共查询到17条相似文献，搜索用时 171 毫秒
1.
由于地下水突涌风险,地下空间在施工作业中有必要通过抽水试验确定承压含水层的水文地质参数。依据勘察报告的初步评价,基坑开挖15.5m时,场地内第⑦1层承压含水层有可能产生突涌,为确保工程安全施工,需开挖前进行承压含水层抽水试验,取得场地承压含水层水文地质参数及降水引起的沉降特征,为地下空间设计和施工提供可靠依据。本次布设抽水井、观测井、分层沉降标组、孔隙水压力观测孔及地面沉降观测点,依据抽水试验技术要求获取渗透系数、抽水影响半径等相关水文地质参数。最后,针对工程场地内承压水情况及特点进行分析,提出基坑开挖时的承压水降压建议方案。 相似文献
2.
位于上海浦东地区的越江隧道顶管工作井施工基坑距黄浦江防风墙45m,距煤气公司煤气井仪表室1.20m。基坑开挖底界(深度32.45m)为场地内第⑦土层承压含水层顶部(静止水位-6.40m)。为保证基坑施工及临近建筑物的安全,避免基坑降水造成砂土流失而引起的地面沉降问题,在降水井的施工中,根据含水介质的颗粒级配选择相应规格的过滤砂作为过滤层填料,并保证过滤层具有一定的厚度,使降水时的含砂量控制在1/10万以下;采用非稳定流控制水位跟踪作业降水法,尽量减少基坑降水的影响范围,取得了良好的预期效果。 相似文献
3.
某深大基坑位于长江下游岸边,场地地层为典型的二元结构,基坑开挖涉及的两层承压含水层间的弱透水层局部缺失,之间水力联系密切,基坑场地地质条件极为复杂,基坑施工降水直接关系到基坑工程的安全。这里将基坑分3个区,分别进行降水设计。具体降水方案:Ⅰ区两层承压含水层和Ⅱ区第一承压含水层被围护结构隔断内外水力联系,采用疏干井降水;Ⅱ区第二承压含水层未被围护结构隔断,Ⅲ区两层承压含水层水力联系密切,针对这两个区域设计了两套降水方案,方案一在Ⅱ区和Ⅲ区均布置有降水井,在Ⅱ区对第二承压含水层降水,在Ⅲ区对第一承压含水层降水;方案二仅在Ⅲ区布置降水井对第一承压含水层降水。为了更好地对降水方案进行对比分析,验证方案的可行性,对此进行了数值模拟分析,计算结果显示,两种方案均能满足降水要求,不过方案二布井数量少,基坑外水位降深较小,对周边环境影响更小,优于方案一。 相似文献
4.
复合含水层系统地下水资源评价三维数值模型 总被引：6，自引：5，他引：1
江苏省盐城市地下含水系统为一复合含水层系统,采用真三维模型,将其概化为三度空间上的非均质各向异性.在对模型进行识别、验证的基础上,结合对地面沉降、咸水入侵等地质环境控制的要求,规划、预测了到2020年12月底,第Ⅱ承压含水层、第Ⅲ承压含水层和第Ⅳ承压含水层中的最低地下水位分别恢复到-20 m、-30 m和-40 m时,各含水层中地下水的开采量及地下水的最优开采布局,并预测了未来各含水层地下水位降落漏斗趋于稳定的地下水开采量. 相似文献
5.
《地下水》2019,(6)
管井降水是一种采用钻孔成井,利用单井单泵以抽取地下水的井点降水方法,由于管井直径较大,出水量较大,主要适用于中、强透水含水层,基坑降水成功与否,直接关系到基坑开挖施工进度能否满足工期要求。以延安市黄河引水工程东川水厂基坑管井降水为例,对管井降水的适用范围、管井设计和施工方法在水厂基坑降水中的应用进行分析研究。最终确定管井降水方案为:在基坑顶部开挖线以外3 m布设单排井点,井管内径为DN600 mm,井距为11 m,井深18 m,每眼井内安设1台潜水泵,将井内渗水抽引至基坑顶部开挖线以外5 m处的环形防渗排水沟内,最终再通过防渗排水沟将渗水统一引排至水厂西侧的排洪渠内,实现了缩短工期和降低工程成本的预期目的。 相似文献
6.
