共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 187 毫秒
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为分析加筋材料的抗弯刚度对加筋性能的影响,加筋材料采用梁单元形式。基于动态松弛法,通过定义梁单元的刚度矩阵,求解内力矢量,随后定义虚拟质量密度而建立总质量矩阵,将加筋材料的梁单元有限元模型嵌入到已有的动态松弛法求解程序中。通过对简支梁的简单加载模拟验证了该梁单元模型的准确性能。随后,将该有限元模型与已有的动态松弛法计算程序结合（含砂土本构及弱面单元模型）,对加筋砂土地基室内模型试验进行了数值模拟。将梁单元的模拟结果与杆单元（梁单元的特例）模拟结果进行了比较,并分别探讨了抗拉刚度和抗弯刚度对加筋砂土地基承载性能的影响。结果表明：抗拉刚度对承载能力的影响较小;抗弯刚度对承载力的影响程度与加筋材料的布置形式有关,特别是当加筋砂土中出现剪切带以后,其影响逐渐增大。因此,在分析加筋砂土结构的增强机制时,建议采用梁单元（具有一定的抗弯刚度）对加筋材料进行模拟。 相似文献
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针对岩土工程材料应变软化问题及有限元对其数值计算时切线刚度矩阵负定造成求解困难的问题进行研究。建立了基于Drucker-Prager（D-P）强度准则的岩石弹塑性应变软化本构模型,本构积分算法采用一种完全隐式返回映射算法,它具有无条件稳定和精确的特点,详细论述了如何进行本构模型的程序化求解;考虑弧长法在判断切线刚度矩阵正定性导致效率低的缺点,在弹塑性增量有限元方程的迭代计算中尝试采用Newton-Raphson法和arc-length法（NR-AL法）联合迭代求解的思路,即在结构未达到极限荷载前采用NR迭代法,而当结构接近极限荷载时转换为AL法控制迭代,从而使结构越过峰值点进入软化区直至破坏,NR-AL法汲取了2者迭代求解中具有的优势;利用C++语言对所建应变软化模型的本构求解和弹塑性增量有限元方程迭代求解过程给予程序实现,应用所编程序进行数值计算,分析了D-P理想弹塑性模型、应变软化模型、应变硬化模型计算的应力-应变曲线的区别,同时将应变软化模型计算结果与试验数据进行了对比。研究结果表明：所建应变软化本构模型可以较好地模拟岩石材料的峰后软化特性,能够揭示峰后应变软化特性和破坏机制,同时NR-AL法能够求解由于应变软化造成的负刚度问题,也克服了单独使用弧长法时判断切线刚度矩阵正定性效率低的缺点。 相似文献
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砂土的渐进破坏及其数值模拟 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
紧密砂土在排水剪切过程中由于材料的应变软化特性,会出现变形局部化并伴随剪切带的产生。对此类问题进行数值模拟时会遇到很多困难,比如如何模拟紧砂的应变软化特性,如何处理有限元数值分析过程中刚度矩阵的非正定导致计算结果发散问题,以及如何处理应力不连续的问题,拟针对以上问题进行了探讨。 相似文献
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适用于饱和砂土循环动力分析边界面塑性模型的显式积分算法 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
基于适用于饱和砂土循环动力分析的边界面模型,利用修正广义Mises方法将其推广至三维应力空间中,引入与状态相关的剪胀函数,采用历史最大加载面硬化准则,以反映饱和砂土排水条件下刚度变化、剪胀剪缩等特性。结合子增量步显式积分算法的思想,建立了适用于饱和砂土循环动力分析边界面模型的显式积分算法流程。借助有限元软件子程序接口,将该算法流程开发到有限元软件中,通过建立土体单元数值模型,对Toyoura砂在单调荷载和循环荷载下的三轴试验工况进行模拟。结果表明,利用子增量步显式积分算法对模型进行积分,能够准确有效地模拟砂土的应力-应变曲线、以及砂土在单调和循环荷载作用下均展现的剪胀剪缩现象,验证了显式积分算法的有效性。通过设置不同的增量步长,验证了子增量步显式积分算法对于较小应变增量步的高度稳定性和收敛性。 相似文献
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为构建能够反映砂土高低压下不同力学特性的统一模型,分析了砂土在较大的压力范围内的力学试验结果并获取其强度、等向压缩以及临界状态特性参数。通过引入应力路径相关因子来修正塑性应变增量中与应力路径相关的部分,从而使得模型硬化参量能够反映密实砂土在常压下的剪胀特性。同时,基于砂土的临界状态特性提出能够与砂土内部状态相对应的潜在状态面概念,由屈服面与潜在状态面间的动态关系确定加载过程中的动态密实参数及潜在强度,进而使得硬化参量也能够反映密实砂土在常压下的软化特性及高压下的剪缩、硬化特性。分析模型屈服面及潜在状态面间的演化规律并对不同压力等级下的砂土受荷力学行为进行模拟预测,证实了该模型能够反映密实砂土常压下剪胀软化及高压下剪缩硬化的特性。 相似文献
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考虑岩石材料的应变软化及扩容效应,采用岩石材料的弹性-塑性软化-塑性残余三线性应力-应变软化模型和莫尔-库仑屈服准则,推导了非轴对称荷载下圆形隧洞围岩弹性区、塑性软化区和塑性残余区的应力场、应变场、位移场和塑性区半径的近似解析解,适用于围岩塑性区较大且侧压力系数1≤λ<3的情况。该近似解析方法与有限元法的计算结果较为接近,可代替有限元方法进行简单的圆形隧洞围岩弹塑性分析。 相似文献
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以一维非线性固结为例,介绍了互补算法在固结问题求解中的应用。将地基土体的压缩特性曲线进行分段线性拟合并引入控制变量,得到土体孔隙比与有效应力间的统一关系式,并获得压缩曲线中的互补关系;详细推导了以孔隙比与有效应力为变量的一维非线性固结微分方程,通过对其进行差分求解,并结合压缩曲线中的互补条件,使得不同时刻的非线性固结问题转化为标准的线性互补问题。这样,非线性固结问题可通过在线性固结差分法中嵌入互补模型算法进行求解。该法的合理性通过与普通迭代算法进行对比获得证明。在此基础上,对一维固结问题线性与非线性解答的差异及影响非线性计算的因素进行了分析。计算中发现,互补模型算法在计算效率方面优于普通迭代法;线性计算程序中嵌入互补模型算法计算非线性固结在程序上容易实现;互补模型算法中通过对控制变量的求解,可判断地基土体所处的压缩状况 相似文献
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应变软化岩体分析原理及其应用 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
应变软化是指应力-应变曲线中轴向应力随应变的增加而减小的现象,许多种类的岩土介质在工程扰动的作用下呈现应变软化的行为。在分析应变软化问题时,其应力-应变关系式中的切线刚度矩阵是非正定的,由此导致计算求解的困难。将岩体应变软化过程简化为一系列脆塑性过程,于是应变软化问题的求解归结为一系列脆塑性过程的分析。基于经典弹塑性力学理论,提出了应变软化过程模拟方法及其相应的有限元求解过程,编制了计算程序,研究了应变软化本构模型中不同强度弱化速率对圆形洞室围岩塑形区分布的影响,进一步分析了应变软化模型对应的隧道径向变形沿洞轴方向的分布特征,并与已有监测数据得到的分布规律进行了对比。初步的研究结果表明,应变软化模型得到的计算结果是比较合理的 相似文献
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不同应力路径下剪切带的数值模拟 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
