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云南省永善县务基磷矿赋存于下寒武统梅树村组中谊村段地层中,矿石矿物以胶磷灰石为主,具砂屑、砾屑及鲕粒结构,薄-中层状、块状及条纹条带状构造,矿石自然类型为砾屑状磷块岩、条纹状白云质磷块岩、条带状白云质磷块岩、硅质磷块岩。通过分析矿区所处古构造、古地理特征和矿石结构特征,认为务基矿区磷矿为浅海相沉积磷块岩矿床。 相似文献
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震旦系陡山沱组沉积期形成的黔中开阳、瓮安富磷矿沉积区,矿石产量大、品位高,是国内外重要的磷矿资源产区。黔中磷矿主要分布于黔中古陆周缘的滨浅海环境中,矿石类型以碎屑状磷块岩为主,间夹原生泥晶磷块岩、生物结构磷块岩和次生土状结构磷块岩。开阳式高品位磷块岩的动态沉积成矿过程通常为“三阶段成矿”: 第一阶段为初始成磷作用阶段,在新元古代大规模成磷背景下,上升洋流携带深部富磷海水进入滨浅海地区,并通过生物化学作用使磷质聚集并形成原生磷块岩沉积;第二阶段为簸选成矿作用阶段,高能波浪、风暴水流对原生磷块岩持续的破碎、磨蚀、搬运和再沉积过程中,簸选去除了原生沉积物中的陆源细碎屑、砂泥质成分,保留并聚集磷质碎屑颗粒,形成品位较高的碎屑状矿石;第三阶段为淋滤作用阶段,海平面升降变化使之前形成矿石受暴露事件影响,遭受强烈的风化淋滤作用,碎屑状磷矿石内的碳酸盐岩胶结物和白云石条带被淋滤运移,导致矿层发育大量溶蚀孔洞,甚至形成土状磷块岩,矿石品位再次得到大幅度提升。三阶段成矿作用随古地理条件和海平面变化在沉积成岩过程中多期次、动态进行,最终形成工业价值极高的磷矿石。 相似文献
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《矿物学报》2016,(2)
贵州织金磷矿为一超大型含稀土磷矿床,产于早寒武世梅树村期底部含磷岩系。本文在分析该磷矿矿石化学组成、矿物组合的基础上,重点针对磷块岩的结构特征进行扫描电子显微镜和电子探针微区分析,发现在纵向上:上段硅质磷块岩结构类型包含泥晶结构、内碎屑结构、无定形结构和少量生物屑结构,其结构成熟度较低,沉积水体较深,属于宁静的半局限海/浅海沉积环境;而下段白云质磷块岩结构类型包含内碎屑、无定形结构和较多生物屑结构,其结构成熟度较高,水动力作用较强,沉积水体较浅,属于动荡的滨海沉积环境。横向上,织金戈仲伍组与滇东渔户村组大海段在地层年代上相互对应,两处的磷块岩系所含的结构类型相似,只是各种结构类型所占比例不同。此外,结合其他沉积环境指标,发现织金磷矿沉积于弱氧化―贫氧的滨海向浅海过渡的环境。 相似文献
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贵州瓮安地区北斗山矿区寒武系牛蹄塘组的特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
瓮安大信北斗山矿区牛蹄塘组出露普遍,厚度较薄,明显分为2段。下段称上磷矿段,以磷质岩或磷块岩为主,沉积结构以内碎屑结构为主,内碎屑成分主要为磷质砂屑,可见黄铁矿和海绿石;岩层具有透镜状层理、水平层理、块状层理、磷质结核体等沉积构造。上段称黑色页岩段,以黑色页岩为主,沉积结构以泥质结构为主;普遍发育水平层理和较大个体的磷结核体。黑色页岩段底部普遍含镍钼钒多金属层;下部含黄铁矿纹层或结核,中部出现碳酸盐结核。对牛蹄塘组的地层特征和岩石学特征分析表明,本区牛蹄塘组为水体较深的缺氧沉积,显示为海平面上升期的海侵层,上磷矿段沉积时为动力较强的滨海至浅海陆棚相环境,黑色页岩段沉积时为水动力较弱的陆棚边缘盆地相环境,多金属层位于最大海泛面处。 相似文献
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云南寻甸县金源磷矿,矿体呈层状产于下寒武统渔户村组第二段,矿体层位稳定,矿层产状与地层产状一致,矿层顶、底板为渔户村组白云岩。矿石以Ⅲ级品为主,厚6.30m～21.80m。该磷矿属海相沉积磷块岩、生物碎屑化学沉积型矿床。在矿区东部沿倾斜方向,深部还有进一步找矿的空间。 相似文献
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刘光碧 《矿物岩石地球化学通报》1997,(Z1)
晋宁磷矿中低品位磷块岩工艺矿物学研究刘光碧（昆明冶金研究院，昆明６５００３１）关键词晋宁磷矿磷块岩工艺矿物学研究用的矿石取自晋宁矿区的Ⅲ、Ⅳ矿段。鉴定结果表明，两矿段矿石的矿物组成基本相同，只是相对矿物含量有所不同。矿石中的磷灰石以氟磷灰石为主，另有... 相似文献
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贵州瓮安震旦系灯影组磷矿沉积特征 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
震旦系灯影组是新发现的一个重要成磷层位,该层位磷矿床在国内较为少见。震旦纪灯影期是新发现的一个成磷时期,其含磷岩系具有独特的矿床地质特征。以贵州瓮安灯影组磷矿为例,从矿床地质特征、沉积环境、磷矿石特征及矿石组构等方面进行研究,结果表明:矿石为叠层石磷块岩,以胶状结构为主,少量碎屑状结构及放射状和波状层纹结构,构造为柱状及层纹状;矿石矿物主要为白云质胶磷矿,含少量重结晶微晶质磷灰石;化学成分主要为P2O5、Ca O、Mg O,总量在73.56%~87.9%,平均81.74%;矿床形成于陆棚浅海碳酸盐台地水下隆起边缘半局限盆地内的生物藻丘,隆起边缘的潮下局限环境是矿床形成的主要环境,矿床的形成与生物直接相关,为生物及生物化学成矿。 相似文献
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昆阳磷矿位于滇池西南部,为探讨该磷矿的成矿物质来源及其沉积环境,从岩相学和元素地球化学两方面对磷矿石展开了研究。研究结果显示,磷块岩矿石的主要矿物成分为胶磷矿,矿体w(P 2 O 5)平均含量为26.16%,磷块岩P 2 O 5含量由地表向地下沿倾向逐渐降低,酸不溶物含量逐渐增加,在垂直剖面上,矿区中部P 2 O 5含量相对上部和下部要高。矿石结构由下至上为砾屑结构、粒屑-鲕状结构、粒屑-粉晶结构,反映了磷块岩沉积时水动力条件由高能向低能过渡。磷块岩中发育的粒序层理、潮汐层理、火焰状构造等说明其是在强海流、强风浪的冲刷簸选过程中形成,随后,水动力条件减弱,富集成矿。综合研究表明,本区磷矿床磷的初始物质来源是富磷的陆源碎屑物和富磷质的海洋生物,其沉积环境主要为浅海浪基面以上的陆缘坻、台地、浅海盆地等。 相似文献
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提要莲花山磷矿赋存于震旦系下统陡山陀阶,有Ph1和Ph3磷矿层发育,共划定4个矿体,最大矿体长2500m,宽1700～ 2800m,矿体平均厚度4.68m,矿石P2O5平均品位21.12％.矿石类型主要为胶状泥晶结构和粒屑结构条带状磷块岩.矿床成因为海相沉积,磷矿沉积范围广、连续性好、相对稳定,在矿区的西部和矿区的东南... 相似文献
