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1.
蚌类在湿地生态系统元素的富集与转化过程中发挥重要作用.以巢湖常见扭蚌（Arconaia lanceolata）、三角帆蚌（Hyriopsis cumingii）、褶纹冠蚌（Cristaria plicata）和圆顶珠蚌（Unio douglasiae）为对象,分析其内脏团、外套膜（包含鳃,下同）和斧足中5种微量元素（Cu、Zn、As、Cd、Pb）的含量.结果表明：5种元素在4种蚌体内均有检出,除Zn在圆顶珠蚌组织间表现为外套膜>内脏团>斧足外,4种蚌体组织间5种微量元素含量均表现为内脏团 > 外套膜 > 斧足;4种蚌类各微量元素平均含量均表现为Zn > Cu > As > Pb > Cd;Cu和Pb在4种蚌类中的平均含量表现为扭蚌 > 褶纹冠蚌 > 圆顶珠蚌 > 三角帆蚌,扭蚌各组织中Pb含量是其他3种蚌类的2.62~6.99倍,Zn的各平均含量表现为圆顶珠蚌 > 扭蚌 > 三角帆蚌 > 褶纹冠蚌,As表现为圆顶珠蚌 > 三角帆蚌 > 褶纹冠蚌 > 扭蚌,Cd表现为扭蚌 > 圆顶珠蚌 > 三角帆蚌 > 褶纹冠蚌,Cd在圆顶珠蚌和扭蚌中的含量是三角帆蚌和褶纹冠蚌的2.75~6.08倍.不同种类之间微量元素含量的差异大于同一种类微量元素含量的空间差异.微量元素污染较重的河口区蚌体组织具有较高的微量元素含量,污染较轻的河口中蚌体组织各微量元素含量也相对较低,表明蚌类可作为巢湖水体微量元素污染监测的指示生物.4种蚌类中Pb、Cd、As含量均未超出国家食品安全标准的限定值. 相似文献
2.
测定了冲绳海槽Jade热液区（127°04．5′E,27°15′N,水深1300～1450m）热液硫化物的元素和铀系同位素组成．结果表明,含硫酸盐矿物的热液硫化物（样品HOK1和HOK2）具有LREEs相对富集的特点,所研究的热液硫化物样品（除样品HOK1外）属富Zn型热液硫化物．与其他海区的富Zn热液硫化物相比,具有高Zn,Pb,Ag,Cd,Au和Hg含量,低Fe,Al,Cr,Co,Ni,Sr．Te,Cs,T1和U含量,以及极低的210Pb放射性比度值和210Pb／Pb比值的特点．在以闪锌矿为主的热液硫化物中,稀有元素Hf与U,Mn元素之间以及分散元素Ga与Zn之间均存在显著的正相关关系,且Au,Ag与Fe．硫化物有关,低温阶段有利于Au,Ag的富集．同时,Fe-Bi之间和Zn-Cd之间的正相关关系,不受矿物组合变化的影响．根据热液硫化物中210Pb／Pb比值（3．99×10^-5～5．42×10^-5）,结合其具有U同位素（^238U含量1．15×10^-6～2．53×10^-6。^238U放射性比度值1．07～1．87dpm／g,^234U放射性比度值1．15～2．09dpm／g,234U／^238U比值1．07～1．14）存在,而^232Th和230Th均处于背景水平的事实,得到冲绳海槽Jade热液区热液硫化物样品的形成年龄在0．2～2ka之间． 相似文献
3.
为了在大纵深尺度上揭示石英脉型金矿矿物学标型的变化规律和矿化富集规律,为矿床深部预测提供矿物学标志,对我国最大金矿集区典型石英脉型矿床邓格庄金矿的黄铁矿晶体形态、化学成分和热电性标型特征进行了研究．结果表明：邓格庄金矿黄铁矿的晶体形态以{100},{210}单形晶及其聚形为主;{210}和{100}＋{210}与矿化成正相关关系,而{100}呈负相关关系;f100}＋{210}可作为寻找富矿的依据．黄铁矿的成分亏S富As,特征元素为Mo,As,Pb,Cu,Bi,Zn,Au,Co,Se,Sb,Ag,Ni,Cr和Te;Au和Ag的沉淀主要发生在石英黄铁矿阶段和多金属硫化物阶段．邓格庄金矿P型黄铁矿的出现率为83．52％;与胶东几个典型金矿比较,本矿床黄铁矿热电系数（功值离散性较大;从早到晚不同阶段黄铁矿的热电导型组合变化为P≥N→P〉N→P〉〉N→P〉〉N→P≥N．黄铁矿中As为成矿有利元素,As＋Sb＋Se＋Te和Co＋Ni的相对含量分别与P型和N型均值、出现率呈正相关关系．通过对成矿温度标定、矿化深度和剥蚀程度的判别及矿体延伸规模研究表明：邓格庄金矿成矿温度为150～322℃,为中低温矿床,矿体已剥蚀到中上部,矿体延伸长度〉900m．根据黄铁矿导型及热电系数在垂向上的变化和导型填图结果,邓格庄金矿I2-2矿体94勘探线北东向-425—800m标高可能存在较好的找矿远景． 相似文献
4.
