共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 187 毫秒
1.
通过对热带太平洋上层XBT温度资料分析,探讨了对厄尔尼诺(El Nino)事件发生起重要作用的西太平洋暖池区次表层海温变暖异常的变化规律,揭示了影响西太平洋暖池区次表层海温变暖异常的形成机制.分析表明:西太平洋暖池区的次表层海温异常变暖与赤道太平洋的北赤道流(10°N)的海温异常存在密切关系.在El Nino事件发生的前期,位于赤道中东太平洋的异常暖水沿北赤道流温跃层潜沉向西太平洋暖池区输送,在西太平洋暖池堆积并向赤道西太平洋扩展,当异常暖水达到一定强度,并在大气的强迫下,异常暖水沿温跃层东传至赤道中东太平洋并上浮于海面,最终导致El Nino事件的爆发.北赤道流的异常海温西传是导致西太平洋暖池区次表层海温异常的重要机制,是导致El Nino事件发生的关键. 相似文献
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基于美国马里兰大学提供的海洋同化(SODA)月平均资料,用个例和合成分析方法,剖析了两类ENSO事件赤道太平洋海温异常演变特征。结果指出,东部型ENSO事件的初始海温异常源来自赤道西太平洋次表层,海温异常中心沿气候温跃层向东向上传送,至赤道东太平洋表层形成ENSO事件。东部型ENSO冷暖事件互为初始场,在形成某一位相的ENSO事件的过程中也同时为相反位相的ENSO事件准备条件。中部型ENSO事件的初始海温异常源出现在赤道中太平洋次表层,海温异常中心沿气候温跃层向东向上传送至赤道中东太平洋表层形成ENSO事件。中部型ENSO事件多在前次事件减弱中断后出现。 相似文献
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应用TOGA-TAO实测海流资料(ADCP)和SODA同化海流和海温资料,分析探讨了赤道太平洋潜流的季节和年际变化特征,以及与赤道异常暖水东传的内在联系.揭示了El Nino事件中异常暖水东传的物理机制.结果表明,赤道太平洋潜流具有明显的季节变化和年际变化特征.潜流的垂直最大深度可由海表层至300~400 m,其多年平均最大流速可达100 cm/s.潜流最大中心的纬向变化位置基本维持在160°W-130°W之间.在年际变化中,赤道潜流变化特征非常明显,尤其是在El Nino事件发生过程中,赤道潜流出现明显的加强现象.其最大流速可达140 cm/s以上.在西太平洋暖池区域次表层暖水东传之前,位于中东太平洋次表层的赤道潜流就已出现加强,其最大流速中心沿温跃层不断加强和东移,“引导”来自西太平洋暖池区域次表层的异常暖水向东传播.因此,可以认为西太平洋暖池区域异常暖水的东传与赤道潜流的强度和东传存在密切关系,也就是说在El Nino事件中,赤道潜流的变化是导致西太平洋暖池区域次表层异常暖水东传的重要机制. 相似文献
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应用热带太平洋上层XBT温度资料,分析探讨了西太平洋暖池区次表层海温冷暖异常信号的变化规律,揭示了影响西太平洋暖池区次表层海温冷变异常的信号通道。分析表明,西太平洋暖池区的次表层海温异常变冷与太平洋北赤道流的海温冷异常信号西传有重要关系。北赤道流的海温异常冷(暖)信号是沿温跃层由赤道中东太平洋潜沉向西太平洋暖池区传播,与西太平洋次表层海温异常(冷)暖信号向赤道中东太平洋传播构成了热带海洋信号的气旋式"环流通道"。在这一"环流通道"中,北赤道流的海温异常信号西传是导致西太平洋暖池区及西太平洋次表层海温异常的重要机制,是影响厄尔尼诺(ElNino)和拉尼娜(LaNina)事件发生的关键。 相似文献
5.
ENSO-7赤道西太平洋异常纬向风所驱动的热带太平洋次表层海温距平的循环 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
近几年的一系列分析研究表明，ENSO与异常东亚冬季风之间有相互影响，持续的强（弱）东亚冬季风通过引起赤道西太平洋地区的西（东）风异常对El Niño/La Niña的发生起着重要作用；赤道太平洋次表层海温异常（SOTA）的年际变化（循环）与ENSO发生有密切关系；ENSO的真正源在西太平洋暖池，暖池正（负）SOTA沿赤道温跃层东传到东太平洋，便导致El Niño/La Niña的爆发；在暖池正（负）SOTA沿赤道东传的同时，有负（正）SOTA沿10°N和10°S纬度带向西传播，从而构成SOTA的循环；热带太平洋SOTA循环的驱动者是赤道西太平洋的异常纬向风。进而可以认为：ENSO实质上是主要由异常东亚季风引起的赤道西太平洋异常纬向风所驱动的热带太平洋次表层海温距平的年际循环。 相似文献
6.
