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湘东北燕山晚期花岗岩构造环境判别 总被引：12，自引：1，他引：12
在湘东北中生代多期陆内花岗岩浆活动中，燕山晚期花岗岩占有重要地位，燕山晚期大规模花岗岩侵入代表一种特殊的构造环境。本文通过湘东北主要燕山晚期花岗岩的岩石化学和微量元素来判别成岩构造环境，认为该期花岗岩属于富碱质的钙碱性花岗岩，为陆内拉张环境下的产物，进一步进行构造环境分类，判别其属于后造山PA型花岗岩，形成于造山作用后期的拉张环境，与陆内裂谷长期拉张的构造环境明显不同。在区域构造演化分析的基础上，提出湘东北燕山晚期花岗岩形成于印支－燕山早期陆内挤压－走滑剪切造山作用后期的构造松弛阶段拉张环境，燕山晚期PA型花岗岩的出现标志着陆内活化由挤压向拉张的构造转折，同时也反映湘东北的陆内活化至少经历了陆内挤压和陆内拉张两个演化阶段。 相似文献
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闽西晚中生代基性岩脉的地球化学研究 总被引：20，自引：3，他引：17
对闽西三个地区基性岩脉的地球化学研究发现,该区域的基性岩脉为亚碱性岩石系列,具有高 Al、低 Ti、Na2O > K2O的特征;相对富集大离子亲石元素,亏损高强场元素.半村辉绿岩脉和拔里角闪辉长岩脉以 Nb、Ta、Ti负异常为特征,林子坟辉长辉绿岩脉具有 Nb、Ta负异常和 Ti弱正异常.半村和拔里的岩脉稀土元素总量高,明显富集轻稀土元素,(La/Yb)N=6.8～8.4;林子坟的岩脉稀土元素总量相对较低,轻稀土元素弱富集,(La/Yb)N=2.0.结合基性岩脉的地球化学特征和区域构造演化分析,初步认为半村和拔里的基性岩脉来自与俯冲作用有关的富大离子亲石元素流体交代的富集地幔;林子坟基性岩脉是软流圈地幔部分熔融的产物,地壳混染作用是其相对富集大离子亲石元素的原因.结合玄武岩构造环境判别图解可知,半村和拔里岩脉具有的大陆边缘弧的特征并不指示基性岩脉形成的构造环境,而是说明其源区受到俯冲板片派生出来的流体交代作用.半村和拔里岩脉形成于大陆板内拉张带,林子坟岩脉形成于板内裂谷环境.与华南其他地区的基性岩脉对比表明,虽然晚中生代华南地区处于拉张的构造背景下,但是岩脉形成的构造环境与微量元素地球化学特征均有明显的差异,反映了各地区构造环境演变和地幔演化的复杂性. 相似文献
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滇中老街子铅-银矿床位于金沙江-哀牢山富碱斑岩成矿带内的姚安铅多金属成矿区。区内富碱岩脉广泛发育,与构造活动关系密切,按矿物组合主要分为正长斑岩脉、粗面斑岩脉、煌斑岩脉和白榴石斑岩脉。铅-银矿(化)体主要赋存于正长斑岩体内,在粗面斑岩脉上、下盘加富。富碱岩脉受断裂构造控制,主要呈NE向展布,其次为NW向;岩脉(体)间的穿插关系显示侵位顺序为：(粗面岩→)正长斑岩脉(体)→粗面斑岩脉→白榴石斑岩脉→煌斑岩脉。岩石地球化学特征指示,4类富碱岩脉均属钾玄岩系列岩石,形成于俯冲背景下碰撞后的板内拉张环境,主要来源于下地壳,并混入少量地幔组分。由于不同程度的岩浆演化及源区岩浆房内的分带,导致岩浆在逐层上升侵位后,形成不同矿物组合和化学组分的富碱岩脉(体)。对比分析4类富碱岩脉的时空分布及源区特征,结合其与构造、成矿的耦合关系,构建富碱岩脉时空结构模型,为深部及外围找矿预测提供依据。 相似文献
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在玉龙滩地区古元古代托赖岩群变质岩中发现了一套基性岩脉侵入体,岩石类型主要为辉长岩、辉绿岩,侵入于托赖岩群片麻岩、片岩,岩脉长轴走向大多以北西向为主,个别近南北向或北东向,露头规模一般长10~35m,宽5~10m。通过同位素测年分析辉绿岩脉地质时代为早二叠世,结合对地质特征、岩石学特征、岩石化学、地球化学特征的研究,认为其属于拉斑玄武系列,形成于伸展性构造环境。结合本区区域地质分析,该岩脉可能为祁连山造山带加里东期造山运动结束之后,由于陆壳加厚而发生伸展崩塌,造成幔源基性岩浆底侵,形成了该类相当于基性岩墙的产物。反映北祁连地区在早二叠世有一期陆壳加厚伸展背景下的基性岩浆底侵事件。 相似文献
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新疆阿拉套山南缘分布有由众多岩性复杂的脉岩所组成的岩墙群,部分岩墙与成矿作用密切相关,是了解该地区地壳生长过程的重要窗口。其西段出露大量中酸性脉岩,脉岩侵入到上泥盆统托斯库尔他乌组地层,以闪长岩脉为主,含少量花岗斑岩脉和霏细岩脉。为了探讨花岗斑岩的形成时代、岩浆源区和构造背景,对其进行了锆石U-Pb年龄测定和Sr、Nd同位素研究。分析结果显示,花岗斑岩锆石U-Pb(加权平均)年龄为310 Ma,说明花岗斑岩脉形成于晚石炭世早期,该年龄与北天山沙湾流纹岩(形成于陆板内拉张环境)的喷发时代(310 Ma)以及区内察哈乌苏岩基的形成时代(313 Ma)十分接近,是阿拉套山西段最晚一期岩浆活动的产物。Sr、Nd同位素分析结果表明,该岩脉具有中等ISr值(0.709 328~0.710 018)、负的εNd(t)值(-3.92~-2.33)和较大的Nd同位素模式年龄(1 294~1 502 Ma)特征,明显不同于同时期西天山乃至新疆北部众多的花岗岩类,后者普遍拥有低ISr值、正的高εNd(t)值和较年轻的Nd同位素模式年龄,是幔源玄武质岩浆底侵、发生岩浆的同化分离结晶作用或岩浆混合作用的结果,说明该花岗斑岩脉不太可能是幔源岩浆底侵演化的产物,其岩浆源区可能来自成熟度比较高的前寒武纪基底岩石。310 Ma以后,阿拉套山地区逐渐进入后碰撞伸展阶段,处于陆壳垂向生长、区域构造应力场显示拉张的构造环境,花岗斑岩脉可能形成于同碰撞挤压向后碰撞伸展背景转换的过渡阶段。 相似文献
