共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 44 毫秒
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用土的分形结构确定土的水份特征曲线 总被引：4，自引：4，他引：4
运用筛析法和比重计法，分析了宁夏膨胀土的颗粒分布，发现粒径介于0．002～0．1mm的粒度分布是分形的，分维介于2．46～2．67；运用上孔隙分布的分维确定水份特征曲线，得到了很好的结果。此外，还探讨了粒度分形分布的机制。 相似文献
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非饱和土的水分特征曲线的分形模型 总被引：23，自引：6，他引：23
水分特征曲线的分形模型以分为三类：土颗粒分布的分形模型、土体孔隙表面的分形模型和土体孔隙分布的分形模型。根据土孔隙分布的分形模型，提出了水分特征曲线的通用表达式。水分特征曲线的通用表达不仅能很好地预测近饱和状态和干土状态时的水分特征曲线，也能用相同的分维估算水分特征曲线的脱水曲线和吸水曲线。 相似文献
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固体颗粒破碎后的粒径分布符合分形模型,颗粒破碎程度采用粒径分布的分维表示。本文采用垃圾炉渣的颗粒破碎试验,统计计算炉渣颗粒破碎的分维。收集总结了岩石颗粒破碎分维随破碎应力和破碎能量的变化规律,颗粒破碎的分维是变化的,随着破碎应力和破碎能量增加而增加,颗粒完全破碎后的粒径分布的分维趋于定值,为2.6左右。将颗粒破碎过程中变化的分维称为颗粒破碎的“似分维”,简称分维;分维的极限值称为“真分维”。结合颗粒破碎概率的Weibull统计理论,建立了颗粒破碎“似分维”与破碎应力和破碎能量的相关关系。 相似文献
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为了建立一种参数有明确物理意义的土-水特征曲线拟合方法,基于分形理论,给出了一种直接通过土-水特征曲线实测数据求解分维数的计算方法,建议了一种土-水特征曲线拟合分析的分形模型。为验证所建议拟合方法的合理性,采用液压千斤顶制作了7个不同干密度黏性土试样,利用压力板仪测量了土-水特征曲线。基于土-水特征曲线实测值计算了分维数,在此基础之上对土-水特征曲线实测数据进行分析拟合。结果表明：分维数计算及拟合分析时,7个试样相关系数都集中在0.97～0.99之间,从而证明了土-水特征曲线具有良好的分形特性,建议的拟合方法效果较好。此外,研究发现,分维数、进气值随干密度几乎呈线性增加,据此建议了一种不同压实度下的土-水特征曲线预测方法,其预测结果与实测值吻合较好。 相似文献
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以某矿区原状土为研究对象,针对细粒土颗粒结构的复杂性和不规则性,基于分形理论,通过颗粒分析、渗透试验和界限含水率试验,建立了细粒土粒度分形维数与不均匀系数、渗透系数及界限含水率的相关关系,从而揭示了这一类土粒度分维的物理意义。试验研究表明:土的颗粒级配越好,分维越大,不均匀系数就越大,水通过孔隙的能力变弱,渗透系数则越小。当土分维数小于某一数值时,土的界限含水率随分维值的增大而减小;分维大于这一数值时,各界限含水率指标又与分维值呈正相关关系。研究结果为该地区这一类细粒土的工程特性提供较好的研究思路和理论支持。 相似文献
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红土是一种特殊土,其成分和结构决定了红土本身具有不同于一般粘性土的工程地质性质。红土中游离氧化铁的存在使土颗粒之间产生胶结,是土具有“假粉性”和“假砂性”特征的主要原因。研究发现,游离氧化铁含量和形态的改变,将直接影响红土颗粒的粒度分布。通过对不同pH值红土试样的颗粒成分进行测试,借助分形理论得到不同pH值红土粒度成分分维值。计算发现,不管是否在测试过程中采用分散剂,土粒度分维曲线上都存在两个无标度区。pH值的改变引起了土粒度分维的变化,随pH值的增大,土粒度分维值也变大,反应出土的细颗粒含量增加,土颗粒所形成的集合体越分散。土pH值的大小与粒度成分分维、游离氧化铁含量之间的内在联系,揭示出了红土中游离氧化铁对土颗粒胶结的本质。 相似文献
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膨胀土裂隙的平面描述分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
通过室外数码成像,记录了不同含水量下原状膨胀土表面裂隙的开展状态,基于MATLAB软件用二值化像素统计的方法对膨胀土表面裂隙率与含水量的关系进行了量化,并且在二值化图像的基础上,基于AutoLISP程序对原状膨胀土表面裂隙的分形维数进行自动化统计。分析结果表明,膨胀土表面裂隙率和分形维数与含水量的关系基本呈线性关系,单位含水量变化引起裂隙率和分维的不同变化特征可对膨胀土胀缩性做出相应区分;二值化像素和分形维数统计的方法均可对原状膨胀土表面裂隙进行描述分析,为进一步研究膨胀土的裂隙性提供了有效途径。 相似文献
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分形计算方法能较准确地计算膨润土的膨胀变形,但系数K没有确切的计算方法,限制了该方法的广泛应用。基于双电层（DDL）理论和分形方法在双电层膨胀下都适用的理论事实,提出在双电层膨胀条件下采用DDL理论推导出分形方法中系数K的方法,并计算出商用膨润土的K值为9.15。对商用膨润土进行了N2吸附试验,利用等温吸附数据计算出该膨润土的表面分维为2.65,然后根据得出的系数K和表面分维采用分形方法计算了膨润土的最大膨胀率并与膨胀试验结果作对比。结果表明,分形方法的理论计算和试验结果基本一致,尤其是在施加压力较大而膨胀变形较小的情况下,分形计算方法计算结果比起双电层理论更符合试验数据。 相似文献
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构造煤纳米孔非均质性研究对于揭示煤层气赋存状态和传输特性具有重要意义.选取低-中煤级典型序列构造煤样品,基于高压压汞和低温液氮相结合的方法计算了构造煤基质压缩系数,并分析了Menger、热力学、Sierpinski和FHH分形模型对构造煤的适用性,进一步揭示了孔隙分形特征,糜棱煤的Menger分形曲线呈现三段式分布,而对于原生煤、碎裂煤、片状煤、鳞片煤和揉皱煤而言,Sierpinski模型、Menger模型、热力学模型以及FHH模型分段点分别为100 nm、72 nm、72 596 nm和8 nm.Menger模型分形维数大于3且拟合偏差较大,不适合表征构造煤的孔隙非均质性.Sierpinski模型适合于描述构造煤的纳米孔分形特征;FHH模型适合于表征原生煤及构造煤8~100 nm的孔隙非均质性.Sierpinski模型微米孔（>100 nm）的分形维数（Ds1）随着构造变形的增强先升高,而后降低,在片状煤中达到最高;Sierpinski模型纳米孔（< 100 nm,Ds2c）和FHH模型 < 8 nm的孔隙的非均质性随构造变形的增强逐渐升高.原生煤和脆性变形煤中,Ds1 > Ds2c,表明为微米孔非均质性强于纳米孔;鳞片煤中,Ds1接近于Ds2c;揉皱煤中,Ds1 < Ds2c,表明纳米孔的非均质性强于微米孔. 相似文献