14MaB.P.澳大利亚板块对赤道太平洋影响的数值模拟 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
文章利用美国NASA的GISS海气耦合模式,研究了14MaB.P.时期与现代情景下的澳大利亚板块不同位置对赤道太平洋的影响。结果表明:14MaB.P.澳大利亚板块位置较现代偏南时,海洋次表层南赤道海水穿过印度尼西亚通道直接进入印度洋,注入赤道潜流的南赤道海水减少,使得赤道潜流主要来源于北赤道海水,造成赤道太平洋海温比现在冷,其中以赤道西太平洋海温降低幅度最大。而在海洋近表层赤道中东太平洋地区,由于进入海洋的净能量增加和西向风应力加强的共同作用,使得14MaB.P.时海温较之现代情景下要低0.2℃左右。此外,14MaB.P.澳大利亚板块较现代偏南时,赤道太平洋地区的降水量少于现代。 相似文献
7.
热带印度洋环流动力研究对认识海盆尺度物质和水体交换、区域乃至全球气候变化具有重要意义,亦服务于人类的生产生活。回顾了近年来基于中国科学院南海海洋研究所热带印度洋观测取得的环流动力方面的研究进展,探讨提出海洋波动桥梁概念,即：赤道波通过水平传播、垂向传播和东边界反射,在赤道上混合层、次表层和中深层调制着赤道流系的生成与变化;随着波动能量在东边界以沿岸开尔文波和反射罗斯贝波的形式往外赤道传输,赤道动力过程亦调节着外赤道的环流结构变化。作为能量传输的十字路口,海洋东边界是环流变化的动力支点。在其支撑下,海洋波动成为环流间重要的能量纽带,贡献于环流的动力联系,是东印度洋环流多尺度变化的重要内因。基于观测,初步探讨了大尺度气候模态等外因对热带东印度洋环流的影响。凝练的海洋波动桥梁动力学框架,为进一步研究热带印度洋的环流的特征、变化及影响提供科学启示。 相似文献
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通过研究翁通-爪哇海台ODP807A孔顶部岩心微体古生物和有孔虫同位素的变化, 探讨冰期旋回中赤道西太平洋晚第四纪古生产力的变化.多种古生产力替代指标揭示出赤道西太平洋古生产力自深海氧同位素13期以来总体呈升高趋势, 具有冰期高、间冰期低的特征.温跃层替代指标显示该海域温跃层变化不具有简单的冰期-间冰期变化模式, 而是分为2个阶段: 280ka以前温跃层平均深度较浅, 呈现高幅低频波动; 280ka以后温跃层平均深度变深, 呈现低幅高频波动.古生产力和温跃层变化模式的明显差异说明温跃层变化不是赤道西太平洋表层生产力波动的主要原因.807A孔古生产力变化与西北太平洋风尘通量变化基本一致, 所以提出来自亚洲中东部的风尘对于提高赤道西太平洋生物生产力可能具有重要意义. 相似文献
9.
春季热带海温与北疆夏季极端降水的关系研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
基于1961—2017年北疆47站夏季逐日降水资料、NOAA海温资料和NCEP/NCAR再分析资料,利用90%分位确定北疆夏季单站降水阈值,得出极端降水量,讨论了春季热带海温与北疆夏季极端降水的关系。结果表明：北疆夏季极端降水和春季热带印度洋（20° S~15° N,50°~110° E）及赤道东太平洋（15° S~15° N,90°~180° W）海温呈正相关,两个关键区春季热带海温异常偏暖时,北疆夏季极端降水偏多,仅春季热带印度洋关键区海温异常偏暖时,北疆西北地区夏季极端降水偏多。当春季热带印度洋和赤道东太平洋关键区海温同时异常偏暖时,200 hPa西风急流轴明显偏南,500 hPa西西伯利亚和中亚地区低值系统活跃,南方路径输送的水汽增加,有利于北疆夏季极端降水的发生;仅春季热带印度洋关键区海温异常偏暖时,200 hPa西风急流强度增强,500 hPa西西伯利亚地区低值系统活跃,配合偏东路径的水汽输送,北疆西北地区夏季极端降水偏多。 相似文献
10.
