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1.
本文概述郯城-庐江断裂带地震活动的地质构造背景和第四纪晚期断层新活动与地震的关系。指出沿带地震活动性具有明显的分段性,这与各段位于不同性质的大地构造单元和第四纪晚期断裂活动的差异性有较好的相关性。活断层粘滑运动的遗迹,是鉴别古地震及其重复发生的一种地质标志。同一活动构造带,强震有原地重演的可能。晚更新世以来发生过断层的粘滑运动,而二千多年来又无强震的“地震休眠段”,其危险性将比历史地震区(段)更紧迫。必须考查板内活断裂带强震重复活动的地质-地貌标志和年代学的研究 相似文献
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时间相依模型与泊松模型计算结果的对比分析——以道孚及炉霍潜源为例 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
本文分析了华北平原第四纪主要构造格局和强震活动特点,划分了主要强震构造带,并对其发震能力作了评价。认为坝县-束鹿-邯郸断裂带、唐山-河间-磁县断裂带和黄骅-德州-东明断裂带3条北东向右旋走滑断裂带为华北平原裂谷系从早第三纪伸展拉张作用进入晚第三纪-第四纪走滑剪切拉张作用的产物,这3条断裂带分别位于3个北东向坳陷带中部,并构成了第四纪沉降中心,与营口-潍坊断裂带一起构成华北平原内的主要强震构造。本文最后提出了华北平原区划分潜在震源区应注意的几点问题,进而针对第四代区划图中华北平原区潜在震源区划分综合方案提出了补充修改意见。 相似文献
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北京及周围地区的垂直形变及其速度梯度与地震活动 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
分析了北京及周围地区１９６６～１９９１年的垂直形变速度和形变速度梯度特征。表明长趋势地形变与第四纪构造地貌形态基本相符，反映出现代趋势性构造活动与第四纪以来地壳的主导运动性质是一致的。指出该区的高梯度带是地块在引张作用下，沿活动断裂带发生剪切或剪切—正断而产生的，是强震活动的场所 相似文献
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龙泉山构造带是四川盆地内川西强烈断陷区和川中稳定隆起区之间的一条区域性断裂.2008年汶川地震后该断裂带未来的强震潜势备受关注.本文对该断裂带的展布、晚第四纪活动性、深部构造形成机制以及断裂带未来的地震危险潜势进行了讨论.断裂带北段位于德阳东侧龙泉山脉西缘;龙泉山脉中段的山体两翼存在断裂;断裂带的南段以向西倾斜的断裂为主.这些断裂在晚更新世以来曾有活动,前人阶地调查显现该断裂带全新世存在活动.考虑到该断裂带未来的地震潜势评估,值得对该断裂带的活动性及断裂带深部构造和运动方式开展进一步的调查. 相似文献
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安徽地区历史及现代地震活动与断裂活动性关系研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
安徽地区处于华北板块与扬子板块沿着大别造山带的陆一陆碰撞变形带,构造背景复杂多样,断裂十分发育。郯庐断裂带长期控制着两侧的构造格局,大别山东缘的霍山地区多条断裂在晚第四纪有新活动。史料记载表明安徽地区历史地震以中强震为主,最高震级为M6 1/4级。根据区域地震地质、历史地震近年最新研究成果,对第四纪特别是晚第四纪以来的断裂活动习性做出归纳和分类,并分析历史地震、1970年后有仪器记载以来中等强度地震和小地震密集与断裂活动的相关性,为中长期地震预测提供依据。 相似文献
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正霍山山前断裂带是山西断陷盆地带中部重要的边界活动断裂带之一,是我国依据历史文献记载确定的第一个8级大地震(1303年洪洞M=8大地震)的发震断层。围绕该断裂带的晚第四纪活动,包括断裂带的几何展布特征、构造地貌、活动方式、古地震等的深入研究,不仅对系统认识山西断陷盆地带晚第四纪活动历史具有重要理论意义,还对山西省的防震减灾工 相似文献
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库玛断裂带强震活动与地震空区研究 总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12
库玛断裂带作为青藏高原内部的一条强地震活动带, 1900年以来发生过3次7级地震,其中2次7级大震前均出现5级以上地震的背景空区,表明背景空区对该带大震具有中长期预报意义。最近一次背景空区业已形成,并出现与之配套的孕震空区,其演化图像符合强震孕育模式。研究发现,库玛断裂带中段ML 3以上地震空区,对共和7级强震及周边200 km的强震有前兆意义。 相似文献
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松潘—龙门山地区主要活动断裂带第四纪活动特征 总被引：31，自引：0，他引：31
本文主要根据我们近两年来对松潘—龙门山地区主要断裂带的野外调查成果,并参考前人资料,结合第四纪年代学和断层活动性与地震关系的研究,重点讨论了松潘—龙门山地区几条主要活动断裂带的第四纪活动特征。研究结果表明:这几条活动断裂带在中、晚更新世以来活动的强弱与其地震活动在时、空分布上的不均匀性有较好的一致性,即地震活动的强度、频度严格受断裂带在中、晚更新世以来的活动强度、活动方式的制约,强震主要发生在晚更新世以来断裂的最新活动段上。 相似文献
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雅鲁藏布大峡谷地区构造和地震活动特征 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
雅鲁藏布大峡谷地区位于喜马拉雅东构造结前锋地带,新构造运动和地震活动都十分强烈,两者关系密切。区内发育有北北东-北东向和北西西-北西向两组断裂构造,调查研究表明,它们的规模、性质、活动时代、活动强度等特征具有明显的差异：北西西-北西向断裂规模较大,多为逆冲、逆走滑断层,形成较早;北北东-北东向断裂单条规模相对不大,常集中分布,构成北北东向的剪切拉张断裂构造带,形成较晚,第四纪晚期活动明显。强震主要发生在喜马拉雅山差异运动强烈地带或地段,如块体周边的深大断裂带及其附近。7级以L地震主要与断裂构造带中规模较大、全新世强烈活动段、断裂几何构造复杂部位或多组方向断裂交汇密切相关。其中,7．5级以上地震发生在断裂构造带中走滑分量较大的北西向和北东向断裂带上。 相似文献
