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1.
Summary Laboratory model test results are presented that determine the effectiveness of using layers of geogrids as reinforcement in sand to reduce the settlement of square surface foundations subjected to transient loading. The model tests were conducted with only one type of geogrid at one relative density of compaction of sand. The maximum intensity of the transient load applied always exceeded the static ultimate bearing capacity of the foundation when supported by unreinforced sand. The settlement reduction factors for various depths of reinforcement have been determined. 相似文献
2.
Laboratory model test results are presented for the cyclic load-induced settlement of a strip foundation supported by a saturated clayey soil. In performing the tests, the foundation was initially subjected to an allowable static load, after which a cyclic load with a frequency of one cycle per second was superimposed on it. The magnitudes of the static load and the amplitude of the cyclic load were varied. Based on the model test results, relationships for the foundation settlement and intensities of the static and cyclic loads are presented. 相似文献
3.
循环荷载下圆柱形桩与楔形桩复合地基工作性状对比试验研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为探讨循环荷载作用下夯实水泥土圆柱形桩与夯实水泥土楔形桩复合地基工作性状的差异,通过室内模型试验,并在桩顶及桩周土表面埋设微型土压力盒,进行循环荷载下夯实水泥土圆柱形桩和楔形桩的4桩复合地基及单纯软土地基工作性状对比试验,探讨循环应力比和加载周数对夯实水泥土圆柱形桩和楔形桩复合地基永久沉降、桩-土应力比的影响规律。研究软土地基加固方法对永久沉降和桩-土应力比的影响,揭示了循环应力比与桩-土应力比的关系。研究结果表明：采用夯实水泥土桩加固软土地基,能提高地基的临界循环应力比,增强地基抵抗循环荷载的能力;在相同的加荷周数和循环应力比的加载条件下,采用夯实水泥土楔形桩加固软土地基对降低地基永久沉降的效果比采用夯实水泥土圆柱形桩的效果要好,且楔形桩的楔角越大,降低永久沉降的效果越明显。循环应力比越大,桩-土应力比越大;桩-土应力比随楔形桩楔角的增大而增大,随加载周数的增加而降低,并存在一临界加载周数;当加载周数小于临界周数时,桩-土应力比随加载周数迅速降低;当加载周数超过临界周数时,桩-土应力比几乎不随加载周数的变化而变化。 相似文献
4.
This paper investigates the settlement behaviour of a strip footing seating on the crest of an embankment and subjected to cyclic loading. The embankment fill is a dense sand and the issue is the gradual accumulation of settlement over a large number of load repetitions. Cyclic triaxial tests were first conducted to develop a consistent but simple material model for numerical implementation. Particular emphasis was placed on linking the stress-strain behaviour of an unload-reload cycle to the accumulation of permanent strain, with only five input parameters required to model the cyclic behaviour. The material model was implemented in a numerical analysis to compute the settlement behaviour obtained from model tests conducted by another researcher. It is pertinent to highlight that the same soil, compacted to same density at same moisture content, was used for both the cyclic triaxial tests and model tests. Reasonable to good agreement between the experimental and numerical results was achieved. 相似文献
6.
胶新铁路砂土液化区路基沉降规律研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
地震液化常给人们带来巨大损失,而剪切振动和循环荷载作用下的动力学效应常被认为是地震液化的主要原因,人们对剪切荷载作用下饱和砂土的液化问题进行了较多的研究,而对循环荷载作用下砂土液化的动力学效应研究较少。胶新铁路在DK39+000开始为高地震烈度区,DK283+550~DK283+770分布有地震可液化层,工程修建后列车动荷载的影响将会有诱发砂土液化的可能性。为了研究通车前自然沉降特征和通车后循环荷载作用下的路基沉降变形规律,本文在具体分析了砂土液化的概念和准则判别的基础上,重点分析了砂土液化区路基沉降特征,包括测试断面竖向分层沉降变形特征分析和路基水平位移特征分析。最后在试验的基础上,从理论上给出了循环荷载下砂土的本构关系。 相似文献
7.