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The dynamics of active regions have been investigated using multi-fractal analysis methods, based on magnetograms of the full solar disk in the 630.2 nm line obtained with the SOLIS vector spectromagnetograph of Kitt Peak Observatory (USA) during 2006?C2007 and January 1, 2009?CApril 12, 2010. The applied method of multi-fractal segmentation reveals the appearance of new magnetic fluxes on the Sun disk. A comparison of these fluxes with flare activity shows that the flares are generated in areas of interaction of emerging fluxes with existing structures. 相似文献
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Fractal dynamics of geomagnetic storms 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Naïma Zaourar Mohamed Hamoudi Matthias Holschneider Mioara Mandea 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2013,6(6):1693-1702
We explore fluctuations of the horizontal component of the Earth’s magnetic field to identify scaling behaviour of the temporal variability in geomagnetic data recorded by the Intermagnet observatories during the solar cycle 23 (years 1996 to 2005). In this work, we use the remarkable ability of scaling wavelet exponents to highlight the singularities associated with discontinuities present in the magnetograms obtained at two magnetic observatories for six intense magnetic storms, including the sudden storm commencements of 14 July 2000, 29–31 October and 20–21 November 2003. In the active intervals that occurred during geomagnetic storms, we observe a rapid and unidirectional change in the spectral scaling exponent at the time of storm onset. The corresponding fractal features suggest that the dynamics of the whole time series is similar to that of a fractional Brownian motion. Our findings point to an evident relatively sudden change related to the emergence of persistency of the fractal power exponent fluctuations precedes an intense magnetic storm. These first results could be useful in the framework of extreme events prediction studies. 相似文献
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Mathematical Geosciences - Fractal analysis has, for some time, been used to evaluate the roughness of both natural and engineered surfaces. Since the introduction of fractal geometry, evidence of... 相似文献
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Fractal trees as a model for drainage systems are described in its generalized non-homogeneous form from the viewpoint of fractal geometry. Box covering techniques are used to show the numerical equivalence between the Hausdorff-Besicovitch dimension and the similarity dimension of the fractally-dominant dust formed by the sources. In this way, the similarity relationD=log (N)/log (1/r) is reinterpreted in terms of bifurcation and length ratio (r B andr L ) asD=log (r B )/log (r L ). We test this relation for non-homogeneous exact fractal trees and two natural drainage systems. The fact thatr B andr L are common parameters in quantitative geomorphology allows a trivial stimation of the fractal dimension of well-known drainage basins. 相似文献