采用回映应力更新算法,编写了基于伏斯列夫面的超固结黏土本构关系模型子程序,嵌入非线性有限元软件ABAQUS。通过对单元试验进行三轴压缩、三轴伸长及平面应变等问题的模型预测,再现了超固结黏土在不同初始超固结比和应力路径时的变形和强度特性,从而验证了子程序的正确性。借助该本构模型,对三轴压缩、三轴伸长及平面应变应力路径下超固结黏土体变形局部化问题,进行了三维数值模拟。分析结果表明：超固结黏土在三轴压缩及伸长状态时,土体变形局部化在应力-应变关系软化时出现,而平面应变状态时,在应力-应变关系硬化阶段出现,其超固结黏土的剪胀特性在剪切带的形成过程中起重要作用。 相似文献
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Material non-linearity in non-associated high friction materials exhibiting post-peak softening such as granular materials poses a great problem in solving the non-linear differential equations. In this regard, a dynamic relaxation (DR) family of solutions provides a very strong tool to solve. In this paper, the DR method is evaluated from the viewpoint of its ability to trace the whole equilibrium curve in the load–displacement (stress–strain) space. In the case of material non-linearity, usually there is a snap-through. This problem has been handled in three ways: (1) load control with a real time dynamic solution at post-peak, (2) direct displacement control and (3) arc-length control. These three methods of non-linear equilibrium path tracing are critically evaluated with respect to their speed of convergence, accuracy of the solution and states of unequilibrium. Finally, the results of multi-element FEM simulations of a bearing capacity test of a strip footing on sand carried out to validate the DR methods are presented. 相似文献
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根据强夯的特点,采用同时考虑几何非线性、材料非线性、状态非线性,并且考虑瞬态大变形的非线性动态显式有限元,分析了强夯对地基土的冲击碰撞过程。该方法克服了以往有限元计算强夯动力问题时需再引入其他的简化假定的已知量,能较实际地反映强夯加固的动力特性。通过对工程实例计算研究,取得了令人满意的效果。 相似文献
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Large deformation soil behavior underpins the operation and performance for a wide range of key geotechnical structures and needs to be properly considered in their modeling, analysis, and design. The material point method (MPM) has gained increasing popularity recently over conventional numerical methods such as finite element method (FEM) in tackling large deformation problems. In this study, we present a novel hierarchical coupling scheme to integrate MPM with discrete element method (DEM) for multiscale modeling of large deformation in geomechanics. The MPM is employed to treat a typical boundary value problem that may experience large deformation, and the DEM is used to derive the nonlinear material response from small strain to finite strain required by MPM for each of its material points. The proposed coupling framework not only inherits the advantages of MPM in tackling large deformation engineering problems over the use of FEM (eg, no need for remeshing to avoid mesh distortion in FEM), but also helps avoid the need for complicated, phenomenological assumptions on constitutive material models for soil exhibiting high nonlinearity at finite strain. The proposed framework lends great convenience for us to relate rich grain-scale information and key micromechanical mechanisms to macroscopic observations of granular soils over all deformation levels, from initial small-strain stage en route to large deformation regime before failure. Several classic geomechanics examples are used to demonstrate the key features the new MPM/DEM framework can offer on large deformation simulations, including biaxial compression test, rigid footing, soil-pipe interaction, and soil column collapse. 相似文献
