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多径信号是GPS定位的主要误差源之一。码和载波跟踪环是GPS接收机的重要组成部分，它们直接决定了接收机的性能，因此当前多径消除技术研究的核心即是从跟踪环内部着手研究。本文仔细分析了GPS接收机信号跟踪环以及多径信号对跟踪精度的影响，对伪距码与载波相位多径误差进行了比较，并且通过仿真结果和图表阐明了码和载波相位多径误差之间的协同关系。 相似文献
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多径的存在会给全球导航卫星系统的接收机带来较大的定位误差。因此,高精度的接收机须对多径信号进行抑制。针对目前常用的多径抑制方法的优缺点,提出了一种基于多门延迟和曲线拟合的多径抑制方法。该方法通过多门延迟来重塑伪码的自相关函数,用于找到直射信号的伪码真实位置和接收机码跟踪环路鉴别结果之间的偏差,进一步通过曲线拟合方法更加精确地计算出该偏差,最后将该偏差通过开环方法补偿给伪距计算,使得接收机在不改变环路跟踪性能和抗动态干扰性能的前提下实现定位性能的提升。仿真结果表明新算法在前端带宽的影响下对短、中长多径均能进行有效地抑制。 相似文献
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The timing error between global navigation satellite system (GNSS) and inertial navigation system (INS) processes limits the integration performance in GNSS/INS integrated systems. In a deeply coupled system, this timing error affects not only the integrated navigation solution, but also the GNSS signal tracking. We propose a time-domain model of INS-aided second-order phase-locked loops (PLLs) in consideration of the INS aiding delay, and analyze the effect of INS aiding delay on the tracking errors in details. In addition, an integrated hardware deeply coupled system platform was developed to verify the impact of time delay on INS-aided PLLs. Simulation and field vehicles testing results demonstrate that the tracking error of the INS-aided PLL caused by aiding delay increases with the lengthening of the delay time, the compression of the bandwidth, and the increase in the acceleration. Testing results verify the proposed model. 相似文献
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高性能原子钟钟差建模及其在精密单点定位中的应用 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
鉴于当前许多IGS跟踪站均配置有高性能原子钟的现状,本文首先采用修正Allan方差法分析了不同IGS跟踪站的接收机钟随机噪声的时域特性,进而评估了不同类型接收机的短期稳定度及钟差建模的可行性,然后利用IGS站配有氢原子钟的观测数据,在精密单点定位算法中,通过对钟差参数进行短时建模约束接收机钟差的随机变化,进而改进精密单点定位(PPP)的定位性能。试验结果表明钟差建模方法显著降低了高程分量参数、天顶对流层延迟参数与接收机钟差参数之间的相关性,GNSS高程分量的精度可提高50%。该方法对于提升PPP技术在地壳形变监测、低轨卫星定轨、水汽监测及预报等高精度GNSS地学领域的应用水平具有一定意义。 相似文献
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发射信号不完善性对卫星导航系统内及系统间干扰的影响分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
研究了3种典型的卫星发射信号不完善性——载波泄漏、互调失真和杂散辐射对于卫星导航信号的接收所带来的干扰,通过信号建模以及谱分离系数、码跟踪谱灵敏度系数和等效载噪比的解析计算对干扰效果进行量化分析;针对GPS和Galileo系统L1/E1频段的信号进行了多层次的仿真计算,给出了综合考虑噪声、信号损耗、外源干扰、GNSS系统内和系统间干扰,以及3种信号不完善性单独作用、两两组合和综合作用下的结果,其中对于GPS L1C/A短码考虑了电文调制对线谱的影响。结果表明,当总的不完善干扰功率水平达到一定程度后,其对接收机信号捕获跟踪和解调的影响大于系统间干扰,不能忽略。 相似文献
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Compared with the traditional GPS L1 C/A BPSK-R(1) signal, wideband global navigation satellite system (GNSS) signals suffer more severe distortion due to ionospheric dispersion. Ionospheric dispersion inevitably introduces additional errors in pseudorange and carrier phase observations that cannot be readily eliminated by traditional methods. Researchers have reported power losses, waveform ripples, correlation peak asymmetries, and carrier phase shifts caused by ionospheric dispersion. We analyze the code tracking bias induced by ionospheric dispersion and propose an efficient all-pass filter to compensate the corresponding nonlinear group delay over the signal bandwidth. The filter is constructed in a cascaded biquad form based on the estimated total electron content (TEC). The effects of TEC accuracy, filter order, and fraction parameter on the filter fitting error are explored. Taking the AltBOC(15,10) signal as an example, we compare the time domain signal waveforms, correlation peaks, code tracking biases, and carrier phase biases with and without this all-pass filter and demonstrate that the proposed delay-equalization all-pass filter is a potential solution to ionospheric dispersion compensation and mitigation of observation biases for wideband GNSS signals. 相似文献
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GNSS data management and processing with the GPSTk 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Dagoberto Salazar Manuel Hernandez-Pajares Jose M. Juan Jaume Sanz 《GPS Solutions》2010,14(3):293-299