树木年轮中某些化学元素含量与环境变化——以西安市区二个地点为例 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为探讨树木年轮化学在研究环境污染方面的应用价值及西安某些地区的化学元素污染历史,研究了采集于西安市西郊某钢铁厂和长安区一村庄附近的椿树和桐树树盘以及相应位置的土壤样品,用湿法消化和ICP法检测了1992年以来逐年树轮及2007年土壤中Cd,Mn,P,Pb和Zn五种元素的浓度．结果表明树轮中部分元素浓度的变化趋势和该钢铁厂的运营历史相一致．通过计算各元素的自相关系数,从统计学角度发现所研究的两种树中化学元素在树轮内的迁移特征：Pb和Mn元素在树轮中不迁移,Cd元素有1a的向外迁移趋势,P元素存在2～3a迁移,Zn元素在椿树中迁移3a．这一结果与前人的实验结果基本吻合．初步揭示西安某些地点的化学元素污染历史,表明树木年轮化学在研究环境污染方面具有很大的潜力． 相似文献
5.
鄱阳湖饶河段重金属污染水平与迁移特性 总被引：12，自引：2，他引：10
鄱阳湖饶河入湖段是鄱阳湖重金属污染最严重的水域之一,为了研究其污染现状,本文于2005年3月平水期对鄱阳湖饶河段的水体、底泥、土壤及水生植物的重金属污染水平及迁移特性进行了调查与分析．结果表明,饶河段水体中的重金属除Pb的含量超出地表水环境质量标准Ⅲ类标准外,其它各项监测指标均能达到地表水环境质量Ⅲ类标准．饶河段底泥及河滩土壤的重金属含量平均值与国家土壤环境质量相比,Zn、Cd的平均值超出了三级标准,而Cu、Pb的含量指标均符合三级标准;通过地质积累指数评价结果表明,饶河段重金属底泥除Zn污染为中度污染以外,其他各种重金属污染为轻度污染或偏中度污染,且饶河段底泥中Cu、Zn、Ph三种重金属元素之间呈极显著正相关．饶河段水生植物对Cu、 Zn、Ph都有不同程度的富集;根据富集系数评价表明,植物对Cu的平均富集能力相对较强些,其次是Pb和Zn,多数水生植物表现出对Cd具有一定的抗性． 相似文献
6.
太湖流域滆湖底泥重金属赋存特征及其生物有效性 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了探讨太湖流域滆湖底泥重金属(Cd、Cr、Cu、Zn、Ni和Pb)的赋存特征及其生物有效性,对底泥重金属总量、形态以及生物富集量进行了分析.结果表明,6种重金属含量的空间分布表现为北部湖区最高,其次为南部湖区,中部湖区最低,重金属Ni、Cu、Zn和Pb含量显著高于沉积物背景值,分别是背景值的4.77、3.89、2.96和2.76倍,重金属总量与沉积物中的黏土成分含量具有显著相关性.采用三级四部提取法对重金属形态进行分析表明,6种重金属的生物有效态(弱酸结合态、可还原态和可氧化态之和)含量顺序为CdCuZnPbNiCr,其中Cd、Cu、Zn和Pb的生物有效态含量分别占总量的84.15%、78.47%、76.50%和64.29%.Cu和Zn在铜锈环棱螺中富集含量要显著高于其他金属元素.相关性分析表明,6种重金属中仅Cr和Pb的生物富集量与有效态含量具有显著相关性,这表明,重金属在生物体内的富集不仅与有效态含量有关,还与底泥重金属总量有关.因此,评价滆湖重金属的生态风险时需要综合考虑重金属的总量及生物有效态含量. 相似文献
7.