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粤北长江铀矿田位于诸广山复式岩体中南部,发育不同类型和期次基性岩脉。文章通过开展系统的岩石学、Ar-Ar年代学和地球化学分析,探究了基性岩脉类型、成岩年龄、构造背景、岩浆来源以及与铀成矿的关系。岩石学和年代学研究表明,该地区基性岩脉类型主要为辉绿岩、辉绿玢岩、闪斜煌岩及辉石煌斑岩等,基性岩脉至少分为三期：136.8 Ma、120.7 Ma、113.8～110.1 Ma,与华南中生代主要的地壳拉张活动时间相一致。地球化学研究结果表明,基性岩脉中大离子亲石元素Rb、Ba、K、Sr富集,高场元素Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf、Ti相对亏损,各类元素参数特征显示其具有拉张裂谷带玄武岩地球化学特征,可能为俯冲交代作用形成的富集地幔部分熔融形成。综合分析认为,该地区铀成矿作用是基性岩脉侵位后的地质事件,基性岩脉与铀成矿时空关系密切,受控于华南岩石圈伸展的动力学背景。 相似文献
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扬子北缘大洪山地区广泛出露北西-南东向基性岩脉,脉体主要侵位于区内前南华系基底砂板岩、白云岩中,而南华系及上覆盖层中少见.长期以来,这套基性侵入岩的形成时代和背景都存在疑问.通过对七里冲、姚家咀、姚家冲、刘关4个地区的基性岩脉进行锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb测年,获得成岩年龄分别为433.7 Ma、435.6 Ma、433.4 Ma、436.4 Ma,这些年龄值在误差范围内一致,同属于早志留世,为大洪山地区这期基性岩脉提供了精确的同位素年代学依据.地球化学方面,大洪山地区基性岩脉表现为亚碱性系列的特点,较高∑REE含量,轻、重稀土存在分异,富集LILEs而亏损HFSEs,Zr > 100×10-6,TiO2 > 2%,Zr/Y > 3.5,指示其形成于大陆伸展环境.首次在扬子地块北缘识别出一套早古生代晚期代表大陆伸展环境的基性岩脉,为扬子地块北缘大洪山地区存在早古生代近北东向的区域伸展提供强有力的证据.研究表明,早古生代秦岭-大别南缘和扬子地块北缘虽然在沉积上地层存在差异,但可能同属于扬子北缘陆缘裂谷拉张环境. 相似文献
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Geochemistry of the mafic dykes in parts of the Singhbhum granitoid complex: petrogenesis and tectonic setting 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
Singhbhum granitoid complex has been intruded by numerous mafic dykes trending in different directions. The studied dykes were originated from subalkaline magma, ranging in composition from basalt through basaltic-andesite to andesite. In the present work, the studied dykes are divided into two groups on the bases of abundance of SiO2, MgO, Al2O3, Ni, and Cr. The first one has higher Mg# than that of group II. These dykes have enriched incompatible trace element patterns. These are particularly enriched in the light rare earth elements and large ion lithophile elements with depleted high field strength elements (Nb, P, Ti). High Ba/Nb and Sr/P ratios of present mafic dykes are the indications of subduction signature. The geochemical characters of the back arc extension basalt tectonic setting is suggested for the studied dykes. Higher PM-normalized Th/Nb, Rb/Nb, and Ba/Nb ratios of studied samples support their non-plume source. 相似文献