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朝阳磷矿的磷块岩有五种类型,即泥晶磷块岩、球粒磷块岩、鲕粒磷块岩、内碎屑磷块岩和细晶磷块岩。其中内碎屑磷块岩占优势。磷酸盐岩沉积在海退旋回中,是处于深水向浅水过渡的层位。磷块岩的沉积环境主要是隆起附近的浅水带。 相似文献
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通过大量的剖面测制和室内分析，从岩石的地质产状、岩石学及地球化学特别是稀土元素地球化学方面研究了西秦岭铀成矿带中硅、灰岩的成因。原始沉积的泥晶灰岩和球粒泥晶灰岩沉积于水下高地较低能环境，球粒主要为粪球粒及少量硅质生物体。硅岩具生物化学沉积（Ｉ类）和由灰岩硅化（交代）成因（Ｉ类）两种成因类型，它们在地质产状、结构构造、常量元素及稀土元素地球化学等方面都存在显著差异。在综合分析的基础上建立了西秦岭铀成矿带早志留世沉积环境模式 相似文献
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本文从沉积序列、岩石类型、沉积构造和生物共生组合以及古地理位置等探讨了四川龙门山北段晚二叠世晚期的沉积相和沉积模式。提出了晚二叠世晚期沉积模式为缓坡型生物浅滩边缘沉积较深水碳酸盐-硅质岩边缘海槽环境。晚二叠世晚期(长兴期)由于华力西运动的波及和北东向和北西向两组断裂系的活动,海侵继续扩大,导致了碳酸盐台地发生破裂分化,出现了岩相和生物相分异明显,深沟纵横交错的古地理格局。四川龙门山北段晚二叠世晚期属边缘海槽沉积。 相似文献
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A comparative study of Pleistocene phosphorites from the continental slope off western India 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
V. Purnachandra Rao S. W. A. Naqvi M. Dileep Kumar D. Cardinal A. Michard D. V. Borole E. Jacobs & R. Natarajan 《Sedimentology》2000,47(5):945-960
Two types of phosphorite recovered from the continental slope off western India are described. The first type, phosphorite 1, comprises a hard, grey nodule composed of carbonate fluorapatite (CFA) and calcite as major minerals. The phosphorite consists of light‐brown microcrystalline apatite containing a few skeletal fragments and planktonic foraminifera. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) studies show evidence of dissolution of skeletal calcite and filling of the resulting cavities by phosphate composed of ovoid to rod‐shaped apatite microparticles. Apatite also occurs as coatings on these particles. The P2O5 content of the phosphorite is 29%, and the CO2 content of the CFA is about 4·5%. The rare‐earth element (REE) abundance (ΣREE=2·02 μg g–1) is lower than in other modern phosphorites. The 87Sr/86Sr ratio and ?Nd value of this sample are 0·70921 and –9·9 respectively. The 14C age found through accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) dating (18 720 ± 120 years BP) is much younger than that determined by the U‐series method (100 ka). The second type, phosphorite 2, comprises a friable, light‐brown nodule consisting of CFA as the only major mineral, with a CO2 content of the CFA of 4·5%. In thin section, the phosphate is light brown and homogeneous, and a few bone fragments are present. The P2O5 content is 33%, and REE contents (ΣREE = 0·18 μg g–1) are lower than in phosphorite 1. The age of phosphorite 2 is >300 ka. Phosphorite 1 appears to have formed during the late Pleistocene through replacement of carbonate by phosphate; phosphorite 2 is also of Pleistocene age but is much older than phosphorite 1. The initial substrate for phosphorite 2 was a fish coprolite, which was subsequently phosphatized during slow sedimentation under low‐energy conditions. Microbial mediation is evident in both phosphorites. The colour, density and P2O5 content of the phosphorites are found to be dependent on the nature of the initial substrates and physico‐chemical conditions during phosphatization. The CO2 content of the CFA is not related to the precursor carbonate phase. The nature of sediments, rates of sedimentation and the time spent undergoing phosphogenesis at the sediment–water interface may control REE concentrations in phosphorites. 相似文献