We organize complex problems in simple ways using a GNSS data management strategy based on “GNSS Data Structures” (GDS), coupled
with the open source “GPS Toolkit” (GPSTk) suite. The code resulting from using the GDS and their associated “processing paradigm”
is remarkably compact and easy to follow, yielding better code maintainability. Furthermore, the data abstraction allows flexible
handling of concepts beyond mere data encapsulation, including programmable general solvers. An existing GPSTk class can be
modified to achieve the goal. We briefly describe the “GDS paradigm” and show how the different GNSS data processing “objects”
may be combined in a flexible way to develop data processing strategies such as Precise Point Positioning (PPP) and network-based
PPP that computes satellite clock offsets on-the-fly. 相似文献
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全球导航卫星系统民用信号的信号结构公开等特点,使得民用接收机受到了各种欺骗干扰的威胁。针对不同的欺骗干扰攻击,对比分析了不同电文加密技术的鲁棒性。分析表明,电文加密技术不能应对转发式干扰攻击。在对比了椭圆曲线数字签名(ECDSA)和时间效应流丢失认证(TESLA)的基础上,提出了ECDSA和TESLA组合的导航信息认证(NMA)方案。该方案解决了传统NMA的运算量和时间同步等问题。以扩频码身份认证(SCA)技术为例,仿真评估了电文加密身份认证技术的性能。仿真表明,参与身份认证能大大提高接收机的抗干扰性能。 相似文献
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Vinh T. Tran Nagaraj C. Shivaramaiah Thuan D. Nguyen Eamonn P. Glennon Andrew G. Dempster 《GPS Solutions》2018,22(1):24
The sampling frequency of a digitized intermediate frequency signal has a strong effect on the measurement accuracy of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers. The delay-locked loop tracking error is significant when the sampling frequency is an integer multiple of the code chipping rate, the so-called commensurate sampling frequency, and the number of distinct instantaneous residual code phases is low. This results in distortions of the correlation shape and discriminator functions that lead to a significant accuracy degradation. These effects are most pronounced when the sampling frequency is low. Notwithstanding, it is generally good for receivers to keep the sampling frequency to a minimum owing to the processing load and power consumption. It creates a challenge for existing GNSS signal processing techniques. Random, sine and sawtooth jitters have been found to mitigate these distortions considerably. A software algorithm and two hardware receiver implementations of these solutions are proposed. A register-based architecture can be directly applied to the conventional receiver architecture, while the increase in resource and power consumption is insignificant. A RAM-based design cannot only considerably minimize utilized resources but also slightly reduce the power consumption compared to the conventional architecture. 相似文献
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Long-term soil moisture dynamics derived from GNSS interferometric reflectometry: a case study for Sutherland,South Africa 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Sibylle Vey Andreas Güntner Jens Wickert Theresa Blume Markus Ramatschi 《GPS Solutions》2016,20(4):641-654
Soil moisture is a geophysical key observable for predicting floods and droughts, modeling weather and climate and optimizing agricultural management. Currently available in situ observations are limited to small sampling volumes and restricted number of sites, whereas measurements from satellites lack spatial resolution. Global navigation satellite system (GNSS) receivers can be used to estimate soil moisture time series at an intermediate scale of about 1000 m2. In this study, GNSS signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) data at the station Sutherland, South Africa, are used to estimate soil moisture variations during 2008–2014. The results capture the wetting and drying cycles in response to rainfall. The GNSS Volumetric Water Content (VWC) is highly correlated (r 2 = 0.8) with in situ observations by time-domain reflectometry sensors and is accurate to 0.05 m3/m3. The soil moisture estimates derived from the SNR of the L1 and L2P signals compared to the L2C show small differences with a RMSE of 0.03 m3/m3. A reduction in the SNR sampling rate from 1 to 30 s has very little impact on the accuracy of the soil moisture estimates (RMSE of the VWC difference 1–30 s is 0.01 m3/m3). The results show that the existing data of the global tracking network with continuous observations of the L1 and L2P signals with a 30-s sampling rate over the last two decades can provide valuable complementary soil moisture observations worldwide. 相似文献
