槽开挖的实例。 相似文献
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依据大地测量资料，分析研究了南口－孙河断层的活动性及其对区域构造活动的控制作用。研究认为，南口－孙河断层现今仍有活动，东三旗以西为张性反扭。该断层对首都圈构造活动具有控制作用，为一主干断层，近期活动增强。在首都圈构造活动性研究及地震趋势预测中，对南口－孙河断层必须予以足够的重视 相似文献
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依据大地测量资料，分析研究了南口－孙河断层的活动性及其对区域构造活动的控制作用。研究认为，南口－孙河断层现今仍有活动，东三旗以西为张性反扭。该断层对首都圈构造活动具有控制作用，为一主干断层，近期活动增强。在首都圈构造活动性研究及地震趋势预测中，对南口－孙河断层必须予以足够的重视。 相似文献
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抚边河断裂新活动特征的探讨 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
抚边河断裂是一条在区域地质图上未标明的隐伏断裂，属小金弧形构造西翼的构造成分。在晚更新世晚期以来，该断裂具有较明显的新活动性，并使抚边河两岸的Ⅲ级阶地不对称。历史上该断裂曾发生过三次中强地震，最大者为１９８９年９月２２日小金６．６级地震，表明具备发生７．０级大震的潜在能力。查明该断裂的新活动特征不但有助于隐伏断裂新活动性研究方法的探索，而且有助于进一步认识川青块体内部弧形构造的发展规律。 相似文献
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本文采用地貌分析法确定了云南省通海—石屏地区第四纪中的地表垂直构造形变。应用这个形变资料,根据弹性位错理论求得区内几条活动断层的错距,其中曲江断裂的右旋水平错距为5公里。指出本区在第四纪中主要受北北西—南东东方向的压应力作用。根据地震裂缝、三边测量、定点基线测量和震源机制资料,求得本区现代构造应力场。作者发现它与第四纪构造应力场是相似的。由曲江断裂的平均5—7毫米/年的水平运动速度去估计,通海7.7级地震平均复发周期为300—400年。作者还指出通海地震前400年内,地震活动形成空区。并利用围空地震资料,求得空区内地震震级M与围空地震的断层总面积S之间存在经验关系, M=1gs-3.8 相似文献
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东昆仑活动断裂带及其强震活动 总被引：17，自引：0，他引：17
本文在简述东昆仑活动断裂带的构造背景与演化历史的基础上，重点叙述了该活动断裂带的展布，几何结构，第四纪运动和强震活动等特征，指出，这是一条具有长期演化历史，深部构造背景和第四纪乃至全新强烈活动的断裂带。因而在我国大地构造演化，尤其在青藏高原隆起形成，占有重要地位，同时，它还是我国西部地区一条主要的强震活动构造带，根据现代强震活动记录和在全带新发现的多期全新世古地震及其地表破裂带，分析了大震在断裂带 相似文献
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SEISMOTECTONIC BACKGROUND AND RECURRENCE INTERVAL OF GREAT EARTHQUAKES IN 1679 SANHE- PINGGU M = 8 EARTHQUAKE AREA 总被引：2，自引：3，他引：2 
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下载免费PDF全文 Xiang Hong-fa Fang Zhong-jing Xu Jie Li Ru-cheng Jia San-fa Hao Shu-jian Wang Jing-bo and Zhang Wan-xia 《地震地质》1988,10(1):29
Basined on comprehensive prospecting and investigation, the authors have ascertained that the 1679 San-he-Pinggu M = 8 earthquake occurred in the intersection region of active faults having deep-seated structural background. The NE-trending New Xiadian Fault, which was characterized by dextrall tensile-shear dislocation, was the seismogenic fault of the 1679 M = 8 earthquake. It is suggested that the macroscopic epicenter of the earthquake should be located in Pangezhuang area, where the vertical displacement of seismic faul' was up to 3.16m. According to the average seismic slip rate in this area, and the displacement value of earthequake with a certain magnitude, the recurrence interval of M = 7.5, M=7.0 and M = 8.5 earthquakes in the magistoseismic area of 1679 M = 8 earthquake on Xiadian Fault Zone have been estimated to be 3800,1750, and 800 years (the lower limit), respectively 相似文献
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Using borehole core analysis to reveal Late Quaternary paleoearthquakes along the Nankou-Sunhe Fault,Beijing 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
ShiMin Zhang DanDan Wang XuDong Liu GuoHong Zhang JunXiang Zhao MingHui Luo JunJie Ren Rui Wang YingLi Zhang 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2008,51(8):1154-1168
The Nankou-Sunhe Fault is a buried active normal fault that traverses the urban area of Beijing.Its seismic risks have caused considerable concerns.This paper studies paleoearthquakes along this fault by analyzing and correlating bore-hole cores obtained from triple-tube coring,incorporating experience acquired from trenching.As a result,a model for identifying earthquake-derived colluvium by sediment-core analysis is proposed.Triple-tube coring technique is useful to collect continuous undis-turbed soil core near the Nankou-Sunhe Fault.By identifying fault-scarp colluviums,determining cumulative displacement,and analysing stratum thickening on the hanging wall,we are able to establish a preliminary paleoearthquake sequence consisting of 13 surface-rupturing events since 60 ka.The seismic history can be divided into three periods based on different recurrence intervals.Between 60 and 40 ka,three earthquakes occurred with recurrence interval of ～10 ka.From 40 to 25 ka,there were six earthquakes with the recurrence interval of about 2.5 ka.In the last 25 ka,four earthquakes have taken place with the recurrence interval varying considerably.The recurrence interval between the last three events is ～5 ka.Smaller recurrence intervals correspond to stages of faster fault slip.The coseismic displacement of a single event is 0.8 to 2.2 m,average 1.4 m,largely equivalent to moment magnitudes 6.7-7.1.This study demonstrates the feasibility of bore-hole drilling in investigating paleoearthquakes along normal faults.It also suggests that closely spaced boreholes with continuous undisturbed cores are essential for reconstructing the complete paleoearthquake sequence. 相似文献