洞庭湖流域湘江铜锈环棱螺(Bellamya aeruginosa)的重金属富集特征及其膳食风险评估 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
洞庭湖流域对湘江湖南段6个城市江段铜锈环棱螺（Bellamya aeruginosa）腹足和内脏团的As、Cd、Pb、Cu、Zn、Cr富集量进行分析,运用单因子污染指数法评价其受污染程度,并分别采用平均每周/每月摄入量法和目标危害系数法对其膳食风险进行评估,旨在为湘江流域居民铜锈环棱螺的消费安全提供参考.结果显示,铜锈环棱螺腹足As、Cd、Pb、Cu和Zn的富集量均值分别为0.92、1.65、0.90、13.01和67.62 mg/kg,Cr未检出,As、Cd、Pb和Cu的超标率分别为87.06%、27.06%、24.72%和2.35%.内脏团As、Cd、Pb、Cu、Zn和Cr的富集量均值分别为9.61、3.21、3.75、33.58、169.05和1.23 mg/kg,As、Cd、Pb、Cu和Cr超标率分别为100%、71.76%、65.88%、14.12%和75.8%.所有江段成人As、Cu和Zn的每周摄入量均值和最高值均低于FAO/WHO食品添加剂联合专家委员会（JECFA）提出的暂定每周耐受摄入量参考值（PTWI）,但株洲成人Cd的每月摄入量均值超过其每月耐受摄入量参考值,且最大值是其参考值的3.44倍,永州、湘潭地区成人Cd的每月摄入量最大值也分别是其参考值的1.16和1.68倍.所有江段铜锈环棱螺摄入的单一重金属健康风险值除As外均小于1,但多种重金属复合暴露健康风险值均接近或大于1.结果表明,湘江湖南段6个城市江段铜锈环棱螺均受到一定程度的污染,其中衡阳、湘潭和株洲江段较为严重,且各江段铜锈环棱螺内脏团重金属富集量整体上均高于腹足,故当地居民长期食用后存在潜在的健康风险. 相似文献
8.
随着城市化进程的不断加快,不同用地类型上产生的降雨径流中重金属含量高且差异较大,而目前仍缺乏对降雨径流所携带的重金属风险评价的研究.以苏州城区为研究对象,选取商业区、居住区、历史文化保护区和文教区,监测降雨径流中铜（Cu）、锌（Zn）和铅（Pb）3种常见重金属浓度,通过物种敏感性分布（SSD）曲线获取预测无效应浓度（PNEC）,基于重金属的生态有效性,应用风险商（RQ）法对重金属的生态风险进行评价.结果表明：以6场有效降雨事件的事件平均浓度（EMC）统计结果的平均值为分析依据,对照《地表水环境质量标准》（GB 3838—2002）,苏州城区径流中的Zn、Cu浓度满足Ⅱ类水质标准,Pb浓度则劣于Ⅴ类水质标准;主要受地面交通活动和屋面材料的影响;在不同用地类型内Cu、Pb和Zn浓度的分布存在一定差异,商业区受重金属污染程度最为严重,其余3种用地类型均不同程度受到不同重金属的污染,对应的3种重金属的生态风险在不同用地类型内也显示相同规律;不同的重金属产生不同的环境行为,导致对水生生物的毒性差异较大,降雨径流中的重金属浓度在水环境中产生的有效生态风险程度为Pb > Cu > Zn.研究认为Cu、Zn和Pb对淡水生物的生态风险均达到高风险程度,而我国目前的《地表水环境质量标准》未充分考虑生态影响,低估了部分重金属的生态风险. 相似文献
9.
Current study presents the application of chemometric techniques to comprehend the interrelations among sediment variables whilst identifying the possible pollution source at Langat River,Malaysia.Surface sediment samples（0-10 cm）were collected at 22 sampling stations and analyzed for total metals（~（48）Cd,~（29）Cu,~（30）Zn,~（82）Pb）,pH,redox potential（Eh）,salinity,electrical conductivity（EC）,loss on ignition（LOI）and cation exchange capacity（CEC）.The principal component analysis（PCA）scrutinized the origin of environmental pollution by various anthropogenic and natural activities：four principal components were obtained with 86.34%（5 cm）and88.34%（10 cm）.Standard,forward and backward stepwise discriminant analysis effectively discriminate 2variables（84.06%）indicating high variation of heavy metals accumulation at both depth.The cluster analysis accounted for high input of Zn and Pb at LA8,LA 10,LA 11 and LA 12 that mergers three（5 cm）and four（10cm）into clusters.This is consistent with the contamination factor（C_1）that shows high Cd（LA 1）and Pb（LA 7,LA 8,LA 10,LA 11 and LA 12）contaminations at 5cm.These indicate that Pb and Zn are the most bioavailable metals in the sediment with significant positive linear relationship at both sediment depths.Therefore,this approach is a good indication of environmental pollution status that transfers new findings on the assessment of heavy metals by interpreting large complex datasets and predicting the fate of heavy metals in the sediment. 相似文献
10.