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东昆仑造山带以广泛发育富含镁铁质包体的早-中三叠世花岗岩为主要特征,但目前尚缺乏对不同类型镁铁质包体系统的岩相学和矿物学研究.在本文中,我们选择了极具代表性的香加花岗岩体及其中包体为研究对象,从岩相学和矿物化学角度揭示了东昆仑地区壳幔岩浆相互作用的详细过程.研究表明包体发育眼球状石英、韵律环带斜长石和针状磷灰石等不平衡结构和快速结晶现象,指示存在岩浆混合作用,而似辉绿辉长结构包体代表了岩浆混合的基性端元.此外,长石的多阶段生长证明可能存在多次的岩浆混合过程.镁铁质包体相对寄主岩（Mg#值为0.39~0.56,Fe#值为0.44~0.62）具高Mg#和低Fe#特征.包体具有两类角闪石:一类结晶源自早期深部幔源岩浆（TiO2=2.1%~2.9%,SiO2=41.75%~44.49%）,另一类则起源于浅部壳幔混合作用（TiO2=1.0%~1.8%,SiO2=42.49%~48.10%）.部分黑云母具有高镁特征（MgO=9.78%~11.53%,Mg#=0.462~0.541）,与幔源成因黑云母成分相当.斜长石的韵律环带及化学组成指示其岩浆混合成因.幔源基性岩浆在5×108 bar（约18 km）左右深度结晶并形成高钛角闪石,玄武质岩浆底侵上升,并发生壳幔岩浆混合作用,混合的岩浆上升至2.5×108 bar（约8 km）左右深度结晶形成低钛角闪石.以上证据指示,东昆仑地区在三叠纪时期可能经历了多期次的岩浆混合作用,地幔岩浆的注入在地壳深熔作用和地壳生长过程中扮演了重要角色.广泛的壳幔岩浆相互作用可能是三叠纪时期阿尼玛卿洋板片断离的重要响应. 相似文献
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《地学前缘(英文版)》2018,9(6):1711-1724
The Helanshan tectonic belt(HTB) is a major tectonic divide between the Alxa and Ordos blocks in the North China Craton. The geochronology and petrogenesis of the mafic dykes in the northern HTB are keys to understanding the tectonic evolution of this belt. The mafic dykes, intruded into the Neoarchean-Paleoproterozoic metamorphic basement, are mainly composed of diabase with a mineral assemblage of plagioclase(45%-60%), pyroxene(25%-35%), minor quartz and Fe-Ti oxides. The LA-ICPMS U-Pb analysis of zircon grains from representative dykes yield a weighted mean age of 206 ± 1.9 Ma, which represents the crystallization age of the dyke. The diabases show high contents of Fe_2 O_3~T(11.88-17.55 wt.%), low contents of SiO_2(45.65-50.95 wt.%) and MgO(3.31-5.50 wt.%) with low Mg#(=100×MgO/(MgO + FeO) atomic ration) of 33-44. They are characterized by enrichment of light rare earth elements(LREEs) and large ion lithophile elements(LILEs)(e.g., Rb, Ba and Pb), and slight depletion of high field strength elements(HFSEs). These features suggest that the magma has undergone extensive fractionation of olivine and pyroxene but only minor crustal contamination during its evolution. Their high Sm contents and La/Sm ratios, and