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2017年四川九寨沟MS7.0地震是继2008年汶川MS8.0地震和2013年芦山MS7.0地震之后,青藏高原东缘在不到十年的时间内发生的第三个震级MS7.0以上的强震.这次地震发生在东昆仑断裂带东端,作为青藏高原东北缘的一条大型左旋走滑断裂带,东昆仑断裂带与东端其它构造之间的转换关系仍不清楚,因区内地质构造和地形复杂,东昆仑断裂带东端的主要构造仍缺少深入的研究.本文在总结区域地震构造活动特征、历史地震和现代地震基础上,通过东昆仑断裂带东端已有的和最近开展的活动构造定量研究结果,并结合现今GPS变形场资料和2017年九寨沟MS7.0地震灾害特征分析,发现东昆仑断裂带最东段塔藏断裂上的左旋走滑除了一小部分继续向东传播转移到文县断裂带上外,大部分转化为其南侧的龙日坝断裂带北段、岷江断裂和虎牙断裂上的近东西向地壳缩短,这可能是岷山隆起的构造机制,而2017年九寨沟MS7.0地震正是左旋走滑的东昆仑断裂带在东端继续向东扩展的结果. 相似文献
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NEW DISCOVERY OF RESHUI-TAOSTUO RIVER FAULT IN DULAN,QINGHAI PROVINCE AND ITS IMPLICATIONS 
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下载免费PDF全文 LI Zhi-min REN Zhi-kun LIU Jin-rui HA Guang-hao LI Zheng-fang WANG Bo WANG Lin-jian 《地震地质》1979,42(1):18-32
The 40km-long, NEE trending Reshui-Taostuo River Fault was found in the southern Dulan-Chaka highland by recent field investigation, which is a strike-slip fault with some normal component. DEM data was generated by small unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)on key geomorphic units with resolution<0.05m. Based on the interpretation and field investigation, we get two conclusions:1)It is the first time to define the Reshui-Taostuo River Fault, and the fault is 40km long with a 6km-long surface rupture; 2)There are left-handed dislocations in the gullies and terraces cut by the fault. On the high-resolution DEM image obtained by UAV, the offsets are(9.3±0.5) m, (17.9±1.5) m, and(36.8±2) m, measured by topographic profile recovery of gullies. The recovery measurements of two terraces present that the horizontal offset of T1/T0 is(18.2±1.5) m and the T2/T1 is (35.8±2) m, which is consistent with the offsets from gullies. According to the historical earthquake records, a M5 3/4 earthquake on April 10, 1938 and a MS5.0 earthquake on March 21, 1952 occurred at the eastern end of the surface rupture, which may be related to the activity of the fault. By checking the county records of Dulan and other relevant data, we find that there are no literature records about the two earthquakes, which is possibly due to the far distance to the epicenter at that time, the scarcity of population in Dulan, or that the earthquake occurred too long ago that led to losing its records. The southernmost ends of the Eastern Kunlun Fault and the Elashan Fault converge to form a wedge-shaped extruded fault block toward the northwest. The Dulan Basin, located at the end of the wedge-shaped fault block, is affected by regional NE and SW principal compressive stress and the shear stress of the two boundary faults. The Dulan Basin experienced a complex deformation process of compression accompanying with extension. In the process of extrusion, the specific form of extension is the strike-slip faults at each side of the wedge, and there is indeed a north-east and south-west compression between the two controlling wedge-shaped fault block boundary faults, the Eastern Kunlun and Elashan Faults. The inferred mechanism of triangular wedge extrusion deformation