以云南某地1∶20万区域地球化学为例,选取其中的Ag、Cd、Co、Cu、Mn、Mo、Ni、Pb、Zn、Sn、W等11个数据,运用含量-面积法对上述元素分析,建立元素的C-A分形模型,研究表明,元素在空间分布上服从分形分布特征,可以通过不同的分维值来刻画;分形方法可以有效的分析地球化学的背景场与异常场,根据元素异常场的分维值,可以从元素空间富集角度对地球化学元素进行分类,研究表明,Cu、Sn、Ag、Pb、Zn、Cd、Mn可以为本区的主要成矿元素,具有找矿潜力。 相似文献
11.
A method is described for the specific hydrolysis of amino acids from humic substances by using the proteolytic enzyme “Pronase E”. The amino acids are analyzed by a fluorescence detector after precolumn derivatization and HPLC-separation. The pattern and the concentration of amino acids after the enzymatic hydrolysis are set up for humic substances of different origin. Due to the results the enzymatic hydrolysis is suitable for the characterization of humic substances with a nitrogen content higher than 3%. As shown in a kinetic study of the hydrolysis of a fulvic acid the influence of humic substances on the enzyme activity increases in case of lower nitrogen content. Due to the specificity of the proteolytic enzyme the operationally defined method is limited as shown by a protein of a known amino acid content. The amino acids leucine, valine, tyrosine and histidine are released to the highest extent. The determined total extent for the hydrolysis of Insulin B is 26.34% and for Casein 38.37%. By comparison of the enzymatic hydrolysis with the classic acid hydrolysis the advantages of the biochemical method are the simple experimental handling and the mild reaction conditions. Amino acids which are very unstable like glutamine and asparagine can only be analyzed by the enzymatic hydrolysis. 相似文献
12.
福建省数字化形变资料的异常分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了提取中短期地震前兆信息,对福建省2006～2008年数字化形变观测整点值资料进行了二进小波多分辨率分析,结果表明：小波分析结果的细节部分dn主要包含周期为2n-2a＋1小时的信号,而近似部分‰包含所有周期大于2n＋1小时的信号;在此期间,福建省及其邻近地区的中强地震发生前,多数形变观测台站或测项同步接收到了周期大约为21～43d幅度较大的异常信号,这些信号可能是地震前兆。 相似文献
13.
《国际泥沙研究》2015,(3)
This study is based on the assessment of distribution,source apportionment and risk assessment of selected metals in freshly deposited sediments from freshwater lake,Pakistan.Composite sediments were collected and processed to assess Ca(NO_3)_2-extractable and acid-extractable levels of the metals in the sediments using flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry.Enrichment factors(EF),geoaccumulation indices(I_(geo)),contamination factors(C_f) and degree of contamination(C_(deg)) were computed to estimate the degree of contamination.The potential ecological risk was assessed using sediment quality guidelines and mean-ERM-quotient(m-ERM-Q).On the average basis,acid-extractable metals followed the decreasing concentration order:CaMgFeKMnNaSrZnPbCrCoCu-LiCd,whereas,the Ca(NO_3)_2-extractable levels were:NaPhCdSrCoCrKMg-CuZnLiCaFeMn.The highest Ca(NO_3)_2 extractable concentrations were observed for Na,Pb and Cd,while that of Ca,Fe and Mn were the least.EF showed very high and extremely high enrichment of Pb and Cd,respectively,while Ca,Co,Cr,Li,Mg,Mn,Sr and Zn manifested moderate enrichment:the I_(geo) results revealed moderate to strong and strong to extreme pollution for Pb and Cd,respectively;and the C_f study showed moderate,considerable and very high contamination by Co,Pb and Cd,respectively.The C_(deg) revealed very high degree of contamination in the sediments as a whole.Principal component analysis(PCA) and cluster analysis(CA) showed considerable anthropogenic contributions of Cd,Pb,Co,Mn,K,Zn and Li in the sediments.Measured levels of Cd and Pb exceeded ERL values,manifesting occasional adverse biological effects to the dwelling biota.Moreover,the mERM-Q study manifested 21%probability of toxicity in the sediments. 相似文献
14.