上海宝钢集团建设的加热炉区漩流池,其基坑平面形状为直径约25 m的圆形,开挖深度32 m,场地内承压含水层,水头高度43.50 m,采用深井井点降水,最终将建设场地承压含水层地下水位埋深降低到29.28 m以下,避免了基坑突涌破坏,实现了基坑的安全开挖,采用跟踪法降水,最大限度地减少了降水对周边环境的影响。 相似文献
7.
深厚强透水含水层超大基坑降水群井效应研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
基坑减压降水的幅度与群井效应密切相关。某超大面积基坑,含水层组厚40m,中下部透水性强,采用非完整井降水。对水文地质条件概化,建立了地下水三维非稳定流数值模型,对均匀布置群井、不均匀布置群井、分块开挖降水、不同的井结构、布设回灌井等工况,进行了渗流场模拟。研究表明,强透水性含水层超大面积基坑降水的群井效应极为明显;井位角密中疏布置,可实现降深调平,避免降深不足和超降;基坑分块降水,可减少坑外降深;短滤管井结构可减少基坑总涌水量和坑外降深;强透水性含水层可灌性强,回灌对减少坑外水位下降有较明显的效果。模拟结果与现场监测较为一致。研究成果可为类似工程地下水控制设计提供参考。 相似文献
8.
降水条件对基坑开挖的变形特性具有重要影响。为了研究悬挂式止水帷幕结合承压非完整井组成的墙井系统条件下基坑开挖过程中的变形问题,以某悬挂式止水帷幕深基坑为例,通过定义降水井和地表渗流边界条件建立了考虑分级降水和基坑开挖实际工况的三维流固耦合有限元数值分析模型,使用现场监测数据与数值模拟结果互相验证的方法研究了悬挂式止水帷幕情况下基坑开挖过程中地下连续墙变形和地表沉降的变化特征,对比分析了悬挂式止水帷幕和落底式止水帷幕条件下的地表沉降。结果表明：在不同分级降水情况下,降水深度初次达到场地第一承压水含水层降水期间产生的地下连续墙水平位移增量最大,地表沉降也主要在这一期间产生;悬挂式止水帷幕情况下的地表沉降最大值约为落底式止水帷幕的2.7倍,最大值位置距地下连续墙边缘的距离比落底式止水帷幕大0.85 m;地下连续墙水平位移峰值处,降水期间产生的位移占28%,地表沉降峰值处,降水期间产生的沉降占49%;使用悬挂式止水帷幕时,距地下连续墙边缘12倍开挖深度处,地表沉降与地表沉降峰值的比值为0.1、该距离比落底式止水帷幕大13 m左右。研究成果对确定深基坑降水方案、保证深基坑开挖施工安全具有一定的参... 相似文献
9.
采用数值模拟方法，利用模型的反馈、调节机制，在再现盐城市地下水系统结构和功能的基础上，结合对地质环境控制的要求，规划、预测了到2020年12月底，第Ⅱ、第Ⅲ和第Ⅳ承压含水层中的最低地下水位分别恢复到-20m、-30m和-40m时，各含水层中地下水的开采量及地下水的最优开采布局。 相似文献
10.
基坑采用悬挂式帷幕减压降水时,因隔水帷幕局部存在缺陷,而导致坑内承压含水层水头抬升所诱发的基坑底侧突涌事件常有发生。为研究这种现象,以某地铁线风井基坑为范例,建立了三维非稳定流的地下水数值模型,重点考虑了渗透系数的各向异性,对隔水帷幕无缺陷,28~33m、33~38m、38~43m深度的缺陷,加大流量抽取等7种情况,进行了模拟和比较分析。研究结果表明,悬挂式帷幕降水帷幕无缺陷时,帷幕内外的水头差在含水层顶最大,并沿帷幕向下递减;在帷幕缺陷形成的渗流通道附近,渗流场的等势线非常密集,补给的地下水抬升了坑内水头,并加剧了坑外的水头下降;经缺陷处的渗流通道流入坑内的地下水,渗流速度矢量以水平向为主;帷幕缺陷位于渗透系数较大的含水层时,相应补给量也较大;加大流量抽取,可以减小水头抬升的平面范围,但缺陷附近过大的流速也会诱发地层流土;缺陷位置与帷幕底竖向距离越远,坑内水头的抬升率越大,缺陷位置与帷幕底竖向距离越近,抬升率越小。研究成果对分析承压水底侧突涌的致灾机制、预测预警以及基坑动态风险评估等有一定的参考意义。 相似文献
11.