全球变暖hiatus现象的研究进展 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
进入21世纪后,全球增暖hiatus现象成为国际上气候变化研究的一个新热点。详细介绍了国际上该现象的研究进展,特别是对hiatus现象的确认研究,影响hiatus现象的辐射外强迫和气候系统海气相互作用产生的自然变率对hiatus现象的影响研究工作,最后提出了现阶段国际上对于hiatus现象的研究亟需解决的问题。造成21世纪hiatus现象的原因是在太平洋年代际振荡(PDO)的大背景场下赤道信风加强,使赤道西太平洋暖水"堆积"和赤道东太平洋变冷,造成海洋上层热量向深层传输。因此,hiatus现象并不代表全球变暖的停止,只是热量向深层海洋转移,是全球变暖的另一种表现形式。 相似文献
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The warm pool in the Indian Ocean 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The structure of the warm pool (region with temperature greater than 28°C) in the equatorial Indian Ocean is examined and
compared with its counterpart in the Pacific Ocean using the climatology of Levitus. Though the Pacific warm pool is larger
and warmer, a peculiarity of the pool in the Indian Ocean is its seasonal variation. The surface area of the pool changes
from 24 × 106 km2 in April to 8 × 106 km2 in September due to interaction with the southwest monsoon. The annual cycles of sea surface temperature at locations covered
by the pool during at least a part of the year show the following modes: (i) a cycle with no significant variation (observed
in the western equatorial Pacific and central and eastern equatorial Indian Ocean), (ii) a single maximum/minimum (northern
and southern part of the Pacific warm pool and the south Indian Ocean), (iii) two maxima/minima (Arabian Sea, western equatorial
Indian Ocean and southern Bay of Bengal), and (iv) a rapid rise, a steady phase and a rapid fall (northern Bay of Bengal). 相似文献
14.
本文是1:400万“中国及邻近海域岩石圈动力学图”说明书的节要。它对我国现今活动着或在新生代活动过的地质和地球物理作用过程作了综合概括,重点是板内现象,并从板块构造作用基本过程上对它们加以解释。 中国的岩石圈很不均匀。其动力学涉及8个活动亚板块和有关的17个构造块体的性质、它们的相对运动和构造应力场、以及新构造变形的特征。阐明了我国岩石圈现今运动和变形 相似文献
15.
The structural elements on the shallow (Sunda Shelf) and deep seas of east and south—east Asia are interpreted as the result of past interaction between lithospheric plates. During the Mesozoic the western Pacific Ocean and the eastern Indian Ocean were parts of the Tethys Sea and were moving to the north relative to Antarctica. A Mesozoic ridge system trending east—west produced east—west trending magnetic anomalies throughout the entire area. The ridge system was bisected by large north—south transform faults which divided the eastern Indian Ocean—western Pacific Ocean into sub-plates traveling at different speeds. The Mesozoic evolution of the Sunda Shelf and the deep seas resulted from such horizontal differential movement in a north—south direction. During Late Cretaceous—Eocene the various segments of the spreading ridge gradually submerged beneath the deep sea trenches to the north, causing a gradual change in the direction of motion of the Pacific plate. The change in motion of the Pacific plate resulted in the separation between the Pacific and the eastern Indian Ocean plates, the formation of large northeast—southwest tectonic elements on the Sunda Shelf and elsewhere in south—east Asia, the formation of the western Philippine Basin and the rapid northward motion of Australia. The only remnant of the Mesozoic ridge system exists today at the western Philippine Basin. 相似文献
16.
Bijoy Thompson C. Gnanaseelan Anant Parekh P. S. Salvekar 《Journal of Earth System Science》2008,117(2):169-178
The variability in the long-term temperature and sea level over the north Indian Ocean during the period 1958–2000 has been
investigated using an Ocean General Circulation Model, Modular Ocean Model version 4. The model simulated fields are compared
with the sea level observations from tide-gauges, Topex/Poseidon (T/P) satellite, in situ temperature profile observations from WHOI moored buoy and sea surface temperature (SST) observations from DS1, DS3 and DS4
moored buoys. It is seen that the long (6–8 years) warming episodes in the SST over the north Indian Ocean are followed by
short episodes (2–3 years) of cooling. The model temperature and sea level anomaly over the north Indian Ocean show an increasing
trend in the study period. The model thermocline heat content per unit area shows a linear increasing trend (from 1958–2000)
at the rate of 0.0018 × 1011 J/m2 per year for north Indian Ocean. North Indian Ocean sea level anomaly (thermosteric component) also shows a linear increasing
trend of 0.31 mm/year during 1958–2000. 相似文献
17.