Geogrid-reinforced railroad bed settlement due to cyclic load 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Results of large-scale laboratory model tests conducted to determine the permanent settlement due to cyclic load of the railroad bed for a proposed high-speed train route extending from Seoul to Pusan in South Korea are reported. The possibility of using geogrid layers as reinforcement to reduce settlement of the subbase layer was investigated. Based on the present model test results, it appears that practically all permanent settlement due to cyclic load is completed after application of 105 cycles of load. The most beneficial effect of reinforcement is derived when one layer of geotextile and one layer of geogrid are placed at the interface of the subgrade soil and subbase course. 相似文献
8.
A simple model for compaction of a sand, that may be useful in various geotechnical applications is presented. The model has been formulated in terms of the cyclic stress and strain amplitudes. The compaction properties of a dry sand are characterized by a common compaction curve described by two coefficients. The second aim of this paper is to show some applications of the theory proposed. The attention has been restricted to the two extreme cases of practical importance, namely to the behaviour of a dry sand (or a saturated sand but in free draining conditions), and to the behaviour of saturated sand in undrained conditions. Some numerical algorithms showing how to deal with those problems are presented and illustrated on the following examples: settlement and pore pressure generation in a soil stratum subjected to an earthquake, settlement of a foundation, pore pressure generation and liquefaction in a sea-bed. The results obtained suggest that the model proposed, as well as a method of dealing with boundary value problems can serve as a useful tool for the analysis of a sandy subsoil subjected to cyclic loadings. 相似文献
9.
根据某一大型油罐软基加固处理工程方案设计和优选需要,按照离心模型相似律,开展了三组模型试验,分别模拟了天然地基、土工合成材料袋装碎石垫层和既在填土层中设置袋装碎石垫层又在淤泥质粘土层设置土工合成材料排水板三种情况,以研究这一加固布置形式对减小高压缩性软土层地基上油罐罐底的差异沉降效果反应。模型油罐地基采用原型土重塑制备,现场土工合成材料袋装碎石采用柔性机织玻璃纤维细管塞装粗砂条模拟,并在不停机运转条件下模拟了多次充放水预压加载。试验结果表明,油罐软弱地基经土工合成材料袋装碎石加固后,罐底总沉降值和差异沉降值均明显小于天然地基情形下对应的沉降值,罐底畸变得到显著减小,就本文所述的土质条件、土层厚度和预压荷载强度,地基经加固处理后,油罐罐底畸变减小了近50 %。最后就土工合成材料在加固油罐地基布置形式的合理性进行了初步探讨。 相似文献
10.
列车振动荷载作用下松散砂土振密造成的早期路基沉降将对列车的正常运行产生很大的影响。本文以南京地区新近沉积片状细砂为研究对象,采用英国GDS空心圆柱扭剪仪模拟列车振动荷载的实际应力路径,并考虑排水条件、试样围压和加载幅值等因素,初步研究了2000列次(14000振次)列车振动荷载作用下南京新近沉积片状细砂的振动排水特性和竖向累积变形特性。实验结果表明,试样围压对南京片状细砂的竖向累积变形的影响较为明显,同时,当试验围压较小时,加载幅值对试样的竖向累积变形的影响更大。其次,排水条件主要对列车运营前期的路基累积变形产生明显的影响,对后期的累积变形的影响基本可以忽略。最后,根据试验结果,本文也初步给出了排水条件和不排水条件下南京片状细砂的竖向累积应变增长曲线的新预测公式及其参数取值。研究结论对列车振动荷载作用下新近沉积砂性土的动力学特性及其累积变形的计算方法等问题的研究具有很好的参考价值。 相似文献
11.