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选铁尾矿综合回收利用低品位磷、钛、钴技术工业化应用 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
丰宁招兵沟低品位磷矿特点为中品位磁铁矿、低品位磷矿等共生。通过对选铁尾矿的研究,确定了常温无碱浮选回收磷矿物、合理的重-磁选联合工艺回收钛铁矿物、浮选工艺回收硫钴矿物的选矿工艺路线,并实现了工业化。 相似文献
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Origin of subaerial Holocene calcareous crusts: role of algae, fungi and sparmicritisation 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
CHARLES F. KAHLE 《Sedimentology》1977,24(3):413-435
The Pleistocene Miami Limestone that crops out on the lower Florida Keys is overlain by thin (16 cm or less), discontinuous, Holocene calcareous crusts (caliche) that are usually laminated, composed dominantly of calcite micrite and may or may not incorporate part of the underlying limestone. Both allochems and sparry calcite cement in the former unit contain endolithic algae and fungi, borings and unicellular algae. Biogenic structures identical to those in the Miami Limestone also occur in the calcareous crusts but are somewhat less abundant in the latter unit versus the former unit. The calcareous crusts were formed in the vadose diagenetic environment. Some of the CaCO3 necessary for the micrite that comprises the bulk of the crusts was probably derived from solution of carbonate from a soil cover and some from wind blown salt spray. Most of the micrite, however, was formed by replacement of the uppermost portions of the Miami Limestone. Replacement involved micritisation of allochems and a previously unreported process, sparmicritisation, the degrading recrystallization of sparry calcite to micrite. Minor sparmicritisation was caused by micrite calcification of endolithic fungi or algae within sparry calcite cement or by micrite precipitation in empty borings within such cement. Most sparmicritisation took place by dissolution of sparry calcite and concomitant precipitation of micrite in the space occupied previously by the dissolved spar. Such sparmicritisation is interpreted to be caused by chemical reactions involving the crystals, pore water which is moving slowly but steadily and organic compounds released during bacterial decomposition of fungi, algae or both. It is recognized that sparmicritisation occurs in the marine diagenetic environment and is not, therefore, necessarily indicative of vadose diagenesis. Incomplete sparmicritisation is responsible for some of the clotted textures typically found within calcareous crusts and may explain such textures in many other carbonate rock types. A combination of sparmicritisation and micritisation has probably greatly influenced the porosity of many reefs and, in some cases, led to the formation of ‘micritic reefs’. 相似文献