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The slip rate and strong earthquake recurrence interval on the Qianning-Kangding segment of the Xianshuihe fault zone 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
IntroductionLocated in the western part of Sichuan Province, China, the Xianshuihe fault zone is a notable strong earthquake zone in the eastern Tibetan Plateau. At its northwestern end, the Xianshuihe fault zone overlaps the Ganzi-Yushu fault in a left-stepping pattern. The fault zone extends southeastwards through Luhuo, Daofu, Kangding, and Moxi and disappears near Shimian, with a total length of 400 km. The fault trends N40(-50°W in the north, and N20(-30°W to the south of Kangdi… 相似文献
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1654年礼县8级地震的发震区地处新构造活动强烈的青藏高原东北缘,位于南北地震带中北段,发育多条活动断裂。礼县8级地震发生在黄土覆盖区,距今约370年,受自然侵蚀与人类活动的影响,其地表破裂带和次生灾害现在已经难以分辨。为此,文章收集整理了1970年以来的地震台网和流动台网观测资料,基于地震层析成像方法,经过联合反演计算,研究1654年礼县8级地震的发震构造。研究根据岷县—礼县—两当一线的小震活动分布,推测存在"岷县—礼县—两当断裂",可能是1654年礼县8级地震的发震断裂,但仍需野外地质工作的进一步研究。 相似文献
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On March 11, 2011, a MW9.0 earthquake occurred in the Japan Trench, causing tremendous casualties, and attracting extensive concern. Based on the results of related research, this paper analyzes the observations, phenomena and understandings of the earthquake from varied aspects, and obtains four main conclusions. (1) The earthquake, occurring in the subduction zone in the Japan Trench located in the northwest boundary of the pacific plate has two zones of concentrated coseismic slip at different depths, and the slip in the deep zone is relatively small. Though there have been many M7.0 historical earthquakes, slips in the shallow zone are large, but there have been few historical strong earthquakes. (2) Constrained by GPS data, the study of fault movement shows that fault movement in the Japan Trench has a background of widely distributed stability and locking (the locking zone is equivalent that of coseismic rupture zone). Perturbation occurred after the 2008 M8.0 Hokkaido earthquake, several M7.0 events had after slips larger than the coseismic slip, and two obvious slow slip events were recorded in 2008 and 2011. Eventually, the March 9, 2011 M7.0 foreshock and the March 11, 2011 MW9.0 mainshock occurred. The pre-earthquake changing of the fault movement in the Japan Trench is quite clear. (3) Traditional precursory observation show no obvious anomaly, possibly due to monitoring reason. Anomaly before earthquake consists of high stress state in focal zone reflected by some seismic activity parameters, short period anomaly in regional ground motion, etc. (4) The analysis of physical property in focal zone aroused more scientific issues, for example, is there obvious difference between physical property in focal zone and its vicinity? Does frictional property of fault determine seismogenic ability and rupture process? Whether pre-earthquake fault movement include pre-slips? Could deep fluid affect fault movement in focal zone? Experience is the best teacher, and authors hope this paper could be a modest spur to induce others in basic research in earthquake forecast and prediction. 相似文献
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通过卫星影像解译、野外实地调查与地质填图,对滇西南地区黑河断裂中西段晚第四纪构造活动特征进行了研究.结果表明,黑河断裂为一条规模较大的区域性活动断裂带,西起沧源县南,向东南止于澜沧江断裂,全长约168 km,走向280°～310°.该断裂晚第四纪新活动性具有一定的差异性和分段性.根据其几何结构、最新活动性及1988年澜沧7.6级地震破裂带特征,可将黑河断裂从西向东划分为沧源-木戛、木戛-南代和南代-勐往三条次级断裂段.其中的中、西段长约88 km,全新世活动显著,活动性质以右旋走滑为主.沿断裂形成了丰富的断错地貌现象.西段断裂的最新活动断错了全新世晚期地层;中段是1988年澜沧7.6级地震的发震断裂之一.根据对断错冲沟的测量和年代测试,得到其全新世以来右旋滑动速率为(3.54±0.78)mm/a,与区域上其它断裂的滑动速率大致相当,反映了其区域构造活动的整体性和协调性. 相似文献
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昆仑山口西8.1级地震前后地壳垂直运动的负位错模型 总被引：9，自引：2，他引：7
利用昆仑山口西8．1级地震震区外围格尔木一五道梁300km长水准测线在1979,1991和2002年3期垂直形变资料,借助研究改进的负位错模型获取发震构造及其相关断裂的运动、变形特征及应力应变积累部位和强度,对与此次大震有关的区域构造形变背景及可能的震后影响进行了研究。结果表明：1991～2002年相对1979～1991年垂直差异运动及应变积累加速增强的特征与昆仑山口西8．1级地震孕育有关;且这样的一个地壳垂直运动加速过程可能还未因地震发生而结束,发震构造相关的断裂构造部位仍有发生较强地震的可能。 相似文献