Bearing capacity of strip foundation on geogrid-reinforced sand 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
E. C. Shin B. M. Das E. S. Lee C. Atalar 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2002,20(2):169-180
Results of small-scale laboratory model tests to determine the ultimate bearing capacity of a strip foundation supported by sand with multiple layers of geogrid reinforcement are presented. Tests were conducted with only one type of geogrid and a sand compacted to one relative density. The embedment ratio of the foundation was varied from zero to 0.6. It is found that, for the given reinforcement-depth ratio, the bearing capacity ratio with respect to ultimate load increases with embedment. The relationship between the bearing capacity ratio at ultimate load and at limited levels of settlement (less than or equal to 5% of foundation width) is also presented. The bearing capacity ratio at limited levels of settlement is smaller than the value at ultimate load. 相似文献
12.
实际工程中桩基经常受到各种动荷载作用,如高铁路基中的加固桩长期承受列车行车时产生的循环动荷载作用,桩基在循环荷载作用下的承载特性研究对动荷载下的工程设计至关重要。X形桩是一种在传统圆形截面桩基础上发展而来的新型异性桩技术,其承载机制不同于传统圆形截面桩。为了深入研究X形桩在循环荷载作用下的动力特性和荷载与沉降规律,开展了砂土中X形桩竖向循环加载大比尺模型试验。试验结果表明,随着循环加载的进行,X形桩顶产生累计沉降,且循环荷载比越大,加载频率越高,桩顶沉降越快;循环加载初期,X形桩顶动刚度降低,桩身轴力响应增大,桩侧摩阻力发生弱化,之后逐渐趋于稳定,且桩身下半段侧摩阻力较大;在同等加载条件下X形桩与等截面圆形桩相比,承受动荷载能力较强,桩侧摩阻力较大,长期循环加载作用下产生的累计位移较小。研究结果可为X形桩在动荷载作用下的工程设计提供参考依据。 相似文献
13.
设计并完成了循环荷载作用下水泥土桩复合地基的模型试验。对水泥土桩复合地基的竖向附加应力、桩土应力比、孔隙水压力及沉降等问题进行了研究讨论。结果表明,（1）水泥土桩加固饱和软基后发生了应力重分布;（2）循环荷载作用下复合地基桩土应力比受加荷周数、循环应力比和置换率等因素的影响较显著;（3）水泥土桩加固饱和软基降低了孔压值,减小了由于孔隙水压力的消散而产生的工后沉降;（4）水泥土桩复合地基在循环荷载作用下桩顶和桩间土变形并不协调,桩顶永久沉降小于桩间土永久沉降,且加荷周数越大这种趋势越显著。 相似文献
14.
为了研究土工格栅加筋砂土地基在动力荷载作用下的受力变形特性,利用自行设计的300 cm×160 cm×200 cm（长×宽×高）大比例地基模型试验装置,分别针对纯砂地基、土工格栅加筋地基进行了静动荷载破坏试验。分析地基承载力及基础沉降、地基土压力、动力加速度响应、土工格栅应变等参数变化规律,揭示了动力荷载作用下加筋砂土地基的承载力和变形特征,并对比分析静、动荷载对加筋地基承载性能的影响。试验结果表明,与纯砂地基相比,格栅单层加筋地基的承载力提高1.12倍,地基基础中轴线处沉降量减少24%,加筋土体的抗变形能力得到很大提高;加筋作用改变了地基的破坏模式,动载作用下纯砂地基为冲剪破坏而加筋地基为整体剪切破坏;筋材的存在对地基土压力及加速度峰值分别有明显的扩散作用和衰减作用,可有效降低在动力载荷下筋土的瞬态变形。 相似文献
15.
Numerical investigation of the stabilisation behaviour of shallow foundations under alternate loading 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Hendrik Sturm 《Acta Geotechnica》2009,4(4):283-292
This article presents a stability criterion for shallow foundations on sand for various loading conditions. By means of laboratory
model tests, a behaviour called self-healing is shown. Numerical simulations of these tests prove the suitability of the employed numerical model. Based on this validation,
a numerical parametric study is done to analyse the influence of loading condition and initial state of the soil on the self-healing. Main focus is on the rotational behaviour and settlement of the foundation. The observations and numerical results are discussed
and an explanation is presented based on results of cyclic laboratory tests. 相似文献
16.