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Ambiguity resolution for triple-frequency geometry-free and ionosphere-free combination tested with real data 总被引：5，自引：3，他引：2
The recent GPS Block IIF satellites SVN62 and SVN63 and the Galileo satellites GIOVE-A, GIOVE-B, PFM and FM2 already send signals on more than two frequencies, and more GNSS satellites will provide tracking data on at least three frequencies in the near future. In this paper, a simplified general method for ambiguity resolution minimizing the noise level for the triple-frequency geometry-free (GF) and ionosphere-free (IF) linear combinations is presented, where differently scaled code noise on the three frequencies was introduced. For the third of three required linear combinations, the most demanding one in triple-frequency ambiguity resolution, we developed a general method using the ambiguity-corrected phase observations without any constraints to search for the optimal GF and IF linear combination. We analytically demonstrate that the noise level of this third linear combination only depends on the three frequencies. The investigation concerning this frequency-dependent noise factor was performed for GPS, Galileo and Compass frequency triplets. We verified the theoretical derivations with real triple-frequency GPS and Galileo data from the Multi-GNSS Experiment (M–GEX) of the International GNSS Service (IGS). The data of about 30 M–GEX stations around the world over 11 days from 29 April 2012 to 9 May 2012 were used for the test. For the third linear combinaton using Galileo E1, E5b and E5a, which is expected to have the worst performance among all the GNSS frequency triplets in our investigation, the formal errors of the estimated ambiguities are in most cases below 0.2 cycles after 400 observation epochs. If more GPS satellites sending signals on three frequencies or more stations tracking Galileo E6 signal are available in the future, an improvement by a factor of two to three can be expected. 相似文献
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M_DCB: Matlab code for estimating GNSS satellite and receiver differential code biases 总被引：6，自引：4，他引：2
Global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) have been widely used to monitor variations in the earth’s ionosphere by estimating total electron content (TEC) using dual-frequency observations. Differential code biases (DCBs) are one of the important error sources in estimating precise TEC from GNSS data. The International GNSS Service (IGS) Analysis Centers have routinely provided DCB estimates for GNSS satellites and IGS ground receivers, but the DCBs for regional and local network receivers are not provided. Furthermore, the DCB values of GNSS satellites or receivers are assumed to be constant over 1?day or 1?month, which is not always the case. We describe Matlab code to estimate GNSS satellite and receiver DCBs for time intervals from hours to days; the software is called M_DCB. The DCBs of GNSS satellites and ground receivers are tested and evaluated using data from the IGS GNSS network. The estimates from M_DCB show good agreement with the IGS Analysis Centers with a mean difference of less than 0.7?ns and an RMS of less than 0.4?ns, even for a single station DCB estimate. 相似文献
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Teng Liu Yunbin Yuan Baocheng Zhang Ningbo Wang Bingfeng Tan Yongchang Chen 《Journal of Geodesy》2017,91(3):253-268