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Fractal trees as a model for drainage systems are described in its generalized non-homogeneous form from the viewpoint of fractal geometry. Box covering techniques are used to show the numerical equivalence between the Hausdorff-Besicovitch dimension and the similarity dimension of the fractally-dominant dust formed by the sources. In this way, the similarity relationD=log (N)/log (1/r) is reinterpreted in terms of bifurcation and length ratio (r
B
andr
L
) asD=log (r
B
)/log (r
L
). We test this relation for non-homogeneous exact fractal trees and two natural drainage systems. The fact thatr
B
andr
L
are common parameters in quantitative geomorphology allows a trivial stimation of the fractal dimension of well-known drainage basins. 相似文献
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本文根据褶皱的白相似性特征,引用分形概念,分析褶皱的分形分布特性,并利用MichaelBamsley（1986）的分形插值理论首次模拟褶皱的复杂形态,主要利用插值点（x、y）和褶皱扰动系数d模拟各种褶皱,在此基础上,提出褶皱复杂程度的分形分类方案。这种新的分类方案即褶皱形态的传统分类名称附缀分形分类名称,解决了传统分类方法不能区分褶皱复杂性的难题。这种方法使褶皱的形态分析达到较精确的定量描述和分类,分形分类方法是对褶雏形态分类的一个补充。 相似文献
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Weathering: Toward a Fractal Quantifying 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Klaudia Oleschko Jean-Francois Parrot Gerardo Ronquillo Sergey Shoba Georges Stoops Vera Marcelino 《Mathematical Geology》2004,36(5):607-627
Weathering occurs over a wide range of scales. To link features through these scales is a major challenge for interdisciplinary weathering studies. Fractal approach seems to be specially useful for this purpose. We introduce a multistep fractal weathering assessment scheme devoted to extract fractal weathering classifiers from texture analysis of the mineral's image. Our scheme enables to quantitatively estimate the global and local information about the geometry of the weathering pattern. This information is basic to develop geometrical indices of weathering, which can significantly enrich the common qualitative and semiquantitative weathering assessment schemes. To justify the fractal approach, a strong statistical self-similarity has been documented for both the weathering and fresh features of two common silica minerals: quartz and biogenic A-opal (phytolith) over four orders of length scales. The procedure is fast, drastically reduces thresholding bias, promises to be universal, it is valid for genetically different minerals and rock types, scale independent, and specially useful for monitoring the changes in the mineral's roughness during the alteration. Two of the proposed classifiers seem to be potentially useful for direct application in the field and be used by nonspecialist. 相似文献