Wang Jianxiu Liu Xiaotian Liu Shaoli Zhu Yanfei Pan Weiqiang Zhou Jie 《Acta Geotechnica》2019,14(1):141-162
Water level is decreased during foundation pit excavation to avoid water inrush under confined water pressure. Cut-off wall is often used as waterproof curtain to partially cut off the dewatered aquifer. When a foundation pit is located in a built-up area and the underlying confined aquifer is not cut off, the drawdown must be minimized outside the pit to avoid land subsidence in buildings and pipelines. The coupling effect of the cut-off wall and pumping well is used to control the drawdown outside the foundation pit. However, the coupling mechanism is not intuitively well understood because of the limitations of existing experimental methods. In this study, transparent soil was introduced to model the coupling mechanism in the physical model test. High-purity fused silica and mixed paraffin oil were used as skeleton and fluid to simulate the confined aquifer and groundwater. Industrial solid dye and paraffin oil were used as tracers. A camera was used to collect flow information. Tests were performed for the combinations of cut-off wall and partially penetrating pumping wells. The insertion depth ratio of the cut-off wall most effectively influenced the drawdown. The layout of the pumping wells in horizontal direction influenced water level distribution and flow rate. The optimal depth of the pumping wells was 1–5 m above the bottom of the cut-off wall, and the optimal horizontal distance between the cut-off wall and the pumping wells was 25% of the pit width. Non-Darcy flow was observed within the range of 0–10 m around the bottom of the cut-off wall. These results were significant in understanding the cut-off wall and pumping well coupling effect on foundation pit dewatering.
相似文献12.
Ye-Shuang Xu Huai-Na Wu Bruce Zhi-Feng Wang Tian-Liang Yang 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2017,76(9):351
Foundation dewatering has become a major cause of land subsidence in Shanghai. The burial depth of foundations in relation to geotechnical construction works is less than 75 m, and the corresponding groundwater includes phreatic, low-pressure artesian, and the first confined aquifers. Based on the geological and hydrogeological conditions beneath Shanghai, methods of dewatering may be divided into three modes and further five patterns according to the insertion depth of the dewatering-retaining system. The most common dewatering mode aims to reduce the water pressure in the confined aquifer by setting the dewatering wells inside the pit, whilst the retaining walls are buried in the confined aquifer and partially cut off the confined aquifer layer. To predict the settlement due to foundation dewatering, numerical models are generally adopted, which are similar to those used to predict land subsidence induced by regional groundwater withdrawal; however, since foundation dewatering is conducted along with the setting of retaining walls and foundation pit excavation, which differs from regional groundwater withdrawal, interactions between the retaining wall-dewatering well, the dewatering-excavation, and dewatering-recharge are important factors affecting the analytical model. Since the grading of the shallow soil layers is different, stratified settlement characteristics of the shallow soil strata and seepage erosion, which results in additional deformation, need to be given particular consideration. 相似文献
13.
长江漫滩地区第四系是一个巨厚的复杂含水体,地下水丰富,对深大基坑施工影响极大。南京梅子洲过江通道连接线及青奥轴线地下交通系统工程位于长江下游漫滩,基坑最大开挖深度为27.5 m。为满足基坑降水设计及施工要求,勘察时选择有代表性的地段布置了3组抽水试验井,对潜水含水层及承压水含水层进行抽水试验,根据试验井类型和边界条件,选用潜水完整井稳定流、承压水完整井稳定流及非稳定流、承压水非完整井稳定流及非稳定流等多种地下水计算模型进行参数计算并综合分析,为设计提供水文地质参数,并实地验证了参数的合理性。 相似文献
14.
复合含水层地区深基坑降水三维渗流场数值模拟--以上海环球金融中心基坑降水为例 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
长江三角洲分布有巨厚、松散的第四纪沉积层,地下含水系统为一复合含水层系统,深基坑降水一般采用非完整井,且由于深基坑周围连续挡水墙难以深入含水层底板,所以其地下水渗流场变化极其复杂,具有明显的三维流特征。本文以上海环球金融中心深基坑降水为例,采用数值模拟方法,模拟了在多层含水层复合存在、含水层最深底板埋深达149m、基坑周围挡水连续墙埋深达34m、基坑内地下水位降深达26m的情况下的地下水三维渗流场特征,并以此为据确定出了该基坑降水的最优化方案。 相似文献
15.