in this area is quite different from the pure rigid extrusion model. Therefore, Dulan Basin is a wedge-shaped block sandwiched between the two large-scale strike-slip faults. Due to the compression of the northeast and southwest directions of the region, the peripheral faults of the Dulan Basin form a series of southeast converging plume thrust faults on the northeast edge of the basin near the Elashan Fault, which are parallel to the Elashan Fault in morphology and may converge with the Elashan Fault in subsurface. The southern marginal fault of the Dulan Basin(Reshui-Taostuo River Fault)near the Eastern Kunlun fault zone is jointly affected by the left-lateral strike-slip Eastern Kunlun Fault and the right-lateral strike-slip Elashan Fault, presenting a left-lateral strike-slip characteristic. Meanwhile, the wedge-shaped fault block extrudes to the northwest, causing local extension at the southeast end, and the fault shows the extensional deformation. These faults absorb or transform the shear stress in the northeastern margin of the Tibet Plateau. Therefore, our discovery of the Dulan Reshui-Taostuo River Fault provides important constraints for better understanding of the internal deformation mode and mechanism of the fault block in the northeastern Tibetan plateau.
The strike of Reshui-Taostuo River Fault is different from the southern marginal fault of the Qaidam Basin. The Qaidam south marginal burial fault is the boundary fault between the Qaidam Basin and the East Kunlun structural belt, with a total length of ~500km. The geophysical data show that Qaidam south marginal burial fault forms at the boundary between the positive gravity anomaly of the southern East Kunlun structural belt and the negative gravity anomaly gradient zone of the northern Qaidam Basin, showing as a thrust fault towards the basin. The western segment of the fault was active at late Pleistocene, and the eastern segment near Dulan County was active at early-middle Pleistocene. The Reshui-Taostuo River Fault is characterized by sinistral strike-slip with a normal component. The field evidence indicates that the latest active period of this fault was Holocene, with a total length of only 40km. Neither remote sensing image interpretation nor field investigation indicate the fault extends further westward and intersects with the Qaidam south marginal burial fault. Moreover, it shows that its strike is relatively consistent with the East Kunlun fault zone in spatial distribution and has a certain angle with the burial fault in the southern margin of Qaidam Basin. Therefore, there is no structural connection between the Reshui-Taostuo River Fault and the Qaidam south marginal burial fault. 相似文献
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1937年托索湖7.5级地震发生在东昆仑活动断裂带的东段,前人曾对该地震组织过4次不同程度的考察,并得出了4种不同的结果。带着上述问题对该地震地表破裂带重新进行了实地考察、测量和综合研究,然后对该地震地表破裂带的西端点、最大左旋水平位移量、最大垂直位移量、宏观震中等问题进行了重新厘定,认为1937年托索湖7.5级地震地表破裂带西端点在阿拉克湖以西,长度至少为240km,最大左旋水平位移量为8m,垂直位移量为3.5m,宏观震中在三岔口一带 相似文献
