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用地球位模型和GPS/水准数据确定我国大陆似大地水准面 总被引：27，自引：0，他引：27
用地球位模型和GPS/水准数据确定了我国大陆地区的似大地水准面。采取的方法是,对于每一个GPS/水准点,用地球位模型计算其高程异常值,并与其GPS/水准实测高程异常值比较,得到计算值的改正数,以此改正附近15′×15′格网点上用地球位模型计算的高程异常。方法的实质是将地球位模型计算的似大地水准面拟合于GPS/水准实测的似大地水准面。计算共使用了遍布大陆的950多个GPS/水准点,点间距大约100km。得到的15′×15′似大地水准面的精度,就全国而言,平均好于±0.5m,105°E以东地区接近±0.3m,以西地区接近±0.6m,青藏地区接近±0.5m。 相似文献
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本文利用全球重力位模型、胶州市地面重力观测数据、胶州市GPS水准数据和数字地面模型(DTM),采用组合法应用移去-恢复技术计算剩余大地水准面,并与地球位模型计算的高程异常进行拟合,得到该地区重力似大地水准面,再和布测、计算得到的GPS/水准所构成的几何大地水准面拟合,利用多项式拟合完成系统改正,获得最终的大地水准面结果及相关的精度信息。 相似文献
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本文利用全球重力位模型、胶州市地面重力观测数据、胶州市GPS水准数据和数字地面模型(DTM),采用组合法应用移去-恢复技术计算剩余大地水准面,并与地球位模型计算的高程异常进行拟合,得到该地区重力似大地水准面,再和布测、计算得到的GPS/水准所构成的几何大地水准面拟合,利用多项式拟合完成系统改正,获得最终的大地水准面结果及相关的精度信息。 相似文献
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张秀锦 《测绘与空间地理信息》2019,42(2):211-213
为了充分利用GPS观测数据中的高程信息,获得GPS观测点的正常高,本文利用EGM96全球重力场模型和某区域GPS/水准数据,采用移去-恢复技术以几何方法计算了该区域2.5'×2.5'分辨率似大地水准面模型,经过内、外精度的检验,似大地水准面模型的精度优于0.07 m。结合区域内某工程布设的E级GPS控制网数据进行正常高的计算,并和水准实测高程进行比较,结果表明几何法确定的小区域似大地水准面模型结合GPS观测信息可以代替低等级的水准测量,满足一般工程对高程测量的需求。 相似文献
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矿区似大地水准面拟合模型适用性分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为提高GPS/水准数据拟合高程异常的逼近精度,利用某矿区控制网观测的GPS/水准数据,计算控制点高程异常值,分别用加权平均法、Shepard插值、多项式曲面拟合和多面函数法4种方法对矿区似大地水准面进行拟合。对各种拟合模型的原理和拟合精度进行比较分析。在此基础上,根据似大地水准面物理和几何特性,采用组合拟合的方法进一步改善似大地水准面的拟合精度,利用该模型内插高程异常值与实测GPS/水准点的高程异常值比较,其均方根误差不超过0.02 m,结合GPS观测成果可以取代四等及以下几何水准测量。 相似文献
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目前,城市、平原地区的似大地水准面建立精度已经达到厘米级,但在矿区进行高程拟合时,由于地面高低起伏没有规则,其似大地水准面的拟合精度并不理想。针对此问题,本文提出利用遗传算法优化Elman神经网络的方法精化似大地水准面,采用移去-恢复法对残差进行建模,使用EGM 2008地球重力场模型和地形起伏信息来精化求解似大地水准面和参考椭球面之间的高程异常,同时着重分析了地球重力场模型以及地形变化信息对高程异常求解的重要性,并使用某矿区实测数据(GPS、水准)对所提方法进行验证,实验结果表明:文中所提方法的精度要优于二次曲面拟合模型和单一Elman模型,其外符合精度达到了1.14 cm,可以代替四等水准测量。 相似文献
7.
1985国家高程基准与全球似大地水准面之间的系统差及其分布规律 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
将由大地高和正常高导出的几何高程异常与由位系数模型计算得到的物理高程异常进行比较,求出1985国家高程基准与全球似大地水准面之间的系统差,并分析其分布特性.为抵制异常值的影响,引入"抗差等价权".利用分布全国大陆范围的GPS网949个点的GPS/水准数据和地球重力场模型EGM96、DQM99A,求出1985国家高程基准点与WGS84定义的似大地水准面之间有35.7 cm的垂直偏差,1985国家高程基准面的系统差自东向西、自南向北明显增大,给出相应的数学模型. 相似文献
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矿区似大地水准面精化方法研究 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
在矿山区域,由于地质情况复杂、地形起伏较大,区域似大地水准面模型的建立较城市等地势平坦地区困难。本文详细阐述了矿区似大地水准面建立的技术特征和计算方法,最后以某矿区为例,在CGCS2000坐标系统框架下,利用矿区控制网的GPS/水准观测数据和重力场模型,综合物理和几何方法建立了矿区的似大地水准面模型,实现了GPS大地高向正常高转换,利用该模型内插高程异常与实测GPS/水准点的高程异常比较,内符合精度中误差和外符合精度中误差均不超过3 cm,表明此模型结合GPS观测成果可以在矿区范围内取代四等及以下几何水准测量。 相似文献
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采用Landsat TM数据分析了阿克苏河—塔里木河断面水质污染状况,通过波段的DN值和常规监测数据建立能反映水质状况的
污染物监测模型。结果发现,将2000年常规监测数据代入模型后,与遥感数据的结果基本吻合| 重建阿克苏河—塔里木河的连续水体
污染变化曲线,得出污染物浓度随着远离上游而增加。 相似文献
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Monitoring drought dynamics in the Aravalli region (India) using different indices based on ground and remote sensing data 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
C. Bhuiyan R.P. Singh F.N. Kogan 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2006,8(4):289-302
The hard-rock hilly Aravalli terrain of Rajasthan province of India suffers with frequent drought due to poor and delayed monsoon, abnormally high summer-temperature and insufficient water resources. In the present study, detailed analysis of meteorological and hydrological data of the Aravalli region has been carried out for the years 1984–2003. Standardised Precipitation Index (SPI) has been used to quantify the precipitation deficit. Standardised Water-Level Index (SWI) has been developed to assess ground-water recharge-deficit. Vegetative drought indices like Vegetation Condition Index (VCI) and Temperature Condition Index (TCI) and Vegetation Health Index (VHI) have been computed using NDVI values obtained from Global Vegetation Index (GVI) and thermal channel data of NOAA AVHRR satellite. Detailed analyses of spatial and temporal drought dynamics during monsoon and non-monsoon seasons have been carried out through drought index maps generated in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) environment. Analysis and interpretation of these maps reveal that negative SPI anomalies not always correspond to drought. In the Aravalli region, aquifer-stress shifts its position time to time, and in certain pockets it is more frequent. In comparison to hydrological stress, vegetative stress in the Aravalli region is found to be slower to begin but quicker to withdraw. 相似文献
