| 太湖流域滆湖底泥重金属赋存特征及其生物有效性 |
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| 引用本文： | 包先明,晁建颖,尹洪斌.太湖流域滆湖底泥重金属赋存特征及其生物有效性[J].湖泊科学,2016,28(5):1010-1017. |
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| 作者姓名： | 包先明 晁建颖 尹洪斌 |
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| 作者单位： | 淮北师范大学生命科学学院, 淮北 235000,环境保护部南京环境科学研究所, 南京 210042,中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所, 南京 210008 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项（2012ZX07103-005）资助. |
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| 摘 要： | 为了探讨太湖流域滆湖底泥重金属(Cd、Cr、Cu、Zn、Ni和Pb)的赋存特征及其生物有效性,对底泥重金属总量、形态以及生物富集量进行了分析.结果表明,6种重金属含量的空间分布表现为北部湖区最高,其次为南部湖区,中部湖区最低,重金属Ni、Cu、Zn和Pb含量显著高于沉积物背景值,分别是背景值的4.77、3.89、2.96和2.76倍,重金属总量与沉积物中的黏土成分含量具有显著相关性.采用三级四部提取法对重金属形态进行分析表明,6种重金属的生物有效态(弱酸结合态、可还原态和可氧化态之和)含量顺序为CdCuZnPbNiCr,其中Cd、Cu、Zn和Pb的生物有效态含量分别占总量的84.15%、78.47%、76.50%和64.29%.Cu和Zn在铜锈环棱螺中富集含量要显著高于其他金属元素.相关性分析表明,6种重金属中仅Cr和Pb的生物富集量与有效态含量具有显著相关性,这表明,重金属在生物体内的富集不仅与有效态含量有关,还与底泥重金属总量有关.因此,评价滆湖重金属的生态风险时需要综合考虑重金属的总量及生物有效态含量.
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| 关 键 词： | 沉积物 重金属 赋存特征 生物有效性 滆湖 太湖流域 铜锈环棱螺 |
| 收稿时间： | 2015/8/16 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2015/10/28 0:00:00 |
Occurrence characteristics and bioavailability of heavy metals in surface sediments of Lake Gehu, Taihu Basin |
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| BAO Xianming,CHAO Jianying and YIN Hongbin.Occurrence characteristics and bioavailability of heavy metals in surface sediments of Lake Gehu, Taihu Basin[J].Journal of Lake Science,2016,28(5):1010-1017. |
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| Authors: | BAO Xianming CHAO Jianying and YIN Hongbin |
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| Institution: | College of Life Science, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei 235000, P. R. China,Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Nanjing 210042, P. R. China and Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, P. R. China |
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| Abstract: | To investigate the occurrence characteristics and bioavailability of heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Zn, Ni and Pb) in the sediments of Lake Gehu, total content, speciation and bioaccumulation of heavy metals were analyzed. Results showed that distribution of six heavy metals in the surface sediments indicated the highest degree of contamination in the north region, followed by the south region, and the lowest in the central region. Ni, Cu, Zn and Pb contents were significantly higher than background values, which were 4.77, 3.89, 2.96 and 2.76 times higher than background values, respectively. Total heavy metal contents were significantly correlated with contents of clay particle. Speciation analysis of heavy metals showed that bioavailability fraction (sum of acid-extractable, reducible and oxidizable fractions) followed a descending order as:Cd >Cu >Zn >Pb >Ni >Cr. Bioavailability fraction contents of Cd, Cu, Zn and Pb were 84.15%, 78.47%, 76.50% and 78.47% of the total contents, respectively, which showed a relatively high potential ecological risk. Cu and Zn contents accumulated in Bellamya aeruginosa were significantly higher than other metal elements contents. Correlation analysis indicated that only Cr and Pb contents accumulated in Bellamya aeruginosa had significant correlation with bioavailability fraction contents; it turned out that the heavy metals contents accumulated in organism were not only related to the bioavailability fraction contents, but also related to total heavy metals contents in sediments. Therefore, it is necessary to consider total contents and bioavailability of heavy metals contents when we evaluate ecological risk of heavy metals in Lake Gehu. |
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| Keywords: | Sediment heavy metals occurrence characteristics bioavailability Lake Gehu Taihu Basin Bellamya aeruginosa |
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