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The Riyue Mt. Fault is a secondary fault controlled by the major regional boundary faults (East Kunlun Fault and Qilian-Haiyuan Fault). It lies in the interior of Qaidam-Qilianshan block and between the major regional boundary faults. The Riyue Mt. fault zone locates in the special tectonic setting which can provide some evidences for recent activity of outward extension of NE Tibetan plateau, so it is of significance to determine the activity of Riyue Mt. Fault since late Pleistocene to Holocene. In this paper, we have obtained some findings along the Dezhou segment of Riyue Mt. Fault by interpreting the piedmont alluvial fans, measuring fault scarps, and excavating trenches across the fault scarp. The findings are as follows:(1) Since the late Pleistocene, there are an alluvial fan fp and three river terraces T1-T3 formed on the Dezhou segment. The abandonment age of fp is approximately (21.2±0.6) ka, and that of the river terrace T2 is (12.4±0.11) ka. (2) Since the late Pleistocene, the dextral strike-slip rate of the Riyue Mt. Fault is (2.41±0.25) mm/a. In the Holocene, the dextral strike-slip rate of the fault is (2.18±0.40) mm/a, and its vertical displacement rate is (0.24±0.16) mm/a. This result indicates that the dextral strike-slip rate of the Riyue Mt. Fault has not changed since the late Pleistocene. It is believed that, as one of the dextral strikeslip faults, sandwiched between the the regional big left-lateral strike-slip faults, the Riyue Mt. Fault didn't cut the boundary zone of the large block. What's more, the dextral strike-slip faults play an important role in the coordination of deformation between the sub-blocks during the long term growth and expansion of the northeast Tibetan plateau. 相似文献
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沿格尔木—五道梁公路测线 1979,2 0 0 1年的 2期水准观测资料表明 :1)东昆仑山及可可西里地区现今相对于柴达木盆地仍在发生继承性的隆升运动。 1979— 2 0 0 1年期间 ,昆仑山口主峰一带相对于格尔木约上升了 2 80mm ,上升速率高达 15mm/a ;五道梁相对于格尔木上升了约 2 10mm ,上升速率约 10mm/a。 2 )昆仑山口至五道梁之间的可可西里地区 ,在相对于柴达木盆地以 7mm/a的速度整体抬升的同时 ,还相对于南、北两侧的五道梁和昆仑山隆起区以 3～ 7mm/a的速度下沉。 3)格尔木—五道梁剖面垂直形变整体符合俯冲 -逆掩地壳增厚模式 ,其中 ,沿西大滩断裂、中昆仑山断裂和昆仑山北缘断裂带的逆冲推覆运动 ,占了整个东昆仑山现今构造隆起的大部分 ,其逆冲推覆运动有自南向北衰减的特点。 4 )地质调查结果表明 ,沿 2 0 0 1年 11月 14日昆仑山口西MS8.1地震 35 0km的左旋破裂带 ,可以划分出若干个不均匀错动段 ,错动量最大可达 6m ,最小只有 2m。基于Okada (1985 )位错模型的理论计算结果表明 ,地震断层不均匀左旋错动可以在昆仑山口破裂带 相似文献
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The Ximalin fault is the northwest section of the Ximalin-Shuiquan fault, which is part of the north-edge fault zone of the Yanghe Basin, located in the conjunction of the Zhangjiakou-Bohai fault zone and Shanxi fault-depression basin, and its structural geometry and deformation characteristics can facilitate the research on the interaction of the two tectonic belts. In this paper, data of geological surveys and geophysical exploration are used to study this fault exhaustively, concerning its geometry, structural features and activity as well as its relationship with adjacent faults and rule in the