low Sm/Yb ratios indicate that magma from which the dykes formed was derived from low degree(about 5%) partial melting of an enriched garnet + spinel lherzolite mantle source. Together with regional geology, these geochemical and geochronological data suggest that the mafic dykes in the HTB were formed in an intracontinental extensional setting during the late Triassic. 相似文献
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The tectonic transition from Prototethys to Paleotethys orogeny in the East Kunlun orogenic belt is not completely clear, and is a major unresolved geologic issue in Northern Tibet Plateau. Here, we present zircon geochronology, whole-rock elemental and zircon Hf isotopic geochemistry for newly discovered mafic dykes in the East Kunlun orogenic belt, to provide constraints on this issue. The studied mafic dykes are hornblende gabbros, consisting of hornblende (60–65 vol.%), plagioclase (15–25 vol.%) and augite and biotite (0–5 vol.%). LA–ICP–MS zircon U–Pb dating shows that these mafic dykes were emplaced at about 393 Ma. All the mafic dykes are characterized by high contents of CaO (8.82–11.48 wt.%), MgO (9.07–11.39 wt.%), V (275–336 ppm), Cr (370–467 ppm) and Ni (78.3–120 ppm), with high Mg# (63–67), flat CI-normalized REE distribution and depleted ?Hf(t) values (2.03–5.35), showing tholeiitic affinities and geochemical characteristics similar to those of mid-ocean ridge basalts. They were derived from low degree (about 5–15%) partial melting of a fertile spinel lherzolite source, which have been metasomatized by fluids introduced to the mantle by former subducted slab. The geologic–petrologic evidence suggests that the mafic dykes were emplaced in a shift tectonic setting related to continental rifting, which was caused by the extensional collapse related to the lithospheric thinning after the Prototethys orogeny. The delamination-induced thermal disturbance and extensional decompression triggered partial melting of the mantle and the emplacement of the mafic dykes. Combined with previous work, we propose that the Middle Devonian mafic dykes may be the early magmatic response to the transition from Prototethys to Paleotethys marking the opening of the Paleotethys in the East Kunlun orogenic belt. 相似文献