Over the North Indian Ocean (NIO) and particularly over the Bay of Bengal (BoB), the post-monsoon season from October to December (OND) are known to produce tropical cyclones, which cause damage to life and property over India and many neighbouring countries. The variability of frequency of cyclonic disturbances (CDs) during OND season is found to be associated with variability of previous large-scale features during monsoon season from June to September, which is used to develop seasonal forecast model of CDs frequency over the BoB and NIO based on principal component regression (PCR). Six dynamical/thermodynamical parameters during previous June–August, viz., (i) sea surface temperature (SST) over the equatorial central Pacific, (ii) sea level pressure (SLP) over the southeastern equatorial Indian Ocean, (iii) meridional wind over the eastern equatorial Indian Ocean at 850 hPa, (iv) strength of upper level easterly, (v) strength of monsoon westerly over North Indian Ocean at 850 hPa, and (vi) SST over the northwest Pacific having significant and stable relationship with CDs over BoB in subsequent OND season are used in PCR model for a training period of 40 years (1971–2010) and the latest four years (2011–2014) are used for validation. The PCR model indicates highly significant correlation coefficient of 0.77 (0.76) between forecast and observed frequency of CD over the BoB (NIO) for the whole period of 44 years and is associated with the root mean square error and mean absolute error ≤ 1 CD. With respect to the category forecast of CD frequency over BoB and NIO, the Hit score is found to be about 63% and the Relative Operating Curves (ROC) for above and below normal forecast is found to be having much better forecast skill than the climatology. The PCR model performs very well, particularly for the above and below normal CD year over the BoB and the NIO, during the test period from 2011 to 2014. 相似文献
18.
The hydrography and circulation pattern off Antarctica in the Indian Ocean region are studied using vertical sections of temperature, salinity and oxyty approximately along 20°E, 77°E and 90°E, and the dynamic topography of the sea surface with reference to 1000 db. Based on the oceanographic characteristics, the whole region under study can be divided into three zones, the extreme ends being characterised by the frontal structure. The dicothermal layer is conspicuous during summer south of 50°S. The surface flow around Antarctica is mainly zonal. The East Wind Drift, found as a narrow westward flow near Antarctica, is observed at a lower latitude in the eastern Indian Ocean where the land extends northword. Contrary to expectation there is evidence of a westward flowing surface current at about 35°S between 45°E and 65°E. 相似文献
19.
Feng Chen Yujiang Yuan Wenshou Wei Ruibo Zhang Shulong Yu Huaming Shang Tongwen Zhang Li Qin Huiqing Wang Fahu Chen 《Boreas: An International Journal of Quaternary Research》2013,42(4):1008-1021
An annual (July to June) precipitation reconstruction for the period AD 1760–2010 was developed from a Picea crassifolia regional tree‐ring chronology from two sites in the northern mountainous region of the Hexi Corridor, NW China. This reconstruction explains 52.1% of the actual precipitation variance during the period 1951 to 2010. Spatial correlations with gridded land‐surface data reveal that our reconstruction contains a strong regional precipitation signal for the Hexi Corridor and for the southern margin of the Badain Jaran Desert. Significant spectral peaks were identified at 31.9, 11.1, 8.0, 7.0, 3.2, 2.6 and 2.2 years. A large‐scale comparison indicates that our reconstruction is more consistent with climate records of a Westerly‐dominated Central Asia, and that the Westerlies have a greater impact on the precipitation in this region than the Asian summer monsoon. Our reconstructed precipitation series is significantly correlated with sea‐surface temperature (SST) in the tropical Atlantic Ocean (positive), the tropical Indian Ocean (positive), the western tropical Pacific Ocean (positive), and the western North Pacific Ocean (negative). The spatial correlation patterns between our precipitation reconstruction and SSTs of the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans suggest a connection between regional precipitation variations and the high‐mid‐latitude northern atmospheric circulations (Westerlies and Asian summer monsoon). 相似文献