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Piyoosh Rautela Ramesh Chandra Lakhera 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2000,2(3-4)
The area around Sataun in the Sirmur district of Himachal Pradesh, India (falling between the rivers Giri and Tons; both tributaries of the Yamuna River) was studied for landslide vulnerability on behalf of the inhabitants. The study was made using extensive remote sensing data (satellite and airborne). It is well supported by field evidence, demographic and infrastructural details and aided by Geographic Information System (GIS) based techniques. Field observations testify that slope, aspect, geology, tectonic planes, drainage, and land use all influence landslides in the region. These parameters were taken into consideration using the statistical approach of landslide hazard zonation. Using the census data of 1991, vulnerability of the populace to the landslide hazard was accessed. As most of the infrastructure in the region is concentrated around population centres, population data alone was used for vulnerability studies. 相似文献
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ZHAN F. Benjamin 《地球空间信息科学学报》2011,(1)
Although it is well known that coseismic gravity changes take place during an earthquake, previous research has not yielded convincing evidence demonstrating that significant gravity changes occur before large earthquakes. Furthermore, even if we suspect that gravity changes occur before large earthquakes, we have yet to demonstrate how to consistently observe these changes for useful earthquake forecast that would bring benefits to society. We analyzed ground gravity survey data obtained in 1998, 2000, 200... 相似文献
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GNSS系统及其技术的发展研究 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
阐述了国际上卫星导航系统的总体发展,对美、俄、欧、中的四大全球系统,以及相关的区域系统和增强系统进行了简单的介绍,研究分析了GNSS系统及其技术的发展趋势,同时分析了我国Compass全球系统面临的机遇和挑战,并提出了我国未来工作的建议. 相似文献
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“4D”技术及其应用 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
介绍“４Ｄ”（即数字地面模型、数字正射影像、数字栅格地图和数字线划地图）系列产品的生产流程、关键技术、及其在耕地保护、防灾减灾救灾和城市规划等方面的应用方法。 相似文献
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《International Journal of Digital Earth》2013,6(1):66-87
Abstract Virtual Australia is not a well-defined or agreed concept. This discussion paper conceptualises Virtual Australia as a ‘virtual [digital] model containing and representing all non-trivial objects and their contextual environment – from blue sky to bedrock – in real world Australia’. It describes a scenario for Virtual Australia, one or two decades from now, in which the locations and conditions of non-trivial objects and their environment are updated automatically through a combination of remote sensing and wireless communication technologies in support of a ‘Supranet’. It then examines the concept of the ‘Supranet’ – a pervasive information network based largely on wireless technology linking the physical world to a virtual model in real time – and develops and discusses three principal characteristics of the Supranet: the ability to have or collect specific information (know); the ability to process information (think); and the ability to communicate that information. If, in the near future, any or all non-trivial devices are to some extent able to know, think and communicate, the potential for object autonomy will be realised. 相似文献
18.
Toward seamless indoor-outdoor applications: Developing stakeholder-oriented location-based services
Kohei OGAWA Edward VERBREE Sisi ZLATANOVA Naohiko KOHTAKE Yoshiaki OHKAMI 《地球空间信息科学学报》2011,14(2):109-118
Location-Based Services (LBS),an emerging new business based on smartphone and mobile networks,are becoming more and more popular.Most of these LBSs,however,only offer non-seamless indoor/outdoor applications and simple applications without giving stakeholders the chance to play an active role.Our specific aim is to solve these issues.This paper presents concepts to solve these issues by expanding the Open Location Services Interface Standard (OpenLS) to allow seamless indoor/outdoor positioning and to extend the content of the services to include information recommended by stakeholders. 相似文献
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地理数据库的关系模型及其实现 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文从以图论观点分析地理实体入手,系统阐述了地理数据库关系模型的设计法和过程。作者于1984年4～9月间在微型机上设计建立了关系型地理数据库的实方验系统(RGDB)。该系统采用了本文提出的关系模型,采用了可动态扩库的子库组合结构,这种结构具有灵活性和提高空间利用率的优点。RGDB含有多种功能的数据操作命令,除了具有一般检索功能外,还能进行“开窗”选取和十分“自由”的映象选取。本文对RGDB系统的主要性能和实现途径作了扼要介绍。 相似文献