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青藏高原西部班公湖地区的日松岩体和甲维酸性岩脉位于班公湖蛇绿混杂岩带南侧,岩石类型为英云闪长岩,花岗闪长玢岩和花岗闪长岩,显示中钾钙碱性-高钾钙碱性过渡的特征.元素地球化学组成表明,岩石均具有埃达克岩特征,表现为高的SiO2(63.05%~70.72%)、高Al2O3(≥15%)、低MgO(0.97%~2.33%)＜3%、高Sr含量(380.4×10-6~625.0×10-6)、Sr/Y(＞35)、低HREE、Y(5.64×10-6~13.80×10-6)和Yb(0.46×10-6~1.25×10-6),轻重稀土分异明显(17.09＜(La/Yb)N＜48.51).日松花岗闪长岩体LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为82.0±1.1 Ma;甲维近东西走向的花岗闪长岩脉和近南北走向的花岗闪长玢岩脉LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄分别为90.7±1.2 Ma和82.9±1.2 Ma.日松和甲维处埃达克岩均富钾贫钠,低Cr、Ni,高Th、Th/La、Th/U、Rb/Sr以及相对低的Sr/Y和高Mg#(43.09~54.35)等特征显示其为玄武质岩浆底侵加厚下地壳部分熔融形成.91~82 Ma的埃达克岩形成于后碰撞初期阶段,为中特提斯洋闭合后板内热隆伸展、壳幔相互作用的产物,可以作为班公湖地区由板块构造体制转向板内构造体制的标志. 相似文献
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《Journal of African Earth Sciences》1999,28(2):325-336
One of the most significant mafic intrusive events in the Zimbabwe Craton was the emplacement of the Great Dyke layered ultramafic-mafic complex and its two parallel ‘satellite’ dykes at the end of the Archæan (∼2.6 Ga). The two satellite dykes, the East Dyke and the West (Umvimeela) Dyke, were far less affected by crystal accumulation and layering processes than the Great Dyke, and therefore may provide a clearer picture of parental magma compositions of the Great Dyke event. The geochemical character of this major episode of mafic magmatism is markedly different to that of more typical continental tholeiites, such as the ∼1.9 Ga Mashonaland sills, and reflects significant contrasts in petrogenetic influences. Despite its mid-continental setting, the parental magma of the satellite dykes had geochemical characteristics more often associated with magmas generated at destructive plate margins, suggesting that the nature of this magma was perhaps more similar to high Mg andesitic, rather than continental tholeiitic magmatism. Fine-grained samples with ∼14% MgO perhaps most closely approximate to the parental magma composition. Certain major and trace element concentrations (high MgO, SiO2, LREE and LILE, and low Nb, Ta and Ti) and the lack of an Fe enrichment trend, suggest that the mafic magma had either suffered severe crustal contamination or had been derived from a metasomatised harzburgitic mantle source. 相似文献
17.