deformation transform of the north-edge fault zone of the Yanghe Basin. The results show that the Ximalin Fault is a strike-slip feature with thrust component. Its vertical slip rates are 0.17mm/a and 0.25~0.38mm/a, and the horizontal slip rate is 0.58~0.67mm/a and 0.50mm/a during the late Middle Pleistocene and Holocene, respectively. It is formed alternately by the NW-trending main faults and secondary NE-trending faults, of which the former is characterized by high-angle reverse with sinistral strike-slip, and the latter shows normal faulting. The two sets of structures have specific structural geometry relations, and the motion manners and deformation characteristics match each other. During the active process of the north-edge fault of the Yanghe Basin, the NW trending Ximalin fault played a role similar to a transform fault in deformation change and stress transfer, and its sinistral strike slip activity accommodated the NE trending normal faulting at the both ends. 相似文献
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最新GPS观测资料研究表明喜马拉雅东构造结周边主要断裂带在不同构造部位其运动特征不同.雅鲁藏布江断裂总体表现为右旋挤压运动,东构造结以西走滑速率为2~4 mm/a、挤压速率为1~4 mm/a,东构造结附近走滑速率为6~7 mm/a、挤压速率为1~4 mm/a;嘉黎断裂带从东构造结以西的右旋走滑运动,到东构造结附近的弱右旋走滑运动,转变为东构造结东南部的左旋走滑运动,走滑速率分别为4~6 mm/a、1~2 mm/a和3~5 mm/a.怒江断裂带在构造结以西主要为挤压运动,运动速率1~2 mm/a;在东构造结及其东南部则表现为右旋挤压运动,走滑速率为2~3 mm/a、挤压速率1~2.5 mm/a.以上结果表明,尽管东构造结形成于中生代,但现今对周边主要断裂带的运动仍有一定的影响;嘉黎断裂带东南段可能不是青藏高原右旋剪切带的南部边界. 相似文献
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银川盆地是华北克拉通西部构造活动较为强烈的一个新生代断陷盆地.为了研究银川盆地的地壳浅部结构和活动断裂特征,我们利用2014年在银川盆地完成的深地震反射剖面数据,采用初至波层析成像方法得到了银川盆地高精度的基底P波速度结构和构造形态;考虑到仅根据速度结构剖面还难以确定断裂的准确位置、断层上断点埋深、断层的近地表构造组合样式等特征,研究中还采用浅层地震反射波勘探方法对银川盆地内的隐伏断裂和1739年平罗8.0级地震的地表破裂带浅部结构进行了高分辨率成像.研究结果表明:银川盆地与两侧地块的浅层P波速度结构和沉积盖层厚度差异较大,银川盆地总体呈现出明显的低速结构特征,盆地基底面起伏变化较大,基底最深处位于芦花台断裂和银川断裂之间的银川市下方,其深度约为7000~7200 m;贺兰山隆起区显示为明显的高速特征,地表出露中-古生代基岩地层,缺失新生代地层;鄂尔多斯地块西缘的浅层P波速度明显高于银川盆地,基底埋深相对较浅,推测其新生界地层厚度小于2500 m.浅层地震反射剖面揭示的地层反射界面形态和断裂的浅部构造特征非常清楚,黄河断裂、贺兰山东麓断裂、银川断裂和芦花台断裂不仅是错断盆地基底的断裂,而且还是第四纪以来的隐伏活动断裂,这些断裂的交替活动形成了"堑中堑"的盆地结构,并对银川盆地的形成、盆地内的新生代地层厚度和第四纪沉降中心具有重要的控制作用;在近地表这些断裂表现为由2~3条断层组成的"Y字形"断裂构造,且主断裂的最新活动可追踪至晚更新世末期或全新世,是构造继承性活动的结果.本文的研究结果不仅可为进一步分析银川盆地的基底结构、隐伏断裂特征和活动构造研究等提供新的地震学证据,而且还可为该区城市规划中避让活动断层提供科学依据. 相似文献
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拉脊山断裂带在遥感影像上具有明显的线性构造特征,由拉脊山北缘断裂带和拉脊山南缘断裂带向北东凸出的弧形挤压逆冲断裂带构成,成为北侧的西宁—民和盆地、南侧的循化—化隆盆地和东侧的临夏盆地等多个晚新生代断陷盆地的边界,拉脊山北缘断裂带全长230km,由数段弧状不连续的断裂带组成。拉脊山南缘断裂带全长220km,由5段不连续宽缓波状断裂带组成,其左旋活动形成了拉张型的山间盆地——千户盆地,左旋水平位移180～640m不等。历史上沿拉脊山南、北两侧发生过20余次5级左右中等破坏性地震,这与遥感解译该断裂带的几何特征相一致。 相似文献
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龙首山断裂带位于青藏高原向北东推挤的最前缘,是河西走廊与阿拉善地块之间的分界断裂之一.虽然观测精度有限,1954年发生在该断裂带上的71/4级地震是该断裂上少有的有现代地震观测和记录的大地震.本次地震仅在龙首山北缘断裂带两个次级断裂段之间的一条转换断层上形成了长7 km左右的连续地震地表破裂带,以北西向右旋兼正断为主要特征,这与区域上近东西向左旋逆断构造运动特征差异较大.经过多次野外调查和地质填图,发现在主断层上没有形成地震地表破裂带,而地震震害的分布又完全受龙首山南北两条断裂所围限,说明地震的孕震可能与龙首山断裂带主断裂有关,转换断层上的地表破裂仅为局部的应力释放.利用震源机制解资料,通过静态库仑应力变化模拟可以看到,如果主震发生在南缘断裂上,对地表破裂有显著的触发作用.综合考虑北缘断层可能存在的动态触发作用,说明目前所见地表破裂是龙首山断裂带主断裂地震的同震响应.小震精定位也显示,龙首山南北两侧的断裂在约10 km范围内形成一狭窄的倒三角形,并有向北扩展的趋势. 相似文献