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研究并提出一种以应变软化指标为基础的岩石非线性蠕变模型。首先,基于岩石三轴压缩试验结果,分析提出一种峰后应变软化指标R1来描述岩石峰后力学参数软化与塑性变形间的关系。接着,通过分析加速蠕变阶段与峰后段的联系,建立加速蠕变应变软化指标R2,并以此为基础构建非线性黏塑性体。然后,将其与Hook体和Kelvin元件串联,组建非线性蠕变模型,并将模型嵌入ABAQUS有限元程序。最后,针对砂岩和泥岩三轴蠕变试验建立数值模型,模拟曲线与试验曲线吻合良好,说明所建模型适用于硬岩/软岩加速蠕变现象的模拟。其中,参数 对加速蠕变曲线形态起调节作用,显示模型模拟脆性?延性流变破坏的特点。另外,模型参数均可由常规压缩破坏试验以及蠕变试验确定,易于获取。 相似文献
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The dynamic response analysis combined with the generalized return-mapping algorithm is applied to the integration algorithms
of viscoplastic constitutive relations including the effect of the shear band. The kinematic hardening model based on modified
and extended soil model with isotropic strain-hardening–softening is employed. In this paper, the TESRA (temporary effect
of strain rate and acceleration) model is employed for the nonlinear viscosity of sand. The constitutive equations of rate-dependent
plasticity originally proposed by Duvaut–Lions are employed as the base of the solutions. Liquefaction of a buried pipe is
analyzed by finite element method by employing the above mentioned constitutive relations and the calculated results are compared
with experimental results. The dynamic response analysis is applied to the solutions of the problems. The kinematic hardening–softening
viscoplastic constitutive relations for geomaterials are promising for the predictions of cumulative deformations and liquefaction
of the buried pipe. A great deal of experimental results indicate that the stress is a unique function of irreversible strain
and its rate. 相似文献
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This paper describes the mechanical behavior of artificially cemented sands with strong, intermediate, and weak bond strengths, using experimentation and 3D discrete element method (DEM) simulation. The focus is on the features of bond breakage and the associated influences on the stress–strain responses. Under triaxial shearing, the acoustic emission rate captured in the experiment and the bond breakage rate recorded in the simulations show resemblance to the stress–strain response, especially for strongly and intermediately cemented samples, where a strain softening response is observed. The simulations further reveal the shear band formation coincides with the development of bond breakage locations due to the local weakness caused by the bond breakages. Strain softening and volumetric dilation are observed inside the shear band, while the region outside the shear band undergoes elastic unloading. The weakly cemented sample exhibits a strain hardening response instead; bond breakages and the associated local weaknesses are always randomly formed such that no persistent shear band is observed. Note that in the DEM simulation, the flexible membrane boundary is established by a network of bonded membrane particles; the membrane particle network is further partitioned into finite triangular elements. The associated algorithm can accurately distribute the applied confining pressure onto the membrane particles and determine the sample volume. 相似文献
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考虑围压影响的岩石峰后应变软化力学模型 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
试验表明,随着围压增加,岩石峰后残余强度和割线模量增加,如何模拟围压对岩石峰后应变软化力学行为的影响是岩石峰后力学行为研究的关键。利用Z. Fang[1]提出的峰后强度下降指数描述围压对岩石峰后残余强度和割线模量的影响,与摩尔-库仑模型结合,建立了考虑围压影响的岩石峰后应变软化力学模型。在FLAC环境下,利用Fish函数方法开发了相应的数值计算程序。数值算例研究了Tennessee大理岩在不同围压下的应变软化过程,模拟结果与试验数据基本一致,表明建立的模型合理,可以应用于岩石峰后软化过程的模拟。 相似文献