桩-筏复合地基是控制高速铁路等路基工后沉降的一种常用地基处理技术,然而针对其在不同振动波形荷载下的动力响应特性对比研究相对较少。基于大型模型系统,开展砂土地基中单桩桩-筏复合地基大比例模型试验研究,着重分析不同振动波形加载下单桩桩-筏复合地基的累积沉降、桩底-桩侧土动土应力比、加速度及速度传递等变化规律,初步探讨振动波形对单桩桩-筏复合地基承载特性的影响机制。试验结果表明,M波振动波形对地基累积沉降的影响较正弦波振动波形对地基累积沉降的影响略大一些,对桩底-桩侧土动应力比的影响则反之;振动响应加速度和速度随着加载频率及振幅幅值的增大而增大。相关研究成果可为单桩桩-筏复合地基的理论分析与计算提供参考依据。 相似文献
17.
Yoon Seok Choi Jintae Lee Monica Prezzi Rodrigo Salgado 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2017,35(4):1587-1604
Although the loads applied on piles are usually a combination of both vertical and lateral loads, very limited experimental research has been done on the response of pile groups subjected to combined loads. Due to pile–soil–pile interaction in pile groups, the response of a pile group may differ substantially from that of a single pile. This difference depends on soil state and pile spacing. This paper presents results of experiments designed to investigate pile interaction effects on the response of pile groups subjected to both axial and lateral loads. The experiments were load tests performed on model pile groups (2 × 2 pile groups) in calibration chamber sand samples. The model piles were driven into the sand samples prepared with different relative densities using a sand pluviator. The combined load tests were performed on the model pile groups subjected to different axial load levels, i.e., 0 (pure lateral loading), 25, 50, and 75% of the ultimate axial load capacity of the pile groups, defined as the load corresponding to a settlement of 10% of the model pile diameter. The combined load test results showed that the bending moment and lateral deflection at the head of the piles increased substantially for tests performed in the presence of axial loads, suggesting that the presence of axial loads on groups of piles driven in sand is detrimental to their lateral capacity. 相似文献
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19.
采用自主设计的竖向循环加载装置,通过室内模型试验研究竖向循环荷载作用下砂土中单桩承载特性和桩周土体变形机制。根据试验结果,桩体累积位移可以划分为不发展区域、渐变发展区域、破坏区域3种区域;滞回曲线的滞回圈包络面积随着循环次数的增加,呈现逐渐减小的趋势,滞回曲线由不闭合发展为闭合曲线,桩周土体由弹塑性变形逐渐转变为弹性变形。采用粒子图像测速（particle image velocimetry,简称PIV）技术对循环荷载作用下桩周土体变形进行实时量测,得到桩周土体完整的位移场和剪切应变场。结果表明：循环周期、幅值和密实度为桩周土体变形的主要影响因素,随着循环周期的增加,剪切破坏带在接近土体表面处呈现内敛趋势,剪切破坏面最终近乎平行于桩-土界面。循环荷载幅值越大,表层土体在循环荷载作用下越趋于密实,侧向土压力增大,位移影响区域减小,对应剪切应变场呈现“耳”状分布,幅值比循环周期更容易导致桩周土体出现沉陷。不同砂土密实度中的桩体累积位移随着循环周期呈现出不同的特征,松砂状态下桩周土体位移场呈现倒截锥形,密砂则呈现圆柱形。 相似文献
20.
深置矩形基础与地基共同作用解析分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
基于集中力作用下的Mindlin解位移公式,推导得到均布荷载作用下的地基柔度系数,对地基上的四周自由板与地基共同作用进行简化计算,得出了考虑埋深时地基基础共同作用的解析公式。在基础板为刚性和弹性、荷载为集中荷载及均布荷载的情况下,对考虑埋深时的Mindlin解与不考虑埋深时的Boussinesq解的计算结果进行比较,表明,埋深比对于基础沉降、地基反力的分布、基础板的弯矩等都有一定的影响。给出了考虑埋深时的沉降修正系数公式,以供工程应用参考。 相似文献