A joint-processing model for multi-GNSS (GPS, GLONASS, BDS and GALILEO) precise point positioning (PPP) is proposed, in which raw code and phase observations are used. In the proposed model, inter-system biases (ISBs) and GLONASS code inter-frequency biases (IFBs) are carefully considered, among which GLONASS code IFBs are modeled as a linear function of frequency numbers. To get the full rank function model, the unknowns are re-parameterized and the estimable slant ionospheric delays and ISBs/IFBs are derived and estimated simultaneously. One month of data in April, 2015 from 32 stations of the International GNSS Service (IGS) Multi-GNSS Experiment (MGEX) tracking network have been used to validate the proposed model. Preliminary results show that RMS values of the positioning errors (with respect to external double-difference solutions) for static/kinematic solutions (four systems) are 6.2 mm/2.1 cm (north), 6.0 mm/2.2 cm (east) and 9.3 mm/4.9 cm (up). One-day stabilities of the estimated ISBs described by STD values are 0.36 and 0.38 ns, for GLONASS and BDS, respectively. Significant ISB jumps are identified between adjacent days for all stations, which are caused by the different satellite clock datums in different days and for different systems. Unlike ISBs, the estimated GLONASS code IFBs are quite stable for all stations, with an average STD of 0.04 ns over a month. Single-difference experiment of short baseline shows that PPP ionospheric delays are more precise than traditional leveling ionospheric delays. 相似文献
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与验潮站技术相比,岸基全球导航卫星定位系统干涉反射技术(GNSS-IR)海面测高成本较低,且其观测量不受地壳沉降的影响,并可利用目前已有的沿海岸GNSS固定站提供的数据反演海面高度。目前常用观测量为大地测量型GNSS接收机给出的信噪比(SNR)值,然而,早期很多GNSS设备的输出文件中都不包含该值,导致无法利用它们研究海面高度长期变化趋势。但经典的码伪距和载波相位观测值中,同样包含着GNSS-IR测高信息。本文分别引入单频码伪距和单频载波相位的组合,以及单频码伪距和双频载波相位的组合GNSS两种观测值的组合实现了岸基海面测高。本文采用模拟数据证明了基于前一组合的GNSS-IR测高精度受到电离层延迟残差的影响,而后一种组合可避免该误差项的影响。为验证两种组合方法的有效性,在山东威海一海上栈桥上开展了试验,采集了全球定位系统(GPS)和北斗卫星导航系统(BDS)的观测数据,并处理得到了海面测高信息。最后,将反演结果与26 GHz雷达高度计的观测值进行了比较分析,发现二者具有较好的一致性,相关系数均优于85%。试验结果表明:两种码伪距和载波相位组合法均可用于GNSS-IR测高。另外,由于当前GNSS-IR测高受多种误差项影响,导致反演精度较低,使得后一种组合在避免电离层延迟残差方面的优越性并没有明显体现。本文组合方法的引入,增加了海面高度反演方法的多样性,提升了GNSS-IR测高技术的应用空间。 相似文献
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伽利略系统(Galileo)是全球四大卫星导航系统之一,目前已初步具备全球定位能力。研究Galileo的信号质量和双／三频定位性能不仅对Galileo系统应用具有重要价值,对多全球卫星导航系统（GNSS）融合定位也有重要促进作用。在使用基准站网(MGEX)地面跟踪站的基础上,分析了伽利略信号的载噪比、多路径、以及双／三频精密单点定位(PPP)的定位精度。结果表明,Galileo与GPS相比,载噪比E5> E5a≈E5b≈L5>E1≈L1>L2,多路径误差E5 相似文献
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Tropospheric delay gradients from numerical weather prediction models: effects on GPS estimated parameters 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
Several numerical weather prediction (NWP) models provide information on the 3D state of the neutral atmosphere which has
enabled GNSS researchers to have improved a priori information of the delay induced in the GNSS signals. However, the quality
of weather models on the one hand and computational difficulties on the other, are motivations to develop an algorithm based
partly on NWP models, while still estimating the remaining residual delay through GNSS processing strategies. An algorithm
has been developed to estimate horizontal delay gradients from Meteorological Service of Canada NWP models. The GNSS software
“Bernese” has also been modified to handle these gradients, as well as zenith delay and mapping functions based on NWP models
in phase and code observation equations. Month-long precise point positioning results show strong correlation between north–south
hydrostatic gradients and latitude differences, with significant but less strong correlation with the height and zenith total
delay parameters. The longitude components were not sensitive to the implementation of gradients. High precision GNSS applications
such as long term geodynamics studies, realization of terrestrial reference frames and climatology and consequential interpretations
may be affected by ignoring the asymmetry of the neutral atmosphere. In addition to estimating the gradients, implementing
a priori information on gradients in the processing software may have an impact on estimated results and consequential interpretations. 相似文献