中基性岩墙群的形成及产出对研究区域大地构造背景和岩浆演化过程具有重要的地质意义.对西准噶尔地区的夏尔蒲中基性岩墙群和小西湖中基性岩墙群中样品(共18件)进行了岩石学、锆石U-Pb年代学、岩石地球化学和同位素地球化学等方面的研究.结果显示,夏尔蒲和小西湖岩墙群岩石类型以闪长玢岩为主,含少量辉绿岩.LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学表明夏尔蒲岩墙群的侵位年龄为308.6±5.5 Ma.岩石均具有高Mg#(＞40)、MgO(＞3%)、Al2O3(＞16%);全岩A/CNK值多在0.9左右,A/NK＞2,属准铝质岩石;岩石整体属钙碱性玄武岩/安山岩系列.岩石具有较低的稀土总量(多在40×10-6~60×10-6),具轻稀土富集、重稀土亏损及Eu正异常等特征((La/Yb)N为3.03~11.32,δEu=1.00~1.20);明显富集大离子亲石元素K、Rb、Ba、Sr,亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta、Ti、Th,呈现了俯冲消减带岩石的地球化学特征.同时,岩石具有较高的Sr(均大于500 ×10-6)、较低的Y(大多小于10×10-6)和Yb(多在1×10-6左右)含量,较高的Sr/Y比值(36~95),大多数样品具有富镁埃达克质岩石的组成特征.岩石具有亏损的Sr-Nd同位素组成((87Sr/86Sr)i=0.703 58~0.703 80,εNd(t)=5.76~6.34).元素及同位素地球化学资料表明岩浆源区中既有亏损地幔组分的参与,又有俯冲消减作用的印迹.结合区域地质特征及前人研究成果,结果表明晚石炭世时西准噶尔地区已进入后碰撞阶段.由于俯冲残留大洋板片部分熔融,产生的熔体在与亏损地幔一定程度相互作用后,经单斜辉石的分离结晶而形成了夏尔蒲和小西湖岩墙群中富镁埃达克质岩石;而来源于亏损地幔的岩浆同样经单斜辉石的分离结晶后,形成了夏尔蒲岩墙群中的辉绿岩和小西湖岩墙群中的角闪闪长玢岩.大规模中基性岩墙群的产出则进一步表明晚石炭世时西准噶尔地区处于后碰撞的伸展拉张构造背景之下. 相似文献
18.
The Late-Proterozoic Bjerkreim-Sokndal Layered Intrusion (BKSK) consists of andesine anorthosite, leuconorite, troctolite, norite, gabbronorite, jotunite, mangerite, quartz mangerite and charnockite. The sequence of appearance of cumulus minerals and their compositions suggest a parent magma that was evolved, had plagioclase (±olivine) on the liquidus, was sufficiently TiO2-rich for hemo-ilmenite to crystallise early, and low in CaO and CaO/Al2O3compared to basalts as reflected by the sodic plagioclases and the delayed appearance of cumulus augite. Fine- to medium-grained jotunites found along the northern contact of the BKSK consist of plagioclase (An45–53), inverted pigeonite (Mg# = 55-50), sparse augite (Mg# = 69-59), Fe-Ti oxides, K-feldspar, quartz and apatite. They are basic to intermediate rocks with relatively high FeOtotal, high TiO2, low MgO/MgO + FeO, moderate Al2O3 and low CaO and normative diopside. The jotunites have compositions that are consistent with the parental magma for the lower part of the BKSK Layered Series, and are interpreted as being marginal chills. Similar, but slightly more differentiated, jotunite magmas were subsequently emplaced into the BKSK and the surrounding region as broad dykes and small plutons. Jotunite is a minor rock type in most massif-type anorthosite provinces but may have an important petrological significance. 相似文献
19.
The southwestern margin of the Eastern Ghats Belt characteristically exposes mafic dykes intruding massif-type charnockites.
Dykes of olivine basalt of alkaline composition have characteristic trace element signatures comparable with Ocean Island
Basalt (OIB). Most importantly strong positive Nb anomaly and low values of Zr/Nb ratio are consistent with OIB source of
the mafic dykes. K-Ar isotopic data indicate two cooling ages at 740 and 530 Ma. The Pan-African thermal event could be related
to reactivation of major shear zones and represented by leuco-granite vein along minor shear bands. And 740 Ma cooling age
may indicate the low grade metamorphic imprints, noted in some of the dykes. Although no intrusion age could be determined
from the present dataset, it could be constrained by some age data of the host charnockite gneiss and Alkaline rocks of the
adjacent Prakasam Province. Assuming an intrusion age of ∼1.3Ga, Sr-Nd isotopic composition of the dykes indicate that they
preserved time-integrated LREE enrichment. In view of the chemical signatures of OIB source, the mafic dykes could as well
be related to continental rifting, around 1.3Ga, which may have been initiated by intra-plate volcanism. 相似文献