Biosorption using activated sludge biomass (ASB) as a potentially sustainable technology for the treatment of wastewater containing different metal ions (Cd(II), Pb(II) and Zn(II)) was investigated. ASB metal uptake clearly competed with protons consumed by microbial biomass compared with control tests with non‐activated sludge biomass. Biosorption tests confirmed maximum exchange between metal ions and protons at pH 2.0–4.5. It was revealed by the study that the amount of metal ions released from the biomass increased with biomass sludge concentration. The result showed that maximum absorption of metal ions was observed for Cd(II) at pH 3.5, Pb(II) at pH 4.0, and pH 4.5 for Zn(II) ions. The maximum absorption capacities of ASB for Cd(II), Pb(II) and Zn(II) were determined to be 59.3, 68.5 and 86.5%, respectively. The biosorption of heavy metals was directly proportional to ASB stabilization corresponding to a reduction in heavy metals in the order of Cd < Pb < Zn. The order of increase of biosorption of metal ions in ASB was Zn(II) < Pb(II) < Cd(II), and this was opposite to that of non active sludge. The results indicate that ASB is a sustainable tools for the bioremediation of Cd(II), Pb(II) and Zn(II) ions from industrial sludge and wastewater treatment plants. 相似文献
15.
Edward R. Sholkovitz 《Earth and Planetary Science Letters》1978,41(1):77-86
A laboratory experiment was carried out in which the flocculation products, formed from the mixing of filtered (0.4 μm) river water and seawater, were analysed. This study established that Fe, Mn, Al, Cu, Ni, Cd and Co have resolvable and well-defined estuarine chemistries. Copper, Ni, Mn and Co have salinity dependences of removal which are similar to those of dissolved Fe and humic acids. The amount of removal of the above trace metals increases between 0 and 15–18‰, after which little additional removal occurs. The extents of removal from river water are very different: Fe, 95%; Al, 20%; Cu, Ni, 40%; Co, 10%; Cd, 5% and Mn, 25–45%. The basic removal mechanism appears to be the estuarine flocculation of trace metals which exist, in part, in river water as colloids in association with colloidal humic acids and hydrous iron oxides. A qualitative model, based on this mechanism, supports the observations of this flocculation study.The results of this study give the most complete and consistent set of data presently available, from which to postulate the most important processes controlling the estuarine chemistry of trace metals. The generality of their behaviours still needs to be determined by future investigations. 相似文献
16.
乌梁素海大气重金属沉降入湖通量初步估算 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
重金属元素以大气颗粒物为载体,最终以沉降的方式进入湖泊水体,会引起湖泊的重金属污染.为调查大气沉降对乌梁素海重金属污染的贡献,于2013年7月1日至30日围绕乌梁素海进行大气沉降样品采集,分别测定Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd、Cr、Hg、As 7种重金属元素的含量,并在此基础上估算7月大气重金属沉降通量及入湖量.结果表明,乌梁素海重金属元素大气沉降通量大小依次为:ZnPbCuCrAsHgCd.结合社会调查情况及数据分析显示,大气微粒携带重金属借助风力迁移,较大的沉降通量出现在主风向的下风向区域,说明风向是影响乌梁素海大气重金属沉降通量的主要因素之一.排干输入与大气沉降方式下的乌梁素海重金属入湖量比较发现,大气沉降是除排干输入外湖泊的另一重要重金属污染源.Zn、Pb、Cu、Cr、As、Hg、Cd等重金属元素月入湖量分别为10.6、1.04、1.02、0.833、0.342、0.00514、0.00281t/月.通过估算底泥重金属增量来评价大气沉降对湖泊重金属的贡献表明,大气Hg、Zn、Pb、Cu、As、Cd、Cr等重金属沉降对湖泊贡献率分别为46.4%、44.7%、14.1%、12.0%、8.48%、4.75%、4.03%. 相似文献
17.