超高层建筑的桩基础通常会打入到深度较大的承压含水砂土层中;在承压含水层的上方通常会进行超深基坑的开挖构建超高层建筑的地下室。为了保持超深基坑的基底稳定,需要在承压含水层中进行降水施工。由于深基坑存在大量的桩基础,基桩的存在会影响降水时地下水的渗流路径,继而影响土体的渗透性状。应用室内试验研究基桩对含水层渗流阻挡作用的机制。试验采用PVC管模拟基桩,将颗粒较均匀的砂土作为试验土体,通过室内渗流试验来研究基桩对地下水渗流的影响。试验结果表明,基桩对于地下水渗流有明显的阻挡效应：基桩的数量以及布置形式会对渗透效应产生较大的影响。考虑砂土体积置换率的有效介质理论可以用来分析矩形布置的基桩对渗透系数的影响,但对梅花形布置的基桩应用有效介质理论计算所得的渗透系数会有将近20%的偏差;其原因是梅花形布置的基桩,会使渗流路径增加。基于对渗流路径的分析,提出了考虑有梅花形布置的基桩存在时等效渗透系数计算的修正方法。 相似文献
16.
Yong-Xia Wu Hai-Min Lyu Jack Shuilong Shen Arul Arulrajah 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2018,77(10):392
This paper discusses the geological and hydrogeological features of Quaternary deposits in Tianjin as well as the geohazards related to groundwater hydrology in this region. The soft soil deposits, comprising silt, sand, silty clay and clay, are composed of four aquifer groups. In the first aquifer group, one phreatic aquifer and two confined aquifers have relationships with underground construction in the urban area. These three aquifers are separated by two aquitards and collectively form a multi-aquifer system. During geotechnical construction, potential geohazards present are related to the groundwater, which include water-in-rushing, quicksand and piping hazards. To prevent the aforementioned geohazards, dewatering is conducted; however, groundwater pumping may result in large settlements of the surrounding ground. To reduce pumping-induced settlement, the dewatering–waterproofing system has been adopted. According to the characteristics of the subsoil, excavation depth and the surrounding environment, the dewatering system can be divided into five patterns. In the first four patterns, when pumping is conducted in the excavation pit, the groundwater head in the adjacent aquifers outside the pit decreases due to the leakage effect of the aquitards located between the aquifers. In the fifth pattern, waterproof curtain has cut off the aquifers completely and dewatering in the pit cannot result in settlement around excavation pit. To avoid geohazards related to groundwater hydrology, countermeasures recommended include construction of an effective waterproof curtain, selection of a reasonable excavation dewatering pattern and withdrawal of required groundwater. 相似文献
17.
Jianxiu Wang Tianrong Huang Jian Hu Lingao Wu Guo Li Ping Yang 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2014,71(7):3245-3257
A whirlpool foundation pit is a small-diameter, deep circular pit. Because of its depth and small diameter, a large drawdown is required, and a limited number of wells can be installed inside the pit. During excavation, partially penetrating wells inside and outside the foundation pit have to be installed to lower the water level when the aquifer is too thick. However, partially penetrating wells near partially penetrating curtains cannot be treated by analytical methods. Therefore, it is necessary to use numerical methods to predict dewatering during excavation. Field experiments were performed on whirlpool foundation pit 1880 of Baosteel Group, Shanghai, China, to obtain pumping rates and drawdown, pumping with a single well and two wells in the confined aquifer. The results indicate that the drawdown inside the pit induced by pumping wells outside the foundation pit was small, whereas it was large for pumping wells inside the pit. The pumping wells inside and outside the pit had to be combined to lower the water level. A three-dimensional numerical model was developed to simulate the dewatering process. The hydraulic conductivities of the confined aquifers were inversed by using the pumping tests. Operation schedules were simulated with the corrected model for different combinations of wells inside and outside the pit. The results suggest that different schedules and operation conditions affect drawdown. The monitored results during dewatering indicate that the simulation and field measurements were in agreement. The results can be applied to similar situations. 相似文献