《Acta Geochimica》2015,(4)
Many studies have been conducted on heavy metal concentrations in urban outdoor dust in China,showing that differences exist in the metal concentrations of different cities. However, no report has studied the distribution of heavy metals across Chinese cities. This work presents the spatial distribution of heavy metals in urban outdoor dust in Chinese cities and discusses the causes for the differences in heavy metal levels across cities by analyzing and summarizing data for 20 provincial capitals from the published scientific literature. The results show that the geometric mean values of Ni and Cr in urban dust of China are lower than or comparable to crustal levels, whereas levels of Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn are significantly greater than crustal levels. The spatial distributions of Cu, Pb, and Zn in urban dust all exhibit a pattern in which heavy metal levels are greater in cities located in the south of China than in the north. Commercial areas and residential-education areas accumulate more Cd in their dust than industrial areas and traffic areas, and industrial areas and residential-education areas accumulate more Pb than commercial areas and traffic areas. The Zn level in dust from industrial areas is significantly greater than in other areas, and Cu exhibits no significant difference between different functional areas. A positive correlation exists between Cd and Zn in urban dust and population density. Urban dust Pb in Chinese cities is lower than the world average as calculated using data for thirteen cities in different countries. Cd, Cu, and Zn levels in China are close to world averages. 相似文献
18.
Qiu Qiu Yutao Wang Zhongyi Yang Junliang Xin Jiangang Yuan Jianbing Wang Guorong Xin 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2011,39(11):925-932
To reduce the potential risks of cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) entering the human food chain in vegetables, two pot experiments (Exp. 1 and Exp. 2) were carried out to screen for Cd and Pb pollution‐safe cultivars (PSCs) of Chinese flowering cabbage (Brassica parachinensis L.). The three Cd treatments in Exp. 1 (0.114, 0.667, and 1.127 mg kg?1) showed that Chinese flowering cabbage could easily take up Cd from polluted soils, and there were wide variations in Cd accumulation among different cultivars. The Cd accumulation trait at cultivar level was rather stable under different soil Cd treatments. In Exp. 2, seven cultivars that had been shown in Exp. 1 to be typical high or low accumulators of Cd were selected and six Cd + Pb joint exposure treatments were applied to them. The results showed that there were similar trends of accumulation between Cd and Pb for the tested cultivars, but Pb accumulation by the species was much poorer than that of Cd. It was worth noting that an increase in soil Pb levels significantly (p < 0.01) depressed shoot Cd accumulation. Six cultivars were selected as Cd + Pb PSCs. This study showed that it is feasible to apply a PSC strategy in Chinese flowering cabbage cultivation, to cope with the Cd and Pb contamination commonly found in agricultural soils. 相似文献
19.
In this study, the biosorption of Cd(II), Ni(II) and Pb(II) on Aspergillus niger in a batch system was investigated, and optimal condition determined by means of central composite design (CCD) under response surface methodology (RSM). Biomass inactivated by heat and pretreated by alkali solution was used in the determination of optimal conditions. The effect of initial solution pH, biomass dose and initial ion concentration on the removal efficiency of metal ions by A. niger was optimized using a design of experiment (DOE) method. Experimental results indicated that the optimal conditions for biosorption were 5.22 g/L, 89.93 mg/L and 6.01 for biomass dose, initial ion concentration and solution pH, respectively. Enhancement of metal biosorption capacity of the dried biomass by pretreatment with sodium hydroxide was observed. Maximal removal efficiencies for Cd(II), Ni(III) and Pb(II) ions of 98, 80 and 99% were achieved, respectively. The biosorption capacity of A. niger biomass obtained for Cd(II), Ni(II) and Pb(II) ions was 2.2, 1.6 and 4.7 mg/g, respectively. According to these observations the fungal biomass of A. niger is a suitable biosorbent for the removal of heavy metals from aqueous solutions. Multiple response optimization was applied to the experimental data to discover the optimal conditions for a set of responses, simultaneously, by using a desirability function. 相似文献
20.
The distribution and sources of heavy metals in Izmit Bay surface sediments affected by a polluted stream 总被引：20，自引：0，他引：20
Pekey H 《Marine pollution bulletin》2006,52(10):1197-1208
Dil Deresi stream is a highly contaminated stream passing through the most heavily industrialized area of Izmit Bay. In this research, surface sediments in the <63-microm fraction collected from 34 sites at western part of Izmit Bay, Northeastern Marmara Sea, Turkey were analyzed by ICP-AES for Al, As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sn and Zn. Metal concentrations were compared with the marine sediment quality standards (SQS) and literature data to assess the pollution status of the sediments. Enrichment factors (EFs) were calculated to assess whether the concentrations observed represent background or contaminated levels. The analysis revealed three groups of elements: (1) Sn is the most enriched element; (2) As, Cd, Pb and Zn are minor enriched elements; and (3) Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn and Ni are at background concentrations. The distribution maps of the concentrations and enrichment factors for all heavy metals were also produced as a contour plot based on Geographic Information System (GIS) technology. 相似文献